CN116220671A

CN116220671A - Rock-soil drilling sampling equipment and sampling method

Info

Publication number: CN116220671A
Application number: CN202310299623.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 田靖; 王伟强; 陈勇; 张菁; 谢美琴; 曹杰; 王森; 程莉
Original assignee: Zhejiang Jiaoke Planning And Design Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Jiaoke Planning And Design Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-03-20
Filing date: 2023-03-20
Publication date: 2023-06-06

Abstract

The utility model relates to a technical field of ground drilling equipment especially relates to a ground drilling sampling equipment and sampling method, including drilling rod and the drill bit of setting in the drilling rod tip, the collecting vat has been seted up in the drilling rod, the sampling mouth with the collecting vat intercommunication has been seted up to the side of drilling rod, be provided with a plurality of collecting plates around the central line of drilling rod in the collecting vat, one side that the collecting plate is close to the drilling rod center and adjacent collecting plate are connected, the collecting plate rotates around the central line of drilling rod and sets up, two adjacent collecting plate and collecting vat inner wall surround the formation and are used for collecting the sampling vat of sample, the outside of drilling rod rotates and is provided with the mounting panel, be provided with the auxiliary device that is used for adjusting the collecting plate position on the mounting panel, sampling mouth department rotates and is provided with the scraper blade, auxiliary device and scraper blade are connected and are used for adjusting the position of scraper blade. The application has the effect of promoting sampling efficiency.

Description

Rock-soil drilling sampling equipment and sampling method

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of rock-soil drilling equipment, in particular to rock-soil drilling sampling equipment and a sampling method.

Background

The rock-soil drilling sampling equipment is auxiliary equipment for rock-soil drilling, and is equipment for collecting and extracting rock-soil on the surface layer of soil in natural environment, so that related personnel can analyze the composition of the soil according to samples, and whether a drilling area is suitable for building construction or not is judged.

The sampling equipment for rock and soil drilling in the related art comprises a fixed support, a hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the fixed support, the cylinder bottom of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the support, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with a sampling rod, the head of the sampling rod is in a sharp angle shape, a group of sampling grooves are uniformly distributed on the sampling rod, a cover plate is arranged on the sampling grooves and connected together through a pull rod, and a cover plate slideway is arranged on the sampling rod. When sampling, the hydraulic cylinder drives the sampling rod to move to a designated position, and the rock and soil at the position is collected into the sampling groove, so that the designated position in the rock and soil is sampled.

In the related art, when samples with different depths are required to be obtained, drilling and sampling are required to be performed multiple times, so that sampling efficiency is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve sampling efficiency, the application provides rock-soil drilling sampling equipment and sampling method

In a first aspect, the present application provides an earth-rock drilling sampling apparatus.

The following technical scheme is adopted:

the utility model provides a rock soil drilling sampling equipment, includes the drilling rod and sets up the drill bit at the drilling rod tip, the collecting vat has been seted up in the drilling rod, the sampling mouth with the collecting vat intercommunication has been seted up to the side of drilling rod, be provided with a plurality of collecting plates around the central line of drilling rod in the collecting vat, one side that the collecting plate is close to the drilling rod center is connected with adjacent collecting plate, the collecting plate rotates around the central line of drilling rod and sets up, two adjacent collecting plate and collecting vat inner wall surround and form the sampling vat that is used for collecting the sample, the outside rotation of drilling rod is provided with the mounting panel, be provided with the auxiliary device who is used for adjusting the collecting plate position on the mounting panel, sampling mouth department rotates and is provided with the scraper blade, auxiliary device and scraper blade are connected and are used for adjusting the position of scraper blade.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, remove the drilling rod to appointed degree of depth, drive the scraper blade through auxiliary device and expand and open the sample connection, then rotate the drilling rod and collect the sample to the sampling tank in, then close the scraper blade, remove the drilling rod to different positions once more, repeat above-mentioned operation and take a sample once more, accomplish multiple sampling, promote sampling efficiency.

