CN111806648B - Correction method for weight measurement error of anchor chain tension water-sensitive gauge - Google Patents

Correction method for weight measurement error of anchor chain tension water-sensitive gauge Download PDF

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CN111806648B
CN111806648B CN202010675337.8A CN202010675337A CN111806648B CN 111806648 B CN111806648 B CN 111806648B CN 202010675337 A CN202010675337 A CN 202010675337A CN 111806648 B CN111806648 B CN 111806648B
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朱金善
朱景林
王文新
刘勇
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Dalian Maritime University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a correction method for a weight measuring error of an anchor chain tension water-induced gauge, which specifically comprises the following steps: calculating the transverse component force and the longitudinal component force of the wind pressure borne by the anchoring ship; respectively calculating the fore transverse component force, the stern transverse component force and the longitudinal component force of the water flow force borne by the anchor mooring ship; analyzing the resultant force of wind flow external force borne by the anchor mooring ship before and after loading (unloading) goods based on wind pressure and water flow force; acquiring the catenary length of the anchor chain thrown out by the ship according to the wind flow external force borne by the mooring ship, and calculating the chain outlet angle of the thrown anchor chain according to the catenary length; and respectively calculating the vertical component of the tension of the anchor chain before and after loading (unloading) according to the resultant force of the wind flow external force borne by the anchor mooring ship before and after loading (unloading), the catenary length of the anchor chain thrown out by the ship, the chain outlet angle of the thrown anchor chain and other information, and further solving the correction value of the weighing error of the anchor chain tension water-sensitive gauge.

Description

Correction method for weight measurement error of anchor chain tension water-sensitive gauge
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of weight measurement of a water gauge of a bulk cargo ship, in particular to a correction method for a weight measurement error of the water gauge caused by anchor chain tension.
Background
With the development of large-scale ships, the phenomenon that bulk carriers are loaded and unloaded at an anchor place is more and more common due to the limitation of factors such as the depth of water in ports. To prevent the vessel from drifting when the vessel is moored at a windy ground, the chain is connected to the sea floor at an angle to the vessel to resist the effects of external forces such as wind currents (see fig. 1). At this point the vessel is subjected to a diagonally downward pulling force F (hawse tension). According to the principle of force resolution, the component force F of the pulling force F in the horizontal direction1Resultant force (T) for counteracting wind and current loads0) The resultant force of the ship in the horizontal direction is zero, and the ship can be still on the water surface; while the component force F of the pulling force F in the vertical direction2The hull is sunk, resulting in an increase in the six-sided draught of the ship, and thus an error in calculating the loading (unloading) amount. According to the theory of error, the error is the systematic errorThe difference should be reduced by the improvement of the method.
The water gauge weighing of bulk cargo ship involves several factors and steps such as six-surface draft observation, ship oil and water storage and port water density measurement. In order to improve the weighing precision, part 2 of the current import and export commodity weight identification procedure: a water gauge weighing method (SN/T3023.2-2016, hereinafter referred to as regulations) gives a plurality of corrections of six-sided draft, ship sag deformation, port water density and the like, but does not give a correction method for a water gauge weighing error caused by anchor chain tension; the prior art (invention patent and utility model) mainly provides an improvement method from the aspects of improving the observation efficiency and precision of the water gauge, reducing the labor intensity of the measuring personnel and the like, and there are few specific measures for carrying out systematic analysis on the weight measuring error of the water gauge caused by the tension of the anchor chain and reducing the error.
