CN111780611B - Subregion flow self-adjusting heat exchanger - Google Patents
Subregion flow self-adjusting heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- CN111780611B CN111780611B CN202010750989.3A CN202010750989A CN111780611B CN 111780611 B CN111780611 B CN 111780611B CN 202010750989 A CN202010750989 A CN 202010750989A CN 111780611 B CN111780611 B CN 111780611B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
- F28F9/0265—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits by using guiding means or impingement means inside the header box
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
- B63H21/38—Apparatus or methods specially adapted for use on marine vessels, for handling power plant or unit liquids, e.g. lubricants, coolants, fuels or the like
- B63H21/383—Apparatus or methods specially adapted for use on marine vessels, for handling power plant or unit liquids, e.g. lubricants, coolants, fuels or the like for handling cooling-water
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchange and discloses a sectional flow self-adjusting heat exchanger. The partitioned flow self-adjusting heat exchanger comprises a shell and a flow adjusting mechanism, wherein the shell is provided with a fluid inlet, an inlet chamber and a cooling chamber are formed in the shell at intervals, the cooling chamber comprises a first cooling partition and a second cooling partition which are connected in parallel and are spaced, and an inlet of the first cooling partition and an inlet of the second cooling partition are both communicated with the inlet chamber; the flow regulating mechanism is arranged in the inlet chamber and used for regulating the flow of the fluid flowing into the first cooling subarea and the second cooling subarea in the inlet chamber. The inlet chamber of the heat exchanger provided by the embodiment of the invention is internally provided with the flow adjusting mechanism, and the flow of the fluid flowing into the first cooling subarea and the second cooling subarea can be adjusted through the flow adjusting mechanism, so that the heat exchanger can adjust the fluid flow distribution proportion among different cooling subareas in a self-adaptive working condition manner, and the heat exchanger can better fit with the multi-working-condition heat load change characteristics of different cooling subareas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchange, in particular to a partitioned flow self-adjusting heat exchanger.
Background
The cooling water system is an important component of the ship power system, plays a role in cooling various working media such as dead steam, cold water, lubricating oil and the like, and is an essential link for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the ship power system. The heat exchanger is a key device of a cooling water system, in order to avoid occupying too much cabin space due to the scattered arrangement of a plurality of heat exchangers, the gravity flow type ship power central cooling system usually adopts an integrated heat exchanger, and a plurality of parallel cooling partitions are arranged in the heat exchanger to realize the simultaneous cooling of a plurality of working mediums. However, the dynamic thermal load characteristics of each cooling partition of the integrated heat exchanger under multiple working conditions are different, and the dynamic requirements for cooling water flow are also different (for example, the dead steam thermal load is sensitive to the working condition change, and the lubricating oil thermal load hardly changes along with the working condition change). In the design of the traditional integrated heat exchanger, effective cooling water flow regulation and control means are lacked among cooling subareas, and the change of multi-working-condition heat load characteristics is difficult to match simultaneously. When the operation condition of a cooling water system changes, in order to ensure the cooling water flow demand of a certain cooling subarea, the cooling water flow of another cooling subarea is always excessive, so that the waste of the cooling water flow of a gravity flow type ship power central cooling system and the increase of the sizes of hydraulic components such as pipelines and the like can be caused on one hand; on the other hand, the flow regulation and control complexity of the intermediate cooling loop of the gravity flow type ship power central cooling system is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a partition flow self-adjusting heat exchanger, which is used for solving or partially solving the problems of poor cooling water flow matching and difficulty in self-adaptive adjustment among cooling partitions under multiple working conditions of a traditional integrated heat exchanger.
The embodiment of the invention provides a subarea flow self-adjusting heat exchanger, which comprises:
the cooling device comprises a shell, a first cooling partition and a second cooling partition, wherein a fluid inlet is formed in the shell, an inlet chamber and a cooling chamber are formed in the shell at intervals, the inlet chamber is communicated with the fluid inlet, the cooling chamber comprises a first cooling partition and a second cooling partition which are connected in parallel and are spaced, and an inlet of the first cooling partition and an inlet of the second cooling partition are both communicated with the inlet chamber; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the flow adjusting mechanism is arranged in the inlet chamber and used for adjusting the flow of the fluid flowing into the first cooling subarea and the second cooling subarea in the inlet chamber.
Wherein the flow adjusting mechanism comprises a flow guiding element, the flow guiding element is arranged in the inlet chamber corresponding to the dividing position of the first cooling subarea and the second cooling subarea, the flow guiding element comprises a first flow guiding surface and a second flow guiding surface, the first flow guiding surface is oriented from the second cooling subarea to the first cooling subarea, and the second flow guiding surface is oriented from the first cooling subarea to the second cooling subarea, wherein:
the first flow guide surface is arranged in a convex manner; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the second flow guide surface is arranged in a concave manner.