Optionally, auxiliary device includes auxiliary member, auxiliary rod and intermediate plate, the auxiliary rod rotates the setting in the drilling rod, the tip of auxiliary rod extends to the outside of drilling rod, the auxiliary member sets up on the mounting panel, the output of auxiliary member is connected with the auxiliary rod and is used for driving the auxiliary rod and rotates, the intermediate plate sets up the one end that is close to the collecting plate at the auxiliary rod, intermediate plate and collecting plate are connected.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, auxiliary member passes through the auxiliary rod and drives the intermediate lamella and rotate, and the intermediate lamella rotates and drives the collecting plate and rotate for different sampling grooves correspond with the sample connection, so that take a sample many times.

Optionally, the intermediate plate includes the guiding portion, the side and the drilling rod inner wall interval of guiding portion set up, the scraper blade is close to and is provided with rotation portion on its rotation side, rotation portion sets up between guiding portion and drilling rod inner wall, the groove of stepping down has been seted up to the side of guiding portion, be provided with the push pedal in the groove of stepping down, one side of push pedal extends to the outside of groove of stepping down, one side that the push pedal deviates from the groove of stepping down rotates along the direction towards rotation portion, guiding portion drives the push pedal and rotates rotation portion through the push pedal and open the sample connection to the inslot of stepping down.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the intermediate plate rotates and drives the rotation portion through the push pedal and rotate to the inslot of stepping down, and rotation portion rotates and opens the scraper blade, then continues to rotate the intermediate plate, and the intermediate plate drives drilling rod and scraper blade synchronous rotation through rotation portion and carries out the sampling operation.

Optionally, the groove of stepping down and push pedal are provided with the multiunit, and the multiunit the groove of stepping down and a plurality of sampling groove one-to-one correspond setting.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, set up a plurality of push plates and the groove of stepping down to through push plate and rotor cooperation in different positions, accomplish the sample of different degree of depth.

Optionally, the push plate is in the groove rotation setting of stepping down, the axis of rotation department of push plate is provided with the rotation piece, the rotation piece is used for driving the push plate and rotates along the direction that deviates from the rotation portion.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the intermediate lamella drives the collecting plate and rotates, the sampling groove rotates to sampling port department, and when the push pedal rotated to rotation portion department, the push pedal was in the inslot rotation of stepping down, reduces the push pedal and appears interfering collecting plate pivoted phenomenon.

Optionally, rotation portion and scraper blade are along the length direction interval setting of drilling rod, the intermediate lamella still includes separates shelves portion, separate shelves portion setting between rotation portion and scraper blade, separate shelves portion and the inner wall butt of drilling rod, guiding portion and auxiliary rod are connected, separate shelves portion setting in guiding portion one side that deviates from the auxiliary rod.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, will separate shelves portion setting between rotation portion and scraper blade, seal the sampling tank through the baffle, reduce the sample and appear entering into the phenomenon of stepping down the inslot, promote push pedal and rotation portion complex stability, reducible different degree of depth's sample appears mixed phenomenon simultaneously, promote sampling quality.

Optionally, the side of drilling rod is provided with the switch board, the switch board sets up and is used for collecting vat and external intercommunication on the inner wall of collecting vat, the switch board passes through the bolt fastening on the drilling rod.

By adopting the technical scheme, after the sampling is completed, the switch board is taken down so as to take out the sample.

Optionally, a guiding inclined plane is arranged on one side of the rotating part, which is away from the scraping plate, and the guiding inclined plane is arranged at the edge of one side of the end part of the rotating part, which is close to the inner wall of the drill rod.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, set up the guide inclined plane and remove the swash plate through guide inclined plane and rotating part cooperation, rotate rotating part to the inslot of stepping down to adjust the position of scraper blade.

Optionally, the inner wall of the side of the abdicating groove far away from the push plate is arc-shaped, and the circle center of the arc side of the abdicating groove is arranged on one side of the side close to the middle plate.

