CN111788909B - Corn miss-seeding reseeding device and control method - Google Patents
Corn miss-seeding reseeding device and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111788909B CN111788909B CN202010331070.0A CN202010331070A CN111788909B CN 111788909 B CN111788909 B CN 111788909B CN 202010331070 A CN202010331070 A CN 202010331070A CN 111788909 B CN111788909 B CN 111788909B
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- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 108010016634 Seed Storage Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
- F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
- F16K31/0675—Electromagnet aspects, e.g. electric supply therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a corn miss-seeding reseeding device and a control method, the corn miss-seeding reseeding device comprises a seed metering device, the seed metering device consists of a seat shell I, a seed metering disc, a first seed filling cavity cover, a seed protecting plate I, a main shaft I, an outer clamping I, a rolling bearing I, a bearing end cover I and a bearing end cover II, the main shaft I is connected with the center of the seed metering disc through an external spline, the axial direction of the seed metering disc is limited by the outer clamping I, the first seed filling cavity cover is fixedly connected with one side of the seat shell one by one, the seed protecting plate I is connected with the inner wall of the seat shell in a circumferential sliding mode, one end of the main shaft is rotatably connected with the center of the first seed filling cavity cover through the rolling bearing I, the other end of the main shaft is rotatably connected with the center of a shell through the rolling bearing I, the corn miss-seeding device also comprises a reseeding device, the miss-seeding rate of a corn precision seeder is effectively reduced, and the seeding quality and the production efficiency is improved; only the left reseeding disc rotates for reseeding when the main shaft II rotates anticlockwise, the right reseeding disc does not rotate, and kinetic energy of a motor is not consumed; the power requirement of the motor is reduced, and the equipment cost is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of seeders, and particularly relates to a corn miss-seeding reseeding device and a control method.
Background
The corn precision seeding is an important technology for improving the corn yield and saving the cost, in the corn planting process, the performance of a precision seeder is an important factor influencing the quality of corn seedlings and the yield, and a seed sowing device is a key part influencing the performance of the precision seeder.
At present, the most maize precision planter that uses domestically adopts mechanical type precision seed metering ware, because the influence of factors such as mechanical structure, field operation environment, the unavoidable phenomenon of broadcasting that appears in the seeding in-process leaks, for example: the single-side seed filling seed sowing device is adopted, and when uneven field operation is carried out, the operation equipment is inclined towards one side, so that seeding leakage is easily caused; in order to improve the operation effect of the seeder and the corn yield, the detection of the miss-seeding phenomenon and the real-time reseeding are the problems which need to be solved.
The newly developed corn miss-seeding reseeding device and the control method thereof replenishes the left seed supporting plate by driving the left reseeding disc to rotate anticlockwise through the anticlockwise rotation of the main shaft II; the right seed supporting plate is reseeded by clockwise rotating the main shaft II to drive the right reseeding disc to clockwise rotate; the center of the left seed replenishing disc and the center of the right seed replenishing disc are provided with a second spline hole, and an external spline on the second spindle is connected with the second spline hole, so that when the second spindle drives the left seed replenishing disc to rotate anticlockwise for seed replenishing operation, the right seed replenishing disc also rotates anticlockwise along with the second spindle, but the seed taking operation is not performed; on the contrary, when the second spindle drives the right reseeding disc to rotate clockwise for reseeding operation, the left reseeding disc also rotates clockwise along with the second spindle, but the seed taking operation is not performed. Therefore, the left seed replenishing plate or the right seed replenishing plate always rotates ineffectively, but the kinetic energy of the motor is still consumed to drive the left seed replenishing plate or the right seed replenishing plate to rotate, the motor with higher power needs to be selected invisibly, and the cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a corn miss-seeding reseeding device and a control method, wherein one reseeding device is adopted to reseed two rows of seed metering devices, the structure is simple and compact, the reseeding accuracy and the real-time performance are high, the miss-seeding rate of a corn precision seeding machine can be effectively reduced, and the seeding quality and the production efficiency are improved; only the left reseeding disc rotates for reseeding when the main shaft II rotates anticlockwise, the right reseeding disc does not rotate, and kinetic energy of a motor is not consumed; the clockwise rotation of the second spindle only enables the right reseeding disc to rotate for reseeding, the left reseeding disc does not rotate, kinetic energy of the motor is not consumed, the power requirement of the motor is reduced, and the equipment cost is saved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a corn miss-seeding reseeding device comprises a seed sowing device, wherein the seed sowing device consists of a seat shell I, a seed sowing disk, a first seed filling cavity cover, a seed protecting plate I, a main shaft I, an outer clamping I, a rolling bearing I, a bearing end cover I and a bearing end cover II, the seat shell I is arranged below the seeder, the main shaft I is connected with the center of the seed metering disc through an external spline, the seed discharging disc is axially limited by an external clamp, the first seed filling cavity cover is fixedly connected with one side of the seat shell, the seed protection plate I is connected with the inner wall of the seat shell in a circumferential sliding mode, one end of a main shaft is rotatably connected with the center of a first seed filling cavity cover through a rolling bearing I, the other end of the main shaft is rotatably connected with the center of the shell through a rolling bearing I, a bearing end cover I is connected with the center end face of the first seed filling cavity cover, a bearing end cover II is connected with the center end face of the shell, the seed supplementing device further comprises a seed supplementing device, and the seed supplementing device is directly arranged on an adjacent seed metering device.
The reseeding device consists of a seat shell II, a left reseeding disc, a right reseeding disc, a left reseeding cavity cover, a right reseeding cavity cover, a seed protecting plate II, a main shaft II, an outer clamp II, a rolling bearing II, a bearing end cover III and a bearing end cover IV, the seat shell II is arranged below the seeder, the main shaft II is provided with a convex shoulder, the centers of the left seed replenishing plate and the right seed replenishing plate are rotationally connected with the main shaft II, the left seed replenishing plate and the right seed replenishing plate are separated by a convex shoulder, the left seed replenishing cavity cover is fixedly connected with one side of the seat shell, the right seed filling cavity cover is fixedly connected with the other side of the seat shell II, the seed protecting plate II is connected with the inner wall of the seat shell II in a circumferential sliding mode, one end of the main shaft II is rotatably connected with the center of the left seed filling cavity cover through a rolling bearing II, the other end of the main shaft II is rotatably connected with the center of the right seed filling cavity cover through a rolling bearing II, the third bearing end cover is connected with the central end face of the left seed filling cavity cover, and the fourth bearing end cover is connected with the central end face of the right seed filling cavity cover.
The left side is mended kind and is coiled the left side and is equipped with left ratchet drive assembly, and left ratchet drive assembly comprises left ratchet, left swivel mount, left ratchet and left apron, left side ratchet and left side are mended kind of dish fastening connection, left side swivel mount is connected with two main shafts through ordinary flat key, be equipped with left groove on the seat of turning left, left side ratchet and left groove sliding connection, and be equipped with the spring in left side inslot, left side apron and left ratchet terminal surface fastening connection.
The right side is mended kind and is coiled the right side and is equipped with right ratchet drive assembly, and right ratchet drive assembly comprises right ratchet, right swivel mount, right ratchet and right apron, right ratchet and right side are mended kind of dish fastening connection, right swivel mount is connected with main shaft two through ordinary parallel key, be equipped with the right groove on the swivel mount of the right side, right ratchet and right groove sliding connection just are equipped with the spring in the right groove, right apron and right ratchet terminal surface fastening connection.
