CN111807560B - Water quality regulating agent for rice-shrimp co-culture system and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water quality regulating agent for rice-shrimp co-culture system and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111807560B CN111807560B CN202010726347.XA CN202010726347A CN111807560B CN 111807560 B CN111807560 B CN 111807560B CN 202010726347 A CN202010726347 A CN 202010726347A CN 111807560 B CN111807560 B CN 111807560B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C02F2101/166—Nitrites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
Abstract
The invention discloses a water quality regulating agent of a rice-shrimp co-culture system and a preparation method thereof, and relates to a regulating agent in the field of aquaculture. The regulating agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1) the main components are as follows: macromolecular natural organic matter: 2-5%; aluminum-containing minerals: 40-45%; calcium-containing minerals: 20-25%; acid salt: 5-10%; 2) additional components: adhesive: 5-20%; foaming material: 0.1-0.5%; moisture content: 5 to 15 percent. The regulator can greatly reduce organic matters, nutrient substances and heavy metals in water during the rice and shrimp co-culture, increase dissolved oxygen in the water, improve the water quality, create conditions for the healthy growth and development of the crayfish, and ensure the economic benefit of a rice and shrimp co-culture system. Compared with the traditional material applying type treatment mode, the regulator has high efficiency of improving water quality, is ecological and environment-friendly, and has no environmental risk.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a regulating agent in the field of aquaculture, in particular to a water quality regulating agent of a rice-shrimp co-culture system and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The rice and shrimp co-farming system is a comprehensive utilization mode of rice fields which is rapidly developed in more than ten years. The mode is popular with farmers due to good economic effect and simple management. However, with the addition of a large amount of high-protein feed, the accumulation of crayfish excrement, and the abuse of a large amount of disinfectant, antibiotic and other drugs, the deterioration of the culture water body is accelerated, particularly in the spring festival every year, the temperature rises again, a large amount of filamentous algae erupts and die, and a large amount of dissolved oxygen in the water body is consumed, so that the dissolved oxygen in the water body is insufficient, and the growth and development of crayfish are seriously influenced.
The existing methods for improving the water quality of the rice and shrimp farming system are divided into a physical method, a chemical method and a biological method. The physical method comprises the steps of increasing dissolved oxygen in water by using an oxygenation device, and overflowing harmful gas through aeration; or applying the adsorbent to reduce the content of organic matters and toxic substances in the water body so as to improve the water quality. Chemical methods such as algicide (such as copper sulfate), flocculant, precipitant (such as aluminum potassium sulfate, sodium thiosulfate), etc. can be used to reduce the organic content in the water. The biological method is that beneficial bacteria such as bacillus can decompose organic matters, and photosynthetic bacteria can reduce the content of nitrite and hydrogen sulfide in water. However, each kind of beneficial bacteria has different living environments, such as photosynthetic bacteria visible light propagation, bacillus needs to be rich in dissolved oxygen, lactic acid bacteria generate organic acid to change the pH value of a water body, and the environmental requirements of various beneficial bacteria need to be considered when the water-saving environment-friendly bacterium preparation is used.
How to quickly and efficiently adjust the water quality to meet the requirements of crayfish culture becomes the key for continuous application of a rice and shrimp co-culture system. The development trend is that the required dosage is small, the efficiency is high, the cost for adjusting the water quality is low, the environmental risk is avoided, the construction process is convenient, special professional construction equipment is not needed, non-professional technicians can carry out direct operation, and the method is convenient to widely apply.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a water quality regulating agent of a rice-shrimp co-culture system and a preparation method thereof aiming at the characteristics and requirements of water quality change of the rice-shrimp co-culture system, wherein the water quality regulating agent can inhibit nutrient substances in a rice field from releasing to a water body, reduce the nutrient substances in the water body and control the growth of filamentous algae; meanwhile, the chemical oxygen consumption of the water body is reduced, so that the contents of organic matters, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and heavy metals in the water body are greatly reduced, the dissolved oxygen in the water body is increased, and the water quality meets the requirement of healthy growth of the crayfish.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
water quality regulator (regulator for short) for rice-shrimp cooperative system
1. Components and weight percentage
The components of the regulator comprise a main component and an additional component
1) Main component
Macromolecular natural organic matter: 2-5%;
aluminum-containing minerals: 40-45%;
calcium-containing minerals: 20-25%;
acid salt: 5-10%;
2) additional Components
Adhesive: 5-20%;
foaming material: 0.1-0.5%;
moisture content: 5 to 15 percent.
