CN111796073A - Physicochemical data acquisition device for chemical fertilizer stress contaminated soil - Google Patents
Physicochemical data acquisition device for chemical fertilizer stress contaminated soil Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 178
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006353 environmental stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
- G01N33/245—Earth materials for agricultural purposes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a physicochemical data acquisition device for fertilizer stress contaminated soil, which comprises an assembly frame, an acquisition assembly and a power assembly, wherein the assembly frame is used for providing installation conditions for the acquisition assembly and the power assembly; the collecting assembly comprises an outer pipe, an inner pipe, a collecting pipe, a pressure rod and a soil detector, the outer pipe is arranged on the assembling frame, a soil collecting hopper is sleeved on the outer pipe, the inner pipe is sleeved inside the outer pipe, a soil guide spiral and a soil drilling sleeve are sleeved on the inner pipe, a soil sealing assembly is arranged inside the inner pipe, the collecting pipe is sleeved inside the inner pipe and clamped with the soil sealing assembly, the soil detector is arranged on the movable plate, the pressure rod is sleeved inside the collecting pipe, a soil data collecting probe is arranged on the pressure rod, and the soil data collecting probe is electrically connected with the soil detector; the power assembly respectively provides power for the inner pipe and the assembly frame; the invention has reasonable structural design, convenient soil physical and chemical data acquisition and high reliability, and is suitable for mass popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil detection equipment, in particular to a physicochemical data acquisition device for chemical fertilizer stress contaminated soil.
Background
Environmental stress refers to the stress of the environment on the living state of an organism, and can be divided into acute environmental stress and chronic environmental stress, which are greatly developed along with the increase of the population and the improvement of the consumption level of the world, but at the same time, as the activity range of human beings is enlarged and the degree is deepened, environmental resources are greatly damaged, and the stress of the environment on a plurality of organisms is increasingly serious.
With the development of economy, the pollution of ecological environment is continuously increased, and the pollution is expressed as the pollution of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and heavy metals in agricultural production. Due to the unreasonable application of agricultural chemical fertilizers, the soil property is changed, the productivity is reduced, the quality of agricultural products is reduced, and the like. Before the soil is treated, various physicochemical data of the polluted soil need to be collected.
However, the existing soil physical and chemical data acquisition device generally has the defects of low acquisition efficiency and poor data accuracy and reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides the physicochemical data acquisition device for the fertilizer stress contaminated soil, which has reasonable design and high acquisition efficiency.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a physicochemical data acquisition device for fertilizer stress contaminated soil comprises an assembly frame, an acquisition assembly and a power assembly; the assembly frame comprises a bottom plate and a movable plate, a first threaded sleeve and two insertion rods are arranged on the upper end face of the bottom plate, the first threaded sleeve is located between the two insertion rods and vertically penetrates through the bottom plate, a fixing cone is arranged at the lower end of the bottom plate, two insertion sleeves are arranged on two sides of the lower end face of the movable plate, the two insertion sleeves are respectively movably sleeved outside the insertion rods, compression springs are arranged on the two insertion sleeves, the compression springs are abutted to the top ends of the insertion rods, and a bearing seat is arranged in the center of the movable plate in a penetrating mode; the collecting assembly comprises an outer pipe, an inner pipe, a collecting pipe, a pressure rod and a soil detector, the outer pipe is vertically arranged on the bottom plate and is in threaded connection with the first threaded sleeve, the outer pipe is located at the lower end of the movable plate, a rotary disc and a soil collecting hopper are sequentially sleeved outside the outer pipe from top to bottom, a notch is formed in the connecting position of the outer pipe and the soil collecting hopper, and a plug board for shielding the notch is movably arranged inside the outer pipe; the inner pipe is movably sleeved inside the outer pipe, the upper end of the inner pipe is sleeved inside the bearing seat, the inner pipe is sleeved with a driven belt wheel and a soil guide screw, a second threaded sleeve is movably clamped at the top end of the inner pipe, the driven belt wheel is located at the lower end of the second threaded sleeve, the soil guide screw is located at the lower end of the joint of the inner pipe and the bearing seat, a soil drilling sleeve is arranged at the bottom of the inner pipe, a soil sealing assembly is movably arranged at the lower end inside the inner pipe, and the soil sealing assembly is used; the collection pipe is movably sleeved inside the inner pipe and is in threaded connection with the second threaded sleeve, the top end of the collection pipe is provided with an end cover, and the lower end of the collection pipe is movably clamped with the soil sealing assembly; the soil detector is arranged on the movable plate, the compression bar is sleeved inside the collection pipe and penetrates through the end cover, the bottom of the compression bar is provided with a collection disc, the bottom of the collection disc is provided with a soil data collection probe, and the soil data collection probe is electrically connected with the soil detector; the power assembly comprises a rotating motor and two lifting motors, the rotating motor is fixedly arranged on the movable plate, a main belt wheel is arranged on an output shaft of the rotating motor, the main belt wheel is connected with a driven belt wheel through a belt, the two lifting motors are arranged on two sides of the upper end of the bottom plate respectively, winding drums are arranged on output shafts of the two lifting motors, connecting pulleys are arranged on one sides of the two inserting sleeves, which are back to back, and the two connecting pulleys are connected with the two winding drums through traction ropes respectively.