In conclusion, it is necessary to explore a correction method for the weight measurement error of the water gauge caused by the tension of the anchor chain. The method is an innovation for the water gauge weighing theory per se, and has strong practical value in bulk trade and navigation practice at home and abroad; the method can lay a foundation for the subsequent work of modifying international and domestic water gauge weighing regulations, updating cargo ship stowage instruments and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the problems in the prior art, the invention discloses a method for correcting a weight measuring error of an anchor chain tension induced water gauge, which specifically comprises the following steps:
calculating the transverse component force and the longitudinal component force of the wind pressure borne by the anchoring ship;
respectively calculating the fore transverse component force, the stern transverse component force and the longitudinal component force of the water flow force borne by the anchor mooring ship;
analyzing the resultant force of wind flow external force borne by the anchor mooring ship before and after loading and unloading goods based on wind pressure and water flow force;
acquiring the catenary length of the anchor chain thrown out by the ship according to the wind flow external force borne by the mooring ship, and calculating the chain outlet angle of the thrown anchor chain according to the catenary length;
and respectively calculating the vertical component of the tension of the anchor chain before and after loading and unloading according to the resultant force of the wind flow external force borne by the anchor mooring ship before and after loading and unloading, the catenary length of the anchor chain thrown out by the ship and the chain outlet angle information of the thrown anchor chain, and further solving the correction value of the weighing error of the anchor chain tension water-induced gauge.
Further, the transverse component force and the longitudinal component force of the wind pressure borne by the moored ship specifically adopt the following modes:
calculating the lateral component V of the wind speed from the wind speed and the wind anglexwAnd the longitudinal component V of the wind speedyw；
Method for determining transverse wind area A of wind pressure acting on ship body by interpolationxwAnd the longitudinal wind area AywZeta, uneven wind pressure reduction coefficient1And correction coefficient ζ of wind pressure variation2Calculating the transverse component F of the wind pressure applied to the ship according to the dataxwAnd a longitudinal component Fyw。
Further, the bow transverse component force, the stern transverse component force and the longitudinal component force of the water flow force received by the mooring boat are obtained by adopting the following specific methods:
determining the flow velocity VcAnd flow direction angle information; determining transverse component coefficient C of bow water flow force by interpolation methodxbcAnd the transverse component coefficient C of stern water flowxqc(ii) a Calculating the transverse orthographic projection area A below the waterline of the ship according to the ship load ton DWxc；
Calculating the transverse component F of the water flow according to the informationxbcAnd stern transverse component force Fxqc；
Determining the kinematic viscosity coefficient mu of water by an interpolation method;
according to flow velocity VcLength L of draft line of ship1Calculating Reynolds number Re with the kinematic viscosity coefficient mu of water;
calculating the longitudinal component force coefficient C of the water flow force of the ship according to the Reynolds number Reyc；
According to the length L of the ship, the draft d of the ship and the square coefficient C of the shipbAnd width B of shipmCalculating the surface area A below the waterline of the shipc；
According to flow velocity VcFlow direction angle, water flow force longitudinal component coefficient CycAnd surface area A below the waterlinecCalculating the ship borne byLongitudinal component F of water flow forceyc。
Further, the resultant force of the wind current external force borne by the anchor mooring ship before (after) loading (unloading) is obtained by adopting the following method:
transverse component F according to wind pressure borne by shipxwAnd the transverse component F of the bow of the shipxbcAnd stern transverse component force FxqcCalculating transverse component force F of wind flow external force borne by shipx；
Longitudinal component F according to wind pressure borne by shipywAnd the longitudinal component F of the water flow force borne by the shipycCalculating longitudinal component F of wind current external force borne by shipy；
According to the transverse component F of the wind flow external force applied to the shipxAnd the longitudinal component F of the wind flow external force applied to the shipyCalculating wind current external force T borne by ship0。
Further, the catenary length of the ship throwing out the anchor chain and the chain-out angle of the throwing out anchor chain adopt the following modes:
according to the vertical distance h from the anchor chain hole of the ship to the seabed0Weight of unit chain length in water omegac(about 0.87 times of weight in air) and the external force T of wind current borne by the ship0Calculating the length s of a catenary chain of the thrown anchor chain;
according to the vertical distance h from the anchor chain hole of the ship to the seabed0And calculating the chain outlet angle alpha of the anchor chain according to the catenary length s of the thrown anchor chain.
