CN111786416B - Micro-grid coordination control device based on particle swarm self-optimizing PID droop control - Google Patents

Micro-grid coordination control device based on particle swarm self-optimizing PID droop control Download PDF

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CN111786416B
CN111786416B CN202010805870.1A CN202010805870A CN111786416B CN 111786416 B CN111786416 B CN 111786416B CN 202010805870 A CN202010805870 A CN 202010805870A CN 111786416 B CN111786416 B CN 111786416B
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input port
control module
pid
droop
power generation
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CN111786416A (en
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雷莱
彭博
王福忠
郭江震
李润宇
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Henan University of Technology
Zhengzhou Electric Power College
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Henan University of Technology
Zhengzhou Electric Power College
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/388Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • H02J3/144Demand-response operation of the power transmission or distribution network
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/24Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/24Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • H02J3/241The oscillation concerning frequency
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381Dispersed generators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/466Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/10Power transmission or distribution systems management focussing at grid-level, e.g. load flow analysis, node profile computation, meshed network optimisation, active network management or spinning reserve management
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/28The renewable source being wind energy
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/30The power source being a fuel cell
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/40Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation wherein a plurality of decentralised, dispersed or local energy generation technologies are operated simultaneously
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04SSYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a micro-grid coordination control device based on particle swarm self-optimizing PID droop control, which comprises a photovoltaic power generation droop control selection module, a wind power generation droop control selection module, a storage battery droop control selection module, a fuel cell droop control selection module, a photovoltaic power generation PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module, a photovoltaic power generation constant power control module, a wind power generation PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module, a wind power generation constant power control module, a storage battery PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module, a fuel cell PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module and a storage battery charging control module. Each PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module comprises a frequency PID droop controller and a voltage PID droop controller. The micro-grid coordination control device realizes the automatic conversion of each distributed power supply as a master-slave power supply, and effectively stabilizes the voltage and frequency fluctuation of the micro-grid.

Description

Micro-grid coordination control device based on particle swarm self-optimizing PID droop control
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of micro-grid control, and particularly relates to a micro-grid coordination control device based on particle swarm self-optimizing PID droop control.
Background
The independent micro-grid can reduce the power supply pressure of the power distribution network, improve the admitting capability of the power distribution network, and be popularized and built in mining areas, grasslands, islands and other areas. When the micro-grid is in island operation, climate and environment changes easily cause fluctuation of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation, so that power unbalance between the micro-grid power generation and power utilization is caused, and the voltage and frequency of the micro-grid are deviated beyond a safe operation range. Therefore, when the climate, the environment or the electricity load changes, how to coordinate and control each distributed power supply ensures the normal operation of the micro-grid, which is the key of whether the micro-grid system can safely and stably operate.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation, the invention designs the micro-grid coordination control device based on particle swarm self-optimizing PID sagging control, which dynamically sets the master-slave power supply by comprehensively considering factors such as the real-time predicted value of the power of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation, the running cost of a fuel cell and a storage battery, the influence of frequent charge and discharge of the storage battery on the service life of the storage battery, whether the load exceeds the limit and the like. When the distributed power supply is set as a main power supply to run, the power supply works in a dynamic droop control mode to realize the stable control of the frequency and the voltage of the micro-grid; when the distributed power supply is set to a slave power supply, the power supply operates in a constant power PQ control mode. Meanwhile, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is utilized to optimize parameters of the PID droop controller, and the self-adaptive capacity of the PID droop controller is improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the micro-grid system is a low-voltage micro-grid system which consists of a wind power generation system, a photovoltaic power generation system, a fuel cell system, a storage battery system, an electric heating load, an electric refrigerating load and a plurality of electric loads of a common electric load.
The micro-grid coordination control device based on particle swarm self-optimizing PID droop control comprises a photovoltaic power generation droop control selection module, a wind power generation droop control selection module, a storage battery droop control selection module, a fuel cell droop control selection module, a photovoltaic power generation PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module, a photovoltaic power generation constant power PQ control module, a wind power generation PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module, a wind power generation constant power PQ control module, a storage battery PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module, a fuel cell PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module and a storage battery charging control module.
