CN111779453A - A combined hole reaming method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a combined hole expansion method and device in the technical field of coal mine drilling. On the basis of ordinary drilling, the combined hole expansion device realizes the combination of hydraulic hole expansion and mechanical flexible hole expansion to carry out flexible joint expansion. The combined reaming device includes a drill pipe, a hydraulic cutting head and a flexible reaming bit. The flexible reaming bit includes a reaming seat and a chain or cable. The chain or cable is made of high-strength and wear-resistant metal materials. In addition, a high-pressure hose is pierced through the chain slinging or the slinging cable, and a high-pressure water jetting port is provided at one end of the high-pressure hose away from the reaming seat. The invention adopts the combination of hydraulic cutting and flexible mechanical reaming to carry out fast and efficient reaming of coal mine gas drainage boreholes. application.

Description

A combined hole reaming method and device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine drilling, and in particular relates to a combined hole expanding method and device.

Background technique

Before coal mining, it is necessary to drill holes to extract gas. When drilling, it is necessary to drill holes from the rock layer to the coal seam. In order to save the drilling cost and increase the gas extraction efficiency, it is necessary to ensure that the hole diameter of the drilled hole in the rock layer remains unchanged. The drilling in the coal seam section is subjected to reaming treatment to expand the surface area of the inner hole of the coal seam and improve the gas overflow efficiency. The existing gas drainage drilling hole reaming device and hole reaming method have the problems of low working efficiency, difficulty in withdrawing drilling, low reliability and the like. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve the existing drilling and reaming methods and devices.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a combined hole reaming method, comprising the following steps:

1) Drilling positioning: according to the coal seam conditions, measure the line to locate the drilling position;

2) Drilling: first, use the ordinary gas extraction drilling rig to drill the ordinary hole through the rock layer to the coal seam, stop the drilling after the ordinary drilling depth reaches the design position, and withdraw the ordinary drill bit;

3) Reaming: Combined hydraulic reaming and mechanical flexible reaming for flexible joint reaming;

31) Hydraulic reaming, using a hydraulic cutting head with a high-pressure nozzle along the radial direction for hydraulic reaming;

32) Mechanically flexible reaming, a flexible reaming bit is connected to the rear end of the hydraulic cutting head, and the flexible reaming bit is used for mechanically flexible reaming. The flexible reaming bit is driven by a drill rod with A chain slinging or cable slinging is arranged radially on the hole drill bit, and a high-pressure hose is pierced through the chain slinging or slinging cable, and the high-pressure hose is communicated with the high-pressure water in the reaming bit. The end away from the flexible reaming bit is matched with the chain or cable throwing through the high-pressure water jet to perform hydraulic auxiliary cutting for the drilling synchronously.

Preferably, in step 32), the working speed of the deceleration motor is 500 r/min, and the rotational inertia is used to stretch the chain or cable, so as to ensure the accuracy of the reaming size and improve the reaming efficiency.

Preferably, the working pressure of the high-pressure water is 30MPa, so as to achieve a better hydraulic cutting effect.

As another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a combined hole reaming device, comprising a drill pipe, a hydraulic cutting head and a flexible reaming drill bit, one end of the drill pipe is connected to a geared motor for transmission, and the other end is connected to a flexible expansion hole. The drill bit is fixedly connected, and the hydraulic cutting head is connected to the end of the flexible reaming bit away from the drill pipe. The drill pipe, the flexible reaming bit and the hydraulic cutting head are provided with interconnected high-pressure water channels. The outer circular surface is provided with a plurality of high-pressure nozzles in the radial direction, and the end of the hydraulic cutting head away from the flexible reaming drill bit is also connected with an excavating drill bit. The flexible reaming drill bit includes a reaming seat and a chain or cable. The chain slinging or the slinging cable is made of high-strength and wear-resistant metal material, and the chain slinging or the slinging cable is provided with a high-pressure hose, and the end of the high-pressure hose away from the reaming seat is provided with a high-pressure water jetting port. After the device enters the coal seam, the drilling depth can be increased by the excavating drill bit. The hydraulic cutting head and the flexible reaming drill bit can cooperate to realize the drilling depth and fast reaming. After the reaming is completed, the high pressure hose is released. The rapid withdrawal of the drill can be realized, thereby effectively improving the work efficiency of the hole reaming operation, and at the same time improving the reliability of the hole reaming device. The outer surfaces of the reaming seat and the drill pipe are provided with a spiral guide groove, which facilitates the timely delivery of the broken coal particles during reaming out of the drilled hole and ensures the reaming efficiency.

