CN111800425B - Embedded data acquisition and processing system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an embedded data acquisition and processing system, which comprises: the data acquisition module is used for acquiring signal data at regular time; the data processing module is used for calculating and converting the acquired signal data into corresponding physical quantity, packaging the signal data into a standard data packet format according to a data information coding rule and performing data compression processing; the data analysis module is used for analyzing and judging the acquired state data of the operating working parameters, obtaining a state curve and transmitting the analysis result to the fault early warning module; the data storage module is used for storing the analysis results into the data storage module in a classified manner according to the fault coding format; the fault early warning module is used for calculating the probability of equipment fault and giving corresponding fault indication and early warning; the data communication module is used for sending the data processing result to the running state monitoring module; the data export module is communicated with the equipment data communication module through a USB port; and the terminal setting module responds to a terminal setting command sent by the upper computer and performs response processing and result feedback.

Description

Embedded data acquisition and processing system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of data acquisition and processing, in particular to an embedded data acquisition and processing system.

Background

At present, equipment intellectualization and informatization steps continuously and rapidly advance, and research, design and production departments urgently need to acquire defects of active equipment in the working operation process of a use unit, task requirements of troops and the like, so that various equipment information such as technical state parameter values and maintenance data appearing in the working operation or task execution process of the equipment are timely fed back to the scientific research and production departments, decision basis can be provided for design improvement of reliability, maintainability, testability, supportability, safety and environmental adaptability of the equipment, and the equipment which is good in use, effective, practical and durable is practically developed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an embedded data acquisition and processing system and method. The embedded information fusion system provides a basis for the application of equipment data information in the work of use guarantee such as training process monitoring, equipment maintenance such as fault analysis and fault prediction, equipment management such as combat readiness integrity check and the like. The embedded data acquisition and processing system realizes the functions of data acquisition, data conversion, data transmission, data analysis, data classification, data storage, information coding and the like of the state information of the required operating working parameters by controlling the hardware of the embedded fusion equipment, and realizes the functions of fault judgment, fault alarm, fault indication and the like.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an embedded data acquisition and processing system comprising:

the data acquisition module is used for acquiring signal data from the bus at regular time by the embedded processor through USB, CAN, RS232 and RS485 communication buses and the analog quantity acquisition module;

the data processing module is used for calculating and converting the acquired signal data into corresponding physical quantity, packaging the signal data into a standard data packet format according to a data information coding rule, compressing the data and the like;

the data analysis module is used for analyzing and judging the acquired state data of the operating working parameters, obtaining a state curve, and transmitting the analysis result to the fault early warning module if a fault occurs;

the data storage module is used for generating corresponding fault codes if faults exist in the results after data analysis, and storing the fault codes into the data storage module in a classified manner according to a fault coding format;

the fault early warning module is used for calculating the probability of equipment fault according to the result and the state curve of data analysis, giving corresponding fault indication and early warning in time and avoiding fault risks;

the data communication module is used for sending the data processing result to the equipment running state monitoring module through the internet access to realize the monitoring of the running working parameters;

the data export module is communicated with the data communication module through a USB port to export the operating parameter data of the data storage module to an upper computer;

the terminal setting module responds to a terminal setting command sent by the upper computer, and carries out response processing and result feedback, wherein the response processing and result feedback comprise configuration of communication parameters, communication time, equipment information and acquisition parameter data of terminal equipment; the embedded information fusion equipment is suitable for various use occasions through the terminal setting module.

Further, the data processing module encodes and encapsulates the acquired data into standard data frames according to data information and performs data compression; data compression adopts an improved run length coding and LZW coding mixed compression method to carry out data compression, and adopts RC4 to carry out data encryption; firstly, opening a memory space in an embedded processor, storing acquired data in the memory space, encrypting the data when the acquired data reaches 2Kbytes, then compressing the data by using an improved run length coding and LZW mixed compression method, and then storing the data in an NAND FLASH; the improved run-length coding and LZW mixed compression comprises the following steps:

firstly, judging whether data are repeated or not when data are collected;

secondly, if the data is new data, performing run-length counting reset, performing RC4 encryption operation, namely performing XOR operation with the sub-key sequence, performing LZW compression operation on the encrypted data again, and then storing the encrypted data;

and thirdly, if the data are repeated, carrying out XOR operation on the run count and the subkey by the run count +1, and updating the run count.