The first input port of the photovoltaic power generation sagging control selection module is connected with the system active load statistical device, the second input port is connected with the photovoltaic power generation power real-time prediction device, the first output port is connected with the input end of the photovoltaic power generation PSO self-optimizing PID sagging control module, the second output port is connected with the first input end of the storage battery charging control module, the third output port is connected with the input port of the photovoltaic power generation constant power PQ control module, and the fourth output port is connected with the first input end of the wind power generation sagging control selection module.
The first input port of the wind power generation sagging control selection module is connected with the fourth output port of the photovoltaic power generation sagging control selection module, the second input port is connected with the wind power generation active real-time prediction device, the first output port is connected with the input port of the wind power generation PSO self-optimizing PID sagging control module, the second output port is connected with the second input port of the storage battery charging control module, the third output port is connected with the input port of the wind power generation constant-power PQ control module, and the fourth output port is connected with the first input port of the storage battery sagging control selection module.
The first input port of the storage battery sagging control selection module is connected with the fourth output port of the wind power generation sagging control selection module, the second input port is connected with the residual electric quantity SOC measurement device of the storage battery, the third input port is used for inputting the maximum output power of the storage battery, the first output port is connected with the first input port of the storage battery PSO self-optimizing PID sagging control module, and the second output port is connected with the first input port of the fuel cell sagging control selection module.
The first input port of the fuel cell sagging control selection module is connected with the second output port of the storage battery sagging control selection module, the second input port inputs the maximum output power of the fuel cell, the first output port is connected with the second input port of the storage battery PSO self-optimizing PID sagging control module, the second output port is connected with the input port of the fuel cell PSO self-optimizing PID sagging control module, and the third output port is connected with the third input port of the storage battery charging control module.
The photovoltaic power generation PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module, the wind power generation PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module, the storage battery PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module and the fuel cell PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module comprise a frequency PID droop controller based on particle swarm self-optimizing and a voltage PID droop controller based on particle swarm self-optimizing.
Further, the micro-grid coordination control device based on particle swarm self-optimizing PID droop control also comprises a frequency PID droop controller, wherein the frequency PID droop controller comprises a frequency particle swarm optimizing module and a frequency PID droop control module.
The first input port of the frequency particle swarm optimization module is connected with the frequency setting device, the second input port is connected with the frequency measuring device, the first output port is connected with the first input port of the frequency PID droop control module, the second output port is connected with the second input port of the frequency PID droop control module, and the third output port is connected with the third input port of the frequency PID droop control module.
The first input port of the frequency PID droop control module is connected with the first output port of the frequency particle swarm optimization module, the second input port is connected with the second output port of the frequency particle swarm optimization module, the third input port is connected with the third output port of the frequency particle swarm optimization module, the fourth input port is connected with the active power setting device, the fifth input port is connected with the active power measuring device, and the sixth input port is connected with the frequency setting device; the first output port outputs the droop frequency f to the outside roopi
Further, the micro-grid coordination control device based on particle swarm self-optimizing PID droop control also comprises a voltage PID droop controller, wherein the voltage PID droop controller comprises a voltage particle swarm optimizing module and a voltage PID droop control module.
The first input port of the voltage particle swarm optimization module is connected with the voltage setting device, the second input port is connected with the voltage measuring device, the first output port is connected with the first input port of the voltage PID droop control module, the second output port is connected with the second input port of the voltage PID droop control module, and the third output port is connected with the third input port of the voltage PID droop control module.
First input port of voltage PID droop control moduleThe first output port of the voltage particle swarm optimization module is connected, the second input port of the voltage particle swarm optimization module is connected, the third input port of the voltage particle swarm optimization module is connected, the fourth input port of the voltage particle swarm optimization module is connected with the reactive power setting device, the fifth input port of the voltage particle swarm optimization module is connected with the reactive power measuring device, and the sixth input port of the voltage particle swarm optimization module is connected with the voltage setting device; the first output port outputs droop voltage U to outside roopi
The micro-grid coordination control device adopts PSO self-optimizing PID droop control and constant power PQ control, realizes the automatic conversion of each distributed power supply as a main power supply or a secondary power supply by driving a DC/AC converter of each distributed power supply, stabilizes the voltage and frequency fluctuation of the micro-grid, and can realize the isolation on-off switching between the micro-grid and a power distribution network.