The left side of the left rotating seat and the right side of the right rotating seat are limited axially by an outer clamp.
The lower end of the seat shell is provided with a first seed storage hopper, one side face of the first seed storage hopper is provided with an optical fiber sensor, and the lower end of the first seed storage hopper is communicated with a first blanking pipe.
Two lower extremes of seat shell are equipped with seed storage hopper two, are equipped with the baffle in the middle of the seed storage hopper two, will store up seed storage hopper two and divide into left cavity and right cavity, be equipped with left rotary cylinder on the outer wall of left cavity, it has left rotation axis to run through in the left cavity, and left rotation axis is rotatory by left rotary cylinder drive, left rotation axis sets firmly left support blank soon, be equipped with right rotary cylinder on the outer wall of right cavity, it has right rotation axis to run through in the right cavity, and right rotation axis is rotatory by right rotary cylinder drive, right rotation axis sets firmly right support blank soon.
Preferably, the left rotating seat and the right rotating seat have the same structure, and a balance block is arranged at the lower end of the left rotating seat and the right rotating seat.
Preferably, the center of the seed discharging disc is provided with a first spline hole, an outer spline on the first main shaft is connected with the first spline hole, the edge of the end face of the seed discharging disc presents a plurality of first type holes, the edge of the other end face of the seed discharging disc presents a plurality of first seed outlets, a plurality of first U-shaped bends are uniformly arranged in the seed discharging disc in the circumferential direction, one end of each first U-shaped bend is communicated with the first type hole, and the other end of each first U-shaped bend is communicated with the first seed outlet.
Preferably, the center of the left seed replenishing plate and the center of the right seed replenishing plate are provided with cylindrical holes, a second main shaft is rotatably connected with the cylindrical holes, the edges of the end surfaces of the left seed replenishing plate and the right seed replenishing plate are provided with a plurality of second type holes, the edges of the other end surfaces of the left seed replenishing plate and the right seed replenishing plate are provided with a plurality of second seed outlets, the edges of the other end surfaces of the left seed replenishing plate and the right seed replenishing plate are provided with a plurality of second U-shaped bends, one ends of the second U-shaped bends are communicated with the second type holes, and the other ends of the second U-shaped bends are communicated with the second seed outlets.
Preferably, the number of the second holes on the left rotating seat is odd, and only one side of the left rotating seat is provided with a left groove; the number of the second shaped holes on the right rotary seat is odd, and only one side of the right rotary seat is provided with a right groove; the number of the second molded holes on the left rotating seat is even, and left grooves are formed in two sides of the left rotating seat; the number of the second shaped holes on the right rotating seat is even, and right grooves are formed in two sides of the right rotating seat.
Preferably, the lower end of the left chamber is connected with a left seed replenishing pipe, the lower end of the right chamber is connected with a right seed replenishing pipe, the left seed replenishing pipe is communicated and connected with a first blanking pipe of the left adjacent seed metering device, and the right seed replenishing pipe is communicated and connected with a first blanking pipe of the right adjacent seed metering device.
Preferably, the device further comprises a control system, the control system comprises a single chip microcomputer, a first electromagnetic valve and a second electromagnetic valve, an optical fiber sensor at the lower end of the left seed metering device and an optical fiber sensor at the lower end of the right seed metering device are respectively in signal connection with the input end of the single chip microcomputer, the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are in signal connection with the output end of the single chip microcomputer, the first electromagnetic valve is connected with the left rotary air cylinder through an air pipe, and the second electromagnetic valve is connected with the right rotary air cylinder through an air pipe.
A control method of a corn miss-seeding reseeding device, which comprises the following steps,
s1: the optical fiber sensor at the lower end of the seed metering device on the left side and the optical fiber sensor at the lower end of the seed metering device on the right side are started to work;
s10: judging whether seeds fall in the left seed storage hopper I or not, if yes, returning to the step S1, and if not, performing S11;
s11: the first electromagnetic valve is switched to the left position from the middle position and is switched on, and the left rotary air cylinder rotates clockwise to enable the left seed supporting plate to rotate clockwise to be opened, so that the missing seeding and reseeding of the adjacent seed sowing device on the left side are realized;
s12: the first electromagnetic valve is switched from the left position to the right position to be communicated, and the left rotary air cylinder rotates anticlockwise to enable the left seed supporting plate to rotate anticlockwise to be closed so as to prepare for supporting seeds;
s13: the second main shaft rotates anticlockwise, the left reseeding disc rotates anticlockwise, the right reseeding disc does not rotate, and the left reseeding disc replenishes seeds on the left seed supporting plate;
s20: judging whether seeds fall in the right seed storage hopper I or not, if yes, returning to the step S1, and if not, performing S21;
s21: the second electromagnetic valve is switched from the middle position to the right position to be communicated, and the right rotary cylinder rotates anticlockwise to enable the right seed supporting plate to rotate anticlockwise to be opened, so that the missing seeding and reseeding of the adjacent seed sowing devices on the right side are realized;
s22: the electromagnetic valve II is switched from the right position to the left position to be communicated, and the right rotary cylinder rotates clockwise to enable the right seed supporting plate to rotate clockwise to be closed so as to prepare for supporting seeds;
s23: and the second main shaft rotates clockwise, the left reseeding disc does not rotate at the moment, and the right reseeding disc rotates clockwise, so that the right reseeding disc replenishes seeds on the right seed supporting plate.
The beneficial effect of adopting above technical scheme is:
1. according to the corn miss-seeding reseeding device, the second spindle is provided with the convex shoulder, the centers of the left reseeding disc and the right reseeding disc are rotatably connected with the second spindle, the left reseeding disc and the right reseeding disc are separated by the convex shoulder, the side walls of the left reseeding disc and the right reseeding disc are prevented from being contacted, only the left reseeding disc rotates for reseeding when the second spindle rotates anticlockwise, and the right reseeding disc does not rotate; and the second spindle rotates clockwise only by the right reseeding disc, and the left reseeding disc does not rotate, so that a structural foundation is provided.
The left side of the left seed supplementing disc is provided with a left ratchet wheel driving assembly, the left ratchet wheel driving assembly consists of a left ratchet wheel, a left rotating seat, a left ratchet and a left cover plate, the left ratchet wheel is fixedly connected with the left seed supplementing disc, the left rotating seat is connected with a second main shaft through a common flat key, a left groove is formed in the left rotating seat, the left ratchet is connected with the left groove in a sliding mode, and a spring is arranged in the left groove; the main shaft II rotates anticlockwise to drive the left rotating seat and the right rotating seat to rotate anticlockwise, the left ratchet is always in contact with the left ratchet wheel under the action of the elastic force of a spring in the left groove, the left ratchet locks the left ratchet wheel to rotate anticlockwise, the left ratchet wheel drives the left reseeding disc to rotate anticlockwise, the right ratchet wheel cannot be locked by the right ratchet wheel, the right reseeding disc does not rotate, and the left reseeding disc is enabled to reseed seeds on the left seed supporting plate; the left cover plate is tightly connected with the end face of the left ratchet wheel, so that the left rotary seat and the left ratchet are packaged inside the left ratchet wheel, and the seeds are prevented from falling into the left ratchet wheel to influence the operation of the driving mechanism.