Further, the data storage module comprises 4 pieces of K9FAG08, the storage capacity of each piece is 2GB, data storage and reading are carried out by page, the size of each page is 2K +64Bytes, pages 128 form 1 block, and 1 piece of K9FAG08 is 8192 blocks.

Further, the data communication module is used for initializing the CAN bus, sending messages and receiving messages;

the CAN bus initialization comprises working mode setting, baud rate setting, receiving filter mode setting and interrupt permission register setting, and a master control CAN interrupt source needs to be closed before initialization; the initialization operation process of the CAN bus comprises the following steps:

step 1, after an initialization task starts, shielding a CAN interruption source;

step 2, after the shielding is finished, configuring an acceptance shielding register, and successfully updating the configuration;

step 3, configuring a mode register;

step 4, configuring an acceptance code register;

step 5, configuring an acceptance mask register after completion;

step 6, configuring a bus timing register;

step 7, configuring an output control register;

and 8, configuring an output control register.

And after all the configuration items are completed, opening a CAN interrupt source and giving a complete initialization signal.

Further, the data communication module sending submodule is used for realizing the sending of the message, converting the message to be sent into a preset data frame format, storing the preset data frame format in a communication controller cache area, and then sending the preset data frame format to the bus through the transceiver; before loading data into a cache region, firstly judging the state of the cache region to see whether the data is being sent or is released; at this time, two state registers TCS and TBS are needed, and if TCS & TBS =1, it indicates that the buffer is empty, and a message may be sent; if TCS & TBS =0, it represents that the buffer is transmitting data and needs to continue waiting;

the data communication module sending submodule is responsible for processing bus separation, receiving overflow and error alarm conditions besides receiving messages; the message receiving mode is an interruption mode;

after data reception starts, firstly, initializing an interrupt, wherein the sequence is setting an interrupt mode of a microcontroller, setting a receiving interrupt enabling flag bit, receiving an interrupt service program inlet, and then further judging whether the interrupt is received or not, and directly jumping to a service program outlet if the interrupt is not received; if the interrupt is received, reading and storing the data in the receiving buffer area are sequentially executed, the receiving buffer area is released, and then the receiving interrupt service program is entered into the receiving interrupt service program outlet, so that the receiving operation of the data is completed.

Furthermore, the data analysis module and the fault early warning module analyze and judge the acquired data in real time, judge the acquired data and the boundary value, compare the data in the normal working state and the fault state, analyze the possibility of sporadic occurrence and analyze whether potential risks exist or not; when frequent and accidental events are detected, giving early warning settings, transmitting the early warning settings to a status indicator lamp, and reminding a user that the current equipment has faults and needs to be checked in time;

after data analysis is started, firstly, comparing received data, comparing the data with a preset data boundary, and then judging whether the data is out of range; if the data is out of range, comparing the historical data, if the historical data is compared, judging that the data is usable, and judging whether the data is effective; if the data is not out of range, directly entering the step of judging whether the data is valid; after the data is judged to be valid, the operation of sending the data to a storage buffer area is carried out; if the historical data are compared, judging whether the accidental events are frequent or not, and if the accidental events are frequent, performing early warning; if not, then the operation is sent to the store buffer.

Further, the data export module detects two export modes, namely a USB mode and a network interface mode, simultaneously during data export, wherein the two modes are automatically executed, and data are automatically exported after USB equipment or a network cable is inserted into an interface; the USB equipment export flow is that firstly judging whether the USB equipment enumerates successfully or not, judging whether the USB equipment exists or not, if so, executing the operation of exporting the historical data, and finishing the operation after exporting the historical data; the operation flow of the network interface is that firstly the communication protocol judges whether the portable processing terminal is specially used for receiving data, if so, the real-time data is uploaded, and if the portable processing terminal is successfully received, the operation is ended.