Preferably, the slinging chain adopts a mining high-strength circular ring chain, which has a high degree of freedom and is not prone to fatigue damage.

Preferably, the high-pressure hose is an armored metal hose, which is beneficial to ensure the service life of the high-pressure hose.

Preferably, the high-strength wear-resistant metal material is selected from 27SiMn, which has high strength and good wear resistance, which is beneficial to improve the service life of the device.

Preferably, a diamond composite sheet is provided on the chain slinging or the slinging cable, which improves the wear resistance of the slinging chain or the slinging cable and is beneficial to prolong the service life of the device.

Preferably, the reaming seat is provided with three rings of reaming assemblies at intervals along the axial direction, and each ring of reaming assemblies includes at least two chains or cables to ensure the stability of the operation of the flexible reaming bit and improve the reliability of the device , to ensure the hole reaming efficiency.

Preferably, the reaming radii of the three-ring reaming components are 100mm, 200mm and 250mm respectively. The closer the chain or cable is to the hydraulic cutting head, the smaller the reaming radius is, so that the drilling direction of the drill bit is from the front of the device. After that, the holes are reamed step by step, so that each ring of reaming components is within a reasonable reaming radius, which reduces the wear of the device, improves the reaming efficiency and ensures the reliability of the device.

The present invention also includes other steps, devices or components that can make the combined hole reaming method and device work normally, all of which are conventional technical means in the art. In addition, the steps, devices or components not limited in the present invention are all adopted in the art conventional technical means.

According to the invention, the ordinary gas drilling rig is used to drill the ordinary hole in the rock layer and the coal seam. After the ordinary bit is withdrawn, the flexible reaming bit with the hydraulic cutting head is replaced to carry out the reaming operation. The head is hydraulically sprayed to make the coal seam more loose, and then the coal seam is mechanically beaten by the chain or cable on the flexible reaming bit to accelerate the fragmentation of the coal seam. The expansion and extension effect of water on the high-pressure hose can improve the stretching stiffness of the chain or cable, and help improve the efficiency of mechanical reaming. Combined with the high-pressure water jet at the end of the high-pressure hose in the chain or cable, The coal seam in the hole serves the purpose of assisting hydraulic cutting, which not only helps to improve the reliability of chain or cable throwing, but also helps to further improve the hole reaming efficiency.

The beneficial effect of the invention is that the invention can quickly and efficiently ream the coal mine gas drainage borehole by adopting the combination of hydraulic cutting and flexible mechanical reaming, and the device has a simple structure, high reliability, good wear resistance and stability. , easy to withdraw drilling, suitable for popularization and application.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the combined hole reaming device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the end of the chain swing in the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments in the embodiments of the present invention, and the descriptions herein are only used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc., should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Inside.

Example 1

The invention provides a combined hole reaming method, comprising the following steps:

1) Drilling positioning: according to the coal seam conditions, measure the line to locate the drilling position;

2) Drilling: first, use the ordinary gas extraction drilling rig to drill the ordinary hole through the rock layer to the coal seam, stop the drilling after the ordinary drilling depth reaches the design position, and withdraw the ordinary drill bit;

3) Reaming: Combined hydraulic reaming and mechanical flexible reaming for flexible joint reaming;

31) Hydraulic reaming, using a hydraulic cutting head with a high-pressure nozzle along the radial direction for hydraulic reaming;