Further, soil data acquisition probe includes salinity test probe, temperature detect probe, humidity test probe, pH valve test probe and oxygen content test probe, salinity test probe, temperature detect probe, humidity test probe, pH valve test probe and oxygen content test probe evenly distributed are in the acquisition portion of a plate bottom, through salinity test probe, temperature detect probe, humidity test probe, pH valve test probe and oxygen content test probe are threatened the salt content that pollutes soil to the chemical fertilizer respectively, and the temperature, humidity, pH valve and oxygen content are surveyed, make polluted soil physicochemical data have the variety, be favorable to the improvement of later stage polluted soil.
Furthermore, the salinity detection probe, the temperature detection probe, the humidity detection probe, the pH value detection probe and the oxygen content detection probe are all connected with the acquisition disc through a buffer sleeve, a universal seat and a buffer spring are arranged at the bottom of each probe, one end of the buffer spring is abutted against the universal seat, the other end of the buffer spring is connected with the bottom in the buffer sleeve, and through the arrangement of the buffer spring, certain buffer formation is realized when each probe encounters hard stones or other impurities in the pressing process, so that the damage of the probe is avoided; through setting up universal seat, when the probe inserts soil and is obstructed, can continue to insert soil with certain offset, the smooth of guarantee contaminated soil physics and chemistry data acquisition work goes on to improve work efficiency.
Furthermore, the soil sealing assembly comprises an upper pressure ring, a lower opening and closing plate and a fan-shaped sealing plate, the upper pressure ring is movably clamped at the lower position inside the inner pipe, and can slide up and down in the inner tube, the upper end face of the upper compression ring is rotatably clamped with the lower end of the collection tube, the lower opening and closing plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the inner tube, a through hole is arranged on the lower opening and closing plate, the through hole vertically corresponds to the position of the soil data collection probe, a wedge block is arranged on the lower opening and closing plate in a sliding manner, a through hole is arranged on the wedge block, a reset spring is arranged between the wedge block and the edge of the lower opening and closing plate, 5-9 elastic steel bars are uniformly arranged between the lower opening and closing plate and the upper compression ring, and the number of the fan-shaped sealing plates is consistent, the arc sides of the fan-shaped sealing plates are respectively and horizontally fixedly connected with the elastic steel bars, and the fan-shaped sealing plates are positioned in a circular area defined by the elastic steel bars; when the collecting plate is used, the second threaded sleeve is rotated, so that the upper pressing ring slides downwards along the inner wall of the inner pipe under the action of the collecting pipe, and the elastic steel bars are pressed to bend outwards, so that the fan-shaped sealing plates are far away from each other, and a moving channel is provided for the collecting plate; then press the depression bar downwards for the acquisition dish moves down, when the soil data acquisition probe contact wedge of acquisition dish lower extreme, the wedge outwards moves, through hole and the through hole coincidence of opening and close the board down on the wedge, soil data acquisition probe inserts and carries out data acquisition in the soil after passing the through hole, through set up the subassembly of sealing up soil on the one hand can avoid before the data acquisition inside soil gets into the inner tube, on the other hand can improve the leakproofness of device, improves data acquisition's accuracy.