Further, the corrected value of the weight-measuring error of the anchor chain tension water-sensitive gauge is obtained by adopting the following method:
horizontal component force F according to anchor chain tension1Calculating the vertical component F of the tension of the anchor chain according to the chain outlet angle alpha of the thrown anchor chain2；
F2＝F1tanα
Repeatedly operating the whole process to respectively calculate the vertical component force F of the anchor chain before and after loading and unloading goods2And F2'；
Calculating a correction value delta of the weighing error of the anchor chain tension water-sensitive gauge:
Δ＝|F2-F2'|。
by adopting the technical scheme, the correction method for the weight measuring error of the anchor chain tension-induced water gauge provided by the invention can effectively reduce the system error caused by the vertical component force of the anchor chain to the weight measuring of the water gauge, improves the weight measuring precision of the water gauge of the bulk cargo ship, and is a theoretical innovation for the weight measuring technology of the water gauge; but also can establish the foundation for the follow-up works such as modifying international and domestic water gauge weighing rules, updating the bulk carrier loading instrument and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single moored vessel stress analysis in the background art of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention:
as shown in fig. 2, the method for correcting the weight measurement error of the anchor chain tension induced water gauge specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: calculating the wind pressure borne by the anchor mooring ship according to a Port engineering load Specification (JTS144-1-2010) (hereinafter referred to as the Specification), and respectively calculating the transverse component force and the longitudinal component force of the wind pressure borne by the anchor mooring ship;
s2: calculating the magnitude of the water flow force borne by the anchor mooring ship according to the Standard, and respectively calculating the transverse component force of the bow, the transverse component force of the stern and the longitudinal component force of the water flow force borne by the anchor mooring ship;
s3: calculating the resultant force of the wind flow external force borne by the anchor mooring ship before cargo loading (unloading) and after cargo loading (unloading) based on the calculation results obtained in S1 and S2;
s4: and calculating the catenary length and the out-link angle of the ship throwing anchor chain based on the calculation result obtained in the step S3 and the anchoring characteristic of the single-anchored ship: calculating the catenary length of the anchor chain thrown out by the ship according to the calculated wind flow external force borne by the mooring ship, and then calculating the chain outlet angle of the thrown anchor chain according to the length of the catenary;
s5: based on the calculation results of S3 and S4, a correction value for the weight error of the anchor chain tension induced water gauge is calculated.
Further, the following method is specifically adopted in S1:
s11: according to the actually measured wind speed and wind side angle data, the transverse component V of the wind speed is calculatedxAnd a longitudinal component Vy；
S12: according to the data provided in the table 1, the transverse wind area A of the wind pressure acting on the ship body is determined by adopting an interpolation methodxwAnd the longitudinal wind area Ayw；
TABLE 1 wind area table of bulk cargo ship
Figure BDA0002583839270000041
S13: determining the wind pressure non-uniform reduction coefficient zeta by adopting an interpolation method according to the data provided in the table 21；
TABLE 2 uneven wind pressure reduction coefficient ζ1Watch (A)
Figure BDA0002583839270000042
S14: determining the wind pressure variation correction coefficient ζ by interpolation based on the data provided in Table 32；
TABLE 3 correction coefficient ζ for changes in wind pressure2Watch (A)