The first flow guide surface and the second flow guide surface are both arc-shaped surfaces.
One of the first cooling subarea and the second cooling subarea is arranged on the periphery of the other cooling subarea in a surrounding manner, the flow guide elements are arranged annularly, and the outer side surface and the inner side surface of each flow guide element are respectively corresponding to the first flow guide surface and the second flow guide surface.
Wherein the inlet chamber includes a diverging section that is disposed in a gradually diverging manner in a direction from the fluid inlet to the cooling chamber; at least the part of the flow guide element close to the fluid inlet is positioned in the divergent section, and the flow guide element is gradually diverged in the direction close to the cooling chamber.
The end surface of one end of the flow guide element close to the fluid inlet is a convex arc-shaped surface; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the distance between the parts, close to the cooling chamber, of the first flow guide surface and the second flow guide surface is gradually reduced in the direction close to the cooling chamber.
The inlet chamber is internally provided with a first rectifying element and a second rectifying element, the first rectifying element is positioned between the flow regulating mechanism and the first cooling subarea and used for regulating the flow direction of fluid flowing to the first cooling subarea, and the second rectifying element is positioned between the flow regulating mechanism and the second cooling subarea and used for regulating the flow direction of fluid flowing to the second cooling subarea.
The first cooling partition is arranged on the periphery of the second cooling partition in a surrounding mode, the first rectifying element and the second rectifying element are arranged in an annular mode, and the first rectifying element is sleeved outside the second rectifying element.
The end surfaces of the first rectifying element and the second rectifying element, which are close to one end of the fluid inlet, are convex arc surfaces; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the sizes of the first rectifying element and the second rectifying element at one ends close to the cooling chamber in the direction from the first cooling subarea to the second cooling subarea are gradually reduced in the direction close to the cooling chamber.
The shell is provided with a fluid outlet, an outlet chamber is formed in the shell at intervals, the outlet chamber is communicated with the fluid outlet, and the outlet of the first cooling subarea and the outlet of the second cooling subarea are both communicated with the outlet chamber;
and a first flow guide element and a second flow guide element are arranged in the outlet chamber respectively corresponding to the first cooling subarea and the second cooling subarea and used for guiding the fluid flowing out of the first cooling subarea and the second cooling subarea to the fluid outlet respectively.
The first cooling subarea is arranged on the periphery of the second cooling subarea in a surrounding mode, the first drainage element and the second drainage element are arranged in an annular mode, and the first drainage element is sleeved outside the second drainage element.
The first flow guiding element is arranged at one end close to the cooling chamber in a manner of being vertical to an outlet of the first cooling subarea, and the second flow guiding element is arranged at one end close to the cooling chamber in a manner of being vertical to an outlet of the second cooling subarea; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the first drainage element and the second drainage element are arranged in a gradually-retracted mode in the direction away from the cooling chamber at one end away from the cooling chamber.
The first drainage element and the second drainage element are arranged in a mode that the retraction degree of one end, far away from the cooling chamber, of the first drainage element and the second drainage element is gradually increased and then gradually reduced in the direction far away from the cooling chamber.
Wherein the outlet chamber comprises a tapered section and a cooling outlet section, the tapered section is arranged in a gradually-shrinking manner in the direction close to the fluid inlet, and the cooling outlet section is positioned between the cooling chamber and the tapered section;
one end, close to the cooling chamber, of the first flow guiding element is located in the outlet section, and one ends, far away from the cooling chamber, of the first flow guiding element and the second flow guiding element are located in the tapered section.
The zoning flow self-adjusting heat exchanger also comprises a supporting element, wherein the supporting element is arranged on the inner side wall of the shell and used for supporting the internal structure of the zoning flow self-adjusting heat exchanger; the support element has a beginning proximate the fluid inlet and an end opposite the beginning, wherein:
the end surface of the starting end of the supporting element is a convex arc-shaped surface; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the support element comprises two support element side surfaces which are opposite in a direction perpendicular to the direction from the initial end to the tail end, and the distance between the parts of the two support element side surfaces far away from the fluid inlet is gradually reduced in the direction far away from the fluid inlet.