By adopting the above technical scheme, when the guide part is reversely rotated, the rotating part is rotated to the initial position through the circular arc side so as to adjust the position of the rotating part again, and the scraping plate is closed at the same time.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for sampling rock and earth drilling

The technical scheme is as follows:

the rock-soil drilling sampling method adopts the rock-soil drilling sampling equipment and comprises the following steps:

s1, driving a drill bit and a drill rod to drill through a drill body, and moving the drill bit to a designated depth;

s2, the auxiliary piece drives the guide part to rotate through the auxiliary rod, the guide part drives the rotating part to rotate into the abdication groove through the push plate, and meanwhile, the scraping plate is opened;

s3, the auxiliary piece drives the guide part to rotate continuously through the auxiliary rod, and the push plate drives the drill rod and the scraping plate to synchronously rotate through the rotating part for sampling;

s4, reversely rotating the auxiliary rod through the auxiliary piece after sampling is completed, and driving the rotating part to return to the initial position through the inner wall of the abdicating groove to drive the scraping plate to rotate and close;

s5, continuously moving the drill bit depth to another sampling depth, and driving the collecting plate to reversely rotate by the auxiliary piece through the guide part to drive different sampling grooves to correspond to the scraping plates;

s6, the auxiliary piece drives the guide part to rotate forwards, and the operations S2 and S3 are repeated to perform new sampling;

s7, moving the drill bit to different depths according to sampling requirements to sample respectively;

and S8, taking out the drill rod, opening the switch plate, and taking out the sample.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. after the sampling is completed, the scraper is rotated to close the sampling port, then the drill rod is moved to different depths, the scraper is driven to be unfolded again through the auxiliary piece, and the drill rod is driven to rotate for sampling, so that the sampling operation of a plurality of depth positions is completed, and the sampling efficiency is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an earth-rock drilling sampling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a partial cutaway view of an earth-rock drilling sampling apparatus of an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a structural view of an intermediate plate in an earth-rock drilling sampling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a structural view of a blade in an earth-rock drilling sampling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a structural view of a guide in an earth-boring sampling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a structural view of a relief slot in an earth-rock drilling sampling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7 is a structural view of a push plate in an earth-boring sampling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 8 is a structural view of a switch board of the geotechnical drilling sampling apparatus according to the embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals: 1. a drill rod; 12. a drill bit; 13. a mounting plate; 14. a driving member; 15. a bevel gear set; 2. a collection tank; 21. a sampling port; 3. a collection plate; 31. a sampling groove; 4. a scraper; 41. a rotating part; 42. a guide slope; 5. an auxiliary device; 51. an auxiliary member; 52. an auxiliary lever; 53. an intermediate plate; 6. a guide section; 61. a relief groove; 62. a push plate; 621. a rotating member; 7. a baffle part; 8. and a switch board.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below in conjunction with figures 1-8.

The application discloses a rock and soil drilling sampling equipment.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the geotechnical drilling sampling apparatus includes a drill rod 1 and a drill bit 12 disposed at an end of the drill rod 1, a mounting plate 13 is disposed at one end of the drill rod 1 facing away from the drill bit 12, the drill rod 1 is mounted on a drilling machine body through the mounting plate 13, the drill rod 1 is rotatably disposed on the mounting plate 13, a driving member 14 is disposed on the mounting plate 13, the driving member 14 may be configured as a motor, and a bevel gear set 15 is disposed at an output end of the driving member 14 and an end of the drill rod 1 for connection. The driving piece 14 drives the drill rod 1 and the drill bit 12 to rotate through the bevel gear set 15 to drill the rock and soil.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a collecting tank 2 is provided in the drill rod 1, the collecting tank 2 is provided near the drill bit 12, a sampling port 21 is provided on the side surface of the drill rod 1, the sampling port 21 is communicated with the collecting tank 2, a collecting plate 3 is provided in the collecting tank 2, a plurality of collecting plates 3 are provided, and in this embodiment, the collecting plates 3 are three. The plurality of collecting plates 3 set up around the center of drilling rod 1, and the one side that a plurality of collecting plates 3 are close to drilling rod 1 center is connected with adjacent collecting plates 3, and a plurality of collecting plates 3 rotate around the central line of drilling rod 1 and set up, surround between every two adjacent collecting plates 3 and the collecting vat 2 inner wall and form sampling vat 31. A scraper 4 is arranged at the sampling port 21, the scraper 4 is rotatably arranged at the sampling port 21, and the plane where the scraper 4 rotates is perpendicular to the drill rod 1.

