CN111772039A - 一种蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料及其加工工艺 - Google Patents
一种蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料及其加工工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料的加工工艺，所述蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料由下述重量配比的原料组成：玉米650‑670份、植物性蛋白饲料280‑300份、次粉15‑30份、米糠5‑8份、鱼粉15‑20份、中草药混合物10‑12份、复合维生素5‑8份、复合氨基酸7‑8份、微量元素3‑5份、复合酶1‑2份和水10份。本发明的颗粒饲料不仅营养搭配合理，可提高蛋鸭的免疫力，还能有效提高蛋鸭的产蛋率和蛋黄指数，市场价值高。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于饲料技术领域，特别是涉及一种蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料的加工工艺。
背景技术
鸭蛋是人类最好的营养来源之一，鸭蛋中含有大量的维生素和矿物质，是具有高生物价值的蛋白质。鸭蛋性味甘、凉，具有滋阴清肺的作用，入肺、脾经；有大补虚劳、滋阴养血、润肺美肤等功效；适应于病后体虚、燥热咳嗽、咽干喉痛、高血压、腹泻痢疾等病患者食用。用于膈热、咳嗽、喉痛、齿痛。随着人口的增多和人们生活质量的提高，鸭蛋的需求量也不断大。
在蛋鸭饲养过程中，由于饲料营养不均衡，导致蛋鸭食欲不佳，采食量少，饲料利用率低，从而延长养殖周期，耗料多，养殖成本增加，另外，由于蛋鸭饲料使用不当，还会导致蛋鸭发病率高等严重后果。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料的加工工艺，本发明的颗粒饲料不仅营养搭配合理，可提高蛋鸭的免疫力，还能有效提高蛋鸭的产蛋率和蛋黄指数，市场价值高。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料的加工工艺，所述蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料由下述重量配比的原料组成：玉米650-670份、植物性蛋白饲料280-300份、次粉15-30份、米糠5-8份、玉米酒糟粕10-12份、鱼粉15-20份、中草药混合物10-12份、复合维生素5-8份、复合氨基酸7-8份、微量元素3-5份、复合酶1-2份和水10份；
所述蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料的加工工艺如下：
S1、将玉米粉碎，过8-10目筛后，和植物性蛋白饲料混匀得混合物一；
S2、将复合维生素逐级稀释后和次粉均匀加入上述混合物一，得混合物二；
S3、将鱼粉、米糠、玉米酒糟粕和复合酶均匀加入上述混合物二中得混合物三；
S4、将中草药混合物、复合氨基酸和微量元素逐级稀释后均匀加入到上述混合物三得混合物四；
S5、对步骤S4混合物进行浓缩、干燥、制粒，得直径或等效圆直径为2.5-4.5mm的颗粒物，即得蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料。
进一步地说，所述植物性蛋白饲料包括豆粕和菜粕，比例为92-95：8-5。
进一步地说，所述中草药混合物的各组分用量为：女贞子10-20mg、甘草10-20mg、矮紫堇10-20mg、茵陈10-20mg和桂枝10-20mg。
进一步地说，所述复合维生素的各组分用量为：VB1 1.5-3mg、VB21.5-3mg、VB3 3-6mg、VB5 1.5-2-4mg、VB6 3-7mg、VB7 10-15mg、VB12 1.6-4mg、烟酰胺1.5-3mg和叶酸1.5-3mg。
进一步地说，所述微量元素的各组分用量为：铁150-250mg、锌2-5mg、铜2-5mg、镁4-7mg、钾5-8mg、碘0.5-1.5mg，铬0.3-0.6mg、锰50-60mg和硒0.2-0.5mg
进一步地说，所述复合氨基酸按重量百分数计包括赖氨酸0.88-1.10％、蛋氨酸0.39-0.44％和苏氨酸0.64-0.81％。
进一步地说，所述S5中的浓缩工艺为浓缩至波美度为20°Be。
进一步地说，所述S5中颗粒物的形状选自圆柱体、三棱柱体、长方体和横截面不规则形体中的一种。