The invention also includes other components that enable normal use thereof, all as conventional in the art, and in addition, the invention is not limited to devices or components, such as: the system active load statistics device, the photovoltaic power generation power real-time prediction device, the wind power generation active real-time prediction device, the residual electric quantity SOC measurement device, the frequency setting device, the frequency measurement device, the active power setting device, the active power measurement device, the voltage setting device, the voltage measurement device, the reactive power setting device, the reactive power measurement device and the like of the storage battery are all adopted by the prior art in the field.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the micro-grid coordination control device based on particle swarm self-optimizing PID droop control comprehensively considers real-time maximum output power real-time predicted values of a wind power (WT) power supply and a Photovoltaic (PV) power supply, running cost of a distributed power supply and influence of frequent charge and discharge of a storage battery on service life of the storage battery, dynamically sets a master power supply and a slave power supply, effectively realizes coordination control of wind-light combustion storage output power and ensures power supply balance of a micro-grid system. The fuzzy control theory and the particle swarm algorithm are introduced into droop control, so that the self-adaptive capacity is high, the robustness is good, the algorithm is concise, the step change of the load can be responded quickly, the fluctuation of the amplitude and the frequency of the running voltage of the micro-grid is small, and the requirement of the low-voltage micro-grid on the stability can be met.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic topology diagram of a micro-grid coordination control device in an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a micro-grid coordination control device in an embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the frequency PID droop controller based on particle swarm self-optimization in the embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of the voltage PID droop controller based on particle swarm self-optimization in the embodiment.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the micro-grid system of the invention is a low-voltage micro-grid system composed of four large distributed power systems including a wind power generation system, a photovoltaic power generation system, a fuel cell system and a storage battery system, and various electric loads including an electric heating load, an electric refrigerating load and a common electric load.
The coordination control among the distributed power supplies is realized by mainly relying on a distributed power supply coordination controller, adopting PSO self-optimizing PID droop control and constant power PQ control and driving a DC/AC converter of each distributed power supply. Each distributed power supply is used as a master-slave power supply to automatically switch, so that fluctuation of voltage and frequency of the micro-grid is effectively stabilized, the method can be widely applied to control of independent micro-grids, and isolation on-off switching between the micro-grids and a power distribution network can be realized.
As shown in fig. 2, the micro-grid coordination control device based on particle swarm self-optimizing PID droop control comprises a photovoltaic power generation droop control selection module 1, a wind power generation droop control selection module 2, a storage battery droop control selection module 3, a fuel cell droop control selection module 4, a photovoltaic power generation PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module 5, a photovoltaic power generation constant power PQ control module 6, a wind power generation PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module 7, a wind power generation constant power PQ control module 8, a storage battery PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module 9, a fuel cell PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module 10 and a storage battery charging control module 11.
The connection relation among the modules is as follows:
the first input port 101 of the photovoltaic power generation sagging control selection module 1 is connected with a system active load statistical device, the second input port 102 is connected with a photovoltaic power generation power real-time prediction device, the first output port 103 is connected with the input end 501 of the photovoltaic power generation PSO self-optimizing PID sagging control module 5, the second output port 104 is connected with the first input end 1101 of the storage battery charging control module 11, the third output port 105 is connected with the input port 601 of the photovoltaic power generation constant power PQ control module 6, and the fourth output port 106 is connected with the first input end 201 of the wind power generation sagging control selection module 2.
The first input port 201 of the wind power generation sagging control selection module 2 is connected to the fourth output port 106 of the photovoltaic power generation sagging control selection module 1, the second input port 202 is connected to the wind power generation active real-time prediction device, the first output port 203 is connected to the input port 701 of the wind power generation PSO self-optimizing PID sagging control module 7, the second output port 204 is connected to the second input port 1102 of the battery charging control module 11, the third output port 205 is connected to the input port 801 of the wind power generation constant power PQ control module 8, and the fourth output port 206 is connected to the first input port 301 of the battery sagging control selection module 3.
The first input port 301 of the battery sagging control selection module 3 is connected to the fourth output port 206 of the wind power generation sagging control selection module 2, the second input port 302 is connected to the remaining power SOC measurement device of the battery, the third input port 303 is connected to the maximum output power of the battery, the first output port 304 is connected to the first input port 901 of the battery PSO self-optimizing PID sagging control module 9, and the second output port 305 is connected to the first input port 401 of the fuel cell sagging control selection module 4.