After the drill bit 12 is moved to a prescribed depth, the blade 4 is rotated to an open state such that the side of the blade 4 facing away from the rotation side thereof abuts against the inner wall of the borehole, and then the drill rod 1 is rotated to scrape the rock and soil on the inner wall of the borehole into the sampling groove 31 through the blade 4. After the sampling is completed, the scraping plate 4 is retracted, the sampling port 21 is moved to different depth positions through the drill bit 12 again, the collecting plate 3 is rotated to drive different sampling grooves 31 to correspond to the sampling port 21, the sampling is performed again by repeating the operation, different samples are collected into different collecting grooves 2, and accordingly sampling of different depths is completed.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an auxiliary device 5 is provided on the drill rod 1 and the mounting plate 13, the auxiliary device 5 includes an auxiliary member 51, an auxiliary rod 52 and an intermediate plate 53, the auxiliary rod 52 is rotatably provided in the drill rod 1, and the auxiliary rod 52 is provided along the center line direction of the drill rod 1, the end of the auxiliary rod 52 extends to the outside of the drill rod 1, the auxiliary member 51 may be provided as a motor, the motor is provided on the mounting plate 13, the output end of the motor and the auxiliary rod 52 are connected through a coupling, the intermediate plate 53 is provided at the end of the auxiliary rod 52 facing away from the auxiliary member 51, and the intermediate plate 53 is connected with the collecting plate 3. During sampling, the auxiliary piece 51 drives the middle plate 53 to rotate through the auxiliary rod 52, and the middle plate 53 rotates to drive the collecting plate 3 to rotate so as to adjust the position of the sampling groove 31.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the intermediate plate 53 includes a guide portion 6 and a spacer portion 7 integrally provided on the intermediate plate, the spacer portion 7 is rotatably provided in the drill rod 1, the guide portion 6 is provided on a side of the spacer portion 7 near the auxiliary rod 52, the auxiliary rod 52 is connected to the guide portion 6, a side surface of the guide portion 6 is provided at an interval with an inner wall of the drill rod 1, a rotating portion 41 is provided on the scraper 4 near a rotating side thereof, the rotating portion 41 is provided between the guide portion 6 and a gap of the inner wall of the drill rod 1, and the rotating portion 41 is provided around the center of the drill rod 1 in a direction away from the scraper 4, a yielding groove 61 is provided on a side surface of the guide portion 6, a push plate 62 is provided on an inner wall of the yielding groove 61, and one side of the push plate 62 extends to an outside of the yielding groove 61, the push plate 62 is provided on a side of the yielding groove 61 in a direction toward the rotating portion 41, that is, when the guide portion 6 drives the push plate 62 to rotate in a direction toward the rotating portion 41, the end portion of the push plate 62 and the rotating portion 41 is abutted against each other, the guide portion 6 is driven to rotate in a direction toward the rotating portion 41, and the end portion 6 is continuously abutted against the inner wall of the rotary portion 4, and the sampling portion is driven to rotate until the sampling portion 4 is continuously opened to rotate, and the sampling portion 4 is continuously rotated until the sampling portion is continuously rotated to the sampling portion 4 is driven to rotate, and the sampling portion is continuously abutted against the inner wall is opened.