A right ratchet wheel driving assembly is arranged on the right side of the right reseeding disc, the right ratchet wheel driving assembly consists of a right ratchet wheel, a right rotating seat, a right ratchet and a right cover plate, the right ratchet wheel is fixedly connected with the right reseeding disc, the right rotating seat is connected with a second main shaft through a common flat key, a right groove is formed in the right rotating seat, the right ratchet is in sliding connection with the right groove, and a spring is arranged in the right groove; the main shaft II rotates clockwise to drive the left rotating seat and the right rotating seat to rotate clockwise, the right ratchet is always in contact with the right ratchet wheel under the action of the spring force in the right groove, the right ratchet locks the right ratchet wheel to rotate clockwise, the right ratchet wheel drives the right reseeding disc to rotate clockwise, the left ratchet cannot lock the left ratchet wheel, the left reseeding disc does not rotate, and the left reseeding disc is enabled to reseed on the left seed supporting plate; the right cover plate is tightly connected with the end face of the right ratchet wheel, so that the right rotary seat and the right ratchet are packaged in the right ratchet wheel, and the seeds are prevented from falling into the right ratchet wheel to influence the operation of the driving mechanism.
The left side of the left rotating seat and the right side of the right rotating seat are limited axially through two external clamps, so that the left rotating seat and the right rotating seat are prevented from moving axially, and the axial positions of the left ratchet and the left ratchet wheel and the axial positions of the right ratchet and the right ratchet wheel are ensured to be stable.
The lower end of a seat shell of the seed sowing device is provided with a first seed storage hopper, and one side surface of the first seed storage hopper is provided with an optical fiber sensor, so that the seed falling of the seed sowing device is monitored in real time, and a miss-seeding real-time signal is provided for a single chip microcomputer; the lower end of the seed storage hopper I is communicated with the seed dropping pipe I, so that seeds are guaranteed to accurately fall into a ditch formed by the ditcher, and the seeds are prevented from falling onto the soil at two sides to cause sowing failure.
Two lower extremes of seat shell are equipped with seed storage hopper two, are equipped with the baffle in the middle of the seed storage hopper two, will store up seed storage hopper two and divide into left cavity and right cavity, be equipped with left revolving cylinder on the outer wall of left cavity, run through left rotation axis in the left cavity, and left rotation axis is rotatory by left revolving cylinder drive, left rotation axis sets firmly left seed supporting plate, be equipped with right revolving cylinder on the outer wall of right cavity, it has right rotation axis to run through in the right cavity, and right rotation axis is rotatory by right revolving cylinder drive, right rotation axis sets firmly right seed supporting plate, provides the mechanism support for adopting a reseeding device to reseed two lines of seed metering devices.
The left rotating seat and the right rotating seat are identical in structure, and the balance block is arranged at the lower end, so that the stability of the dynamic balance of the left rotating seat and the right rotating seat along with the rotation of the second main shaft is ensured, and the mechanical vibration is reduced.
2. The number of the second holes on the left rotating seat is odd, and only one side of the left rotating seat is provided with a left groove; the number of the second shaped holes on the right rotary seat is odd, and only one side of the right rotary seat is provided with a right groove; then set up the balancing piece at left swivel mount and right swivel mount lower extreme, guaranteed left swivel mount and right swivel mount along with two pivoted dynamic balance's of main shaft stability, reduced mechanical vibration.
The number of the second molded holes on the left rotating seat is even, and left grooves are formed in two sides of the left rotating seat; the number of the second molded holes on the right rotating seat is even, the right grooves are formed in two sides of the right rotating seat, balance blocks do not need to be arranged at the lower ends of the left rotating seat and the right rotating seat, the dynamic balance stability of the left rotating seat and the right rotating seat along with the rotation of the second main shaft is guaranteed, and mechanical vibration is reduced.
3. The control system comprises a single chip microcomputer, a first electromagnetic valve and a second electromagnetic valve, wherein an optical fiber sensor at the lower end of a left seed sowing device and an optical fiber sensor at the lower end of a right seed sowing device are respectively in signal connection with the input end of the single chip microcomputer, the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are in signal connection with the output end of the single chip microcomputer, the first electromagnetic valve is connected with a left rotating cylinder through an air pipe, and the second electromagnetic valve is connected with a right rotating cylinder through an air pipe.
Firstly, respectively putting corn seeds into first seed filling cavity covers on two sides and a left seed filling cavity cover and a right seed filling cavity cover in the middle, then enabling seed sowing devices on two sides to work, driving a seed sowing disc to rotate through the matching of a first main shaft and a first spline hole, enabling the seeds in the first seed filling cavity cover to enter a first U-shaped bend through the first section hole on the seed sowing disc, then discharging the seeds from a first seed outlet, enabling the seeds to enter a first seed storage hopper, and enabling the seeds to fall into a sowing ditch formed by a ditcher along a first blanking pipe.
When the seeding devices on the two sides perform seeding operation, the following steps are performed:
s1: the optical fiber sensor at the lower end of the seed metering device on the left side and the optical fiber sensor at the lower end of the seed metering device on the right side are started to work;
s10: judging whether seeds fall in the left seed storage hopper I or not, if yes, returning to the step S1, and if not, performing S11;
s11: the first electromagnetic valve is switched to the left position from the middle position and is switched on, and the left rotary air cylinder rotates clockwise to enable the left seed supporting plate to rotate clockwise to be opened, so that the missing seeding and reseeding of the adjacent seed sowing device on the left side are realized;
s12: the first electromagnetic valve is switched from the left position to the right position to be communicated, and the left rotary air cylinder rotates anticlockwise to enable the left seed supporting plate to rotate anticlockwise to be closed so as to prepare for supporting seeds;
s13: the second main shaft rotates anticlockwise, the left reseeding disc rotates anticlockwise, the right reseeding disc does not rotate, and the left reseeding disc replenishes seeds on the left seed supporting plate;
s20: judging whether seeds fall in the right seed storage hopper I or not, if yes, returning to the step S1, and if not, performing S21;
s21: the second electromagnetic valve is switched from the middle position to the right position to be communicated, and the right rotary cylinder rotates anticlockwise to enable the right seed supporting plate to rotate anticlockwise to be opened, so that the missing seeding and reseeding of the adjacent seed sowing devices on the right side are realized;
s22: the electromagnetic valve II is switched from the right position to the left position to be communicated, and the right rotary cylinder rotates clockwise to enable the right seed supporting plate to rotate clockwise to be closed so as to prepare for supporting seeds;
s23: and the second main shaft rotates clockwise, the left reseeding disc does not rotate at the moment, and the right reseeding disc rotates clockwise, so that the right reseeding disc replenishes seeds on the right seed supporting plate.
The invention adopts one reseeding device to reseed two rows of seed metering devices, has simple and compact structure and high reseeding accuracy and real-time performance, can effectively reduce the miss-seeding rate of the corn precision seeding machine, and improves the seeding quality and the production efficiency.