The first input port 401 of the fuel cell droop control selection module 4 is connected to the second output port 305 of the battery droop control selection module 3, the second input port 402 inputs the maximum output power of the fuel cell, the first output port 403 is connected to the second input port 902 of the battery PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module 9, the second output port 404 is connected to the input port 1001 of the fuel cell PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module 10, and the third output port 405 is connected to the third input port 1103 of the battery charge control module 11.
The working process is as follows:
firstly, obtaining a real-time maximum output power predicted value P of a wind power (WT) power supply according to meteorological data such as current illuminance, wind speed, wind direction, air temperature, humidity, air pressure and the like WTM0 And a Photovoltaic (PV) power source real-time maximum output power prediction value P PVM0
(1) The photovoltaic power generation sagging control selection module 1 firstly obtains the system load P through the input ports 101 and 102 respectively load And a Photovoltaic (PV) power source real-time maximum output power prediction value P PVM0 . Then, judge P PVM0 Whether or not it is greater than the system load P load . If the condition is satisfied, the Photovoltaic (PV) power supply is set as the main power supply, and a control signal is sent to the input end 501 of the photovoltaic power generation PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module 5 through the output port 103, and the photovoltaic power supply is started to work in a dynamic droop control mode to bear all power loads, so that the system frequency and voltage stability are ensured. At the same time, the battery charge control module 11 is activated through the output port 104.
If P PVM0 Less than P load The Photovoltaic (PV) power supply is set as a slave power supply, and a control signal is sent to the input port 601 of the photovoltaic power generation constant power PQ control module 6 through the output port 105, and the photovoltaic power supply is started to work in a constant power PQ mode, so that the power generation of the Photovoltaic (PV) power supply is ensured to be maximized. Meanwhile, a control signal is sent to the input end 201 of the wind power generation sagging control judgment module 2 through the output port 106, and the wind power generation sagging control judgment module 2 is started to work.
(2) The wind power generation sagging control selection module 2 firstly obtains the wind power generation active real-time predicted value P through the input port 202 WTM0 . Then, the wind power generation active predicted value P is judged WTM0 Whether or not it is greater than P load -P PVM0 . If the condition is satisfied, wind power (WT) is poweredThe source is set as a main power supply, and a control signal is sent to the input end 701 of the wind power generation PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module 7 through the output port 203 of the module 2, and the wind power supply is started to work in a dynamic droop control mode, so that the stability of the system frequency and voltage is ensured. At the same time, the battery charge control module 11 is activated via the output port 204.
If P WTM0 Less than P load -P PVM0 The wind power source is set as a slave power source, and a control signal is sent to the input port 801 of the wind power generation constant power PQ control module 8 through the output port 205, so that the wind power source is started to work in a constant power PQ control mode, and the generation power of the wind power (WT) power source is ensured to be maximized. At the same time, the battery sag control selection module 3 is started to operate by sending a control signal to the input port 301 of the battery sag control selection module 3 through the output port 206.
(3) The battery sag control selection module 3 first obtains the remaining capacity SOC of the battery and the maximum output power P of the battery (Bat) through the ports 302 and 303 batM . Then, the operating state of the battery (Bat) is determined. If the remaining capacity SOC of the battery is greater than 10%, and the maximum output power P of the battery (Bat) batM Greater than P load -P PVM0 -P WTM0 The storage battery (Bat) is discharged and is set as a main power supply, a control signal is sent to the first input end 901 of the storage battery PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module 9 through the output port 304 of the module 3, and the storage battery is started to work in a dynamic droop control mode, so that the stability of the system frequency and voltage is ensured.
If the SOC of the battery is less than 10%, or the maximum output power P of the battery (Bat) batM Less than P load -P PVM0 -P WTM0 The fuel cell sagging control selection module 4 is started to operate by sending a control signal to the input port 401 of the fuel cell sagging control judgment module 4 through the output port 305.
(4) The fuel cell sagging control selection module 4 first obtains the maximum output power P of the Fuel Cell (FC) through the port 402 FCM . Then, the operating state of the Fuel Cell (FC) is determined if the maximum output power P of the Fuel Cell (FC) FCM Greater than P load -P PVM0 -P WTM0 The Fuel Cell (FC) is set as the main power source, and a control signal is sent to the input terminal 1001 of the fuel cell PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module 10 through the output port 404, and the fuel cell is started to operate in a dynamic droop control manner, so as to ensure the stability of the system frequency and voltage. At the same time, the battery charge control module 11 is activated via the output port 405.