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a guide inclined surface 42 is provided at a side of the rotating portion 41 facing away from the striking plate 4, the guide inclined surface 42 is provided at an edge of an end of the rotating portion 41 near an inner wall of the drill rod 1, and when the guide portion 6 rotates the push plate 62, the push plate 62 rotates the rotating portion 41 through the guide inclined surface 42 so as to adjust the position of the striking plate 4 through the push plate 62.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the inner wall of the side of the relief groove 61 away from the push plate 62 is provided in an arc shape, and the center of the arc side is provided on the side of the side close to the auxiliary lever 52. After the guiding part 6 drives the scraping plate 4 and the drill rod 1 to rotate through the pushing plate 62 to sample, the auxiliary rod 52 is reversely rotated, so that the arc side of the yielding groove 61 is abutted with the rotating part 41, the rotating part 41 is driven to rotate to an initial position, and meanwhile, the scraping plate 4 is driven to rotate to a closed state. So that drilling can continue to a different depth for sampling.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the relief grooves 61 and the push plate 62 are provided with a plurality of sets, the plurality of sets of relief grooves 61 and the plurality of sampling grooves 31 are provided in one-to-one correspondence, and in this embodiment, the sampling grooves 31 are provided in three sets, and the relief grooves 61 and the push plate 62 are provided in three sets. When the sampling is completed, the reverse rotation guide part 6 drives the scraping plate 4 to close the sampling port 21, then the reverse rotation guide part 6 is continued, meanwhile, the collecting plate 3 is driven to rotate, the other sampling groove 31 is driven to rotate until the sampling port 21 corresponds to the sampling port, at the moment, the adjacent group of the abdication grooves 61 corresponds to the pushing plate 62, then the forward rotation guide part 6 drives the rotation part 41 to rotate through the pushing plate 62, and the sampling operation is performed again through the scraping plate 4.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the push plate 62 is set to rotate in the yielding groove 61, a rotating piece 621 is provided at the rotating shaft of the push plate 62, the rotating piece 621 may be set to be a torsion spring, one end of the torsion spring is connected with the push plate 62, the other end is connected with the inner wall of the yielding groove 61, and the rotating piece 621 is used for driving the push plate 62 to rotate in a direction facing away from the rotating portion 41, so that the push plate 62 abuts against the inner wall of the yielding groove 61, and the position of the rotating portion 41 is adjusted by the push plate 62 when the guiding portion 6 rotates. When the reverse rotation guide part 6 drives the collecting plate 3 to rotate, the push plate 62 rotates to the rotating part 41, the push plate 62 rotates to the abdication groove 61, the phenomenon that the push plate 62 interferes with the rotation of the guide part 6 is reduced, and when the push plate 62 rotates to be separated from the rotating part 41, the push plate 62 rotates to the initial position again under the action of the rotating piece 621, so that the position of the rotating part 41 is adjusted again.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the rotating portion 41 and the scraper 4 are disposed at intervals along the length direction of the drill rod 1, and the rotation axes of the rotating portion 41 and the scraper 4 are disposed on the same line, and a partition is disposed between the rotating portion 41 and the scraper 4, and the side surface of the partition is in rotational abutment with the inner wall of the drill rod 1. The sampling groove 31 is sealed through the baffle plate, so that the phenomenon that a sample enters the yielding groove 61 is reduced, and the stability of the matching of the push plate 62 and the rotating part 41 is improved.

