CN111780944A - Low-density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature calibration device based on electron beam fluorescence technology - Google Patents
Low-density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature calibration device based on electron beam fluorescence technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN111780944A CN111780944A CN202010793453.XA CN202010793453A CN111780944A CN 111780944 A CN111780944 A CN 111780944A CN 202010793453 A CN202010793453 A CN 202010793453A CN 111780944 A CN111780944 A CN 111780944A
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- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001845 vibrational spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/02—Wind tunnels
- G01M9/04—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K15/00—Testing or calibrating of thermometers
- G01K15/005—Calibration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
- G01M9/065—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing dealing with flow
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature calibration device based on an electron beam fluorescence technology. The calibration device comprises an electron gun arranged on a test section upper dwelling room, and a Faraday cup arranged on a test section lower dwelling room, wherein the Faraday cup receives an electron beam emitted by the electron gun, and the electron beam is positioned between a spray pipe and a diffuser and perpendicular to the axis of the spray pipe and penetrates through a central cavity of a temperature source from top to bottom; the spectrometer and the CCD camera are arranged outside an observation window of the test section, and a convex lens is arranged between the spectrometer and the observation window; the CCD camera is connected with the computer through a network cable. The temperature source is a round pipe, a shell, a heat preservation layer and an electric heating pipe which are coaxial are sequentially arranged on the round pipe from outside to inside, thermocouples which are distributed in parallel from top to bottom along the vertical direction are arranged at the position of 0-degree side wall in the middle section of the round pipe, corresponding optical glass is arranged at the position of 180-degree side wall, and a cavity in the middle section of the round pipe is a measurement area. The calibration device has simple and reliable structure and accurate calibration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hypersonic low-density wind tunnel tests, and particularly relates to a low-density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature calibration device based on an electron beam fluorescence technology.
Background
In a hypersonic low-density wind tunnel test, nitrogen in the air is diatomic molecules, so that a thermodynamic non-equilibrium effect can occur in rarefied flow, the vibration temperature and the rotation temperature of nitrogen gas molecules are inconsistent, and the vibration temperature and the rotation temperature of the nitrogen gas molecules need to be measured for researching the thermodynamic non-equilibrium effect. At present, the vibration temperature and the rotation temperature of gas in a flow field can be measured by adopting an electron beam fluorescence technology, wherein the rotation temperature measurement has a mature technology, and the rotation temperature can be calculated by measuring an electron beam fluorescence rotation spectrum of nitrogen molecules. However, vibration temperature measurement is still under investigation. At present, the vibration temperature is mainly calculated through a vibration spectral band, but accurate spectral constants of various gas molecules and an ideal light path which is not influenced are needed, and the realization difficulty is high.
The method for measuring the vibration temperature of the flow field of the low-density wind tunnel based on the electron beam fluorescence technology firstly needs to calibrate a vibration temperature measuring system of the electron beam fluorescence technology on a low-density wind tunnel test site, and at present, a low-density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature calibrating device based on the electron beam fluorescence technology needs to be developed urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a low-density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature calibration device based on an electron beam fluorescence technology.
The invention relates to a low-density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature calibration device based on an electron beam fluorescence technology, which is characterized by comprising an electron gun which is arranged on a test section upper dwelling chamber of a hypersonic-speed low-density wind tunnel, and a Faraday cup which is arranged on a test section lower dwelling chamber of the hypersonic-speed low-density wind tunnel, wherein the Faraday cup is used for receiving an electron beam emitted by the electron gun, and the electron beam is positioned between a spray pipe and a diffuser and penetrates through a central cavity of a temperature source from top to bottom perpendicular to the axis of the spray pipe;
the spectrometer and the CCD camera which are connected through a wire are arranged outside an observation window of the test section, and a convex lens is arranged between the spectrometer and the observation window;
the CCD camera is connected with the computer through a network cable;
the temperature source be a pipe, the pipe has set gradually coaxial shell, heat preservation and electrothermal tube from outer to interior, in the middle section of pipe, 0 lateral wall position install along vertical direction from last to parallel distribution's thermocouple down, 180 lateral wall positions install corresponding optical glass, the cavity in the middle section of pipe is measuring area.
Further, Δ T is 10K, 20K, 50K, 100K or 200K.
Further, the optical glass is quartz glass, sapphire or sapphire.
Furthermore, the length-diameter ratio of the electrothermal tube is more than or equal to 8.
The thermocouple in the low-density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature calibration device based on the electron beam fluorescence technology can be used for monitoring whether the temperature of a measurement area is uniform or not.