Maximum output power P of Fuel Cell (FC) FCM Less than P load -P PVM0 -P WTM0 When the SOC of the battery is greater than 10%, a control signal is sent to the input terminal 902 of the battery PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module 9 through the output port 403, and the battery is started to operate in a dynamic droop control mode, and the battery and the Fuel Cell (FC) together respond to load fluctuation, so as to ensure system frequency and voltage stability. If the SOC is less than 10%, the battery exits the discharge state, part of the load is cut off, and the battery charge control module 11 is activated through the output port 405.
As shown in fig. 3, the frequency PID droop controller based on particle swarm self-optimization includes a frequency particle swarm optimization module 12 and a frequency PID droop control module 13.
The first input port 1201 of the frequency particle swarm optimization module 12 is connected with the frequency setting device, the second input port 1202 is connected with the frequency measuring device, the first output port 1203 is connected with the first input port 1301 of the frequency PID droop control module 13, the second output port 1204 is connected with the second input port 1302 of the frequency PID droop control module 13, and the third output port 1205 is connected with the third input port 1303 of the frequency PID droop control module 13.
The first input port 1301 of the frequency PID droop control module 13 is connected to the first output port 1203 of the frequency particle swarm optimization module 12, the second input port 1302 is connected to the second output port 1204 of the frequency particle swarm optimization module 12, the third input port 1303 is connected to the third output port 1205 of the frequency particle swarm optimization module 12, the fourth input port 1304 is connected to the active power setting device, the fifth input port 1305 is connected to the active power measuring device, and the sixth input port 1306 is connected to the frequency setting device; the first output port 1307 outputs a droop frequency f to the outside roopi
The working principle is as follows:
the frequency PID droop control module 13 can be described by a mathematical expression of equation (1).
Figure GDA0004130312960000081
In formula (1): f (f) roopi Outputting a droop frequency for the PID droop control module; e, e pi (t)=P i -P i *,ec pi (t)=dP i /dt;P i * Active power is fixed for the i-th distributed power inverter (DC/AC) output; f (f) i * Is rated angular frequency (50 Hz); p (P) i Active power measurements for the i-th distributed power inverter (DC/AC) output; m is m Pi An active droop coefficient (scaling factor) for the ith distributed power supply; m is m Ii For integrating coefficients for eliminating steady-state errors of active power, m di Is a differential coefficient for improving the overall dynamic performance of the system.
The working process of the frequency PID droop control module is as follows: according to P i * And f i * Set value, P i The measured value of (2) and the active droop coefficient m sent from the output port 1203 of the frequency particle swarm optimization module 12 Pi The integral coefficient m sent from the output port 1204 of the module 12 Ii Differential coefficient m sent from output port 1205 of module 12 di The output frequency f of the frequency PID droop control module can be obtained according to the formula (1) roopi
The frequency particle swarm optimization module 12 mainly aims at controlling the running frequency f of the micro-grid i And a frequency set point f i * The integral of the product of the absolute value of the error and time (called fitness), m is adjusted Pi 、m Ii 、m di And m through output port 1203 Pi A first input port 1301 to the frequency droop control module, m is connected via an output port 1204 Ii A second input port 1302 to the frequency droop control module, m is connected via an output port 1205 di Third input port 1 to frequency droop control module303, improving the adaptability and control effect of the frequency droop control.
As shown in fig. 4, the voltage PID droop controller based on particle swarm self-optimization includes a voltage particle swarm optimization module 14 and a voltage PID droop control module 15.
The first input port 1401 of the voltage particle swarm optimization module 14 is connected to the voltage setting device, the second input port 1402 is connected to the voltage measuring device, the first output port 1403 is connected to the first input port 1501 of the voltage PID droop control module 15, the second output port 1404 is connected to the second input port 1502 of the voltage PID droop control module 15, and the third output port 1405 is connected to the third input port 1503 of the voltage PID droop control module 15.