32) Mechanically flexible reaming, a flexible reaming bit is connected to the rear end of the hydraulic cutting head, and the flexible reaming bit is used for mechanically flexible reaming. The flexible reaming bit is driven by a drill rod with A chain slinging or cable slinging is arranged radially on the hole drill bit, and a high-pressure hose is pierced through the chain slinging or slinging cable, and the high-pressure hose is communicated with the high-pressure water in the reaming bit. The end far away from the flexible reaming drill bit is matched with the chain or cable slinging through the high-pressure water jet to perform hydraulic auxiliary cutting for the drilling synchronously; the working speed of the deceleration motor is 500r/min, and the rotating inertia is used to make the chain or cable sling. It is stretched, which is convenient to ensure the accuracy of the hole expansion size and improve the hole expansion efficiency; the working pressure of the high-pressure water is 30MPa, so as to achieve a better hydraulic cutting effect.

Example 2

As shown in Figures 1-2, the present invention also provides a combined hole reaming device, comprising a drill rod 1, a hydraulic cutting head 2 and a flexible reaming drill 3, one end of the drill rod 1 is connected to a geared motor (not shown in the figure). shown) drive connection, the other end is fixedly connected with the flexible reaming bit 3, the hydraulic cutting head 2 is connected to the end of the flexible reaming bit 3 away from the drill rod 1, the drill rod 1, the flexible reaming bit 3 and the hydraulic The cutting head 2 is provided with a high-pressure water channel 4 that communicates with each other. The outer circular surface of the hydraulic cutting head 2 is provided with a plurality of high-pressure nozzles 5 in the radial direction, and the end of the hydraulic cutting head 2 away from the flexible reaming drill bit 3 is also connected. There is a boring bit 6, the flexible reaming bit 3 includes a reaming seat 3-1 and a chain slinger 3-2. The chain slinger 3-2 is made of high-strength and wear-resistant metal materials, and the chain slinger 3-2 is pierced through it. There is a high-pressure hose 3-21, and one end of the high-pressure hose 3-21 away from the reaming seat 3-1 is provided with a high-pressure water jetting port. After the device enters the coal seam, the drilling depth can be increased by the excavating drill bit 6, and the drilling depth can be quickly reamed at the same time through the cooperation of the hydraulic cutting head 2 and the flexible reaming drill bit 3. After the reaming is completed, the high-pressure hose 3 -21 to relieve the pressure, the drilling can be quickly withdrawn, thus effectively improving the work efficiency of the hole reaming operation, and at the same time improving the reliability of the hole reaming device.

The outer surfaces of the reaming seat 3-1 and the drill pipe 1 are provided with a spiral guide groove 7, which facilitates the timely delivery of the broken coal particles during reaming out of the drilled hole and ensures the reaming efficiency. The chain sling 3-2 adopts mining high-strength circular chain, which has a high degree of freedom and is not prone to fatigue damage. The high-pressure hose 3-21 adopts armored metal hose, which is beneficial to ensure the service life of the high-pressure hose 3-21. The high-strength wear-resistant metal material is made of 27SiMn, which has high strength and good wear resistance; the chain sling 3-2 is provided with a diamond composite sheet 8, which can improve the wear resistance of the chain 3-2 and is beneficial to the extension device service life. The reaming base 3-1 is provided with three rings of reaming assemblies at intervals along the axial direction, and each ring of reaming assemblies includes at least two chains 3-2 to ensure the operation stability of the flexible reaming bit 3 and improve the reliability of the device. to ensure the hole reaming efficiency. The reaming radii of the three-ring reaming components are 100mm, 200mm and 250mm respectively. The closer the chain sling 3-2 is to the hydraulic cutting head 2, the smaller the reaming radius is, so that the device can be moved from front to back in the drilling direction of the drill bit. Step-by-step reaming ensures that each ring of reaming components is within a reasonable reaming radius, reducing device wear, improving reaming efficiency and ensuring device reliability.

