CN111963188B - Anchor drill heading machine and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Anchor drill heading machine and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111963188B CN111963188B CN202010900215.4A CN202010900215A CN111963188B CN 111963188 B CN111963188 B CN 111963188B CN 202010900215 A CN202010900215 A CN 202010900215A CN 111963188 B CN111963188 B CN 111963188B
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- drill
- splitting
- anchor
- heading machine
- anchor drill
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/11—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
Abstract
The invention discloses an anchor drill heading machine and a construction method thereof. The swing driving mechanism comprises a hinged seat, a telescopic arm is hinged to the hinged seat, the cantilever platform is fixed to the telescopic arm, and the telescopic arm is connected with the hinged seat through a swing oil cylinder. The anchor rod splitting device integrates the functions of an anchor rod drilling machine and a hydraulic splitting rod, and the anchor rod drilling splitting device firstly drills holes and then cracks on the tunnel face, so that the high-efficiency digging of hard rock is realized, the abrasion of a cutter is avoided, and the production cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heading machines, in particular to an anchor drilling heading machine and a construction method thereof.
Background
A rock Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) is large tunnel excavation equipment integrating technologies such as machinery, electronics, hydraulic pressure and laser, and plays an important role in mountain tunnel and urban subway engineering construction. However, when high-strength rocks such as granite and marble are encountered, the TBM tunneling efficiency is obviously reduced, the cutter loss is huge, and the construction cost is increased. The existing excavating equipment such as a tunneling, anchoring and drilling integrated hard rock heading machine with application number of CN201410760991.3 and a composite split-feeding machine with application number of CN201711130728.6 can be used for excavating hard rock, but the existing excavating equipment is complex in structure and high in production cost; poor flexibility and low tunneling efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to design a new anchor drill heading machine to improve heading efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the background technology, the invention provides an anchor drill heading machine and a construction method thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the anchor drill tunneling machine comprises a tunneling machine body, wherein a cantilever platform and a slag removing mechanism are arranged on the tunneling machine body, the cantilever platform is located above the slag removing mechanism, an anchor drill splitting device is arranged on the cantilever platform, and the cantilever platform is connected with the tunneling machine body through a swing driving mechanism.
The swing driving mechanism comprises a hinged seat, a telescopic arm is hinged to the hinged seat, the cantilever platform is fixed to the telescopic arm, and the telescopic arm is connected with the hinged seat through a swing oil cylinder.
The hinged seat is connected with the heading machine body through a rotary support, and the rotary support can rotate relative to the heading machine body.
The anchor drill splitting device comprises a fixing seat, an anchor drill splitter and a driving mechanism are arranged on the fixing seat, and the driving mechanism is connected with the anchor drill splitter through a transmission rotating piece.
The anchor bores the splitter and includes the drilling rod, and the one end of drilling rod is equipped with the drill bit, and the other end is equipped with rotary joint, the drilling rod passes through the bearing mount pad and sets up on the fixing base, inlay on the drilling rod and be equipped with the two-way hydro-cylinder of splitting.
The rotary joint comprises a rotary inner core and a shell, the rotary inner core is rotatably arranged in the shell, the shell is fixed on the fixed seat, the shell is provided with a hydraulic joint, the outer wall of the rotary inner core is provided with an annular oil groove, a first axial oil passage is arranged in the rotary inner core and communicated with the annular oil groove, and the annular oil groove corresponds to the rotary joint one by one.
The drill rod is internally provided with a second axial oil passage, the second axial oil passage is communicated with the first axial oil passage and corresponds to the first axial oil passage one by one, the second axial oil passage is communicated with a splitting bidirectional oil cylinder, the splitting bidirectional oil cylinder is uniformly distributed on the drill rod along the axial direction, and the splitting bidirectional oil cylinder stretches and retracts along the radial direction of the drill rod.
The driving mechanism comprises a driving motor, the transmission rotating part comprises a driving gear and a driven gear, the driving motor is fixed on the fixing seat, the driving gear is fixed at the output end of the driving motor, the driven gear is fixed on the drill rod, and the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear.