The inlet chamber of the zoned flow self-adjusting heat exchanger provided by the embodiment of the invention is internally provided with the flow adjusting mechanism, and the flow of the fluid flowing into the first cooling zone and the second cooling zone can be adjusted through the flow adjusting mechanism, so that the flow distribution proportion of the fluid among different cooling zones can be adjusted in a self-adaptive working condition manner through the zoned flow self-adjusting heat exchanger, and the inlet chamber can better fit the multi-working-condition heat load change characteristics of different cooling zones.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a graph of heat load and cooling water flow rate for a conventional integrated heat exchanger;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a partitioned flow self-adjusting heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 2 at the inlet chamber;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the operation of the flow guide element of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 2 at the outlet chamber;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the support member of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the heat load and cooling water flow rate of the zoned flow self-adjusting heat exchanger of FIG. 2;
description of reference numerals: the zoned flow self-regulating heat exchanger 100, the shell 1, the fluid inlet 11, the fluid outlet 12, the inlet pipe 13, the inlet pipe plate 14, the cooling pipe 15, the inner pipe 16, the outlet pipe plate 17, the outlet pipe 18, the inlet chamber 2, the diverging section 21, the cooling inlet section 22, the cooling chamber 3, the first cooling zone 31, the second cooling zone 32, the flow directing element 4, the first flow directing surface 41, the second flow directing surface 42, the first flow directing element 51, the second flow directing element 52, the outlet chamber 6, the converging section 61, the cooling outlet section 62, the first flow directing element 71, the second flow directing element 72, the support element 8, the first support element 8a, the second support element 8b, the third support element 8c, the beginning 81, the end 82, the support element side 83.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The embodiment of the invention provides a partitioned flow self-adjusting heat exchanger which can be applied to a gravity flow type ship power central cooling water system with variable operation working conditions and various working media for centralized cooling. As shown in fig. 2, the zoned flow self-regulating heat exchanger 100 includes a housing 1 and a flow regulating mechanism.
As shown in fig. 2, the housing 1 is provided with a fluid inlet 11, an inlet chamber 2 and a cooling chamber 3 are formed at intervals in the housing 1, and the inlet chamber 2 is communicated with the fluid inlet 11. Wherein, a fluid for cooling (for example, cooling water, which will be described below by taking the fluid as cooling water as an example) can enter the inlet chamber 2 from the fluid inlet 11, the inlet chamber 2 is communicated with the cooling chamber 3, the cooling water in the inlet chamber 2 can enter the cooling chamber 3 and exchange heat with the working medium in the cooling chamber 3 to cool the working medium in the cooling chamber 3, generally, as shown in fig. 2, the housing 1 is provided with a fluid outlet 12, the housing 1 is further provided with outlet chambers 6 at intervals, the outlet chambers 6 are communicated with the fluid outlet 12, and the outlet chambers 6 are communicated with the cooling chamber 3, so that the cooling water after heat exchange in the cooling chamber 3 can enter the outlet chambers 6 and flow out of the housing 1 from the fluid outlet 12.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the shell 1 includes an inlet pipe 13, an inlet pipe plate 14, a cooling pipe 15, an outlet pipe plate 17, and an outlet pipe 18, the inlet pipe 13, the cooling pipe 15, and the outlet pipe 18 are all disposed in a cylindrical shape with two open ends, the cooling pipe 15 is located between the inlet pipe 13 and the outlet pipe 18, an open end of the inlet pipe 13, which is far away from the cooling pipe 15, forms a fluid inlet 11, an open end of the outlet pipe 18, which is far away from the cooling pipe 15, forms a fluid outlet 12, the inlet pipe plate 14 is connected between the inlet pipe 13 and the cooling pipe 15, the outlet pipe plate 17 is connected between the outlet pipe 18 and the cooling pipe 15, and the inlet pipe plate 14 and the outlet pipe plate 17 are both provided with communication holes.
The cooling chamber 3 includes a first cooling partition 31 and a second cooling partition 32 which are connected in parallel and spaced apart from each other, and an inlet of the first cooling partition 31 and an inlet of the second cooling partition 32 are both communicated with the inlet chamber 2. Wherein, cooling chamber 3 includes a plurality of cooling subareas, and different cooling subareas are used for circulating different working mediums, and a plurality of cooling subareas are not communicated with each other, and the cooling water in inlet chamber 2 can get into a plurality of cooling subareas of cooling chamber 3 respectively to carry out the heat transfer with the working mediums in a plurality of cooling subareas. Further, the arrangement of the plurality of cooling sections of the cooling chamber 3 is various, and for example, the plurality of cooling sections of the cooling chamber 3 may be stacked or nested with each other. The specific number of cooling zones included in the cooling chamber 3 and the arrangement manner between the cooling zones of the cooling chamber 3 can be set according to actual needs, specifically, as shown in fig. 2, an inner pipe 16 is disposed in the cooling chamber 3 to form a first cooling zone 31 and a second cooling zone 32 at intervals in the cooling chamber 3, the first cooling zone 31 is circumferentially disposed on the periphery of the second cooling zone 32, that is, the inner side of the inner pipe 16 is the second cooling zone 32, and the outer side of the inner pipe 16 is the first cooling zone 31.