According to the invention, the main shaft II rotates anticlockwise, only the left reseeding disc rotates for reseeding, the right reseeding disc does not rotate, and the kinetic energy of the motor is not consumed; the clockwise rotation of the second spindle only enables the right reseeding disc to rotate for reseeding, the left reseeding disc does not rotate, kinetic energy of the motor is not consumed, the power requirement of the motor is reduced, and the equipment cost is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an assembly drawing of the installation position of the corn miss-seeding reseeding device;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the installation position of the corn miss-seeding reseeding device;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the seed meter;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a reseeding device;
FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view of the portion A in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the second seed storage hopper;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a seed metering disk;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the left reseeding disk;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the right reseeding disk;
FIG. 10 is a left side view of the left ratchet drive assembly mounted with the left reseeding disk;
FIG. 11 is a left side view of the right ratchet drive assembly mounted with the right reseeding disk;
FIG. 12 is a right side view of a second configuration of the left swivel;
FIG. 13 is a front view of the left swivel base in a second configuration;
FIG. 14 is a right side view of the right swivel base in a second configuration;
FIG. 15 is a front view of a second construction of the right swivel;
FIG. 16 is a control system hardware connection diagram;
FIG. 17 is a logic diagram of the control method operation;
wherein:
1. a seed sowing device; 2. a seed supplementing device;
10. a first seat shell; 11. a seed discharging tray; 12. a first seed charging chamber cover; 13. protecting a first plate; 14. a first main shaft; 15. an outer card I; 16. a first rolling bearing; 17. a first bearing end cover; 18. a second bearing end cover;
1-1, a spline hole I; 1-2, forming a first hole; 1-3, a first seed outlet; 1-4, a first U-shaped bend;
100. a first seed storage hopper; 101. an optical fiber sensor; 102. a first blanking pipe;
20. a second seat shell; 21. left seed replenishing; 21-1, a left ratchet wheel; 21-2, a left rotating seat; 21-20, left groove; 21-21, a balance weight; 21-3, a left ratchet; 21-4, a left cover plate; 22. Right seed replenishing; 22-1, right ratchet wheel; 22-2, a right rotary seat; 22-20, right groove; 22-3, right ratchet; 22-4, a right cover plate; 23. a left seed charging cavity cover; 24. a right seed charging chamber cover; 25. a second seed protection plate; 26. a second main shaft; 26-1, shoulder; 27. a second external card; 28. a second rolling bearing; 29. a third bearing end cover; 29-1 and a bearing end cover IV;
2-1, a spline hole II; 2-2, forming a second hole; 2-3, a second seed outlet; 2-4, a U-shaped bend II;
200. a second seed storage hopper; 201. a partition plate; 201-1, left chamber; 201-2, right chamber; 202. a left rotary cylinder; 203. a left rotating shaft; 204. a left seed supporting plate; 205. a left seed replenishing pipe; 206. a right-handed rotating cylinder; 207. a right rotating shaft; 208. a right seed supporting plate; 209. and (7) a right seed replenishing pipe.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings for a purpose of helping those skilled in the art to more fully, accurately and deeply understand the concept and technical solution of the present invention and to facilitate its implementation.
As shown in fig. 1 to 17, the invention is a corn miss-seeding reseeding device and a control method, one reseeding device is adopted to reseed two rows of seed metering devices, the structure is simple and compact, the reseeding accuracy and the real-time performance are high, the miss-seeding rate of a corn precision seeding machine can be effectively reduced, and the seeding quality and the production efficiency are improved; only the left reseeding disc rotates for reseeding when the main shaft II rotates anticlockwise, the right reseeding disc does not rotate, and kinetic energy of a motor is not consumed; the clockwise rotation of the second spindle only enables the right reseeding disc to rotate for reseeding, the left reseeding disc does not rotate, kinetic energy of the motor is not consumed, the power requirement of the motor is reduced, and the equipment cost is saved.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 17, the seed metering device 1 comprises a seed metering device 1, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the seed metering device 1 comprises a seat shell I10, a seed metering disc 11, a first seed charging cavity cover 12, a seed protecting plate I13, a main shaft I14, an outer clamping I15, a rolling bearing I16, a bearing end cover I17 and a bearing end cover II 18, the seat shell I10 is installed below a seeder, the main shaft I14 is connected with the center of the seed metering disc 11 through an external spline, the seed metering disc 11 is limited by the outer clamping I15 in the axial direction, the first seed charging cavity cover 12 is fixedly connected with one side of the seat shell I10, the seed protecting plate I13 is connected with the inner wall of the seat shell I10 in a circumferential sliding manner, one end of the main shaft I14 is rotatably connected with the center of the first seed charging cavity cover 12 through the rolling bearing I16, the other end of the main shaft I14 is rotatably connected with the center of the shell through the rolling bearing end cover I16, and the bearing end cover I17 is connected with the center end face of the first seed charging cavity cover 12, the second bearing end cover 18 is connected with the central end face of the shell, the second bearing end cover further comprises a seed replenisher 2, and the seed replenisher 2 is directly arranged on the adjacent seed sowing device 1.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, the reseeding device 2 comprises a second seat shell 20, a left reseeding disc 21, a right reseeding disc 22, a left reseeding cavity cover 23, a right reseeding cavity cover 24, a second seed protecting plate 25, a second main shaft 26, a second outer clamping plate 27, a second rolling bearing 28, a third bearing end cover 29 and a fourth bearing end cover 29-1, wherein the second seat shell 20 is installed below the seeding machine, a shoulder 26-1 is arranged on the second main shaft 26, the centers of the left reseeding disc 21 and the right reseeding disc 22 are rotatably connected with the second main shaft 26, the left reseeding disc 21 and the right reseeding disc 22 are separated by the shoulder 26-1, the left reseeding cavity cover 23 is fixedly connected with one side of the second seat shell 20, the right reseeding cavity cover 24 is fixedly connected with the other side of the second seat shell 20, the second seed protecting plate 25 is circumferentially and slidably connected with the inner wall of the second seat shell 20, one end of the second main shaft 26 is rotatably connected with the center of the left reseeding cavity cover 23 through the second rolling bearing 28, the other end of the second main shaft 26 is rotationally connected with the center of the right seed filling cavity cover 24 through a second rolling bearing 28, a third bearing end cover 29 is connected with the center end face of the left seed filling cavity cover 23, and a fourth bearing end cover 29-1 is connected with the center end face of the right seed filling cavity cover 24.
As shown in fig. 4 and 10, a left ratchet wheel driving assembly is arranged on the left side of the left seed replenishing disc 21, the left ratchet wheel driving assembly is composed of a left ratchet wheel 21-1, a left rotating seat 21-2, a left ratchet 21-3 and a left cover plate 21-4, the left ratchet wheel 21-1 is tightly connected with the left seed replenishing disc 21, the left rotating seat 21-2 is connected with a second main shaft 26 through a common flat key, a left groove 21-20 is arranged on the left rotating seat 21-2, the left ratchet 21-3 is slidably connected with the left groove 21-20, a spring is arranged in the left groove 21-20, and the left cover plate 21-4 is tightly connected with the end face of the left ratchet wheel 21-1.
As shown in fig. 4 and 11, a right ratchet wheel driving assembly is arranged on the right side of the right reseeding disc 22, the right ratchet wheel driving assembly is composed of a right ratchet wheel 22-1, a right rotary seat 22-2, a right ratchet 22-3 and a right cover plate 22-4, the right ratchet wheel 22-1 is tightly connected with the right reseeding disc 22, the right rotary seat 22-2 is connected with a second main shaft 26 through a common flat key, a right groove 22-20 is arranged on the right rotary seat 22-2, the right ratchet 22-3 is connected with the right groove 22-20 in a sliding manner, a spring is arranged in the right groove 22-20, and the right cover plate 22-4 is tightly connected with the end face of the right ratchet wheel 22-3.