The splitting bidirectional oil cylinder comprises a cylinder barrel, piston rods are symmetrically arranged in the cylinder barrel, a top block is arranged at the outer end of each piston rod, each top block extends out of the cylinder barrel, a piston is arranged at the inner end of each piston rod, a sealing plug is arranged at the end of the cylinder barrel, and the sealing plug is located between the piston rods and the cylinder barrel.
The two ends of the cylinder barrel are provided with fixing lug seats, and the fixing lug seats are connected with the drill rod through bolts; and an oil port is arranged on the cylinder barrel and is communicated with the second axial oil duct.
A construction method of an anchor drill heading machine comprises the following steps:
s1: the cantilever excavator drives the anchor drill splitting device to drill a tunnel face by controlling the cantilever platform;
s2: the anchor drill splitting device drills uniformly distributed peripheral holes, splitting holes and auxiliary holes on a tunnel face;
s3: controlling the depth of the anchor drill through a traveling mechanism of the cantilever tunneling machine, collecting rock and muck of the anchor drill through a slag removal device, and conveying the rock and muck to the outside through a conveyor;
s4: after drilling is finished, inserting the anchor drill splitting device into the splitting hole, allowing hydraulic oil to enter the anchor drill splitting device, driving the splitting bidirectional oil cylinder to move, and performing expansion splitting on rocks around the splitting hole;
s5: and step S4 is repeated until the splitting excavation of the whole tunnel face is completed.
The anchor rod splitting device integrates the functions of an anchor rod drilling machine and a hydraulic splitting rod, and the anchor rod drilling splitting device firstly drills holes and then cracks on the tunnel face, so that the high-efficiency digging of hard rock is realized, the abrasion of a cutter is avoided, and the production cost is reduced. The splitting holes are reasonably arranged, so that the spalling efficiency is increased, and the breaking speed is increased. The anchor drill splitting device provided by the invention is matched with a multi-degree-of-freedom cantilever platform, can rotate and translate relative to the tunneling machine body, ensures the flexibility of the anchor drill splitting device, realizes the whole splitting tunneling of the whole tunnel face, and ensures the efficient and safe performance of the breaking and tunneling work.
Drawings
In order to illustrate the embodiments of the invention more clearly, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a first three-dimensional schematic view of the anchor drill splitting apparatus of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a second three dimensional schematic view of the anchor drill cleaving device of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a rotary joint structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a first schematic view of the internal structure of the anchor drill splitter of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a second schematic view of the internal structure of the anchor drill splitter of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the splitting bidirectional cylinder structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the splitting bidirectional oil cylinder according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the construction state of the anchor drilling heading machine.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in embodiment 1, an anchor drill excavator comprises a heading machine body 1, and a traveling mechanism 4 of the heading machine body 1 can be a traveling mechanism by adopting a crawler. The heading machine body is also provided with a conveying mechanism 5 for discharging slag, and the conveying mechanism can adopt a conveying belt. The excavator body 1 is provided with a cantilever platform 6 and a slag removal mechanism 2, the cantilever platform 6 is located above the slag removal mechanism 2, and the cantilever platform is a multi-degree-of-freedom platform and can rotate and translate relative to the excavator body, so that the flexibility of the cantilever platform is guaranteed. And an anchor drill splitting device 3 is arranged on the cantilever platform 6, and the anchor drill splitting device is fixed on the cantilever platform and used for splitting and excavating the tunnel face. The cantilever platform 6 is connected with the heading machine body 1 through a swing driving mechanism 7, and the cantilever platform swings up and down and left and right through the swing driving mechanism.