Referring to fig. 8, a sampling port 21 is provided at one end of the collecting tank 2 facing away from the drill bit 12, i.e., the sampling port 21 is provided above the collecting tank 2, and when the scraper 4 rotates to sample, a sample scraped by the scraper 4 falls into the collecting tank 2 to collect the sample. The side of drilling rod 1 is provided with switch board 8, and switch board 8 rotates to set up on drilling rod 1, and switch board 8 sets up on the lateral wall of collecting vat 2, and accessible rotation switch board 8 opens collecting vat 2, and switch board 8 sets up in scraper blade 4 one side that is close to drill bit 12, and switch board 8 deviates from its rotation side and fixes through the bolt. In the initial state, the switch plate 8 is in a closed state, after the sampling is completed, the bolts are disassembled, and then the collecting tank 2 is opened by rotating the switch plate 8, so that the sample is taken out.

The implementation principle of the application is as follows: after drilling the drill rod 1 to the designated depth, the auxiliary piece 51 drives the guide part 6 to rotate, the scraping plate 4 is opened through the pushing plate 62, the guide part 6 is continuously driven to rotate, the drill rod 1 and the scraping plate 4 are driven to synchronously rotate for sampling, then the auxiliary piece 51 reversely drives the guide part 6 to rotate the piece 621, the scraping plate 4 is closed, the drilling is performed again to move the drill rod 1 to a new position, then the auxiliary piece 51 drives different sampling grooves 31 and sampling ports 21 to correspond through the guide part 6, the operations are repeated for sampling, so that sampling operations of different depths are completed, and the sampling efficiency is improved.

The application also discloses a rock-soil drilling sampling method, and the rock-soil drilling sampling equipment is adopted.

A method for sampling rock and soil drilling, comprising the following steps:

s1, driving a drill bit 12 and a drill rod 1 to drill through a drill body, and moving the drill bit 12 to a designated depth;

s2, the auxiliary piece 51 drives the guide part 6 to rotate through the auxiliary rod 52, the guide part 6 drives the rotating part 41 to rotate into the abdication groove 61 through the push plate 62, and meanwhile, the scraping plate 4 is opened;

s3, the auxiliary piece 51 drives the guide part 6 to rotate continuously through the auxiliary rod 52, and the push plate 62 drives the drill rod 1 and the scraping plate 4 to synchronously rotate through the rotating part 41 for sampling;

s4, reversely rotating the auxiliary rod 52 through the auxiliary piece 51 after sampling is completed, and driving the rotating part 41 to return to the initial position through the inner wall of the abdication groove 61 to drive the scraping plate 4 to rotate and close;

s5, continuously moving the drill bit 12 to the other sampling depth, and driving the collecting plate 3 to reversely rotate by the auxiliary piece 51 through the guide part 6 to drive different sampling grooves 31 to correspond to the scraping plates 4;

s6, the auxiliary piece 51 drives the guide part 6 to rotate forwards to repeat the operations S2 and S3 for new sampling;

s7, moving the drill bit 12 to different depths according to sampling requirements to sample respectively;

and S8, taking out the drill rod 1, opening the switch plate 8, and taking out the sample.

The foregoing are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered in the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a rock soil drilling sampling equipment, includes drilling rod (1) and sets up drill bit (12) at drilling rod (1) tip, its characterized in that: the collecting tank (2) has been seted up in drilling rod (1), sampling mouth (21) with collecting tank (2) intercommunication have been seted up to the side of drilling rod (1), be provided with a plurality of collecting plates (3) around the central line of drilling rod (1) in collecting tank (2), collecting plate (3) are close to one side and adjacent collecting plate (3) of drilling rod (1) center and are connected, collecting plate (3) rotate around the central line of drilling rod (1) and set up, two are adjacent collecting plate (3) and collecting tank (2) inner wall surround and form sampling tank (31) that are used for collecting the sample, the outside rotation of drilling rod (1) is provided with mounting panel (13), be provided with auxiliary device (5) that are used for adjusting collecting plate (3) position on mounting panel (13), sampling mouth (21) department rotates and is provided with scraper blade (4), auxiliary device (5) and scraper blade (4) are connected and are used for adjusting the position of scraper blade (4).

2. The geotechnical drilling sampling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: auxiliary device (5) are including auxiliary member (51), auxiliary rod (52) and intermediate lamella (53), auxiliary rod (52) are in drilling rod (1) internal rotation setting, the tip of auxiliary rod (52) extends to the outside of drilling rod (1), auxiliary member (51) set up on mounting panel (13), the output of auxiliary member (51) is connected with auxiliary rod (52) and is used for driving auxiliary rod (52) and rotates, intermediate lamella (53) set up the one end that is close to collecting plate (3) at auxiliary rod (52), intermediate lamella (53) are connected with collecting plate (3).