In the present invention, a common gas drilling rig is used to drill common holes in rock layers and coal seams. After the common drill is withdrawn, a flexible reaming drill 3 with a hydraulic cutting head 2 is replaced to carry out the reaming operation. The hydraulic cutting head 2 performs hydraulic injection to make the coal seam more loose, and then mechanically beats the coal seam through the swing chain 3-2 on the flexible reaming drill bit 3 to accelerate the fragmentation of the coal seam. Tube 3-21, using the expansion and extension effect of high-pressure water on high-pressure hose 3-21, can improve the stretching rigidity of chain sling 3-2, which is helpful to improve the efficiency of mechanical hole reaming. The high-pressure water jet at the end of the pipe 3-21 serves the purpose of assisting the hydraulic cutting of the coal seam in the borehole, which not only helps to improve the reliability of the chain slinger 3-2, but also helps to further improve the hole reaming efficiency.

Embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the foregoing description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limiting of the disclosed embodiments. Numerous modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims (10)

1. A combined reaming method, comprising the steps of:

1) drilling and positioning: measuring and setting out according to the coal seam condition to position the drilling hole;

2) drilling: firstly, drilling a common drill hole in a coal seam through a rock layer by using a common gas extraction drilling machine, stopping drilling after the depth of the common drill hole reaches a designed position, and withdrawing a common drill bit;

3) reaming: flexible combined reaming is carried out by adopting a mode of combining hydraulic reaming and mechanical flexible reaming;

31) hydraulic reaming is carried out by adopting a hydraulic cutting head provided with a high-pressure spray head along the radial direction;

32) flexible reaming bit is connected at the rear end of hydraulic power cutting head to flexible reamer bit of machinery, carries out the flexible reaming of machinery through flexible reamer bit, flexible reamer bit passes through the drilling rod drive of taking gear motor, be equipped with along radial getting rid of the chain or getting rid of the cable on the flexible reamer bit, wear to be equipped with high-pressure hose in getting rid of the chain or getting rid of the cable, high-pressure hose is linked together with the water under high pressure in the reamer bit, the one end that flexible reamer bit was kept away from to high-pressure hose is got rid of the chain or gets rid of the cable through the cooperation of high-pressure water jet, carries out the supplementary cutting.

2. The combined reaming method according to claim 1, wherein in step 32), the operating speed of the reduction motor is 500 r/min.

3. The combined reaming method of claim 1, wherein in step 32), the high pressure water has a working pressure of 30 MPa.

4. A combined reaming device based on the combined reaming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: including drilling rod, water conservancy cutting head and flexible reamer bit, drilling rod one end is connected with the gear motor transmission, the other end and flexible reamer bit fixed connection, the one end that the drilling rod was kept away from to the water conservancy cutting head at flexible reamer bit is connected, be equipped with the high pressure water channel who link up mutually in drilling rod, flexible reamer bit and the water conservancy cutting head, radially be equipped with a plurality of high pressure nozzle on the outer disc of water conservancy cutting head, and the water conservancy cutting head one end of keeping away from flexible reamer bit still is connected with the tunnelling drill bit, flexible reamer bit includes the reaming seat and gets rid of the chain or gets rid of the cable, get rid of the chain or get rid of the cable and all adopt the high-strength wear-resisting metal material, and get rid of the chain or get rid of and wear to be equipped.

5. The combined reaming device of claim 4, wherein: the method is characterized in that: the swinging chain adopts a mining high-strength round-link chain.

6. The combined reaming device of claim 4, wherein: the high-pressure hose is an armored metal hose.

7. The combined reaming device of claim 4, wherein: the high-strength wear-resistant metal material is a 27SiMn material.

8. The combined reaming device of claim 4, wherein: and a diamond compact is arranged on the swinging chain or the swinging cable.

9. The combined reaming device of claim 4, wherein: the reaming base is provided with three circles of reaming assemblies at intervals along the axial direction, and each circle of reaming assembly at least comprises two throwing chains or throwing cables.

10. The combined reaming device of claim 9, wherein: the reaming radius of the three-ring reaming assembly is 100mm, 200mm and 250mm respectively, and the closer the chain throwing or cable throwing is to the hydraulic cutting head, the smaller the reaming radius is.

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