Further, the swing driving mechanism 7 comprises a hinged seat 701, the hinged seat 701 is connected with the heading machine body 1 through a rotary support 8, the rotary support 8 can rotate relative to the heading machine body 1, the rotary support adopts the existing rotary mechanism, and then the rotary support is driven to rotate relative to the heading machine body through a driving motor, so that the rotation of the cantilever platform is realized. Articulated on articulated seat 701 have flexible arm 702, flexible arm can stretch out and draw back, realizes the change of its whole length, and cantilever platform 6 is fixed on flexible arm 702, and under the effect of flexible arm, the cantilever platform carries out the translation for the regulation of its position, and flexible arm 702 is connected with articulated seat 701 through swing hydro-cylinder 703, and under the effect of swing hydro-cylinder, flexible arm drives cantilever platform and carries out up-and-down, horizontal hunting, improves the flexibility of anchor brill splitting device, guarantees to carry out whole splitting tunnelling to whole face.
As shown in fig. 2, in embodiment 2, the anchor drill splitting device 3 includes a fixing seat 302, an anchor drill splitter and a driving mechanism are disposed on the fixing seat 302, the driving mechanism is connected to the anchor drill splitter through a transmission rotating member, and the driving mechanism drives the anchor drill splitter to rotate through the transmission rotating member, so as to implement drilling on a tunnel face. Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor 301, the transmission rotating member comprises a driving gear 304 and a driven gear 310, the driving motor 301 is fixed on the fixing base 302, the driving gear 304 is fixed at the output end of the driving motor 301, that is, the output end of the driving motor is connected with the gear shaft through a coupler 303, and the driving gear is fixed on the gear shaft. The driven gear 310 is fixed on the drill rod 307, the driving gear 304 is meshed with the driven gear 310, and under the action of the driving motor, the driving gear drives the driven gear to rotate, so that the drill rod rotates.
Further, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the anchor drill splitter includes a drill rod 307, one end of the drill rod 307 is provided with a drill bit 308, the other end is provided with a rotary joint 305, the drill bit is detachably connected with the drill rod through threads or bolts, and the drill bit and the drill rod are coaxially arranged. The drill rod 307 is arranged on the fixing seat 302 through the bearing mounting seat 306, the splitting bidirectional oil cylinder 309 is embedded on the drill rod 307, the expansion direction of the splitting bidirectional oil cylinder 309 is radial along the drill rod 307, the hole drilled by the drill bit is subjected to spalling, splitting excavation of the tunnel face is further achieved, and abrasion of a cutter is avoided.
Further, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the rotary joint 305 includes a rotary inner core 3051 and an outer shell 3052, a sealing end cap 3053 is disposed at an outer end of the outer shell 3052, the outer shell 3052 is fixed to the fixing base 302 through a collar 3055, and the rotary inner core 3051 is fixedly connected to the drill rod. The rotating inner core 3051 is rotatably arranged in the shell 3052 through a rolling bearing 3056, and the rotating inner core 3051 and the shell 3052 are coaxially and hermetically arranged. Be equipped with three hydraulic joint 3054 on the shell 3052, be equipped with the annular oil groove 3057 of three concentric circles on the outer wall of rotatory inner core 3051, rotatory inner core 3051 is inside to be equipped with three first axial oil duct 3058, and first axial oil duct 3058 communicates with annular oil groove 3057 one-to-one, annular oil groove 3057 and rotary joint 305 one-to-one. Hydraulic oil enters the annular oil groove 3057 through the rotary joint 305, then enters the second axial oil duct 3059 in the drill rod 307 through the first axial oil duct 3058, and then enters the split bidirectional oil cylinder through the second axial oil duct 3059 to drive the split bidirectional oil cylinder.
Further, three second axial oil ducts 3059 are arranged in the drill rod 307, the second axial oil ducts 3059 are communicated with the first axial oil ducts 3058 and correspond to the first axial oil ducts 3058 one by one, the second axial oil ducts 3059 are communicated with the splitting bidirectional oil cylinder 309, the second axial oil ducts are two oil inlet ducts and one oil outlet duct in the middle, and double stretching control over the splitting bidirectional oil cylinder is achieved. The splitting bidirectional oil cylinders 309 are uniformly distributed on the drill rod 307 along the axial direction, and the number of the splitting bidirectional oil cylinders is set according to the requirement. The splitting bidirectional oil cylinder 309 radially extends and retracts along the drill rod 307, and expansion and fracture of the drill hole are achieved.