The low-density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature calibration device based on the electron beam fluorescence technology is simple and reliable in structure and accurate in calibration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram (front view) of a low-density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature calibration device based on electron beam fluorescence technology according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram (side view) of the low-density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature calibration device based on the electron beam fluorescence technology.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a temperature source in the low-density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature calibration device based on the electron beam fluorescence technology according to the present invention;
fig. 4a is a spectrum intensity curve obtained by the low-density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature calibration device based on the electron beam fluorescence technology of the present invention (vibration temperature Tv is 400K);
fig. 4b is a spectrum intensity curve (vibration temperature Tv is 600K) obtained by the low-density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature calibration device based on the electron beam fluorescence technology of the present invention;
fig. 4c is a spectrum intensity curve (vibration temperature Tv is 800K) obtained by the low-density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature calibration device based on the electron beam fluorescence technology of the present invention;
fig. 4d is a spectrum intensity curve (vibration temperature Tv is 1000K) obtained by the low-density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature calibration device based on the electron beam fluorescence technology of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a calibration curve of the vibration temperature-characteristic wavelength intensity ratio obtained by the low-density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature calibration device based on the electron beam fluorescence technology of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow field vibration temperature distribution curve measured after calibration by using the low density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature calibration device based on the electron beam fluorescence technology.
In the figure, 1, a test section 2, an electron gun 3, an electron beam 4, a temperature source 5, a Faraday cup 6, an observation window 7, a convex lens 8, a spectrometer 9, a CCD camera 10, a computer 11, a diffuser 12 and a spray pipe;
41. shell 42, insulating layer 43, optical glass 44, measuring area 45, thermocouple 46 and electrothermal tube.
In fig. 6, □ shows the radial vibration temperature distribution curve of the nozzle outlet X-100 mm section;
■ shows the radial vibration temperature distribution curve of the nozzle outlet X-150 mm section;
the tangle-solidup represents the radial vibration temperature distribution curve of the section of the nozzle outlet X which is 200 mm;
the radial vibration temperature profile of the nozzle outlet X-250 mm section is indicated by o.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the low density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature calibration device based on the electron beam fluorescence technology of the present invention includes an electron gun 2 installed in an upper room of a test section 1 of a hypersonic low density wind tunnel, and a faraday cup 5 installed in a lower room of the test section 1 of the hypersonic low density wind tunnel, wherein the faraday cup 5 is used for receiving an electron beam 3 emitted by the electron gun 2, and the electron beam 3 is located between a nozzle 12 and a diffuser 11 and passes through a central cavity of a temperature source 4 from top to bottom perpendicular to an axis of the nozzle 12;
a spectrometer 8 and a CCD camera 9 which are connected through a lead are arranged outside an observation window 6 of the test section 1, and a convex lens 7 is arranged between the spectrometer 8 and the observation window 6;
the CCD camera 9 is connected with the computer 10 through a network cable;
as shown in fig. 3, the temperature source 4 is a circular tube, the circular tube is sequentially provided with a coaxial housing 41, a heat insulating layer 42 and an electric heating tube 46 from outside to inside, a thermocouple 45 which is distributed in parallel from top to bottom along the vertical direction is installed at the position of 0 ° side wall in the middle section of the circular tube, a corresponding optical glass 43 is installed at the position of 180 ° side wall, and a cavity in the middle section of the circular tube is a measurement area 44.
Further, Δ T is 10K, 20K, 50K, 100K or 200K.
Further, the optical glass 43 is quartz glass, sapphire or sapphire.
Further, the aspect ratio of the electrothermal tube 46 is greater than or equal to 8.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a calibration step of the low-density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature calibration device based on the electron beam fluorescence technology and a calibrated low-density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature measurement method. The test conditions were: mach 12 conical nozzle, total pressure P01MPa total temperature T0＝600K。
a. Firstly, vacuumizing a test section 1 of the low-density wind tunnel to be less than 20Pa, electrifying a temperature source 4 to raise the temperature, raising the temperature from room temperature to 1000K, enabling an interval delta T to be 200K, starting an electron gun 2 to emit an electron beam 3 after the temperature is stable at each temperature step, enabling the electron beam 3 to penetrate through the temperature source 4, collecting electron beam fluorescence generated in a measurement area 44 to a slit inlet of a spectrometer 8 through an optical glass 43 by a convex lens 7, enabling the electron beam fluorescence to generate electron beam fluorescence vibration spectral bands of the temperature steps in the spectrometer 8, recording electron beam fluorescence vibration spectral band images F1, F2, … … and Fn of the temperature steps by a CCD camera 9, transmitting the electron beam fluorescence vibration spectral band images F1, F2, … … and Fn to a computer 10 for processing; the electron beam fluorescence vibration spectrum band images of each temperature step are shown in FIGS. 4a, 4b, 4c and 4 d;
b. the computer 10 performs spectral analysis on the F1, the F2, the … … and the Fn, selects the spectral intensities of the same two characteristic wavelengths at each temperature step, calculates the spectral intensity ratio, and draws a calibration curve of the vibration temperature-characteristic wavelength intensity ratio as shown in fig. 5 to finish the vibration temperature calibration;
c. opening the test section 1, taking out the temperature source 4, and closing the test section 1;
d. vacuumizing the test section 1 to be below 20Pa, starting a low-density wind tunnel to blow air, starting an electron gun 2 to emit an electron beam 3, enabling the electron beam 3 to pass through a flow field of the low-density wind tunnel, recording electron beam fluorescence vibration band images of each measuring point of a section where the current position of the electron beam 3 is located by a CCD camera 9, and transmitting the images to a computer 10;
e. synchronously moving the electron gun 2 and the spectrometer 8 to the next position, repeating the step d, and obtaining electron beam fluorescence vibration band images of all measuring points of the section where the next position is located until preset electron beam fluorescence vibration band images of all measuring points of the section where all positions are located are obtained;
f. turning off the electron gun 2, and stopping the low-density wind tunnel;
g. and c, reading the electron beam fluorescence vibration band images of all the measuring points by the computer 10 to obtain the spectral intensity ratio of each measuring point, calculating the vibration temperature of each measuring point through the vibration temperature-characteristic wavelength intensity ratio calibration curve in the step b, and drawing a low-density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature distribution diagram, which is specifically shown in FIG. 6.