The flow rate adjusting mechanism is disposed in the inlet chamber 2 to adjust the flow rate of the fluid flowing into the first cooling sub-section 31 and the second cooling sub-section 32 in the inlet chamber 2. The flow regulating mechanism is arranged to regulate the flow of the fluid flowing into the first cooling subarea 31 and the second cooling subarea 32, so that the subarea flow self-regulating heat exchanger 100 can self-adaptively regulate the fluid flow distribution proportion among different cooling subareas under working conditions, and can better fit with the multi-working-condition heat load change characteristics of different cooling subareas. It should be noted that, when the cooling chamber 3 includes two or more cooling zones, one flow rate adjustment mechanism may be provided for any two cooling zones. The flow rate adjusting mechanism may be disposed in various manners, for example, the flow rate adjusting mechanism may include a driving device and a rotating plate, the rotating plate is rotatably installed in the inlet chamber 2, the driving device is configured to drive the rotating plate to rotate, and the flow rate of the fluid flowing into the first cooling partition 31 and the second cooling partition 32 in the inlet chamber 2 is adjusted by the rotation of the rotating plate; the flow rate adjusting mechanism may be provided by providing a rotatable adjusting plate at the inlet of the first cooling partition 31 and the second cooling partition 32, and adjusting the size of the inlet of the first cooling partition 31 and the second cooling partition 32 by rotating the adjusting plate to control the flow rate of the fluid flowing into the first cooling partition 31 and the second cooling partition 32.
The flow rate adjusting mechanism can also be as shown in fig. 2 to 4, in this embodiment, the flow rate adjusting mechanism includes a flow guiding element 4, and the flow guiding element 4 is disposed in the inlet chamber 2 corresponding to the boundary position of the first cooling partition 31 and the second cooling partition 32; the flow guiding element 4 comprises a first flow guiding surface 41 and a second flow guiding surface 42, the first flow guiding surface 41 being oriented in the direction from the second cooling partition 32 to the first cooling partition 31, the second flow guiding surface 42 being oriented in the direction from the first cooling partition 31 to the second cooling partition 32, wherein: the first guide surface 41 is arranged in a convex manner and/or the second guide surface 42 is arranged in a concave manner, and the flow rate of the cooling water close to the first guide surface 41 and/or the second guide surface 42 can be correspondingly adjusted by limiting the shape of the first guide surface 41 and/or the second guide surface 42. Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, the first flow guiding surface 41 is disposed in a convex shape, and the second flow guiding surface 42 is disposed in a concave shape, so that when cooling water with a certain flow velocity flows through the flow guiding element 4, one end of the flow guiding element 4 close to the fluid inlet 11 is divided into two parts (as shown in fig. 3 and 4, in this embodiment, an end surface of one end of the flow guiding element 4 close to the fluid inlet 11 is a convex arc-shaped surface, and an end surface of one end of the flow guiding element 4 is disposed in an arc-shaped surface, so that resistance of one end of the flow guiding element 4 close to the fluid inlet 11 to the cooling water is small); meanwhile, the speed of the cooling water on the surface of the flow guiding element 4 is redistributed, wherein a flow of cooling water close to the first flow guiding surface 41 is narrowed due to the protrusion of the first flow guiding surface 41 (as shown in fig. 3 and 4, in this embodiment, the first flow guiding surface 41 is an arc-shaped surface, so that the resistance of the first flow guiding surface 41 to the cooling water is small), and the flow speed of the cooling water is increased; the other flow of cooling water near the second guiding surface 42 has a wider flow passage due to the concave second guiding surface 42 (as shown in fig. 3 and 4, in this embodiment, the second guiding surface 42 is an arc-shaped surface, so that the resistance of the second guiding surface 42 to the cooling water is smaller), and the flow speed of the cooling water becomes slower. After the cooling water flows through the flow guiding element 4, the cooling water is recombined at a position where the flow guiding element 4 is close to the cooling chamber 3 and presents a new velocity distribution characteristic (as shown in fig. 3 and 4, in this embodiment, the distance between the portions of the first flow guiding surface 41 and the second flow guiding surface 42 close to the cooling chamber 3 is gradually reduced in a direction close to the cooling chamber 3, so that the resistance of the end of the flow guiding element 4 close to the cooling chamber 3 to the cooling water is small, and the cooling water is also favorable for being recombined). When the cross-sectional shape, mounting angle, etc. of the flow guiding element 4 is determined, its effect on the flow field is mainly influenced by the flow velocity of the upstream cooling water. The higher the cooling water flow rate, the more significant the flow field is acted by the flow guide element 4, and the greater the velocity gradient generated by the first flow guide surface 41 and the second flow guide surface 42 on the cooling water. On the basis of not depending on a movement adjusting part, the flow guide element 4 is arranged in the inlet chamber 2, and the flow velocity distribution of the cooling water at the inlets of the first cooling subarea 31 and the second cooling subarea 32 along the radial direction of the tube plate is adjusted by utilizing the change of the action characteristic of the flow field of the flow guide element 4 when the flow velocity of the cooling water is changed under multiple working conditions, so that the cooling water flow distribution with self-adaptive working condition change among different cooling subareas is realized.