Scientific verification of components:
the sum of the lower limits of all the components is 77.1 which is less than 100 percent;
the sum of the upper limits of all the components is 120.5 which is more than 100 percent;
the sum of the lower limit of each component plus the upper limit of the other component should be greater than 100%, and the sum of the upper limit of each component plus the lower limit of the other component should be less than 100%.
2. The functions of each component are as follows:
macromolecular natural organic matter: the specific surface area is large, the adsorption force is strong, and the organic matter, heavy metal and the like in the water body are well adsorbed.
Aluminum-containing minerals: can absorb nutrient substances (such as inorganic phosphorus) and heavy metal ions in water, inhibit growth of filamentous algae, and increase dissolved oxygen in water.
Calcium-containing minerals: passivating the nutrient substances and heavy metals adsorbed by the aluminum-containing substances, ensuring that the enriched pollutants are not released any more, and improving the holding capacity of the pollutants.
Acid salt: neutralizing alkali generated during the reaction of the aluminum-containing mineral and the calcium-containing mineral, and stabilizing the pH value of the water body after the regulating agent is added; meanwhile, the enrichment capacity of the regulating agent to pollutants is enhanced, and the adding amount of the regulating agent is reduced.
Adhesive: various raw materials are bonded, formed and agglomerated, and the regulation and control agent is convenient to add.
Foaming material: the internal surface area of the regulating agent is increased, the enrichment performance of the regulating agent on pollutants is enhanced, and the adding amount of regulating control is reduced.
Moisture content: the regulator can be guaranteed not to lose activity during transportation and storage.
3. The use of the regulating agent is as follows:
greatly reduces organic matters, nutrient substances and heavy metals in the water body during the rice and shrimp joint cropping, increases the dissolved oxygen in the water body, improves the water quality, creates conditions for the healthy growth and development of the crayfish, and ensures the economic benefit of the rice and shrimp joint cropping system.
Preparation method of water quality regulating agent for rice-shrimp combined cropping system
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, according to the weight percentage, uniformly mixing powdery aluminum-containing minerals and calcium-containing minerals in a certain proportion, transferring the mixture to a high-temperature furnace to be burnt to be blocky, naturally cooling the blocky mixture to normal temperature, mechanically crushing the blocky mixture to be 200 meshes, and uniformly mixing the blocky mixture with a certain proportion of a bonding agent for later use;
placing the macromolecular natural organic matters and the acid salt into a reaction kettle according to the weight percentage, slowly adding purified water accounting for 60 percent of the total weight into the reaction kettle while stirring, and accelerating the dissolution of the acid salt and the uniform dispersion of the macromolecular natural organic matters;
thirdly, continuously adding the foaming substance into the step II according to 0.1-0.5% of the total weight, and uniformly stirring;
slowly adding the powder obtained in the step (III), uniformly stirring, after the reaction is finished, cooling the temperature to normal temperature, removing the mixture to a dryer, and drying and dehydrating;
fifthly, crushing and sieving the dried substance obtained in the step IV to obtain a particle size of not more than 20 meshes.
The invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
firstly, the adding amount and the adding time of the regulating agent can be customized according to the current situation of the water quality of the rice field; after the water quality is deteriorated, the water can be added in an emergency, so that the effect of improving the water quality is improved quickly; the regulation agent has simple adding process, does not need special professional equipment and professional technicians, is quick to add and is convenient for wide application.
Secondly, the traditional shrimp field water quality regulation and control is mostly pure chemical products, and certain ecological environment risks exist during transportation, storage and addition; the raw materials of the regulating agent are mostly natural substances, cannot pollute the rice field, and has no environmental risk.