The first input port 1501 of the voltage PID droop control module 15 is connected to the first output port 1403 of the voltage particle swarm optimization module 14, the second input port 1502 is connected to the second output port 1404 of the voltage particle swarm optimization module 14, the third input port 1503 is connected to the third output port 1405 of the voltage particle swarm optimization module 14, the fourth input port 1504 is connected to the reactive power setting device, the fifth input port 1505 is connected to the reactive power measuring device, and the sixth input port 1506 is connected to the voltage setting device; the first output port 1507 outputs a droop voltage U to the outside roopi
The working principle is as follows:
the voltage PID droop control module 15 may be described by the mathematical expression of equation (2).
Figure GDA0004130312960000091
In formula (2): u (U) roopi Outputting droop voltage for the PID droop control module; e, e Qi (t)=Q i -Q i *,ec Qi (t)=dQ i /dt;Q i * Active power is fixed for the i-th distributed power inverter (DC/AC) output; u (U) i * 380V is rated voltage; q (Q) i Reactive power measurement value output by the ith distributed power inverter; n is n Pi Reactive droop coefficient (proportionality coefficient) for the ith distributed power supply; n is n Ii For integrating coefficients for eliminating active powerSteady state error of rate, n di Is a differential coefficient for improving the overall dynamic performance of the system.
The working process of the voltage PID droop control module 15 is: according to Q i * And U i * Set value, Q i Is provided by the output port 1403 of the voltage particle swarm optimization module 14, and the reactive droop coefficient n is provided by the output port 1403 of the voltage particle swarm optimization module 14 Pi The integral factor n from the output port 1404 of the module 14 Ii The differential coefficient n sent from the output port 1405 of the module 14 di The output voltage U of the voltage PID droop control module can be obtained according to the formula (2) roopi
The voltage particle swarm optimization module 14 mainly works according to the operation voltage U of the micro-grid i And voltage setting U i * The integral of the product of the absolute value of the error of the value and time (called fitness), n is adjusted Pi 、n Ii 、n di And n through output port 1403 Pi A first input port 1501 to the voltage sag control module, n being connected through an output port 1404 Ii A second input port 1502 to the voltage droop control module, n via an output port 1405 di And is sent to the third input port 1503 of the voltage droop control module to improve the adaptability and control effect of the voltage droop control.
The principle of the frequency particle swarm optimization module 12 and the voltage particle swarm optimization module 14 are the same, and can be described by mathematical expressions from the formula (3) to the formula (5).
V i (k+1)=ω(k)V i (k)+c 1 ·r 1 (P i (k)-x i (k))+c 2 ·r 2 (p g (k)-x i (k)) (3)
x i (k+1)=x i (k)+v i (k+1) (4)
In the formulas (3) and (4), r 1 And r 2 The value range of (2) is 0-1; coefficient c 1 And c 2 Defined as a learning constant; p (P) g (k) And P i (k) Respectively defined as a global optimum and an individual optimum of the particle. Can limit the speed variation amplitude to make x min <V i(k) +V i(k+1) Limiting the size of the particle position change. ω (k) is defined as inertia weight, and the similar exponential function as shown in formula (5) is adopted to nonlinearly decrease the inertia weight, so that the convergence speed of the particle swarm algorithm is faster, and the solving precision is high. The expression is as follows:
Figure GDA0004130312960000101
in formula (5): k is the iteration number; ωmax and ωmin are the maximum value and minimum value of the inertial weight respectively; kmax is a constant, and adjusting kmax value is to change the expansion constant of the curve, so as to change the change rate of the curve, and kmax is 200.