Figure BDA0002583839270000043
S15: according to S11, S12,The results obtained from S13 and S14 calculate the transverse component F of the wind pressure borne by the shipxwAnd a longitudinal component Fyw。
Fxw＝73.6×10-5AxwVx 2ζ1ζ2
Fyw＝49.0×10-5AywVy 2ζ1ζ2
The following method is specifically adopted in S2:
s21: determining the flow velocity V and the flow angle (the bow of the ship usually flows to the top when the ship is anchored, so the flow angle is usually 0-15 degrees)
S22: determining the transverse component coefficient C of the fore water flow force by interpolation according to the data provided in the table 4xbcAnd the transverse component coefficient C of stern water flowxqc；
TABLE 4 transverse component coefficient of water flow at the head and tail of ship
Figure BDA0002583839270000051
S23: calculating the transverse orthographic projection area A below the waterline of the ship according to the ship load ton DWxc；
logAxc＝0.484+0.612log(DW)
S24: calculating the transverse component F of the water flow according to the calculation results of S11, S12 and S13xbcAnd stern transverse component force Fxqc；
Figure BDA0002583839270000052
Figure BDA0002583839270000053
S25: determining the kinematic viscosity coefficient mu of the water by interpolation according to the data provided in Table 5;
TABLE 5 coefficient of kinematic viscosity of water table
Figure BDA0002583839270000054
S26: according to the flow velocity V and the length L of the draft line of the ship1Calculating Reynolds number Re with the kinematic viscosity coefficient mu of water;
Figure BDA0002583839270000061
s27: calculating the longitudinal component coefficient C of the water flow force of the ship according to the calculation result of S26yc；
Cyc＝0.046Re-0.134+0.006
S28: according to the length L of the ship, the draft d of the ship and the square coefficient C of the shipbAnd width B of shipmCalculating the surface area A below the waterline of the shipc；
Ac＝1.7Ld+CbLBm
S29: calculating the longitudinal component F of the water flow force borne by the ship according to the calculation results of S21, S27 and S28yc。
Figure BDA0002583839270000062
The following method is specifically adopted in S3:
s31: transverse component F according to wind pressure borne by shipxwAnd the transverse component F of the bow of the shipxbcAnd stern transverse component force FxqcCalculating transverse component force F of wind flow external force borne by shipx；
Fx＝Fxw+Fxbc+Fxqc
S32: transverse component F according to wind pressure borne by shipywAnd the longitudinal component F of the water flow force borne by the shipycCalculating longitudinal component F of wind current external force borne by shipy；
F＝F+F
yywyc
S33: according to S31 ands32, calculating the external force T of the wind current borne by the ship according to the calculation result0(i.e. horizontal component F of chain tension1)；
Figure BDA0002583839270000063
The following method is specifically adopted in S4:
s41: according to the vertical distance h from the anchor chain hole of the ship to the seabed0Weight of unit chain length in water omegac(about 0.87 times the weight of the chain length in air) and the external force T of the wind current to which the ship is subjected0Calculating the length s of a catenary chain of the thrown anchor chain;
Figure BDA0002583839270000064
s42: according to the vertical distance h from the anchor chain hole of the ship to the seabed0And calculating the chain outlet angle alpha of the anchor chain according to the catenary length s of the thrown anchor chain:
Figure BDA0002583839270000071
the following method is specifically adopted in S5:
s51: horizontal component force F according to anchor chain tension1Calculating the vertical component F of the tension of the anchor chain according to the chain outlet angle alpha of the thrown anchor chain2；
F2＝F1tanα
S52: repeating S11-S52, calculating vertical component F of anchor chain after loading (unloading)2'；
S53: and calculating a correction value delta of the weighing error of the anchor chain tension water-induced gauge.