Furthermore, the fixing cone is provided with an expansion sleeve at the joint of the fixing cone and the bottom plate, the bottom end of the expansion sleeve is provided with an adjusting bolt, the fixing cone is movably sleeved inside the expansion sleeve and is in threaded connection with the adjusting bolt, the bottom plate is convenient to level through the arrangement of the expansion sleeve and the adjusting bolt, the inclination angle of the collecting assembly when the collecting assembly enters soil can be adjusted, and the practicability of the device is improved.
Furthermore, the lower end of the soil collecting hopper is of a conical structure, two open grooves are formed, the two open grooves are respectively flush with the upper end and the lower end of the interior of the soil collecting hopper, through holes corresponding to the open grooves are formed in the upper positions of the plug boards, pull rods are arranged on the two sides of the plug boards, and when the plug boards are located at the initial positions, the through holes are superposed with the open grooves in the upper end of the interior of the soil collecting hopper; when the inner tube rotates, under the effect of leading the native spiral and boring the soil cover, soil rises in the clearance of inner tube and outer tube to fill the fluting of inside upper end from soil collection and get into soil collection and fight and keep in, after soil data acquisition finishes, upwards stimulate the picture peg, make soil collection fight the inside lower extreme fluting of opening, soil falls down from the clearance of inner tube and outer tube, then gets into in the drilling, covers the drilling, has reduced the destruction of soil environment.
Further, the bottom of the outer pipe is provided with a conical cover, and the sealing performance of the outer pipe contacting with the soil surface layer can be improved by the conical cover.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the device is used, the device is moved to an outdoor acquisition area, the bottom plate and the ground are fixed through the fixing cones, and then the heights of the fixing cones are adjusted by rotating the adjusting bolts, so that the purpose of adjusting the bottom plate is achieved; connecting each electric device of the device with an external power supply, manually rotating the rotary table to enable the outer pipe to move downwards on the first threaded sleeve, and finally enabling the conical cover to be tightly attached to the ground; the method comprises the following steps that a rotating motor and a lifting motor are started, the rotating motor drives an inner pipe to rotate through a belt, a soil drilling sleeve at the lower end of the inner pipe drills soil, meanwhile, a traction rope is driven by the lifting motor to be wound on a winding drum, so that the inner pipe descends continuously, soil rises in a gap between the inner pipe and an outer pipe under the action of a soil guiding spiral, and enters a soil collecting hopper from a groove at the upper end of the inner part of the soil collecting hopper for temporary storage; after the soil drilling is finished, the second threaded sleeve is rotated, so that the upper pressing ring slides downwards along the inner wall of the inner pipe under the action of the collecting pipe to press each elastic steel bar to bend outwards, thereby leading the fan-shaped sealing plates to be mutually far away, providing a moving channel for the collecting tray, finally pressing the pressing rod downwards to lead the collecting tray to move downwards, when each probe at the lower end of the acquisition disk contacts the wedge-shaped block, the wedge-shaped block moves outwards, the through hole on the wedge-shaped block is superposed with the through hole on the lower opening and closing plate, each probe passes through the through hole and then is inserted into soil for data acquisition, and feeding back the collection result to a soil detector, after collection is finished, utilizing a price-raising motor to enable the inner pipe, the collection pipe and the pressure rod to move upwards, pulling the inserting plate upwards to enable the soil in the soil collection hopper to fall into a drill hole through a slotted groove at the lower end inside the soil collection hopper to cover the drill hole, and finally removing the device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the soil physical and chemical data acquisition device is reasonable in structural design and simple and convenient to operate, and the acquisition angle of the acquisition assembly can be conveniently adjusted by arranging the bottom plate capable of being leveled, so that powerful guarantee is provided for the acquisition work of soil physical and chemical data; before the device is used, the outer cylinder is moved downwards to be tightly attached to the ground, so that the change of each physical and chemical index in soil in