进一步地说，所述复合酶包括以下质量分数的原料：转谷氨酰胺酶55-80％、β-葡萄糖苷酶20-40％和阿魏酸酯酶25-30％。
本发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明所选用的原料可满足蛋鸭生长所需的营养成分，保证蛋鸭生长过程的营养均衡，提高产蛋率和蛋黄指数；
2、本发明所添加的中草药混合物能够增强蛋鸭的免疫力，减少养殖期间的发病率；
3、本发明所添加的复合微生物和微量元素能够充分满足蛋鸭产蛋的需要，增强机体的抗应激和抗病能力，降低蛋鸭的死亡率；
4、本发明所添加的复合酶能够改善蛋壳蛋黄色泽，增加蛋壳厚度，减少畸形蛋出现；
4、本发明改善了现有技术的加工工艺，除基本的混合原料外，还对原料进行高温杀菌和浓缩等过程，保证饲料的卫生安全，可延长颗粒饲料的保质期；本发明的配方加上加工工艺制得的颗粒饲料隔氧防潮效果好、稳定性高，易于储存。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
实施例1：
所述蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料由下述重量配比的原料组成：玉米650份、植物性蛋白饲料280份、次粉15份、米糠5份、玉米酒糟粕10份、鱼粉15份、中草药混合物10份、复合维生素5份、复合氨基酸7份、微量元素3份、复合酶1份和水10份。
实施例2：
所述蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料由下述重量配比的原料组成：玉米660份、植物性蛋白饲料290份、次粉23份、米糠6份、玉米酒糟粕11份、鱼粉17份、中草药混合物11份、复合维生素7份、复合氨基酸7份、微量元素4份、复合酶1份和水10份。
实施例3：
所述蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料由下述重量配比的原料组成：玉米670份、植物性蛋白饲料300份、次粉30份、米糠8份、玉米酒糟粕12份、鱼粉20份、中草药混合物12份、复合维生素8份、复合氨基酸8份、微量元素5份、复合酶2份和水10份。
实施例1-实施例3所述的蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料的加工工艺如下：
S1、将玉米粉碎，过8-10目筛后，和植物性蛋白饲料混匀得混合物一；
S2、将复合维生素逐级稀释后均匀加入上述混合物一和次粉，混合均匀得混合物二；
S3、将鱼粉、米糠、玉米酒糟粕和复合酶均匀加入上述混合物二中得混合物三；
S4、将中草药混合物、复合氨基酸和微量元素逐级稀释后均匀加入到上述混合物三得混合物四；
S5、对步骤S4混合物进行浓缩、干燥、制粒，得直径或等效圆直径为2.5-4.5mm的颗粒物，即得蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料。
实施例1-实施例3中所述植物性蛋白饲料包括豆粕和菜粕，比例为92-95：8-5。
所述中草药混合物的各组分用量为：女贞子10-20mg、甘草10-20mg、矮紫堇10-20mg、茵陈10-20mg和桂枝10-20mg。
所述复合维生素的各组分用量为：VB1 1.5-3mg、VB2 1.5-3mg、VB3 3-6mg、VB51.5-2-4mg、VB6 3-7mg、VB7 10-15mg、VB12 1.6-4mg、烟酰胺1.5-3mg和叶酸1.5-3mg。
所述微量元素的各组分用量为：铁150-250mg、锌2-5mg、铜2-5mg、镁4-7mg、钾5-8mg、碘0.5-1.5mg，铬0.3-0.6mg、锰50-60mg和硒0.2-0.5mg
所述复合氨基酸按重量百分数计包括赖氨酸0.88-1.10％、蛋氨酸0.39-0.44％和苏氨酸0.81-0.64％。
所述S5中的浓缩工艺为浓缩至波美度为20°Be。
所述S5中颗粒物的形状选自圆柱体、三棱柱体、长方体和横截面不规则形体中的一种。
所述复合酶包括以下质量分数的原料：转谷氨酰胺酶55-80％、β-葡萄糖苷酶20-40％和阿魏酸酯酶25-30％。
选取400只体型均匀、生命力良好、品种相同，40日龄的肉鸭作为实验对象，随即分为4组，每组100只，公母各半，分别为实验组1、实验组2、实验组3和对照组，试验期间，实验组1食用实施例1的饲料，实验组2食用实施例2的饲料，实验组3食用实施例3的饲料，对照组采用普通市面购买的饲料，每日投料次数、投料时间等均相同，连续观察60天，计算平均日产蛋量，统计发病率，并随机抽查新鲜鸡蛋查看蛋黄指数，结果见表1。
表1：
| 实验组1 | 实验组2 | 实验组3 | 对照组 | |
