CN111769176A - Power generation device, voltage boosting method thereof and self-driven electronic equipment - Google Patents

Power generation device, voltage boosting method thereof and self-driven electronic equipment Download PDF

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CN111769176A
CN111769176A CN201910259266.0A CN201910259266A CN111769176A CN 111769176 A CN111769176 A CN 111769176A CN 201910259266 A CN201910259266 A CN 201910259266A CN 111769176 A CN111769176 A CN 111769176A
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electrode
electrodes
active layer
power generation
power generating
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杨亚
季云
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Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems
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Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
    • H10N30/01—Manufacture or treatment
    • H10N30/06—Forming electrodes or interconnections, e.g. leads or terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/02002—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations
    • H01L31/02005—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/02008—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells or solar cell modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0224—Electrodes
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    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/06—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/068—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the potential barriers being only of the PN homojunction type, e.g. bulk silicon PN homojunction solar cells or thin film polycrystalline silicon PN homojunction solar cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
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    • H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • H10N10/10—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects
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    • H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • H10N10/80—Constructional details
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    • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
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    • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
    • H10N30/30—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with mechanical input and electrical output, e.g. functioning as generators or sensors
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    • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
    • H10N30/80—Constructional details
    • H10N30/87—Electrodes or interconnections, e.g. leads or terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
    • H10N30/80—Constructional details
    • H10N30/87—Electrodes or interconnections, e.g. leads or terminals
    • H10N30/875—Further connection or lead arrangements, e.g. flexible wiring boards, terminal pins
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/547—Monocrystalline silicon PV cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

A power generation device, a voltage boosting method thereof and a self-driven electronic device are provided, wherein the method comprises the following steps: preparing an electric generating device active layer, wherein the electric generating device active layer is provided with two opposite surfaces, namely a first surface and a second surface; preparing at least two first electrodes on the first surface, wherein a space exists between any two adjacent first electrodes; preparing at least two second electrodes on the second surface, wherein a space is reserved between any two adjacent second electrodes, and each second electrode and each first electrode are oppositely arranged to form a pair of paired electrodes; and electrically connecting the paired electrodes in the following way: the first electrode in each pair of electrodes is connected with the second electrode in the adjacent pair of electrodes, and the first electrode or the second electrode in the first electrode and the second electrode at the tail end is vacant and used as the output end of the power generation device. The output voltage is obviously improved, and meanwhile, the preparation process is simple and the cost is low. The power generation device is used as a power supply device of the electronic device, and the formed self-driven electronic equipment has high integration level.