the process of drilling the inner pipe is greatly reduced, and the accuracy and the reliability of soil physical and chemical data acquisition are improved; by arranging the soil sealing assembly, the problem that the reliability of data acquisition is influenced because soil particles enter the inside of the acquisition pipe in the process of drilling the inner pipe is avoided; the buffer spring and the universal seat are arranged at the joint of the probe and the buffer sleeve, so that certain buffer is formed when each probe encounters hard stones or other impurities in the process of pressing down, and the probe is prevented from being damaged; when the probe inserts soil simultaneously and is obstructed, can continue to insert soil with certain offset, the guarantee pollutes going on smoothly of soil physics and chemistry data acquisition work, improves work efficiency, collects through setting up soil on the outer tube and fights, is convenient for cover the drilling of leaving over behind soil data acquisition, has reduced soil environment's destruction, improves soil environment's integrality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view at A of FIG. 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection of the soil collection bucket of the present invention to the outer pipe;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the board of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a distribution diagram of a soil data acquisition probe of the present invention on an acquisition tray;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the soil data acquisition probe of the present invention connected to an acquisition tray;
FIG. 8 is a profile of a wedge of the present invention on a lower shutter plate;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the sealing of the fan seal plate of the present invention;
figure 10 is a schematic view of the fan seal panel of the present invention in an open configuration;
wherein, 1-an assembly frame, 10-a bottom plate, 11-a movable plate, 12-a first thread bushing, 13-an insertion rod, 14-a fixed cone, 140-a telescopic sleeve, 141-an adjusting bolt, 15-an insertion sleeve, 150-a compression spring, 151-a connecting pulley, 16-a bearing seat, 2-a collection assembly, 20-an outer tube, 200-a rotary disc, 201-a soil collection bucket, 202-a slot, 203-an insertion plate, 2030-a through hole, 2031-a pull rod, 204-a conical cover, 21-an inner tube, 210-a driven pulley, 211-a soil guide spiral, 212-a second thread bushing, 213-a soil drilling bushing, 22-a collection tube, 220-an end cover, 23-a compression rod, 231-a collection disc, 232-a soil data collection probe, 2320-salt content detecting probe, 2321-temperature detecting probe, 2322-humidity detecting probe, 2323-pH value detecting probe, 2324-oxygen content detecting probe, 233-buffer sleeve, 234-universal seat, 235-buffer spring, 24-soil detector, 25-soil sealing component, 250-upper pressure ring, 251-lower opening and closing plate, 2510-through hole, 2511-wedge block, 2512-reset spring, 252-sector sealing plate, 253-elastic steel bar, 3-power component, 30-rotating motor, 300-main belt wheel, 301-belt, 31-lifting motor, 310-winding drum and 311-traction rope.
Detailed Description
Example (b): the physicochemical data acquisition device for the fertilizer stress contaminated soil as shown in the figures 1 and 2 comprises an assembly frame 1, an acquisition component 2 and a power component 3; the assembly frame 1 comprises a bottom plate 10 and a movable plate 11, a first threaded sleeve 12 and two insertion rods 13 are arranged on the upper end face of the bottom plate 10, the two insertion rods 13 are arranged, the first threaded sleeve 12 is located between the two insertion rods 13 and vertically penetrates through the bottom plate 10, fixing cones 14 are arranged at four corners of the lower end of the bottom plate 10, a telescopic sleeve 140 is arranged at the joint of each fixing cone 14 and the bottom plate 10, an adjusting bolt 141 is arranged at the bottom end of each telescopic sleeve 140, each fixing cone 14 is movably sleeved inside each telescopic sleeve 140 and is in threaded connection with the corresponding adjusting bolt 141, and the bottom plate 10 is conveniently leveled by arranging the telescopic sleeves 140 and the adjusting bolts 141, so that the inclination angle of the collection assembly 2 when entering soil can be adjusted, and the practicability of the; the two sides of the lower end face of the movable plate 11 are respectively provided with an inserting sleeve 15, the two inserting sleeves 15 are respectively movably sleeved outside the inserting rod 13, the two inserting sleeves 15 are respectively provided with a compression spring 150, the compression spring 150 is abutted against the top end of the inserting rod 13, and the central position of the movable plate 11 is provided with a bearing seat 16 in a penetrating manner;
as shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, the collecting assembly 2 includes an outer tube 20, an inner tube 21, a collecting tube 22, a pressure rod 23 and a soil detector 24, the outer tube 20 is vertically disposed on the bottom plate 10 and is in threaded connection with the first thread bushing 12, the outer tube 20 is located at the lower end of the movable plate 11, a turntable 200 and a soil collecting hopper 201 are sequentially sleeved outside the outer tube 20 from top to bottom, a slot 202 is disposed at a connection position of the outer tube 20 and the soil collecting hopper 201, and an inserting plate 203 for shielding the slot 202 is movably disposed inside the outer tube 20; the lower end of the soil collection bucket 201 is of a conical structure, two open grooves 202 are arranged, the two open grooves 202 are respectively flush with the upper end and the lower end of the interior of the soil collection bucket 201, through holes 2030 corresponding to the open grooves 202 are arranged at the upper positions of the insertion plates 203, pull rods 2031 are arranged at two sides of the insertion plates 203, and when the insertion plates 203 are located at the initial positions, the through holes 2030 are overlapped with the open grooves 202 at the upper ends of the interior of the soil collection bucket 201; when the inner pipe 21 rotates, under the action of the soil guide screw 211 and the soil drilling sleeve 213, soil is on the gap between the inner pipe 21 and the outer pipe 20 and enters the soil collection hopper 201 from the open slot 202 at the upper end inside the soil collection hopper 201 for temporary storage, after soil data collection is finished, the inserting plate 203 is pulled upwards to open the open slot 202 at the lower end inside the soil collection hopper 201, the soil falls from the gap between the inner pipe 21 and the outer pipe 20 and then enters the drilled hole to cover the drilled hole, and the damage to the soil environment is reduced; the conical cover 204 is arranged at the bottom of the outer pipe 20, and the sealing performance of the outer pipe 20 in contact with the surface layer of soil can be further improved by arranging the conical cover 204;
as shown in fig. 1, 3, 8, 9 and 10, an inner tube 21 is movably sleeved inside an outer tube 20, an upper end of the inner tube 21 is sleeved inside a bearing seat 16, a driven pulley 210 and a soil guiding screw 211 are sleeved on the inner tube 21, a second threaded sleeve 212 is movably clamped at a top end of the inner tube 21, the driven pulley 210 is positioned at a lower end of the second threaded sleeve 212, the soil guiding screw 211 is positioned at a lower end of a joint of the inner tube 21 and the bearing seat 16, a soil drilling sleeve 213 is arranged at a bottom of the inner tube 21, a soil sealing assembly 25 is movably arranged at a lower end of the inner tube 21, the soil sealing assembly 25 comprises an upper pressing ring 250, a lower opening and closing plate 251 and a fan-shaped sealing plate 252, the upper pressing ring 250 is movably clamped at a lower position inside the inner tube 21 and can slide up and down inside the inner tube 21, an upper end face of the upper pressing ring 250 is rotatably clamped with a lower end of an acquisition tube 22, the lower opening and closing plate 251, a wedge-shaped block 2511 is arranged on the lower opening and closing plate 251 in a sliding manner, a through hole 2510 is formed in the wedge-shaped block 2511, a return spring 2512 is arranged between the wedge-shaped block 2511 and the edge of the lower opening and closing plate 251, 6 elastic steel bars 253 are uniformly arranged between the lower opening and closing plate 251 and the upper pressing ring 250, the number of the fan-shaped sealing plates 252 is correspondingly consistent with that of the elastic steel bars 253, the arc sides of the fan-shaped sealing plates 252 are respectively and horizontally and fixedly connected with the elastic steel bars 253, and the fan-shaped sealing plates 252 are positioned in a circular area surrounded by the elastic steel bars 253; when the collecting plate is used, the second threaded sleeve 212 is rotated, so that the upper pressing ring 250 slides downwards along the inner wall of the inner tube 21 under the action of the collecting tube 22, and the elastic steel bars 253 are pressed to bend outwards, so that the fan-shaped sealing plates 252 are far away from each other, and a moving channel is provided for the collecting plate 231; then the pressing rod 23 is pressed downwards, so that the collecting disc 231 moves downwards, when the soil data collecting probe 232 at the lower end of the collecting disc 231 contacts the wedge block 2511, the wedge block 2511 moves outwards, the through hole 2510 in the wedge block 2511 is overlapped with the through hole 2510 in the lower opening and closing plate 251, the soil data collecting probe 232 penetrates through the through hole 2510 and then is inserted into soil for data collection, and by arranging the soil sealing assembly 25, on one hand, the soil before data collection can be prevented from entering the inner pipe 21, on the other hand, the sealing performance of the device can be improved, and the accuracy of data collection is improved;