Has the advantages that:

the embedded data acquisition and processing system can meet the data acquisition and processing requirements of various equipment, and can give an alarm and indicate when the data of the equipment is abnormal through the built-in data and analysis functions, so that the pertinence and the scientificity of equipment maintenance can be greatly improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of an embedded data acquisition and processing analysis system;

FIG. 2 is a data processing flow of embedded application software;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of modified run-length encoded data compression;

FIG. 4 LZW data compression flow diagram;

FIG. 5 is a NAND FLASH bad block detection and block erase flow diagram;

FIG. 6 NAND FLASH page programming and page read flow diagrams;

FIG. 7 CAN initialization flow diagram;

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a CAN transmission subroutine;

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a CAN reception subroutine;

FIG. 10 is a flow chart of data analysis and early warning determination;

FIG. 11 is a data export flow diagram.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention without creative efforts.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the embedded data acquisition, processing and analysis system adopts a Linux system kernel to realize the functions of data acquisition, data encoding and processing, data analysis, data storage, data communication, fault early warning, data export and the like. The functional structure of an embedded processing system is shown in fig. 1.

The invention realizes the acquisition, processing and analysis of equipment data based on an embedded system, realizes the on-line acquisition, processing, analysis, storage and fault early warning of the equipment data, does not need manual intervention in the whole process, and is automatically completed by equipment. The collection process does not need to be connected with external equipment (such as a computer, a tablet personal computer and the like), and the processing and the arrangement of equipment fault data can be finished by the built-in function module. Compared with the existing data acquisition and processing system, the embedded data acquisition and processing system can realize the state synchronization with the equipment, record and store the equipment state data in the whole process of the equipment operation, analyze and process the data in real time, and give an alarm signal when the data exceeds a set threshold value.

The functional modules are summarized as follows:

1. the data acquisition module acquires signal data from a bus by an embedded processor through a USB, a CAN, RS232 and RS485 communication bus and an analog quantity acquisition timing slave bus.

2. And the data processing module calculates and converts the acquired signal data into corresponding physical quantity, and encapsulates the signal data into a standard data packet format according to a data information coding rule, compresses data and the like.

3. The data analysis module analyzes and judges the acquired state data of the operating working parameters, obtains a state curve, and transmits the analysis result to the fault early warning module if a fault occurs.

4. And the data storage module stores the result after data analysis (if a fault exists, a corresponding fault code is generated) to the data storage module in a classified manner according to a fault coding format.

5. And the fault early warning module calculates the probability of equipment failure according to the result and the state curve of data analysis, and gives corresponding fault indication and early warning in time to avoid fault risk.

6. The data communication module sends the data processing result to the running state monitoring module of the equipment state analysis and management software through the internet access, so that the running working parameters are monitored.

7. The data export module communicates with a data communication module of the equipment state analysis and management software through a USB port, and the running working parameter data of the data storage module is exported to an upper computer.

8. The terminal setting module responds to a terminal setting command sent by the upper computer, and carries out response processing and result feedback, wherein the processing comprises configuration of data such as communication parameters, communication time, equipment information and acquisition parameters of the terminal equipment. The embedded information fusion equipment can adapt to various use occasions through the terminal setting module.

The data flow processing flow of an embedded data collection and processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 2. The data acquisition module receives communication data and analog data of equipment, and then sends the acquired data to the data processing module to convert the data into physical quantity, and the physical quantity can be directly transmitted to the data interface through the data communication module, and can also be transmitted to a processor of the embedded terminal for data analysis. And if the data analysis result is judged to be a fault, fault early warning is carried out, and all the results of the data analysis can be stored. When the upper computer software manages the embedded terminal, parameters of the embedded terminal can be set through the terminal setting module, data exporting operation can be performed on the data storage module, and a data file is generated.

The invention realizes the following modules for collecting, processing and analyzing the equipment data based on an embedded system:

1. data acquisition module

And the data acquisition module acquires signal data from the bus at regular time by the embedded processor through USB, CAN, RS232 and RS485 communication buses and analog quantity acquisition.

2. Data processing module

And the data processing module encodes and encapsulates the acquired data into standard data frames according to the data information and compresses the data. The data compression adopts the improved run length coding and LZW coding mixed compression method to carry out data compression, and adopts RC4 to carry out data encryption. Aiming at the characteristics of equipment data stream, the invention designs a data compression coding method combining improved run length coding and LZW coding.