| 平均日产量 | 56 | 57 | 55 | 50 |
| 产蛋率 | 93.34％ | 95％ | 91.67％ | 83.33％ |
| 蛋黄指数 | 8.24 | 8.45 | 8.13 | 5.17 |
| 发病率 | 0.45％ | 0.40％ | 0.50％ | 1.10％ |
由表1可以看出，经过本发明饲料喂养的蛋鸭的产蛋率高于91％，其比普通饲料喂养的蛋鸭的产蛋率提高10％以上；而且，蛋黄指数比普通饲料喂养的蛋鸭所产鸭蛋的蛋黄指数提高了0.5倍多，大大提高了鸭蛋的质量；此外，本发明饲料喂养的蛋鸭的发病率均低于0.5％，比普通饲料喂养的蛋鸭的发病率少1倍以上。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书所作的等效结构变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
Claims (9)
1.一种蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料的加工工艺，其特征在于：所述蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料由下述重量配比的原料组成：玉米650-670份、植物性蛋白饲料280-300份、次粉15-30份、米糠5-8份、玉米酒糟粕10-12份、鱼粉15-20份、中草药混合物10-12份、复合维生素5-8份、复合氨基酸7-8份、微量元素3-5份、复合酶1-2份和水10份；
所述蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料的加工工艺如下：
S1、将玉米粉碎，过8-10目筛后，和植物性蛋白饲料混匀得混合物一；
S2、将复合维生素逐级稀释后和次粉均匀加入上述混合物一，得混合物二；
S3、将鱼粉、米糠、玉米酒糟粕和复合酶均匀加入上述混合物二中得混合物三；
S4、将中草药混合物、复合氨基酸和微量元素逐级稀释后均匀加入到上述混合物三得混合物四；
S5、对步骤S4混合物进行浓缩、干燥、制粒，得直径或等效圆直径为2.5-4.5mm的颗粒物，即得蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料的加工工艺，其特征在于：所述植物性蛋白饲料包括豆粕和菜粕，比例为92-95：8-5。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料的加工工艺，其特征在于：所述中草药混合物的各组分用量为：女贞子10-20mg、甘草10-20mg、矮紫堇10-20mg、茵陈10-20mg和桂枝10-20mg。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料的加工工艺，其特征在于：所述复合维生素的各组分用量为：VB1 1.5-3mg、VB2 1.5-3mg、VB3 3-6mg、VB5 1.5-2-4mg、VB6 3-7mg、VB7 10-15mg、VB12 1.6-4mg、烟酰胺1.5-3mg和叶酸1.5-3mg。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料的加工工艺，其特征在于：所述微量元素的各组分用量为：铁150-250mg、锌2-5mg、铜2-5mg、镁4-7mg、钾5-8mg、碘0.5-1.5mg，铬0.3-0.6mg、锰50-60mg和硒0.2-0.5mg。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料的加工工艺，其特征在于：所述复合氨基酸按重量百分数计包括赖氨酸0.88-1.10％、蛋氨酸0.39-0.44％和苏氨酸0.64-0.81％。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料的加工工艺，其特征在于：所述S5中的浓缩工艺为浓缩至波美度为20°Be。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料的加工工艺，其特征在于：所述S5中颗粒物的形状选自圆柱体、三棱柱体、长方体和横截面不规则形体中的一种。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种蛋用型鸭颗粒饲料的加工工艺，其特征在于：所述复合酶包括以下质量分数的原料：转谷氨酰胺酶55-80％、β-葡萄糖苷酶20-40％和阿魏酸酯酶25-30％。
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