as shown in fig. 1, 6, 7 and 8, the collection tube 22 is movably sleeved inside the inner tube 21 and is in threaded connection with the second threaded sleeve 212, an end cover 220 is arranged at the top end of the collection tube 22, and the lower end of the collection tube 22 is movably clamped with the soil sealing assembly 25; the soil detector 24 is arranged on the movable plate 11, the compression rod 23 is sleeved inside the collection pipe 22 and penetrates through the end cover 220, the collection disc 231 is arranged at the bottom of the compression rod 23, the soil data collection probe 232 is arranged at the bottom of the collection disc 231, the soil data collection probe 232 comprises a salinity detection probe 2320, a temperature detection probe 2321, a humidity detection probe 2322, a pH value detection probe 2323 and an oxygen content detection probe 2324, the salinity detection probe 2320, the temperature detection probe 2321, the humidity detection probe 2322, the pH value detection probe 2323 and the oxygen content detection probe 2324 are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the collection disc 231, the salinity detection probe 2320, the temperature detection probe 2321, the humidity detection probe 2322, the pH value detection probe 2323 and the oxygen content detection probe 2324 are used for respectively detecting the salt content, the temperature, the humidity, the pH value and the oxygen content of the soil polluted by the chemical fertilizer stress, so that the physicochemical data of the polluted soil have diversity, the treatment of the later-period polluted soil is facilitated, and each probe is electrically connected with the soil detector 24; the salinity detection probe 2320, the temperature detection probe 2321, the humidity detection probe 2322, the pH value detection probe 2323 and the oxygen content detection probe 2324 are all connected with the acquisition disc 231 through the buffer sleeve 233, the bottom of each probe is provided with a universal seat 234 and a buffer spring 235, one end of the buffer spring 235 is abutted against the universal seat 234, the other end of the buffer spring 235 is connected with the bottom in the buffer sleeve 233, and through the arrangement of the buffer spring 235, when each probe is subjected to hard stones or other impurities in the pressing process, certain buffer formation is achieved, and the damage of the probe is avoided; by arranging the universal seat 234, when the probe is blocked from being inserted into the soil, the probe can be continuously inserted into the soil by a certain offset, so that the smooth operation of the physical and chemical data acquisition of the polluted soil is ensured, and the working efficiency is improved; the salinity detection probe 2320 selects a TR-TYF type soil salinity sensor produced by Xiangshu electronic technology limited company in Yangyang city, the temperature detection probe 2321 selects a 5TE type soil temperature sensor produced by Beijing Shiyang electronic technology limited company, the humidity detection probe 2322 selects an HSTL-10STR type soil humidity sensor produced by Beijing Chinghua Xingheng technology development limited company, the pH value detection probe 2323 selects an RS485MODBUS type soil pH value sensor produced by Saitong technology limited company, and the oxygen content detection probe 2324 selects a DOG-209FA type dissolved oxygen sensor produced by Shanghai Bo instruments limited company; the soil detector 24 selects FK-G01 agricultural soil component analysis equipment produced by Oriental instruments Co.Ltd;
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the power assembly 3 includes a rotating electrical machine 30 and two lifting electrical machines 31, the rotating electrical machine 30 is fixedly disposed on the movable plate 11, an output shaft of the rotating electrical machine 30 is provided with a primary pulley 300, the primary pulley 300 is connected with the driven pulley 210 through a belt 301, the two lifting electrical machines 31 are disposed, the two lifting electrical machines 31 are respectively disposed on two sides of the upper end of the base plate 10, output shafts of the two lifting electrical machines 31 are respectively provided with a winding drum 310, one side of each of the two opposite insertion sleeves 15 is provided with a connecting pulley 151, and the two connecting pulleys 151 are respectively connected with the two winding drums 310 through a traction rope 311; the rotating motor 30 and the lifting motor 31 are both NMRV110 type worm gear speed reducers produced by yutian motors ltd.