As shown in FIG. 4, the left side of the left rotating base 21-2 and the right side of the right rotating base 22-2 are axially limited by the outer clamp.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the lower end of the seat shell I10 is provided with a seed storage hopper I100, the side surface of the seed storage hopper I100 is provided with an optical fiber sensor 101, and the lower end of the seed storage hopper I100 is communicated with a blanking pipe I102.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6, a second seed storage hopper 200 is disposed at the lower end of the second seat shell 20, a partition 201 is disposed in the middle of the second seed storage hopper 200, the second seed storage hopper 200 is divided into a left chamber 201-1 and a right chamber 201-2, a left rotation cylinder 202 is disposed on the outer wall of the left chamber 201-1, a left rotation shaft 203 penetrates through the left chamber 201-1, the left rotation shaft 203 is driven by the left rotation cylinder 202 to rotate, a left seed supporting plate 204 is fastened on the left rotation shaft 203, a right rotation cylinder 206 is disposed on the outer wall of the right chamber 201-2, a right rotation shaft 207 penetrates through the right chamber 201-2, the right rotation shaft 207 is driven by the right rotation cylinder 206 to rotate, and a right seed supporting plate 208 is fastened on the right rotation shaft 207.
As shown in FIG. 4, the left rotating base 21-2 and the right rotating base 22-2 have the same structure, and a balance weight 21-21 is provided at the lower end.
As shown in figure 7, a spline hole I1-1 is arranged in the center of the seed discharging disc 11, an external spline on the main shaft I14 is connected with the spline hole I1-1, a plurality of shaped holes I1-2 are uniformly arranged on the edge of the end face of the seed discharging disc 11 in a circumferential manner, a plurality of seed outlets I1-3 are uniformly arranged on the edge of the other end face of the seed discharging disc 11 in a circumferential manner, a plurality of U-shaped bent channels I1-4 are uniformly arranged in the seed discharging disc 11 in a circumferential manner, one end of each U-shaped bent channel I1-4 is communicated with the corresponding shaped hole I1-2, and the other end of each U-shaped bent channel I1-4 is communicated with the corresponding seed outlet I1-3.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, a cylindrical hole 2-1 is formed in the center of the left seed replenishing disc 21 and the right seed replenishing disc 22, a second main shaft 26 is rotatably connected with the cylindrical hole 2-1, a plurality of second shaped holes 2-2 are uniformly formed in the edges of the end surfaces of the left seed replenishing disc 21 and the right seed replenishing disc 22, a plurality of second seed outlets 2-3 are uniformly formed in the edges of the other end surfaces of the left seed replenishing disc 21 and the right seed replenishing disc 22, a plurality of second U-shaped bends 2-4 are uniformly formed in the edges of the left seed replenishing disc 21 and the right seed replenishing disc 22, one end of each second U-shaped bend 2-4 is communicated with the corresponding second shaped hole 2-2, and the other end of each second U-shaped bend 2-4 is communicated with the corresponding second seed outlet 2-3.
As shown in fig. 4, the number of the second holes 2-2 on the left rotating base 21-2 is odd, and only one side of the left rotating base 21-2 is provided with a left groove 21-20; the number of the second holes 2-2 on the right rotary seat 22-2 is odd, and only one side of the right rotary seat 22-2 is provided with a right groove 22-20; as shown in fig. 12 and 13, an even number of second holes 2-2 are formed in the left rotating base 21-2, and left grooves 21-20 are formed in two sides of the left rotating base 21-2; as shown in fig. 14 and 15, an even number of second holes 2-2 are formed in the right rotary seat 22-2, and right grooves 22-20 are formed in two sides of the right rotary seat 22-2.
As shown in FIG. 2, the lower end of the left chamber 201-1 is connected with a left seed replenishing pipe 205, the lower end of the right chamber 201-2 is connected with a right seed replenishing pipe 209, the left seed replenishing pipe 205 is communicated and connected with the first blanking pipe 102 of the adjacent seed metering device 1 on the left side, and the right seed replenishing pipe 209 is communicated and connected with the first blanking pipe 102 of the adjacent seed metering device 1 on the right side.
As shown in fig. 16 and 17, the intelligent seeding apparatus further comprises a control system, wherein the control system comprises a single chip microcomputer, a first electromagnetic valve and a second electromagnetic valve, the optical fiber sensor 101 at the lower end of the left seeding apparatus 1 and the optical fiber sensor 101 at the lower end of the right seeding apparatus 1 are respectively in signal connection with the input end of the single chip microcomputer, the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are in signal connection with the output end of the single chip microcomputer, the first electromagnetic valve is connected with the left rotary cylinder 202 through an air pipe, and the second electromagnetic valve is connected with the right rotary cylinder 206 through an air pipe.
A control method of a corn miss-seeding reseeding device, which comprises the following steps,
s1: the optical fiber sensor 101 at the lower end of the left seed sowing device 1 and the optical fiber sensor 101 at the lower end of the right seed sowing device 1 are started to work;
s10: judging whether seeds fall in the left seed storage hopper 100, if so, returning to the step S1, otherwise, performing S11;
s11: the first electromagnetic valve is switched to the left position from the middle position and is switched on, the left rotary cylinder 202 rotates clockwise, the left seed supporting plate 204 rotates clockwise to be opened, and the missing seeding and reseeding of the adjacent seed sowing device 1 on the left side are realized;
s12: the first electromagnetic valve is switched to be connected from the left position to the right position, the left rotary air cylinder 202 rotates anticlockwise, the left seed supporting plate 204 rotates anticlockwise to be closed, and preparation is made for seed supporting;
s13: the second main shaft 26 rotates anticlockwise, at the moment, the left seed replenishing disc 21 rotates anticlockwise, the right seed replenishing disc 22 does not rotate, and the left seed replenishing disc 21 replenishes seeds on the left seed supporting plate 204;
s20: judging whether seeds fall in the right seed storage hopper 100, if so, returning to the step S1, otherwise, performing S21;
s21: the second electromagnetic valve is switched from the middle position to the right position to be communicated, and the right rotary cylinder 206 rotates anticlockwise to open the right seed supporting plate 208 in an anticlockwise rotating mode, so that the missing seeding and reseeding of the adjacent seed sowing device 1 on the right side are realized;
s22: the second electromagnetic valve is switched to be switched on from the right position to the left position, and the right rotary air cylinder 206 rotates clockwise to close the right seed supporting plate 208 in a clockwise rotating mode to prepare for seed supporting;
s23: the second main shaft 26 rotates clockwise, at this time, the left reseeding disk 21 does not rotate, and the right reseeding disk 22 rotates clockwise, so that the right reseeding disk 22 replenishes seeds on the right seed supporting plate 208.