The improved run-length coding algorithm has better compression effect under the condition that the repetition times of the whole data stream are higher, the implementation is simpler, the compression speed is extremely high, part of data acquired in the information fusion system has a predictable stable state, and the improved run-length coding algorithm is more suitable for the part of data. Secondly, the LZW algorithm has the most ideal effect on compressing ordinary text files with moderate size, the acquired data can be stored as text files, and the storage size is controlled in a proper range according to actual conditions.

Firstly, opening up (2K + 64) Bytes memory space in the embedded processor, storing the acquired data in the memory space, encrypting the data when the acquired data reaches 2Kbytes, then compressing the data by using improved run length coding and LZW mixture, and then storing the data in the NAND FLASH.

Referring to fig. 3, a hybrid compression algorithm flow of the improved flow encoding algorithm, the LZW encoding compression and the RC4 encryption algorithm is shown. The flow chart means that a data judgment and a data XOR sub-key (RC 4 encryption) are added on the basis of a flow encoding algorithm. The specific process is as follows:

firstly, judging whether data are repeated or not when data are collected;

secondly, if the data is new data, performing run-length counting reset, performing RC4 encryption operation (performing XOR operation with the sub-key sequence), performing LZW compression operation on the encrypted data again, and then storing the encrypted data;

and thirdly, if the data are repeated, carrying out XOR operation on the run count and the subkey by the run count +1, and updating the run count.

The LZW data compression algorithm is shown in fig. 4.

3. Data storage module

The data storage module comprises 4 pieces of K9FAG08, the storage capacity of each piece is 2GB, data storage and data reading are carried out according to pages, the size of each page is (2K + 64) Bytes,128 pages form 1 block, and 1 piece of K9FAG08 comprises 8192 blocks.

The data storage mainly comprises 4 basic operations, namely bad block detection, block erasing, page programming and page reading, and the basic flow chart of the operations is shown in figure 5 and figure 6.

4. Data communication module

The CAN bus communication design mainly supports two message formats, one is CAN2.0A, namely Basic CAN, 11 is ID code, the other is CAN2.0B, also called PeliCAN, 29 is ID code, peliCAN has more excellent communication performance and is compatible with Basic CAN, so that PeliCAN is the mainstream design scheme of CAN communication at present, and the CAN communication flow method mainly comprises CAN bus initialization, message sending and message receiving.

The main content of CAN bus initialization comprises working mode setting, baud rate setting, receiving filter mode setting, interrupt permission register setting and the like, but a master CAN interrupt source must be closed before initialization.

The initialization operation process of the CAN bus is as shown in FIG. 7:

step 1, after an initialization task starts, shielding a CAN interruption source;

step 2, after the shielding is finished, configuring an acceptance shielding register, and successfully updating the configuration;

step 3, configuring a mode register;

step 4, configuring an acceptance code register;

step 5, configuring an acceptance mask register after completion;

step 6, configuring a bus timing register;

step 7, configuring an output control register;

and 8, configuring an output control register.

And after all the configuration items are completed, opening a CAN interrupt source and giving a complete initialization signal.

As shown in fig. 8, the sending subroutine is used to implement sending of a message, convert the message to be sent into a specific data frame format, store the specific data frame format in the buffer of the communication controller, and then send the message to the bus via the transceiver. Before loading data into the buffer, the state of the buffer should be first determined to see if it is being sent or has been released. At this time, two state registers TCS and TBS are needed, and if TCS & TBS =1, it indicates that the buffer is empty, and a message may be sent; if TCS & TBS =0, it means that the buffer is transmitting data, and it is necessary to continue waiting. The flow of the sending subroutine is shown in the figure.

Besides receiving messages, the receiving subprogram also needs to process the conditions of bus separation, receiving overflow, error alarm and the like. Two modes of message reception are allowed: a query mode and an interrupt mode. In order to meet the real-time requirement of steer-by-wire as much as possible, an interruption mode is selected. Fig. 9 is a flow chart of interrupt mode received data.

After the data reception is started, firstly, the interrupt is initialized in the sequence of setting the interrupt mode of the microcontroller, setting the interrupt enable flag bit, receiving the interrupt service program inlet, and then, whether the interrupt is received or not is further judged, and if the interrupt is not received, the service program outlet is directly jumped to. How to receive the interrupt, sequentially executing reading and storing the data in the receiving buffer area-releasing the receiving buffer area, and then entering the receiving interrupt service program outlet, thereby completing the receiving operation of the data.