When the device is used, the device is moved to an outdoor acquisition area, the bottom plate 10 is fixed with the ground through the fixing cones 14, and then the heights of the fixing cones 14 are adjusted by rotating the adjusting bolts 141, so that the purpose of adjusting the bottom plate 10 is achieved; connecting each electric device of the device with an external power supply, manually rotating the rotating disc 200 to enable the outer pipe 20 to move downwards on the first threaded sleeve 12, and finally enabling the conical cover 204 to be tightly attached to the ground; the rotating motor 30 and the lifting motor 31 are started, the rotating motor 30 drives the inner tube 21 to rotate through the belt 301, the soil drilling sleeve 213 at the lower end of the inner tube 21 drills the soil, meanwhile, the lifting motor 31 drives the traction rope 311 to be wound on the winding drum 310, so that the inner tube 21 continuously descends, the soil rises in a gap between the inner tube 21 and the outer tube 20 under the action of the soil guiding spiral 211 and enters the soil collection bucket 201 from the open groove 202 at the upper end inside the soil collection bucket 201 for temporary storage; after the soil is drilled, the second threaded sleeve 212 is rotated, the upper pressing ring 250 slides downwards along the inner wall of the inner pipe 21 under the action of the collection pipe 22, each elastic steel bar 253 is pressed to bend outwards, each fan-shaped sealing plate 252 is further separated from each other, a moving channel is provided for the collection disc 231, finally, the pressing rod 23 is pressed downwards, the collection disc 231 moves downwards, when each probe at the lower end of the collection disc 231 contacts the wedge-shaped block 2511, the wedge-shaped block 2511 moves outwards, the through hole 2510 on the wedge-shaped block 2511 is overlapped with the through hole 2510 on the lower opening and closing plate 251, each probe penetrates through the through hole 2510 and then is inserted into the soil for data collection, the collection result is fed back to the soil detector 24, after the collection is finished, the inner pipe 21, the collection pipe 22 and the pressing rod 23 move upwards by using the price-increasing motor 31, the inserting plate 203 is pulled upwards, so that the soil in the soil collection bucket 201 falls into a, and finally, removing the device.
Claims (7)
1. A physicochemical data acquisition device for fertilizer stress contaminated soil is characterized by comprising an assembly frame (1), an acquisition assembly (2) and a power assembly (3); the assembling frame (1) comprises a bottom plate (10) and a movable plate (11), wherein a first threaded sleeve (12) and two insertion rods (13) are arranged on the upper end face of the bottom plate (10), the two insertion rods (13) are arranged, the first threaded sleeve (12) is located between the two insertion rods (13) and vertically penetrates through the bottom plate (10), a fixed cone (14) is arranged at the lower end of the bottom plate (10), insertion sleeves (15) are arranged on two sides of the lower end face of the movable plate (11), the two insertion sleeves (15) are respectively movably sleeved outside the insertion rods (13), compression springs (150) are arranged on the two insertion sleeves (15), the compression springs (150) are abutted against the top ends of the insertion rods (13), and a bearing seat (16) is arranged in the center position of the movable plate (11) in a penetrating mode; the collecting assembly (2) comprises an outer pipe (20), an inner pipe (21), a collecting pipe (22), a pressure rod (23) and a soil detector (24), the outer pipe (20) is vertically arranged on the bottom plate (10) and is in threaded connection with the first threaded sleeve (12), the outer pipe (20) is located at the lower end of the movable plate (11), a turntable (200) and a soil collecting hopper (201) are sequentially sleeved outside the outer pipe (20) from top to bottom, a notch (202) is formed in the connection position of the outer pipe (20) and the soil collecting hopper (201), and an inserting plate (203) for shielding the notch (202) is movably arranged inside the outer pipe (20); the inner pipe (21) is movably sleeved inside the outer pipe (20), the upper end of the inner pipe (21) is sleeved inside the bearing seat (16), a driven belt wheel (210) and a soil guide spiral (211) are sleeved on the inner pipe (21), a second threaded sleeve (212) is movably clamped at the top end of the inner pipe (21), the driven belt wheel (210) is located at the lower end of the second threaded sleeve (212), the soil guide spiral (211) is located at the lower end of the joint of the inner pipe (21) and the bearing seat (16), a soil drilling sleeve (213) is arranged at the bottom of the inner pipe (21), a soil sealing assembly (25) is movably arranged at the lower end inside the inner pipe (21), and the soil sealing assembly (25) is used for sealing the bottom end of the inner pipe (21); the collection pipe (22) is movably sleeved inside the inner pipe (21) and is in threaded connection with the second threaded sleeve (212), an end cover (220) is arranged at the top end of the collection pipe (22), and the lower end of the collection pipe (22) is movably clamped with the soil sealing assembly (25); the soil detector (24) is arranged on the movable plate (11), the pressure lever (23) is sleeved inside the collecting pipe (22) and penetrates through the end cover (220), a collecting disc (231) is arranged at the bottom of the pressure lever (23), a soil data collecting probe (232) is arranged at the bottom of the collecting disc (231), and the soil data collecting probe (232) is electrically connected with the soil detector (24); power component (3) include rotating electrical machines (30) and elevator motor (31), rotating electrical machines (30) are fixed to be set up on fly leaf (11), are provided with primary pulley (300) on the output shaft of rotating electrical machines (30), be connected through belt (301) between primary pulley (300) and driven pulley (210), elevator motor (31) are provided with two, and two elevator motor (31) set up respectively in bottom plate (10) upper end both sides, and all are provided with reel (310) on the output shaft of two elevator motor (31), two one side that grafting sleeve pipe (15) carried on the back mutually all is provided with connecting pulley (151), is connected through haulage rope (311) respectively between two connecting pulley (151) and two reel (310).