The following specific working modes are illustrated by specific examples:
example 1:
according to the corn miss-seeding reseeding device, the convex shoulder 26-1 is arranged on the second main shaft 26, the centers of the left reseeding disc 21 and the right reseeding disc 22 are rotatably connected with the second main shaft 26, the left reseeding disc 21 and the right reseeding disc 22 are separated by the convex shoulder 26-1, the contact of the side walls of the left reseeding disc 21 and the right reseeding disc 22 is avoided, only the left reseeding disc 21 rotates for anticlockwise rotation of the second main shaft 26, and the right reseeding disc 22 does not rotate; the second main shaft 26 rotates clockwise, only the right seed replenishing disc 22 rotates for seed replenishing, and the left seed replenishing disc 21 does not rotate, so that a structural foundation is provided.
The left side of the left seed replenishing disc 21 is provided with a left ratchet wheel driving assembly, the left ratchet wheel driving assembly consists of a left ratchet wheel 21-1, a left rotating seat 21-2, a left ratchet 21-3 and a left cover plate 21-4, the left ratchet wheel 21-1 is tightly connected with the left seed replenishing disc 21, the left rotating seat 21-2 is connected with a second main shaft 26 through a common flat key, the left rotating seat 21-2 is provided with a left groove 21-20, the left ratchet 21-1 is in sliding connection with the left groove 21-20, and a spring is arranged in the left groove 21-20; the second main shaft 26 rotates anticlockwise to drive the left rotating seat 21-2 and the right rotating seat 22-2 to rotate anticlockwise, the left ratchet 21-3 is always in contact with the left ratchet wheel 21-1 under the action of spring force in the left groove 21-20, the left ratchet 21-3 locks the left ratchet wheel 21-1 to rotate anticlockwise, the left ratchet wheel 21-1 drives the left seed replenishing plate 21 to rotate anticlockwise, the right ratchet 22-3 does not lock the right ratchet wheel 22-1, and the right seed replenishing plate 22 does not rotate, so that the left seed replenishing plate 21 replenishes seeds on the left seed supporting plate 204; the left cover plate 21-4 is tightly connected with the end face of the left ratchet wheel 21-1, so that the left rotating seat 21-2 and the left ratchet 21-3 are ensured to be packaged inside the left ratchet wheel 21-1, and the seeds are prevented from falling into the left ratchet wheel 21-1 to influence the operation of the driving mechanism.
The right side of the right reseeding disc 22 is provided with a right ratchet wheel driving assembly, the right ratchet wheel driving assembly consists of a right ratchet wheel 22-1, a right rotating seat 22-2, a right ratchet 22-3 and a right cover plate 22-4, the right ratchet wheel 22-1 is fixedly connected with the right reseeding disc 22, the right rotating seat 22-2 is connected with a second main shaft 26 through a common flat key, the right rotating seat 22-2 is provided with a right groove 22-20, the right ratchet 22-3 is in sliding connection with the right groove 22-20, and a spring is arranged in the right groove 22-20; the second main shaft 26 rotates clockwise to drive the left rotating seat 21-2 and the right rotating seat 22-2 to rotate clockwise, the right ratchet 22-3 is always in contact with the right ratchet wheel 22-1 under the action of the spring force in the right groove 22-20, the right ratchet 22-3 locks the right ratchet wheel 22-1 to rotate clockwise, the right ratchet wheel 22-1 drives the right reseeding disc 22 to rotate clockwise, the left ratchet 21-3 cannot lock the left ratchet wheel 21-1, the left reseeding disc 21 does not rotate, and the right reseeding disc 22 replenishes seeds on the right reseeding disc 208; the right cover plate 22-4 is tightly connected with the end face of the right ratchet wheel 22-1, so that the right rotating seat 22-2 and the right ratchet 22-3 are packaged inside the right ratchet wheel 22-1, and the seeds are prevented from falling into the right ratchet wheel 22-1 to influence the operation of the driving mechanism.
The left side of the left rotating seat 21-2 and the right side of the right rotating seat 22-2 are limited axially by two external clamps, so that the left rotating seat 21-2 and the right rotating seat 22-2 are prevented from moving axially, and the axial positions of the left ratchet 21-3 and the left ratchet 21-1 and the axial positions of the right ratchet 22-3 and the right ratchet 22-1 are ensured to be stable.
The lower end of a seat shell I10 of the seed sowing device 1 is provided with a seed storage hopper I100, the side surface of the seed storage hopper I100 is provided with an optical fiber sensor 101, so that the seed falling of the seed sowing device 1 is monitored in real time, and a miss-seeding real-time signal is provided for a single chip microcomputer; the lower end of the first seed storage hopper 100 is communicated with a first blanking pipe 102, so that seeds are guaranteed to accurately fall into a ditch formed by the ditcher, and the seeds are prevented from falling onto the soil piled on two sides to cause sowing failure.
The lower end of the seat shell II 20 is provided with a seed storage hopper II 200, a partition plate 201 is arranged in the middle of the seed storage hopper II 200, the seed storage hopper II 200 is divided into a left chamber 201-1 and a right chamber 201-2, a left rotary cylinder 202 is arranged on the outer wall of the left chamber 201-1, a left rotary shaft 203 penetrates through the left chamber 201-1, the left rotary shaft 203 is driven to rotate by the left rotary cylinder 202, a left seed supporting plate 204 is fixedly arranged on the left rotary shaft 203, a right rotary cylinder 206 is arranged on the outer wall of the right chamber 201-2, a right rotary shaft 207 penetrates through the right chamber 201-2, the right rotary shaft 207 is driven to rotate by the right rotary cylinder 206, a right seed supporting plate 208 is fixedly arranged on the right rotary shaft 207, and a mechanism support is provided for performing a reseeding operation on two rows of seed metering devices 1 by adopting one reseeding device 2.
The left rotating seat 21-2 and the right rotating seat 22-2 are identical in structure, and the balance block 21-21 is arranged at the lower end of the left rotating seat 21-2 and the right rotating seat 22-2, so that the dynamic balance stability of the left rotating seat 21-2 and the right rotating seat 22-2 along with the rotation of the second main shaft 26 is guaranteed, and the mechanical vibration is reduced.
Example 2:
on the basis of the embodiment 1, the number of the second holes 2-2 on the left rotary seat 21-2 is odd, and only one side of the left rotary seat 21-2 is provided with a left groove 21-20; the number of the second holes 2-2 on the right rotary seat 22-2 is odd, and only one side of the right rotary seat 22-2 is provided with a right groove 22-20; then, the balance blocks 21-21 are arranged at the lower ends of the left rotating seat 21-2 and the right rotating seat 22-2, so that the dynamic balance stability of the left rotating seat 21-2 and the right rotating seat 22-2 along with the rotation of the second main shaft 26 is ensured, and the mechanical vibration is reduced.
The number of the second holes 2-2 on the left rotating seat 21-2 is even, and left grooves 21-20 are formed in two sides of the left rotating seat 21-2; the number of the second holes 2-2 on the right rotary seat 22-2 is even, the right grooves 22-20 are arranged on the two sides of the right rotary seat 22-2, and the balance blocks 21-21 do not need to be arranged at the lower ends of the left rotary seat 21-2 and the right rotary seat 22-2, so that the dynamic balance stability of the left rotary seat 21-2 and the right rotary seat 22-2 along with the rotation of the second main shaft 26 is ensured, and the mechanical vibration is reduced.