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments, and many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments, and any technical modifications made within the spirit and principles of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. Micro-grid coordinated control device based on particle swarm self-optimizing PID droop control, which is characterized in that: the photovoltaic power generation system comprises a photovoltaic power generation sagging control selection module (1), a wind power generation sagging control selection module (2), a storage battery sagging control selection module (3), a fuel cell sagging control selection module (4), a photovoltaic power generation PSO self-optimizing PID sagging control module (5), a photovoltaic power generation constant power PQ control module (6), a wind power generation PSO self-optimizing PID sagging control module (7), a wind power generation constant power PQ control module (8), a storage battery PSO self-optimizing PID sagging control module (9), a fuel cell PSO self-optimizing PID sagging control module (10) and a storage battery charging control module (11);
the photovoltaic power generation droop control selection module (1) comprises a first input port (101) connected with a system active load statistical device, a second input port (102) connected with a photovoltaic power generation power real-time prediction device, a first output port (103) connected with an input end (501) of a photovoltaic power generation PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module (5), a second output port (104) connected with a first input end (1101) of a storage battery charging control module (11), and a third output port (105) connected with an input port (601) of a photovoltaic power generation constant power PQ control module (6);
the first input port (201) of the wind power generation sagging control selection module (2) is connected with the fourth output port (106) of the photovoltaic power generation sagging control selection module (1), the second input port (202) is connected with the wind power generation active real-time prediction device, the first output port (203) is connected with the input port (701) of the wind power generation PSO self-optimizing PID sagging control module (7), the second output port (204) is connected with the second input port (1102) of the storage battery charging control module (11), and the third output port (205) is connected with the input port (801) of the wind power generation constant-power PQ control module (8);
the first input port (301) of the storage battery sagging control selection module (3) is connected with the fourth output port (206) of the wind power generation sagging control selection module (2), the second input port (302) is connected with the residual electric quantity SOC measurement device of the storage battery, the third input port (303) is used for inputting the maximum output power of the storage battery, and the first output port (304) is connected with the first input port (901) of the storage battery PSO self-optimizing PID sagging control module (9);
the first input port (401) of the fuel cell sagging control selection module (4) is connected with the second output port (305) of the storage battery sagging control selection module (3), the second input port (402) inputs the maximum output power of the fuel cell, the first output port (403) is connected with the second input port (902) of the storage battery PSO self-optimizing PID sagging control module (9), the second output port (404) is connected with the input port (1001) of the fuel cell PSO self-optimizing PID sagging control module (10), and the third output port (405) is connected with the third input port (1103) of the storage battery charging control module (11);
the photovoltaic power generation PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module (5), the wind power generation PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module (7), the storage battery PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module (9) and the fuel cell PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module (10) comprise a frequency PID droop controller based on particle swarm self-optimizing and a voltage PID droop controller based on particle swarm self-optimizing;
the working process of the micro-grid coordination control device is as follows:
s1, firstly obtaining a real-time maximum output power predicted value P of the wind power supply according to the current illuminance, wind speed, wind direction, air temperature, humidity and air pressure WTM0 And photovoltaic power supply real-time maximum output power predicted value P PVM0
The photovoltaic power generation sagging control selection module (1) obtains the system load P through a first input port (101) and a second input port (102) thereof respectively load And photovoltaic power supply real-time maximum output power predicted value P PVM0 And judging the predicted value P of the real-time maximum output power of the photovoltaic power supply PVM0 Whether or not it is greater than the system load P load
If P PVM0 Greater than P load Setting the photovoltaic power supply as a main power supply, sending a control signal to an input end (501) of a photovoltaic power generation PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module (5) through a first output port (103), starting the photovoltaic power supply to work in a dynamic droop control mode, bearing all power loads, and ensuring the stability of the system frequency and voltage; simultaneously, starting a storage battery charging control module (11) through a second output port (104);
if P PVM0 Less than P load Setting the photovoltaic power supply as a slave power supply, and sending a control signal to an input port (601) of a photovoltaic power generation constant-power PQ control module (6) through a third output port (105), starting the photovoltaic power supply to work in a constant-power mode, and ensuring the maximization of the power generation of the photovoltaic power supply; meanwhile, a control signal is sent to a first input port (201) of the wind power generation sagging control selection module (2) through a fourth output port (106) of the wind power generation sagging control selection module, and the wind power generation sagging control selection module (2) is started to work;
s2, the wind power generation sagging control selection module (2) obtains a real-time maximum output power predicted value P of wind power generation through a second input port (202) of the wind power generation sagging control selection module WTM0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And judging the real-time maximum output power predicted value P of the wind power generation WTM0 Whether or not it is greater than P load -P PVM0