2. The device for collecting physicochemical data of soil polluted by chemical fertilizer stress as defined in claim 1, wherein said soil data collecting probe (232) comprises a salinity detecting probe (2320), a temperature detecting probe (2321), a humidity detecting probe (2322), a pH value detecting probe (2323) and an oxygen content detecting probe (2324), said salinity detecting probe (2320), said temperature detecting probe (2321), said humidity detecting probe (2322), said pH value detecting probe (2323) and said oxygen content detecting probe (2324) are uniformly distributed at the bottom of said collecting tray (231).
3. The physical and chemical data acquisition device for the fertilizer stress contaminated soil as claimed in claim 2, wherein the salinity detection probe (2320), the temperature detection probe (2321), the humidity detection probe (2322), the pH value detection probe (2323) and the oxygen content detection probe (2324) are connected with the acquisition disc (231) through a buffer sleeve (233), and each probe bottom is provided with a universal seat (234) and a buffer spring (235), one end of the buffer spring (235) is abutted against the universal seat (234), and the other end of the buffer spring is connected with the bottom in the buffer sleeve (233).
4. The physicochemical data acquisition device for the soil polluted by fertilizer stress as defined in claim 1, wherein the soil sealing component (25) comprises an upper pressing ring (250), a lower opening and closing plate (251) and a fan-shaped closing plate (252), the upper pressing ring (250) is movably clamped at the lower position inside the inner tube (21) and can slide up and down inside the inner tube (21), the upper end surface of the upper pressing ring (250) is rotatably clamped with the lower end of the acquisition tube (22), the lower opening and closing plate (251) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the inner tube (21), a through hole (2510) is arranged on the lower opening and closing plate (251), the through hole (2510) corresponds to the soil data acquisition probe (232) up and down in position, a wedge-shaped block (2511) is arranged on the lower opening and closing plate (251) in a sliding manner, the through hole (2510) is arranged on the wedge-shaped block (2511), and a reset spring (2512) is arranged between the wedge-shaped block (2511) and the edge of the lower opening and closing plate (, 5-9 elastic steel bars (253) are uniformly arranged between the lower opening and closing plate (251) and the upper pressing ring (250), the number of the fan-shaped sealing plates (252) is corresponding to the number of the elastic steel bars (253), the arc sides of the fan-shaped sealing plates (252) are respectively and horizontally and fixedly connected with the elastic steel bars (253), and the fan-shaped sealing plates (252) are located in a circular area surrounded by the elastic steel bars (253).
5. The physicochemical data acquisition device for fertilizer stress contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein a telescopic sleeve (140) is arranged at the joint of the fixed cone (14) and the bottom plate (10), an adjusting bolt (141) is arranged at the bottom end of the telescopic sleeve (140), and the fixed cone (14) is movably sleeved inside the telescopic sleeve (140) and is in threaded connection with the adjusting bolt (141).
6. The physicochemical data acquisition device for the fertilizer stress contaminated soil as defined in claim 1, wherein the lower end of the soil collection bucket (201) is a conical structure, the number of the slots (202) is two, the two slots (202) are respectively flush with the upper and lower ends of the soil collection bucket (201), a through hole (2030) corresponding to the slot (202) is arranged at the upper position of the insertion plate (203), pull rods (2031) are arranged at the two sides of the insertion plate (203), and when the insertion plate (203) is located at the initial position, the through hole (2030) coincides with the slot (202) at the upper end of the soil collection bucket (201).
7. The physicochemical data acquisition device for the fertilizer stress contaminated soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein a telescopic sleeve (140) is arranged at the joint of the fixed cone (14) and the bottom plate (10).
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| CN111796073B (en) | 2022-06-17 |
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