Claims (4)
1. The low-density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature calibration device based on the electron beam fluorescence technology is characterized by comprising an electron gun (2) which is arranged on a test section (1) of the hypersonic-speed low-density wind tunnel and is located in an upper room, and a Faraday cup (5) which is arranged on a test section (1) of the hypersonic-speed low-density wind tunnel and is located in a lower room, wherein the Faraday cup (5) is used for receiving an electron beam (3) emitted by the electron gun (2), and the electron beam (3) is located between a spray pipe (12) and a diffuser (11) and is perpendicular to the axis of the spray pipe (12) and penetrates through a central cavity of a temperature source (4) from top to bottom;
a spectrometer (8) and a CCD camera (9) which are connected through a lead are arranged outside an observation window (6) of the test section (1), and a convex lens (7) is also arranged between the spectrometer (8) and the observation window (6);
the CCD camera (9) is connected with the computer (10) through a network cable;
the temperature source (4) be a pipe, the pipe has set gradually coaxial shell (41), heat preservation (42) and electrothermal tube (46) from outer to interior, in the middle section of pipe, 0 lateral wall position install along vertical direction from last thermocouple (45) to parallel distribution down, 180 lateral wall positions install corresponding optical glass (43), the cavity in the middle section of pipe is measurement area (44).
2. The device for calibrating the vibration temperature of the flow field of the low-density wind tunnel based on the electron beam fluorescence technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein Δ T is 10K, 20K, 50K, 100K or 200K.
3. The low-density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature calibration device based on the electron beam fluorescence technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the optical glass (43) is quartz glass, white sapphire or sapphire.
4. The device for calibrating the vibration temperature of the flow field of the low-density wind tunnel based on the electron beam fluorescence technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length-diameter ratio of the electrothermal tube (46) is greater than or equal to 8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010793453.XA CN111780944B (en) | 2020-08-10 | Low-density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature calibration device based on electron beam fluorescence technology |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010793453.XA CN111780944B (en) | 2020-08-10 | Low-density wind tunnel flow field vibration temperature calibration device based on electron beam fluorescence technology |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111780944A true CN111780944A (en) | 2020-10-16 |
| CN111780944B CN111780944B (en) | 2024-05-10 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113670558A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-19 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计与测试技术研究所 | Optical fiber quick positioning method for wind tunnel cold leakage monitoring |
| CN114088336A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-02-25 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计与测试技术研究所 | Method for synchronously measuring temperature and flow state by using fluorescent microwire |
| CN114563159A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-05-31 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | Device and method for measuring Mach number of inner axis of hypersonic low-density wind tunnel nozzle |
| CN115574982A (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2023-01-06 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Temperature-sensitive paint calibration device and calibration method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113670558A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-19 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计与测试技术研究所 | Optical fiber quick positioning method for wind tunnel cold leakage monitoring |
| CN113670558B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2023-08-22 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计与测试技术研究所 | Optical fiber rapid positioning method for wind tunnel cold leakage monitoring |
| CN114088336A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-02-25 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计与测试技术研究所 | Method for synchronously measuring temperature and flow state by using fluorescent microwire |
| CN114088336B (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-04-08 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计与测试技术研究所 | Method for synchronously measuring temperature and flow state by using fluorescent microwire |
| CN114563159A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-05-31 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | Device and method for measuring Mach number of inner axis of hypersonic low-density wind tunnel nozzle |
| CN115574982A (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2023-01-06 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Temperature-sensitive paint calibration device and calibration method |
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