The other structure is the same as embodiment 1.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, in embodiment 3, the anchor drill heading machine includes a splitting bidirectional cylinder 309, the drill rod is provided with a through hole, the cylinder 30911 is installed in the through hole, the cylinder 30911 is symmetrically provided with a piston rod 3093, and the piston rod 3093 and the cylinder are coaxially arranged. A top block 3094 is fixedly arranged at the outer end of the piston rod 3093, the top block 3094 extends out of the cylinder barrel 30911, a piston 3092 is arranged at the inner end of the piston rod 3093, a sealing plug 3095 is arranged at the end of the cylinder barrel 30911, and the sealing plug 3095 is located between the piston rod 3093 and the cylinder barrel 30911, so that the sealing performance of the split bidirectional oil cylinder is improved.
Further, both ends of the cylinder barrel 30911 are provided with fixing lug seats 3096, and the fixing lug seats 3096 are connected with the drill rod 307 through bolts; the split bidirectional oil cylinder 309 is telescopic while in-out of the split bidirectional oil cylinder 309 is achieved through the in-out of hydraulic oil, and expansion cracking is conducted on drilled holes. The other structure is the same as embodiment 2.
Example 4: as shown in fig. 9, a construction method of the anchor drill heading machine according to embodiment 3 includes the steps of:
s1: the cantilever excavator drives the anchor drill splitting device 3 to drill a tunnel face by controlling the cantilever platform 6, and the drilling position is carried out according to a designed preset position;
s2: the anchor drill splitting device 3 drills uniformly distributed peripheral holes, splitting holes and auxiliary holes on the tunnel face; the peripheral hole is located the periphery of face, and the auxiliary hole is located the central part of face, and the splitting hole is located between peripheral hole and the auxiliary hole, and the quantity of peripheral hole, splitting hole and auxiliary hole sets up as required, guarantees going on smoothly of spalling can.
S3: the depth of the anchor drill is controlled through a traveling mechanism 4 of the cantilever excavator, and the rock and muck of the anchor drill are collected through a slag removal device 2 and are conveyed to the outside through a conveyor 5;
s4: after drilling is finished, inserting the anchor drill splitting device 3 into the splitting hole, enabling hydraulic oil to enter the anchor drill splitting device 3, driving the splitting bidirectional oil cylinder 309 to move, and performing expansion splitting on rocks around the splitting hole;
s5: and step S4 is repeated until the splitting excavation of the whole tunnel face is completed.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. An anchor drill heading machine comprising a heading machine body (1), characterized in that: the excavator body (1) is provided with a cantilever platform (6) and a slag removal mechanism (2), the cantilever platform (6) is positioned above the slag removal mechanism (2), the cantilever platform (6) is provided with an anchor drill splitting device (3), and the cantilever platform (6) is connected with the excavator body (1) through a swing driving mechanism (7);
the anchor drill splitting device (3) comprises a fixed seat (302), wherein an anchor drill splitter and a driving mechanism are arranged on the fixed seat (302), and the driving mechanism is connected with the anchor drill splitter through a transmission rotating member; the anchor drill splitter comprises a drill rod (307), one end of the drill rod (307) is provided with a drill bit (308), the other end of the drill rod is provided with a rotary joint (305), the drill rod (307) is arranged on the fixed seat (302) through a bearing mounting seat (306), and a splitting bidirectional oil cylinder (309) is embedded on the drill rod (307); the splitting bidirectional oil cylinders (309) are uniformly distributed on the drill rod (307) along the axial direction, and the splitting bidirectional oil cylinders (309) stretch and retract along the drill rod (307) in the radial direction.
2. The anchor-drilling heading machine according to claim 1, wherein: the swing driving mechanism (7) comprises a hinge seat (701), a telescopic arm (702) is hinged to the hinge seat (701), the cantilever platform (6) is fixed to the telescopic arm (702), and the telescopic arm (702) is connected with the hinge seat (701) through a swing oil cylinder (703).