5. Data analysis and early warning module

The method mainly comprises the steps of analyzing and judging acquired data in real time, judging the acquired data with a boundary value, comparing data in a normal working state and data in a fault state, analyzing the possibility of sporadic occurrence of the data, and analyzing whether potential risks exist or not. When frequent and accidental events are detected, early warning setting is given, and the early warning setting is transmitted to a state indicator lamp to remind a user of the possibility that the current equipment has faults and needs to be checked in time. The more historical data that is accumulated, the more sensitive and accurate the warning mechanism.

After data analysis is started, firstly, comparing received data, comparing the data with a preset data boundary, and then judging whether the data is out of range; if the data is out of range, comparing the historical data, if the historical data is compared, judging that the data is a sporadic event, considering that the data can be used, and judging whether the data is effective. If the data is not out of range, directly entering the step of judging whether the data is valid or not. And after the data is judged to be valid, sending the data to the storage buffer area. And if the historical data is compared, judging whether the accidental events occur frequently or not, and if the accidental events occur frequently, carrying out early warning. If not, then the operation is sent to the store buffer.

6. Data export module

The device host has no display unit, the interactive interface has only USB port and network interface, when accessing USB memory device, it can export the history data, when the network interface is connected to the portable processing terminal, it can complete the on-line transmission of data through the encryption protocol.

When data is exported, two exporting modes, namely a USB mode and a network interface mode, are detected simultaneously, the two modes are automatically executed, and data is automatically exported after USB equipment or a network cable is inserted into an interface. The USB device export process comprises the steps of firstly judging whether the USB device is enumerated successfully or not, judging whether the USB device exists or not, if so, executing the operation of exporting the historical data, and finishing the operation after the historical data is exported. The operation flow of the network interface is that firstly, the communication protocol judges whether the portable processing terminal is specially used for receiving data, if so, the real-time data is uploaded, and if the portable processing terminal is successfully received, the operation is ended.

Although illustrative embodiments of the present invention have been described above to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, but various changes may be apparent to those skilled in the art, and it is intended that all inventive concepts utilizing the inventive concepts set forth herein be protected without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and limited by the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. An embedded data acquisition and processing system, comprising:

the data acquisition module is used for acquiring signal data from the bus at regular time by the embedded processor through USB, CAN, RS232 and RS485 communication buses and the analog quantity acquisition module;

the data processing module is used for calculating and converting the acquired signal data into corresponding physical quantity, packaging the signal data into a standard data packet format according to a data information coding rule and performing data compression processing; the data processing module encodes and encapsulates the acquired data into standard data frames according to data information and performs data compression; data compression adopts an improved run length coding and LZW coding mixed compression method to carry out data compression, and adopts RC4 to carry out data encryption; firstly, opening a memory space in an embedded processor, storing acquired data in the memory space, encrypting the data when the acquired data reaches 2Kbytes, then compressing the data by using an improved run length coding and LZW mixed compression method, and then storing the data in a NAND FLASH; the improved run-length coding and LZW mixed compression comprises the following steps:

firstly, judging whether data are repeated or not when data are collected;

secondly, if the data is new data, performing run-length counting reset, performing RC4 encryption operation, namely performing XOR operation with the sub-key sequence, performing LZW compression operation on the encrypted data again, and then storing the encrypted data;

thirdly, if the data are repeated, the run count is +1, and the run count and the sub-key are subjected to XOR operation to update the run count;

the data analysis module is used for analyzing and judging the acquired state data of the operating working parameters, obtaining a state curve, and transmitting the analysis result to the fault early warning module if a fault occurs;

the data storage module is used for generating corresponding fault codes if faults exist in the results after data analysis, and storing the fault codes into the data storage module according to the fault code format in a classified manner;

the fault early warning module is used for calculating the probability of equipment fault according to the result and the state curve of data analysis, giving corresponding fault indication and early warning in time and avoiding fault risks; the data analysis module and the fault early warning module analyze and judge the acquired data in real time, judge the acquired data and the boundary value, compare the data in a normal working state and a fault state, analyze the possibility of sporadic occurrence of the data and analyze whether potential risks exist or not; when frequent and accidental events are detected, giving early warning settings, transmitting the early warning settings to a status indicator lamp, and reminding a user that the current equipment has faults and needs to be checked in time;