The inlet chamber 2 of the zoned flow self-adjusting heat exchanger 100 provided by the embodiment of the invention is internally provided with the flow adjusting mechanism, and the flow of the fluid flowing into the first cooling zone 31 and the second cooling zone 32 can be adjusted through the flow adjusting mechanism, so that the flow distribution proportion of the fluid between different cooling zones can be adjusted in a self-adaptive working condition manner through the zoned flow self-adjusting heat exchanger 100, and the heat load change characteristics of different cooling zones under multiple working conditions can be better fitted.
The flow guiding element 4 is disposed in the inlet chamber 2 corresponding to the boundary position of the first cooling partition 31 and the second cooling partition 32, so the specific shape of the flow guiding element 4 is related to the arrangement of the first cooling partition 31 and the second cooling partition 32, for example, when the first cooling partition 31 and the second cooling partition 32 are stacked, the flow guiding element 4 is disposed in a plate shape, and the first flow guiding surface 41 and the second flow guiding surface 42 are two plate surfaces of the flow guiding element 4 respectively; as shown in fig. 2 and 3, one of the first cooling partition 31 and the second cooling partition 32 may be circumferentially disposed on the periphery of the other, the flow guiding element 4 is annularly disposed, and the outer side surface and the inner side surface of the flow guiding element 4 correspond to the first flow guiding surface 41 and the second flow guiding surface 42, specifically, in this embodiment, the first cooling partition 31 is circumferentially disposed on the periphery of the second cooling partition 32, the flow guiding element 4 is annularly disposed, and the outer side surface and the inner side surface of the flow guiding element 4 are the first flow guiding surface 41 and the second flow guiding surface 42, respectively.
The flow guiding element 4 is arranged in the inlet chamber 2, in particular, as shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the inlet chamber 2 comprises a divergent section 21, and the divergent section 21 is gradually divergent in the direction from the fluid inlet 11 to the cooling chamber 3; at least the part of the flow guide element 4 close to the fluid inlet 11 is positioned in the divergent section 21, the flow guide element 4 is gradually extended outwards in the direction close to the cooling chamber 3, and the divergent section 21 is arranged on the inlet chamber 2, and the shape of the flow guide element 4 is correspondingly adjusted, so that cooling water can smoothly enter the inlet chamber 2 from the fluid inlet 11.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, a first rectifying element 51 and a second rectifying element 52 are disposed in the inlet chamber 2 (specifically, the inlet chamber 2 further includes a cooling inlet section 22, the cooling inlet section 22 is located between the diverging section 21 and the cooling chamber 3, the first rectifying element 51 and the second rectifying element 52 are located in the cooling inlet section 22), the first rectifying element 51 is located between the flow rate adjusting mechanism and the first cooling partition 31 for adjusting the flow direction of the fluid flowing to the first cooling partition 31, the second rectifying element 52 is located between the flow rate adjusting mechanism and the second cooling partition 32 for adjusting the flow direction of the fluid flowing to the second cooling partition 32, the first rectifying element 51 and the second rectifying element 52 can rectify the flow between the flow rate adjusting mechanism and the cooling chamber 3, so that the cooling water can enter the first cooling partition 31 and the second cooling partition 32 in a direction perpendicular to the inlet.
The specific shape of the first and second rectifying elements 51 and 52 is related to the arrangement of the first and second cooling partitions 31 and 32, and for example, when the first and second cooling partitions 31 and 32 are stacked, each of the first and second rectifying elements 51 and 52 may be a plate-like arrangement; as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, in this embodiment, the first cooling partition 31 is circumferentially disposed on the periphery of the second cooling partition 32, the first rectifying element 51 and the second rectifying element 52 are both disposed in an annular shape, and the first rectifying element 51 is sleeved outside the second rectifying element 52.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, the end surfaces of the first flow straightener 51 and the second flow straightener 52 near the fluid inlet 11 are convex arc surfaces, and the resistance of the flow straightener to the cooling water can be reduced by setting one end surface of the flow straightener to an arc surface.