If P WTM0 Greater than P load -P PVM0 Setting the wind power supply as a main power supply, and controlling and selecting a control signal through the wind power generation sagging control module(2) The first output port (203) of the wind power generation PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module (7) is sent to the input end (701) of the wind power generation PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module, the wind power supply is started to work in a dynamic droop control mode, the system frequency and voltage stability are ensured, and the storage battery charging control module (11) is started through the second output port (204);
if P WTM0 Less than P load -P PVM0 Setting the wind power source as a slave power source, sending a control signal to an input port (801) of a wind power generation constant power PQ control module (8) through a third output port (205) of the slave power source, starting the wind power source to work in a constant power PQ control mode, and ensuring the maximization of the power generation of the wind power source; meanwhile, a control signal is sent to a first input port (301) of the storage battery sagging control selection module (3) through a fourth output port (206) of the storage battery sagging control selection module, and the storage battery sagging control selection module (3) is started to work;
s3, the storage battery sagging control selection module (3) obtains the residual electric quantity SOC of the storage battery and the maximum output power P of the storage battery through the second input port (302) and the third input port (303) of the storage battery batM The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Then, judging the working state of the storage battery;
if the remaining power SOC of the storage battery is greater than 10%, and the maximum output power P of the storage battery batM Greater than P load -P PVM0 -P WTM0 Discharging the storage battery, setting the storage battery as a main power supply, sending a control signal to a first input end (901) of a PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module (9) of the storage battery through a first output port (304) of a droop control selection module (3) of the storage battery, starting the storage battery to work in a dynamic droop control mode, and ensuring the stability of the system frequency and voltage;
if the remaining power SOC of the battery is less than 10%, or the maximum output power P of the battery batM Less than P load -P PVM0 -P WTM0 The second output port (305) sends a control signal to the input port (401) of the fuel cell sagging control judgment module (4) to start the fuel cell sagging control selection module (4) to work;
s4, the fuel cell sagging control selection module (4) obtains the maximum output power P of the fuel cell through the second input port (402) FCM The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Then, judging the working state of the fuel cell;
if the maximum output power P of the fuel cell FCM Greater than P load -P PVM0 -P WTM0 The fuel cell is set as a main power supply, a control signal is sent to an input end (1001) of a PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module (10) of the fuel cell through a second output port (404) of the fuel cell, and the fuel cell is started to work in a dynamic droop control mode, so that the stability of the system frequency and voltage is ensured; at the same time, the battery charge control module (11) is started through the third output port (405) of the battery charge control module;
if the maximum output power P of the fuel cell FCM Less than P load -P PVM0 -P WTM0 If the SOC of the storage battery is more than 10%, a control signal is sent to a second input port (902) of a PSO self-optimizing PID droop control module (9) of the storage battery through a first output port (403), the storage battery is started to work in a dynamic droop control mode, and the storage battery and the fuel cell respond to load fluctuation together to ensure the stability of system frequency and voltage;
if the SOC of the battery is less than 10%, the battery exits the discharge state, part of the load is cut off, and the battery charge control module (11) is started through a third output port (405) thereof.
2. The micro-grid coordination control device based on particle swarm self-optimizing PID droop control according to claim 1, wherein the micro-grid coordination control device is characterized in that: the frequency PID droop controller based on particle swarm self-optimization comprises a frequency particle swarm optimization module (12) and a frequency PID droop control module (13);
the first input port (1201) of the frequency particle swarm optimization module (12) is connected with a frequency setting device, the second input port (1202) is connected with a frequency measuring device, the first output port (1203) is connected with the first input port (1301) of the frequency PID droop control module (13), the second output port (1204) is connected with the second input port (1302) of the frequency PID droop control module (13), and the third output port (1205) is connected with the third input port (1303) of the frequency PID droop control module (13);
a fourth input port (1304) of the frequency PID droop control module (13) is connected with an active power setting device, a fifth input port (1305) is connected with an active power measuring device, a sixth input port (1306) is connected with the frequency setting device, and a first output port (1307) outputs droop frequency outwards.
3. The micro-grid coordination control device based on particle swarm self-optimizing PID droop control according to claim 1, wherein the micro-grid coordination control device is characterized in that: the voltage PID droop controller based on particle swarm self-optimization comprises a voltage particle swarm optimization module (14) and a voltage PID droop control module (15);
a first input port (1401) of the voltage particle swarm optimization module (14) is connected with a voltage setting device, a second input port (1402) is connected with a voltage measuring device, a first output port (1403) is connected with a first input port (1501) of the voltage PID droop control module (15), a second output port (1404) is connected with a second input port (1502) of the voltage PID droop control module (15), and a third output port (1405) is connected with a third input port (1503) of the voltage PID droop control module (15);
a fourth input port (1504) of the voltage PID droop control module (15) is connected with a reactive power setting device, a fifth input port (1505) is connected with a reactive power measuring device, a sixth input port (1506) is connected with the voltage setting device, and a first output port (1507) outputs droop voltage outwards.
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