after data analysis is started, firstly, comparing received data, comparing the data with a preset data boundary, and then judging whether the data is out of range; if the data is out of range, comparing the historical data, if the historical data is compared, judging that the data is usable, and judging whether the data is effective; if the data is not out of range, directly entering the step of judging whether the data is valid; after the data is judged to be valid, the operation of sending the data to a storage buffer area is carried out; if the historical data is compared, judging whether the accidental events occur frequently or not, and if the accidental events occur frequently, carrying out early warning; if the events are not frequent events, the operation of sending the events to the storage buffer is carried out;

the data communication module is used for sending the data processing result to the equipment running state monitoring module through the internet access to realize the monitoring of the running working parameters; the data export module is communicated with the data communication module through a USB port to export the operating parameter data of the data storage module to an upper computer; the data export module is used for simultaneously detecting two export modes, namely a USB mode and a network interface mode, during data export, wherein the two modes are automatically executed, and data are automatically exported after USB equipment or a network cable is inserted into an interface; the USB equipment export flow is that firstly judging whether the USB equipment enumerates successfully or not, judging whether the USB equipment exists or not, if so, executing the operation of exporting the historical data, and finishing the operation after exporting the historical data; the operation flow of the network interface is that firstly, the communication protocol judges whether the portable processing terminal is specially used for receiving data, if so, the real-time data is uploaded, and if the portable processing terminal is successfully received, the operation is ended;

and the terminal setting module responds to a terminal setting command sent by the upper computer, and performs response processing and result feedback, including configuration of communication parameters, communication time, equipment information and acquisition parameter data of the terminal equipment.

2. The embedded data acquisition and processing system according to claim 1, wherein the data storage module comprises 4K 9FAG08, each piece has a storage capacity of 2GB, data storage and reading are performed by page, each page has a size of 2k +64bytes, pages 128 constitute 1 block, and 1K 9FAG08 consists of 8192 blocks.

3. The embedded data acquisition and processing system of claim 1, wherein the data communication module is configured to perform CAN bus initialization, message sending, and message receiving;

the CAN bus initialization comprises working mode setting, baud rate setting, receiving filter mode setting and interrupt permission register setting, and a master control CAN interrupt source must be closed before initialization; the initialization operation process of the CAN bus comprises the following steps:

step 1, after an initialization task starts, shielding a CAN interruption source;

step 2, after the shielding is finished, configuring an acceptance shielding register, and successfully updating the configuration;

step 3, configuring a mode register;

step 4, configuring a checking and accepting code register;

step 5, configuring an acceptance mask register after completion;

step 6, configuring a bus timing register;

step 7, configuring an output control register;

step 8, configuring an output control register;

and after all the configuration items are completed, opening a CAN interrupt source and giving a complete initialization signal.

4. The embedded data acquisition and processing system according to claim 3, wherein the data communication module transmission submodule is configured to implement transmission of a message, convert the message to be transmitted into a predetermined data frame format, store the predetermined data frame format in the communication controller buffer, and transmit the predetermined data frame format to the bus via the transceiver; before loading data into a cache region, firstly judging the state of the cache region to see whether the data is being sent or is released; at this time, two state registers TCS and TBS are needed, and if TCS & TBS =1, it indicates that the buffer is empty, and a message may be sent; if TCS & TBS =0, it represents that the buffer is transmitting data and needs to continue waiting;

the data communication module sending submodule is responsible for processing bus separation, receiving overflow and error alarm conditions besides receiving messages; the message receiving mode is an interruption mode;

after data reception starts, firstly, initializing an interrupt, wherein the sequence is setting an interrupt mode of a microcontroller, setting a receiving interrupt enabling flag bit, receiving an interrupt service program inlet, and then further judging whether the interrupt is received or not, and directly jumping to a service program outlet if the interrupt is not received; if the interrupt is received, reading and storing the data in the receiving buffer area are sequentially executed, the receiving buffer area is released, and then the receiving interrupt service program is entered into the receiving interrupt service program outlet, so that the receiving operation of the data is completed.

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