Similarly, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, the sizes of the ends of the first rectifying element 51 and the second rectifying element 52 close to the cooling chamber 3 in the direction from the first cooling partition 31 to the second cooling partition 32 are set to be gradually smaller in the direction close to the cooling chamber 3, and the resistance of the rectifying elements to the cooling water can also be reduced by restricting the shape of the ends of the rectifying elements close to the cooling chamber 3.
Under the multi-working condition, along with the change of the flow velocity of the cooling water, under the combined action of the flow guide element 4, the first rectifying element 51 and the second rectifying element 52, the flow velocity of the cooling water at the inlets of the first cooling partition 31 and the second cooling partition 32 is in a new dynamic distribution rule along the radial direction of the inlet tube plate 14. By utilizing the characteristics of the flow guide element 4, the self-adaptive and dynamic adjustment of the cooling water flow distribution ratio among different cooling zones along with the change of the cooling water flow speed in the inlet chamber 2 in a multi-working condition range can be realized, and the effect can be compared and seen in fig. 1 and fig. 7.
Fig. 1 is a heat load and cooling water flow curve of a conventional integrated heat exchanger, as shown in fig. 1, a heat load of a first cooling partition 31 increases in a parabolic trend with an increase in a navigational speed, and a heat load of a second cooling partition 32 increases in a linear small amplitude with an increase in the navigational speed, and the conventional integrated heat exchanger lacks a cooling water flow regulation and control means between the first cooling partition 31 and the second cooling partition 32, and under a dynamic condition, cooling water flows of the two cooling partitions have similar change laws, so that in order to meet a cooling water flow demand of the first cooling partition 31, the cooling water flow of the second cooling partition 32 is often excessive. And fig. 7 is a curve of the heat load and the cooling water flow rate of the partitioned flow self-adjusting heat exchanger 100, as shown in fig. 7, the change rule of the heat load is kept consistent with that of fig. 1, and by the regulation and control action of the flow field by the flow guide element 4, the first rectifying element 51 and the second rectifying element 52 in the inlet chamber 2, the cooling water flow rate of the first cooling partition 31 rises in a parabola shape along with the increase of the navigational speed, while the increase trend of the cooling water flow rate of the second cooling partition 32 is slowed down, so that the cooling water flow rates of the first cooling partition 31 and the second cooling partition 32 can better match with the change of the heat load under working conditions in a wide working condition range, the multi-working condition working performance of the partitioned flow self-adjusting heat exchanger 100 is improved, and the requirement on the total cooling water flow rate is reduced.
As described above, the zoned flow self-regulating heat exchanger 100 further includes the outlet chamber 6, and specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, in this embodiment, the housing 1 is provided with the fluid outlet 12, the outlet chamber 6 is further formed at intervals in the housing 1, the outlet chamber 6 is communicated with the fluid outlet 12, and both the outlet of the first cooling zone 31 and the outlet of the second cooling zone 32 are communicated with the outlet chamber 6; a first flow directing element 71 and a second flow directing element 72 are provided in the outlet chamber 6 corresponding to the first cooling partition 31 and the second cooling partition 32, respectively, for directing the fluid flowing out of the first cooling partition 31 and the second cooling partition 32, respectively, to the fluid outlet 12. By arranging the first flow guide element 71 and the second flow guide element 72, the uniformity of the flow field in the outlet chamber 6 can be improved in a wide flow velocity range, the occurrence of unstable flow phenomena such as large-scale vortex, secondary flow and the like can be inhibited, and the flow resistance of the outlet chamber 6 can be reduced.
The specific shape of the first and second flow directing elements 71 and 72 is related to the arrangement of the first and second cooling zones 31 and 32, and for example, when the first and second cooling zones 31 and 32 are arranged in a stacked manner, the first and second flow directing elements 71 and 72 may each be arranged in a plate shape; as shown in fig. 2 and 5, in this embodiment, the first cooling partition 31 is circumferentially disposed on the periphery of the second cooling partition 32, the first flow guiding element 71 and the second flow guiding element 72 are both disposed in an annular shape, and the first flow guiding element 71 is sleeved outside the second flow guiding element 72.
As shown in fig. 2 and 5, in the present embodiment, the end of the first flow guiding element 71 close to the cooling chamber 3 is arranged perpendicular to the outlet of the first cooling partition 31, and the end of the second flow guiding element 72 close to the cooling chamber 3 is arranged perpendicular to the outlet of the second cooling partition 32, and by defining the shape of the end of the flow guiding element close to the cooling chamber 3, the resistance of the flow guiding element to the cooling water can be reduced.