3. The anchor drill heading machine of claim 2, wherein: the hinged seat (701) is connected with the heading machine body (1) through a rotary support (8), and the rotary support (8) can rotate relative to the heading machine body (1).
4. The anchor drill heading machine of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: rotary joint (305) include rotary inner core (3051) and shell (3052), rotary inner core (3051) rotates and sets up in shell (3052), shell (3052) are fixed on fixing base (302), be equipped with hydraulic joint (3054) on shell (3052), be equipped with annular oil groove (3057) on rotary inner core (3051)'s the outer wall, rotary inner core (3051) inside is equipped with first axial oil duct (3058), first axial oil duct (3058) is linked together with annular oil groove (3057), annular oil groove (3057) and first axial oil duct (3058) one-to-one.
5. The anchor drill heading machine of claim 4, wherein: a second axial oil duct (3059) is arranged in the drill rod (307), the second axial oil duct (3059) is communicated with the first axial oil duct (3058) and corresponds to the first axial oil duct (3058) one by one, and the second axial oil duct (3059) is communicated with the splitting bidirectional oil cylinder (309).
6. The anchor drill heading machine of any one of claims 1 to 3 or 5, wherein: the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor (301), the transmission rotating part comprises a driving gear (304) and a driven gear (310), the driving motor (301) is fixed on the fixing seat (302), the driving gear (304) is fixed at the output end of the driving motor (301), the driven gear (310) is fixed on the drill rod (307), and the driving gear (304) is meshed with the driven gear (310).
7. The anchor-drilling heading machine according to claim 6, wherein: the splitting bidirectional oil cylinder (309) comprises a cylinder barrel (30911), a piston rod (3093) is symmetrically arranged in the cylinder barrel (30911), the outer end of the piston rod (3093) is provided with a top block (3094), the top block (3094) extends out of the cylinder barrel (30911), the inner end of the piston rod (3093) is provided with a piston (3092), the end part of the cylinder barrel (30911) is provided with a sealing plug (3095), and the sealing plug (3095) is located between the piston rod (3093) and the cylinder barrel (30911).
8. The anchor drill heading machine of claim 7, wherein: the two ends of the cylinder barrel (30911) are provided with fixing lug seats (3096), and the fixing lug seats (3096) are connected with the drill rod (307) through bolts; an oil port (3097) is formed in the cylinder barrel (30911), and the oil port (3097) is communicated with the second axial oil duct (3059).
9. A construction method of the anchor drill excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: the cantilever excavator drives the anchor drill splitting device (3) to drill a tunnel face by controlling the cantilever platform (6);
s2: the anchor drill splitting device (3) drills uniformly distributed peripheral holes, splitting holes and auxiliary holes on the tunnel face;
s3: the anchor drill depth is controlled through a traveling mechanism (4) of the cantilever tunneling machine, and the rock and muck of the anchor drill are collected through a slag removing mechanism (2) and are conveyed to the outside through a conveyor (5);
s4: after drilling is finished, inserting the anchor drill splitting device (3) into the splitting hole, enabling hydraulic oil to enter the anchor drill splitting device (3), driving the splitting bidirectional oil cylinder (309) to move, and performing expansion splitting on rocks around the splitting hole;
s5: and step S4 is repeated until the splitting excavation of the whole tunnel face is completed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010900215.4A CN111963188B (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2020-08-31 | Anchor drill heading machine and construction method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010900215.4A CN111963188B (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2020-08-31 | Anchor drill heading machine and construction method thereof |
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| CN111963188A CN111963188A (en) | 2020-11-20 |
| CN111963188B true CN111963188B (en) | 2022-04-01 |
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| CN112780293B (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2023-10-20 | 山东建筑大学 | Tunnel hard rock micro-damage cutting device, system and method |
| CN113356847A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-09-07 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Rock swelling and breaking equipment and rock swelling and breaking construction method for tunnel |
| CN114017028B (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2023-09-15 | 国能神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 | Rock stratum splitting equipment and roof rock stratum splitting method |
| CN114320330A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-04-12 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Concentric rock drilling and splitting device |
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| CN111963188A (en) | 2020-11-20 |
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