3. The geotechnical drilling sampling apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the middle plate (53) comprises a guide portion (6), the side of the guide portion (6) and the inner wall of the drill rod (1) are arranged at intervals, the scraping plate (4) is provided with a rotating portion (41) close to the rotating side of the scraping plate, the rotating portion (41) is arranged between the guide portion (6) and the inner wall of the drill rod (1), a yielding groove (61) is formed in the side of the guide portion (6), a pushing plate (62) is arranged in the yielding groove (61), one side of the pushing plate (62) extends to the outside of the yielding groove (61), one side of the pushing plate (62) deviates from the yielding groove (61) and rotates along the direction towards the rotating portion (41), and the guiding portion (6) drives the pushing plate (62) to rotate towards the rotating portion (41) to rotate the rotating portion (41) to the yielding groove (61) so as to open the sampling port (21).

4. A rock and earth drilling sampling apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the yielding grooves (61) and the pushing plates (62) are provided with a plurality of groups, and the yielding grooves (61) and the sampling grooves (31) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence.

5. The geotechnical drilling sampling apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the push plate (62) is rotationally arranged in the yielding groove (61), a rotating piece (621) is arranged at the rotating shaft of the push plate (62), and the rotating piece (621) is used for driving the push plate (62) to rotate along the direction deviating from the rotating part (41).

6. The geotechnical drilling sampling apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the rotary part (41) and the scraping plate (4) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the drill rod (1), the middle plate (53) further comprises a separation part (7), the separation part (7) is arranged between the rotary part (41) and the scraping plate (4), the separation part (7) is abutted against the inner wall of the drill rod (1), the guide part (6) is connected with the auxiliary rod (52), and the separation part (7) is arranged on one side, deviating from the auxiliary rod (52), of the guide part (6).

7. The rock and earth drilling sampling apparatus of claim 5, wherein: the side of drilling rod (1) is provided with switch board (8), switch board (8) set up be used for collecting vat (2) and external intercommunication on the inner wall of collecting vat (2), switch board (8) are fixed on drilling rod (1) through the bolt.

8. A rock and earth drilling sampling apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the side of the rotating part (41) facing away from the scraping plate (4) is provided with a guide inclined plane (42), and the guide inclined plane (42) is arranged at the edge of one side of the end part of the rotating part (41) close to the inner wall of the drill rod (1).

9. The geotechnical drilling sampling apparatus according to claim 8, wherein: the inner wall of the side, far away from the push plate (62), of the abdication groove (61) is arc-shaped, and the circle center of the arc side of the abdication groove (61) is arranged on the side, close to the auxiliary rod (52), of the arc side.

10. A method of sampling rock and earth drilling using the rock and earth drilling sampling apparatus of claim 9 or 7, comprising the steps of:

s1, driving a drill bit (12) and a drill rod (1) to drill through a drill body, and moving the drill bit (12) to a designated depth;

s2, the auxiliary piece (51) drives the guide part (6) to rotate through the auxiliary rod (52), the guide part (6) drives the rotating part (41) to rotate into the abdication groove (61) through the push plate (62), and meanwhile the scraping plate (4) is opened;

s3, the auxiliary piece (51) drives the guide part (6) to rotate continuously through the auxiliary rod (52), and the push plate (62) drives the drill rod (1) and the scraping plate (4) to synchronously rotate through the rotating part (41) for sampling;

s4, reversely rotating an auxiliary rod (52) through an auxiliary piece (51) after sampling is completed, and driving a rotating part (41) to return to an initial position through the inner wall of a yielding groove (61) to drive a scraping plate (4) to rotate and close;

s5, continuously moving the drill bit (12) to the other sampling depth, and driving the collecting plate (3) to reversely rotate by the auxiliary piece (51) through the guide part (6) to drive different sampling grooves (31) to correspond to the scraping plates (4);

s6, the auxiliary piece (51) drives the guide part (6) to rotate forwards, and the operations of S2 and S3 are repeated to perform new sampling;

s7, moving the drill bit (12) to different depths according to sampling requirements to sample respectively;

s8, taking out the drill rod (1), opening the switch plate (8), and taking out the sample.