The regulating agent is added and prepared, so that the reasonable proportion of effective components is ensured, the production process is simple, and no three wastes are generated in the preparation process.
Fourthly, the regulation and control sampling physical and chemical combination mode enriches the nutrient substances in the water body, and when the modulator is settled in the surface paddy field soil and is mixed with the soil, partial nutrient substances can be released to be used for the growth of paddy rice; moreover, the regulation and control embedded in the rice field can passivate the heavy metal in the soil and can be used for treating the heavy metal polluted soil.
Compared with the traditional material applying type treatment mode, the water quality regulator has high efficiency of improving water quality, is ecological and environment-friendly, and has no environmental risk.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention in detail. The examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention.
Regulating agent
1. Components
1) The main components are as follows:
(1) macromolecular natural organic matter
The macromolecular natural organic matter is lignin.
(2) Mineral containing aluminium
The aluminum-containing mineral is aluminum oxide.
(3) Calcium-containing mineral
The calcium-containing mineral is calcium carbonate.
(4) Acidic salt
The acid salt is ferric nitrate.
2) Additional components:
(1) adhesive agent
The adhesive is modified bentonite.
(2) Foamed article
The foaming material is hydrogen peroxide.
(3) Moisture content
The water is free water.
2. Examples of the embodiments
The weight percentages of the components of the regulating agent are general proportions, and the component proportions can be properly regulated according to the composition and the content of pollutants in water, the soil property of the rice field and a control target.
1) The main components are limited by
Macromolecular natural organic matter: 2 percent;
aluminum-containing minerals: 40 percent;
calcium-containing minerals: 20 percent;
acid salt: 5 percent;
the additional components are:
adhesive: 20 percent;
foaming material: 0.5 percent;
moisture content: 12.5 percent.
2) The main components are as defined above
Macromolecular natural organic matter: 5 percent;
aluminum-containing minerals: 45 percent;
calcium-containing minerals: 25 percent;
acid salt: 10 percent;
the additional components are:
adhesive: 9.5 percent;
foaming material: 0.5 percent;
moisture content: 5 percent.
3) The main component takes an intermediate value
Macromolecular natural organic matter: 3.5 percent;
aluminum-containing minerals: 42.5 percent;
calcium-containing minerals: 22.5 percent;
acid salt: 7.5 percent;
the additional components correspond to:
adhesive: 13.2 percent;
foaming material: 0.3 percent;
moisture content: 10.5 percent.
The selection of the above embodiments meets the requirements, and the properties are good. During implementation, the regulating agent can be prepared by adjusting the corresponding component proportion according to the composition and the content of water pollutants, the soil property of the rice field and a control target.
Second, implementation case
1. Regulating agent and preparation method thereof
Firstly, firing and crushing active substances
The weight ratio of the aluminum-containing mineral to the calcium-containing mineral is 1: 1, uniformly mixing, then sending to a converter, controlling the furnace temperature at 1300-;
② the adjustment of the slurry property is carried out in the reaction kettle
The weight ratio of the main substances for adjusting the properties of the slurry is as follows: water accounts for 60 percent of the total weight of the materials, acid salt accounts for 5 percent, adhesive accounts for 4.5 percent, macromolecular natural organic matter accounts for 5 percent, foaming matter accounts for less than 0.5 percent, and aluminum-containing mineral and calcium-containing mineral account for 85 percent;
the reaction kettle is required to be cooled to take away heat released in the reaction process;
thirdly, transferring the mixture obtained in the reaction kettle to a drier
Drying, dewatering, crushing and sieving to obtain 10 mesh product.
2. Effect verification
When the water quality regulator of the invention is applied to a certain rice-shrimp co-culture field in Honghu lake city of Hubei province, the detection index change in water is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Regulation and control effect of the regulator on a certain rice-shrimp co-culture field in Honghu City
As can be seen from the table 1, after the regulator of the invention is applied, the COD content in the detected indexes in the table, such as the pH value of the water body, the total phosphorus, the ammonia nitrogen, the nitrite and the bottom sediment, are all obviously reduced, and the dissolved oxygen is greatly increased, which indicates that the regulator of the invention can adjust the pH value of the water body, greatly reduce the nutrient substances and organic matters in the water body during the rice-shrimp co-operation, increase the dissolved oxygen in the water body, improve the water quality, create conditions for the healthy growth and development of the crayfish, and ensure the economic benefit of the rice-shrimp co-operation system.