Example 3:
the control system comprises a single chip microcomputer, a first electromagnetic valve and a second electromagnetic valve, wherein the optical fiber sensor 101 at the lower end of the left seed sowing device 1 and the optical fiber sensor 101 at the lower end of the right seed sowing device 1 are respectively in signal connection with the input end of the single chip microcomputer, the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are in signal connection with the output end of the single chip microcomputer, the first electromagnetic valve is connected with a left rotating air cylinder 202 through an air pipe, and the second electromagnetic valve is connected with a right rotating air cylinder 206 through an air pipe.
Firstly, respectively putting corn seeds into the first seed filling cavity covers 12 at two sides and the left seed filling cavity cover 23 and the right seed filling cavity cover 24 in the middle, then the seed sowing devices 1 at two sides work, the first main shaft 14 drives the seed sowing disc 11 to rotate through the matching of an external spline and a spline hole I1-1, the seeds in the first seed filling cavity cover 12 enter a U-shaped bend I1-4 through a shaped hole I1-2 on the seed sowing disc 11, then are discharged from a seed outlet I1-3, enter a seed storage hopper I100, and fall into a sowing ditch opened by a ditcher along a blanking pipe I102.
When the seeding device 1 on the two sides performs seeding operation, the following steps are performed:
s1: the optical fiber sensor 101 at the lower end of the left seed sowing device 1 and the optical fiber sensor 101 at the lower end of the right seed sowing device 1 are started to work;
s10: judging whether seeds fall in the left seed storage hopper 100, if so, returning to the step S1, otherwise, performing S11;
s11: the first electromagnetic valve is switched to the left position from the middle position and is switched on, the left rotary cylinder 202 rotates clockwise, the left seed supporting plate 204 rotates clockwise to be opened, and the missing seeding and reseeding of the adjacent seed sowing device 1 on the left side are realized;
s12: the first electromagnetic valve is switched to be connected from the left position to the right position, the left rotary air cylinder 202 rotates anticlockwise, the left seed supporting plate 204 rotates anticlockwise to be closed, and preparation is made for seed supporting;
s13: the second main shaft 26 rotates anticlockwise, at the moment, the left seed replenishing disc 21 rotates anticlockwise, the right seed replenishing disc 22 does not rotate, and the left seed replenishing disc 21 replenishes seeds on the left seed supporting plate 204;
s20: judging whether seeds fall in the right seed storage hopper 100, if so, returning to the step S1, otherwise, performing S21;
s21: the second electromagnetic valve is switched from the middle position to the right position to be communicated, and the right rotary cylinder 206 rotates anticlockwise to open the right seed supporting plate 208 in an anticlockwise rotating mode, so that the missing seeding and reseeding of the adjacent seed sowing device 1 on the right side are realized;
s22: the second electromagnetic valve is switched to be switched on from the right position to the left position, and the right rotary air cylinder 206 rotates clockwise to close the right seed supporting plate 208 in a clockwise rotating mode to prepare for seed supporting;
s23: the second main shaft 26 rotates clockwise, at this time, the left reseeding disk 21 does not rotate, and the right reseeding disk 22 rotates clockwise, so that the right reseeding disk 22 replenishes seeds on the right seed supporting plate 208.
The invention adopts one reseeding device 2 to reseed two rows of seed metering devices 1, has simple and compact structure and high reseeding accuracy and real-time performance, can effectively reduce the miss-seeding rate of the corn precision seeding machine, and improves the seeding quality and the production efficiency.
According to the invention, only the left seed replenishing disc 21 rotates to replenish seeds when the second main shaft 26 rotates anticlockwise, and the right seed replenishing disc 22 does not rotate, so that the kinetic energy of a motor is not consumed; the clockwise rotation of the second main shaft 26 is realized, only the right seed supplementing disc 22 rotates for supplementing seeds, the left seed supplementing disc 21 does not rotate, the kinetic energy of the motor is not consumed, the power requirement of the motor is reduced, and the equipment cost is saved.
The present invention has been described in connection with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, but is intended to cover various insubstantial modifications of the invention based on the principles and technical solutions of the invention; the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and can be modified in various ways.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a maize leaks and sows after-planting reseeding device which characterized in that: comprises a seed metering device (1), wherein the seed metering device (1) consists of a seat shell I (10), a seed metering disc (11), a first seed filling cavity cover (12), a seed protecting plate I (13), a main shaft I (14), an outer clamping I (15), a rolling bearing I (16), a bearing end cover I (17) and a bearing end cover II (18), the seat shell I (10) is installed below a seeder, the main shaft I (14) is connected with the center of the seed metering disc (11) through an outer spline, the axial direction of the seed metering disc (11) is limited by the outer clamping I (15), the first seed filling cavity cover (12) is fixedly connected with one side of the seat shell I (10), the seed protecting plate I (13) is connected with the inner wall of the seat shell I (10) in a circumferential sliding manner, one end of the main shaft I (14) is rotationally connected with the center of the first seed filling cavity cover (12) through the rolling bearing I (16), and the other end of the main shaft I (14) is rotationally connected with the center of the shell through the rolling bearing I (16), bearing end cover one (17) and first kind of chamber cover (12) center end face connection that fills, bearing end cover two (18) and casing center end face connection, its characterized in that: the seed supplementing device (2) is also included, and the adjacent seed sowing device (1) is directly provided with the seed supplementing device (2);
the reseeding device (2) comprises a seat shell II (20), a left reseeding disc (21), a right reseeding disc (22), a left reseeding cavity cover (23), a right reseeding cavity cover (24), a seed protecting plate II (25), a main shaft II (26), an outer clamping II (27), a rolling bearing II (28), a bearing end cover III (29) and a bearing end cover IV (29-1), wherein the seat shell II (20) is installed below the seeder, a convex shoulder (26-1) is arranged on the main shaft II (26), the centers of the left reseeding disc (21) and the right reseeding disc (22) are rotatably connected with the main shaft II (26), the left reseeding disc (21) and the right reseeding disc (22) are separated by the convex shoulder (26-1), the left reseeding cavity cover (23) is fixedly connected with one side of the seat shell II (20), the right reseeding cavity cover (24) is fixedly connected with the other side of the seat shell II (20), and the seed protecting plate II (25) is circumferentially and slidably connected with the inner wall of the seat shell II (20), one end of a second main shaft (26) is rotationally connected with the center of the left seed filling cavity cover (23) through a second rolling bearing (28), the other end of the second main shaft (26) is rotationally connected with the center of the right seed filling cavity cover (24) through a second rolling bearing (28), a third bearing end cover (29) is connected with the central end face of the left seed filling cavity cover (23), and a fourth bearing end cover (29-1) is connected with the central end face of the right seed filling cavity cover (24);
the left side of the left seed replenishing disc (21) is provided with a left ratchet wheel driving assembly, the left ratchet wheel driving assembly consists of a left ratchet wheel (21-1), a left rotating seat (21-2), a left ratchet (21-3) and a left cover plate (21-4), the left ratchet wheel (21-1) is tightly connected with the left seed replenishing disc (21), the left rotating seat (21-2) is connected with a second main shaft (26) through a common flat key, the left rotating seat (21-2) is provided with a left groove (21-20), the left ratchet (21-3) is in sliding connection with the left groove (21-20), a spring is arranged in the left groove (21-20), and the left cover plate (21-4) is tightly connected with the end face of the left ratchet wheel (21-1);
the right side of the right seed replenishing disc (22) is provided with a right ratchet wheel driving assembly, the right ratchet wheel driving assembly consists of a right ratchet wheel (22-1), a right rotating seat (22-2), a right ratchet (22-3) and a right cover plate (22-4), the right ratchet wheel (22-1) is fixedly connected with the right seed replenishing disc (22), the right rotating seat (22-2) is connected with a second main shaft (26) through a common flat key, the right rotating seat (22-2) is provided with a right groove, the right ratchet (22-3) is in sliding connection with the right groove (22-20), a spring is arranged in the right groove (22-20), and the right cover plate (22-4) is fixedly connected with the end face of the right ratchet wheel (22-1);
the left side of the left rotating seat (21-2) and the right side of the right rotating seat (22-2) are axially limited by an outer clamping II (27);
a first seed storage hopper (100) is arranged at the lower end of the first seat shell (10), an optical fiber sensor (101) is arranged on the side surface of the first seed storage hopper (100), and a first blanking pipe (102) is communicated with the lower end of the first seed storage hopper (100);
seat shell two (20) lower extreme is equipped with seed storage and fights two (200), is equipped with baffle (201) in the middle of seed storage and fights two (200), divides seed storage and fights two (200) into left cavity (201-1) and right cavity (201-2), be equipped with left rotation cylinder (202) on left side cavity (201-1) outer wall, it has left rotation axis (203) to run through in left cavity (201-1), and left rotation axis (203) is rotatory by left rotation cylinder (202) drive, left side rotation axis (203) are set firmly left and are held in the palm seed board (204), be equipped with right rotation cylinder (206) on right cavity (201-2) outer wall, run through in right cavity (201-2) and have right rotation axis (207), and right rotation axis (207) are rotated by right rotation cylinder (206) drive, right rotation axis (207) are set firmly right and are held in the palm seed board (208).