Similarly, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, in the present embodiment, the ends of the first flow guiding element 71 and the second flow guiding element 72, which are far away from the cooling chamber 3, are arranged to be gradually retracted in the direction far away from the cooling chamber 3, and the resistance of the flow guiding elements to the cooling water can also be reduced by defining the shape of the ends of the flow guiding elements, which are far away from the cooling chamber 3.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, in the present embodiment, the retraction degree of the ends of the first flow guiding element 71 and the second flow guiding element 72 far from the cooling chamber 3 is gradually increased and then gradually decreased in the direction far from the cooling chamber 3. The flow guide element adopts a reverse S-shaped tapered flow channel section design, and the excellent low-resistance flow characteristic of the outlet chamber 6 can be ensured to be kept in a wide working condition range by controlling the flow channel contraction ratio along the flow direction of cooling water.
The first flow guiding element 71 and the second flow guiding element 72 are disposed in the outlet chamber 6, specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, in the present embodiment, the outlet chamber 6 includes a tapered section 61 and an outlet section 62, the tapered section 61 is gradually retracted in a direction close to the fluid inlet 11, and the outlet section 62 is located between the cooling chamber 3 and the tapered section 61; the end of the first flow-directing element 71 close to the cooling chamber 3 is located in the outlet section 62, and the ends of the first flow-directing element 71 and the second flow-directing element 72 remote from the cooling chamber 3 are located in the tapered section 61. By adapting the shape of the flow-guiding element to the shape of the outlet chamber 6, a plurality of parallel low-resistance flow channels for cooling water can be arranged at relatively uniform intervals in the outlet chamber 6.
As shown in fig. 3 and 5, in the present embodiment, the zoned flow self-adjusting heat exchanger 100 further includes a support member 8, and the support member 8 is disposed on an inner sidewall of the housing 1 to support an internal structure of the zoned flow self-adjusting heat exchanger 100. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the support element 8 includes a first support element 8a, a second support element 8b and a third support element 8c, the flow guide element 4 is disposed on the first support element 8a, the first flow straightening element 51 and the second flow straightening element 52 are disposed on the second support element 8b, the first flow guide element 71 and the second flow guide element 72 are disposed on the third support element 8c, and since the flow guide element 4 is disposed in a ring shape, the first support element 8a may extend in a radial direction of the flow guide element 4 and be disposed in a plurality in a circumferential direction of the flow guide element 4; since the first rectifying element 51 and the second rectifying element 52 are also arranged in a ring shape, the second supporting element 8b may extend in the radial direction of the first rectifying element 51, and a plurality of the second supporting elements may be arranged in the circumferential direction of the first rectifying element 51; since the first flow guiding element 71 and the second flow guiding element 72 are also arranged in a ring shape, the third supporting element 8c may extend in a radial direction of the first flow guiding element 71, and a plurality of the supporting elements are arranged in a circumferential direction of the first flow guiding element 71.
As shown in fig. 3, 5 and 6, in the present embodiment, the support element 8 has a start 81 close to the fluid inlet 11 and a terminal end 82 opposite the start 81, wherein: the end surface of the starting end 81 of the supporting element 8 is a convex arc-shaped surface; and/or the support element 8 comprises two support element sides 83 opposite in a direction perpendicular to the direction from the start 81 to the end 82, the distance between the parts of the two support element sides 83 remote from the fluid inlet 11 being arranged gradually smaller in the direction away from the fluid inlet 11. The supporting element 8 adopts a long water drop type section design, so that on the premise of meeting the supporting requirement, the flow area along the flow direction of the cooling water is reduced, and the flow field disturbance and the flow resistance to the inlet chamber 2 and the outlet chamber 6 are reduced.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. A zoned flow self-adjusting heat exchanger, comprising:
the cooling device comprises a shell, a first cooling partition and a second cooling partition, wherein a fluid inlet is formed in the shell, an inlet chamber and a cooling chamber are formed in the shell at intervals, the inlet chamber is communicated with the fluid inlet, the cooling chamber comprises a first cooling partition and a second cooling partition which are connected in parallel and are spaced, and an inlet of the first cooling partition and an inlet of the second cooling partition are both communicated with the inlet chamber; and the number of the first and second groups,
the flow adjusting mechanism is arranged in the inlet chamber and comprises a flow guide element, the flow guide element is arranged in the inlet chamber corresponding to the dividing position of the first cooling subarea and the second cooling subarea and comprises a first flow guide surface and a second flow guide surface, the first flow guide surface faces to the direction from the second cooling subarea to the first cooling subarea, and the second flow guide surface faces to the direction from the first cooling subarea to the second cooling subarea;
the first flow guide surface is arranged in a convex manner; and/or the second flow guide surface is concave, and the flow guide element is used for adjusting the flow of the fluid flowing into the first cooling subarea and the second cooling subarea in the inlet chamber.