Claims (1)
1. A water quality regulating agent of a rice-shrimp co-culture system is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:
1) main component
Macromolecular natural organic matter: 2-5%;
aluminum-containing minerals: 40-45%;
calcium-containing minerals: 20-25%;
acid salt: 5-10%;
2) additional Components
Adhesive: 5-20%;
foaming material: 0.1-0.5%;
moisture content: 5-15%;
the preparation method of the water quality regulator comprises the following steps:
firstly, according to the weight percentage, uniformly mixing powdery aluminum-containing minerals and calcium-containing minerals according to the proportion, transferring the mixture to a high-temperature furnace to be burnt to be blocky, naturally cooling the blocky mixture to normal temperature, mechanically crushing the blocky mixture to be 200 meshes, and uniformly mixing the blocky mixture with the adhesive according to the proportion for later use;
placing the macromolecular natural organic matters and the acid salt into a reaction kettle according to the weight percentage, slowly adding purified water accounting for 60 percent of the total weight into the reaction kettle while stirring, and accelerating the dissolution of the acid salt and the uniform dispersion of the macromolecular natural organic matters;
thirdly, continuously adding the foaming substance into the step II according to 0.1-0.5% of the total weight, and uniformly stirring;
slowly adding the powder obtained in the step (III), uniformly stirring, after the reaction is finished, cooling the temperature to normal temperature, removing the mixture to a dryer, and drying and dehydrating;
fifthly, crushing and sieving the dried substance obtained in the step IV to obtain a particle size of not more than 20 meshes;
the macromolecular natural organic matter is lignin;
the aluminum-containing mineral is aluminum oxide;
the calcium-containing mineral is calcium carbonate;
the acid salt is ferric nitrate;
the adhesive is modified bentonite;
the foaming material is hydrogen peroxide;
the water is free water.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010726347.XA CN111807560B (en) | 2020-07-25 | 2020-07-25 | Water quality regulating agent for rice-shrimp co-culture system and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202010726347.XA CN111807560B (en) | 2020-07-25 | 2020-07-25 | Water quality regulating agent for rice-shrimp co-culture system and preparation method thereof |
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| CN111807560B true CN111807560B (en) | 2022-03-15 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104445450A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-03-25 | 镇江山水湾生态农业开发有限公司 | Coilia ectenes aquaculture pond water regulator and preparation method thereof |
| CN104817125A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-08-05 | 张家港市山牧新材料技术开发有限公司 | Industrial sewage treating agent |
| CN106540651A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2017-03-29 | 云南民族大学 | A kind of method that utilization microwave heating technique modified sediment prepares dephosphorization material |
| CN110627223A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-12-31 | 天津蕴华农业科技发展有限公司 | Water body modifying agent for penaeus vannamei boone culture pond |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060076299A1 (en) * | 2004-10-08 | 2006-04-13 | The Hong Kong University Of Science And Technology | Synthesis of bentonite clay-based iron nanocomposite and its use as a heterogeneous photo fenton catalyst |
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- 2020-07-25 CN CN202010726347.XA patent/CN111807560B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104445450A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-03-25 | 镇江山水湾生态农业开发有限公司 | Coilia ectenes aquaculture pond water regulator and preparation method thereof |
| CN104817125A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-08-05 | 张家港市山牧新材料技术开发有限公司 | Industrial sewage treating agent |
| CN106540651A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2017-03-29 | 云南民族大学 | A kind of method that utilization microwave heating technique modified sediment prepares dephosphorization material |
| CN110627223A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-12-31 | 天津蕴华农业科技发展有限公司 | Water body modifying agent for penaeus vannamei boone culture pond |
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