2. The corn miss-seeding reseeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the left rotating seat (21-2) and the right rotating seat (22-2) have the same structure, and a balance block (21-21) is arranged at the lower end of the left rotating seat and the right rotating seat.
3. The corn miss-seeding reseeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the seed metering dish (11) center is equipped with splined hole one (1-1), and the external splines on main shaft one (14) are connected with splined hole one (1-1), seed metering dish (11) terminal surface edge presents the circumference and evenly is equipped with a plurality of type hole one (1-2), seed metering dish (11) another terminal surface edge presents the circumference and evenly is equipped with a plurality of seed outlet one (1-3), appears in seed metering dish (11) circumference and evenly is equipped with a plurality of U type bend one (1-4), and U type bend one (1-4) one end communicates with each other with type hole one (1-2) and is connected, and the other end communicates with each other with seed outlet one (1-3) and is connected.
4. The corn miss-seeding reseeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the center of the left seed replenishing disc (21) and the center of the right seed replenishing disc (22) are provided with a cylindrical hole (2-1), a second main shaft (26) is rotatably connected with the cylindrical hole (2-1), the end surface edges of the left seed replenishing disc (21) and the right seed replenishing disc (22) present a plurality of second type holes (2-2) uniformly along the circumference, the other end surface edges of the left seed replenishing disc (21) and the right seed replenishing disc (22) present a plurality of second seed outlets (2-3) uniformly along the circumference, a plurality of second U-shaped bends (2-4) are uniformly arranged in the left seed replenishing disc (21) and the right seed replenishing disc (22) along the circumference, one end of each second U-shaped bend (2-4) is communicated with the corresponding second type hole (2-2), and the other end of each second U-shaped bend (2-4) is communicated with the corresponding second seed outlet (2-3).
5. The corn miss-seeding reseeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the second holes (2-2) on the left rotating seat (21-2) is odd, and only one side of the left rotating seat (21-2) is provided with a left groove (21-20); the number of the second holes (2-2) on the right rotating seat (22-2) is odd, and only one side of the right rotating seat (22-2) is provided with a right groove (22-20); the number of the second holes (2-2) on the left rotating seat (21-2) is even, and left grooves (21-20) are formed in two sides of the left rotating seat (21-2); the number of the second holes (2-2) on the right rotary seat (22-2) is even, and right grooves (22-20) are formed in two sides of the right rotary seat (22-2).
6. The corn miss-seeding reseeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower end of the left chamber (201-1) is connected with a left seed replenishing pipe (205), the lower end of the right chamber (201-2) is connected with a right seed replenishing pipe (209), the left seed replenishing pipe (205) is communicated and connected with a first blanking pipe (102) of the adjacent seed metering device (1) on the left side, and the right seed replenishing pipe (209) is communicated and connected with a first blanking pipe (102) of the adjacent seed metering device (1) on the right side.
7. The corn miss-seeding reseeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: still include control system, control system includes singlechip, solenoid valve one and solenoid valve two, and fiber sensor (101) of left seed metering ware (1) lower extreme and fiber sensor (101) of seed metering ware (1) lower extreme on right side respectively with the input signal connection of singlechip, solenoid valve one and solenoid valve two are connected with the output end signal of singlechip, solenoid valve one passes through the trachea with left revolving cylinder (202) and is connected, solenoid valve two passes through the trachea with right revolving cylinder (206) and is connected.
8. A control method of the corn miss seeding reseeding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: the specific steps are as follows,
s1: the optical fiber sensor (101) at the lower end of the left seed sowing device (1) and the optical fiber sensor (101) at the lower end of the right seed sowing device (1) are started to work;
s10: judging whether seeds fall in the left seed storage hopper I (100), if so, returning to the step S1, otherwise, performing S11;
s11: the first electromagnetic valve is switched from the middle position to the left position to be communicated, and the left rotary air cylinder (202) rotates clockwise to enable the left seed supporting plate (204) to rotate clockwise to be opened, so that the missing seeding and reseeding of the adjacent seed sowing device (1) on the left side are realized;
s12: the first electromagnetic valve is switched to be connected from the left position to the right position, and the left rotary air cylinder (202) rotates anticlockwise, so that the left seed supporting plate (204) rotates anticlockwise and is closed, and preparation is made for supporting seeds;
s13: the second main shaft (26) rotates anticlockwise, the left seed replenishing plate (21) rotates anticlockwise at the moment, the right seed replenishing plate (22) does not rotate, and the left seed replenishing plate (21) replenishes seeds on the left seed supporting plate (204);
s20: judging whether seeds fall in the right seed storage hopper I (100), if so, returning to the step S1, otherwise, performing S21;
s21: the second electromagnetic valve is switched from the middle position to the right position to be communicated, and the right rotary air cylinder (206) rotates anticlockwise, so that the right seed supporting plate (208) rotates anticlockwise to be opened, and the missing seeding and reseeding of the adjacent seed sowing device (1) on the right side are realized;
s22: the second electromagnetic valve is switched from the right position to the left position to be communicated, and the right rotary air cylinder (206) rotates clockwise to enable the right seed supporting plate (208) to rotate clockwise to be closed so as to prepare for supporting seeds;
s23: the second main shaft (26) rotates clockwise, the left seed replenishing plate (21) does not rotate at the moment, and the right seed replenishing plate (22) rotates clockwise, so that the right seed replenishing plate (22) replenishes seeds on the right seed supporting plate (208).
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| CN114342607A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-04-15 | 王少平 | Wisdom agricultural seeding machinery |
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