2. The zoned flow self-adjusting heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the first flow directing surface and the second flow directing surface are both arcuate surfaces.
3. The zoned flow self-adjusting heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein one of the first cooling zone and the second cooling zone is circumferentially disposed on a periphery of the other, the flow guide element is disposed in a ring shape, and an outer side surface and an inner side surface of the flow guide element correspond to the first flow guide surface and the second flow guide surface, respectively.
4. The zoned flow self-adjusting heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein an end surface of the flow guide element at an end close to the fluid inlet is a convex arc-shaped surface; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the distance between the parts, close to the cooling chamber, of the first flow guide surface and the second flow guide surface is gradually reduced in the direction close to the cooling chamber.
5. The zoned flow self-regulating heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the inlet chamber has a first flow straightener element positioned between the flow regulating mechanism and the first cooling zone to regulate the flow of fluid to the first cooling zone and a second flow straightener element positioned between the flow regulating mechanism and the second cooling zone to regulate the flow of fluid to the second cooling zone.
6. The zoned flow self-adjusting heat exchanger according to claim 5, wherein end surfaces of the first and second flow straightening elements at ends thereof adjacent to the fluid inlet are convexly curved surfaces; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the sizes of the first rectifying element and the second rectifying element at one ends close to the cooling chamber in the direction from the first cooling subarea to the second cooling subarea are gradually reduced in the direction close to the cooling chamber.
7. The zoned flow self-regulating heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the housing is provided with a fluid outlet, and an outlet chamber is formed at intervals in the housing, the outlet chamber is communicated with the fluid outlet, and the outlet of the first cooling zone and the outlet of the second cooling zone are both communicated with the outlet chamber;
and a first flow guide element and a second flow guide element are arranged in the outlet chamber respectively corresponding to the first cooling subarea and the second cooling subarea and used for guiding the fluid flowing out of the first cooling subarea and the second cooling subarea to the fluid outlet respectively.
8. The zoned flow self-adjusting heat exchanger according to claim 7, wherein the first cooling zone is circumferentially disposed around the second cooling zone, the first flow directing element and the second flow directing element are both disposed in an annular shape, and the first flow directing element is sleeved outside the second flow directing element, wherein:
one end of the first flow guiding element, which is close to the cooling chamber, is arranged in a manner of being vertical to an outlet of the first cooling subarea, and one end of the second flow guiding element, which is close to the cooling chamber, is arranged in a manner of being vertical to an outlet of the second cooling subarea; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the first drainage element and the second drainage element are arranged in a gradually-retracted mode in the direction away from the cooling chamber at one end away from the cooling chamber.
9. The zoned flow self-regulating heat exchanger of claim 1, further comprising a support member disposed on an inner sidewall of the housing to support an internal structure of the zoned flow self-regulating heat exchanger; the support element has a beginning proximate the fluid inlet and an end opposite the beginning, wherein:
the end surface of the starting end of the supporting element is a convex arc-shaped surface; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the support element comprises two support element side surfaces which are opposite in a direction perpendicular to the direction from the initial end to the tail end, and the distance between the parts of the two support element side surfaces far away from the fluid inlet is gradually reduced in the direction far away from the fluid inlet.
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| CN202010750989.3A CN111780611B (en) | 2020-07-30 | 2020-07-30 | Subregion flow self-adjusting heat exchanger |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112414174B (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-04-29 | 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) | Parallel type partition self-adaptive flow regulation cooling device |
| CN112414166B (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-04-29 | 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) | Self-adaptive flow regulation cooling device with upper partition and lower partition |
| CN112506236B (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2023-11-03 | 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) | Upper-lower partition self-adaptive flow distribution adjusting device and design method |
| CN112414173B (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-04-29 | 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) | Parallel type partition self-adaptive flow regulation cooling system |
| CN112460489B (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-08-30 | 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) | Self-adaptive flow distribution adjusting device |
| CN112460490B (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-09-02 | 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) | Design method of self-adaptive flow distribution adjusting device |
| CN112923347A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-06-08 | 西安石油大学 | Novel annular array flow distribution device |
| CN114166047B (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2023-06-02 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Printed circuit board type heat exchanger |
| CN115371482B (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-02-10 | 江苏成华能源化工设备有限公司 | Flow equalizing device for shell-and-tube heat exchanger |
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