Δ＝|F2-F2'|
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A correction method for a weight measurement error of an anchor chain tension water gauge is characterized by comprising the following steps:
calculating the transverse component force and the longitudinal component force of the wind pressure borne by the anchoring ship;
respectively calculating the fore transverse component force, the stern transverse component force and the longitudinal component force of the water flow force borne by the anchor mooring ship;
analyzing the resultant force of wind flow external force borne by the anchor mooring ship before and after loading and unloading goods based on wind pressure and water flow force;
acquiring the catenary length of the anchor chain thrown out by the ship according to the wind flow external force borne by the mooring ship, and calculating the chain outlet angle of the thrown anchor chain according to the catenary length;
respectively calculating the vertical component of the tension of the anchor chain before and after loading and unloading according to the resultant force of the wind current external force borne by the anchor mooring ship before and after loading and unloading, the catenary length of the anchor chain thrown out by the ship and the outlet angle information of the thrown anchor chain, and further solving the corrected value of the weighing error of the anchor chain tension water-induced gauge;
the resultant force of the wind current external force borne by the anchor mooring ship before and after loading and unloading is obtained by adopting the following method:
transverse component F according to wind pressure borne by shipxwAnd the transverse component F of the bow of the shipxbcAnd stern transverse component force FxqcCalculating transverse component force F of wind flow external force borne by shipx；
Longitudinal component F according to wind pressure borne by shipywAnd the longitudinal component F of the water flow force borne by the shipycCalculating longitudinal component F of wind current external force borne by shipy；
According to the transverse component F of the wind flow external force applied to the shipxAnd the longitudinal component F of the wind flow external force applied to the shipyCalculating wind current external force T borne by ship0。
2. The method for correcting the weight error of the anchor chain tension water gauge according to claim 1, further comprising: the transverse component force and the longitudinal component force of the wind pressure borne by the anchoring ship specifically adopt the following modes:
calculating the lateral component V of the wind speed from the wind speed and the wind anglexwAnd the longitudinal component V of the wind speedyw；
Method for determining transverse wind area A of wind pressure acting on ship body by interpolationxwAnd the longitudinal wind area AywZeta, uneven wind pressure reduction coefficient1And correction coefficient ζ of wind pressure variation2Calculating the transverse component F of the wind pressure applied to the ship according to the dataxwAnd a longitudinal component Fyw。
3. The method for correcting the weight error of the anchor chain tension water gauge according to claim 1, further comprising: the bow transverse component, the stern transverse component and the longitudinal component of the water flow force borne by the anchoring ship are obtained by adopting the following specific methods:
determining the flow velocity VcAnd flow direction angle information; determining transverse component coefficient C of bow water flow force by interpolation methodxbcAnd the transverse component coefficient C of stern water flowxqc(ii) a Calculating the transverse orthographic projection area A below the waterline of the ship according to the ship load ton DWxc；
Calculating the transverse component F of the water flow according to the informationxbcAnd stern transverse component force Fxqc；
Determining the kinematic viscosity coefficient mu of water by an interpolation method;
according to flow velocity VcLength L of draft line of ship1Calculating Reynolds number Re with the kinematic viscosity coefficient mu of water;
calculating the longitudinal component force coefficient C of the water flow force of the ship according to the Reynolds number Reyc；
According to the length L of the ship, the draft d of the ship and the square coefficient C of the shipbAnd width B of shipmCalculating the surface area A below the waterline of the shipc；
According to flow velocity VcFlow direction angle, water flow force longitudinal component coefficient CycAnd surface area A below the waterlinecCalculating longitudinal component F of water flow force borne by shipyc。
4. The method for correcting the weight error of the anchor chain tension water gauge according to claim 1, further comprising: the catenary length of the ship throwing out the anchor chain and the chain-throwing angle of the throwing out anchor chain adopt the following modes:
according to the vertical distance h from the anchor chain hole of the ship to the seabed0Weight of unit chain length in water omegacAnd the external force T of wind current borne by the ship0Calculating the length s of a catenary chain of the thrown anchor chain;
according to the vertical distance h from the anchor chain hole of the ship to the seabed0And calculating the chain outlet angle alpha of the anchor chain according to the catenary length s of the thrown anchor chain.
5. The method for correcting the weight error of the anchor chain tension water gauge according to claim 1, further comprising: the correction value of the weight error of the anchor chain tension water-sensitive gauge is obtained by adopting the following method:
horizontal component force F according to anchor chain tension1Calculating the vertical component F of the tension of the anchor chain according to the chain outlet angle alpha of the thrown anchor chain2；
F2＝F1 tanα
Repeatedly operating the whole process to respectively calculate the vertical component force F of the anchor chain before and after loading and unloading goods2And F2'；
Calculating a correction value delta of the weighing error of the anchor chain tension water-sensitive gauge:
Δ＝|F2-F2'|。
CN202010675337.8A 2020-07-14 2020-07-14 Correction method for weight measurement error of anchor chain tension water-sensitive gauge Expired - Fee Related CN111806648B (en)

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