Description

Power generation device, voltage boosting method thereof and self-driven electronic equipment
Technical Field
The disclosure belongs to the technical field of energy conversion, and relates to a power generation device, a voltage boosting method thereof and self-driven electronic equipment.
Background
The rapid development of science and technology and industry improves the quality of life of people, but also brings about the troublesome problems of energy exhaustion, environmental pollution and the like. In order to meet the great demand of people for energy on the premise of sustainable development, more and more scientific researchers are dedicated to developing devices capable of converting clean and renewable energy into electric energy. Among the green energy sources, solar energy, mechanical energy and thermal energy are abundant and widely existed in the living environment of people, and show great potential for providing energy for human development.
Power generation devices based on ceramic materials such as barium titanate, zinc oxide and strontium titanate have received much attention for their ability to convert one or more of solar energy, mechanical energy and thermal energy into electrical energy. Increasing the output voltage of the ceramic power generation device and reducing the manufacturing cost are the efforts to widely apply the ceramic power generation device.
In the prior art, the output voltage of a single ceramic power generation device is improved by introducing a heterojunction structure into the single ceramic power generation device, controlling the thickness of a ceramic active layer, adjusting the band gap of a ceramic material by using a doping process, polarizing the ceramic by using a high-voltage electric field and the like. However, these methods have the problems of complicated process, little voltage boosting effect, no high cost effectiveness, and the like, and are not favorable for the wide application of the ceramic power generating device, so that it is necessary to provide a method which has a simple preparation process and can greatly improve the output voltage of a single ceramic power generating device, so as to promote the wide application of the ceramic power generating device.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The present disclosure provides a power generating device, a voltage boosting method thereof, and a self-driven electronic device to at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems.
(II) technical scheme
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a voltage boosting method of a power generating device, including: preparing an electric generating device active layer, wherein the electric generating device active layer is provided with two opposite surfaces, namely a first surface and a second surface; preparing at least two first electrodes on the first surface, wherein a space exists between any two adjacent first electrodes; preparing at least two second electrodes on the second surface, wherein a space is reserved between any two adjacent second electrodes, and each second electrode and each first electrode are oppositely arranged to form a pair of paired electrodes; and electrically connecting the paired electrodes in the following way: the first electrode in each pair of electrodes is connected with the second electrode in the adjacent pair of electrodes, and the first electrode or the second electrode in the first electrode and the second electrode at the tail end is vacant and used as the output end of the power generation device.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the power generating device is one of the following: a power generating device based on a ceramic active layer, a power generating device based on a semiconducting material or a power generating device based on a thermoelectric material.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the method of preparing at least two first electrodes on the first surface and at least two second electrodes on the second surface comprises one or more of the following methods: depositing an electrode material on the first surface or the second surface; etching the electrode material deposited on the first surface or the second surface into electrode patterns with specific positions, specific numbers, specific areas and specific intervals by adopting a laser etching technology; or photoetching by using a mask plate with pre-designed electrode positions, electrode areas and electrode intervals to obtain a mask with electrode patterns; and depositing an electrode material on the mask on which the electrode pattern is formed and removing the mask.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the shape of the power generation device active layer is one or more of the following shapes: circular, annular, oval, rectangular, polygonal, or other irregular shapes; and/or the areas of the first electrode and the second electrode in each pair of paired electrodes are the same; and/or the first electrode is a transparent electrode; and/or the power generating device active layer is a ferroelectric ceramic active layer.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first electrode is an ITO thin film; and/or the active layer of the power generation device is a bismuth ferrite ceramic chip.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a power generating device having a high output voltage, including: a power generating device active layer having two opposite surfaces, a first surface and a second surface, respectively; at least two first electrodes are arranged on the first surface, and a space exists between any two adjacent first electrodes; at least two second electrodes are arranged on the second surface, a gap exists between any two adjacent second electrodes, and each second electrode and each first electrode are oppositely arranged to form a pair of electrodes; the pair of electrodes are electrically connected as follows: the first electrode in each pair of electrodes is connected with the second electrode in the adjacent pair of electrodes, and the first electrode or the second electrode in the first electrode and the second electrode at the tail end is vacant and used as the output end of the power generation device.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the power generating device is a ceramic active layer based power generating device.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the shape of the power generation device active layer is one or more of the following shapes: circular, annular, oval, rectangular, polygonal, or other irregular shapes; and/or the areas of the first electrode and the second electrode in each pair of paired electrodes are the same; and/or the first electrode is a transparent electrode; and/or the power generation device active layer is a ferroelectric ceramic active layer;
preferably, the transparent electrode is an ITO thin film, Al-doped zno (azo), silver nanowire, or PEDOT: PSS (poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) -polystyrene sulfonic acid);
preferably, the ferroelectric ceramic active layer is a bismuth ferrite ceramic wafer, a barium titanate ceramic wafer, a lead zirconate titanate ceramic wafer, or a potassium niobate ceramic wafer.
According to yet another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a self-powered electronic device including any one of the power generating devices mentioned in the present disclosure.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the self-driven electronic device further comprises: and an electronic device electrically connected with the power generating device.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the electronic device comprises one or more of the following: electronic watches, thermometers, sensors, and implantable devices.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the self-powered electronic device is a self-powered electronic watch, wherein the electronic device is an electronic watch integrated with the power generating device; the center of the active layer of the power generation device is provided with a hole for the watch hand of the electronic watch to pass through, the output end of the power generation device is connected with the electronic watch to supply power to the electronic watch, and meanwhile, the active layer of the power generation device is used as the dial plate of the electronic watch.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the self-driven electronic device further comprises: and the built-in energy storage device is connected with the electronic device in parallel.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the built-in energy storage device is a capacitor, a battery, or an all solid-state lithium ion battery.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a switch is further disposed between the power generating device and the built-in energy storage device;
the switch is preferably a light operated switch.
(III) advantageous effects
According to the technical scheme, the power generation device, the voltage boosting method thereof and the self-driven electronic equipment have the following beneficial effects:
1. n electrodes are respectively and correspondingly prepared on the upper surface and the lower surface of the active layer of the power generation device, N is more than or equal to 2, gaps exist between the electrodes on the same surface to form N groups of opposite counter electrodes, and the adjacent counter electrodes of each group are electrically connected in a mode of connecting the upper surface electrodes and the lower surface electrodes, for example, the upper electrode of the first group of counter electrodes is connected with the lower electrode of the second group of counter electrodes, the upper electrode of the second group of counter electrodes is connected with the lower electrode of the third group of counter electrodes, and so on, the upper electrode or the lower electrode in the counter electrodes positioned at the head end and the tail end is left vacant to be used as the output end of the power generation device, the multiple groups of connected counter electrodes and the active layer of the power generation device positioned in the middle of the electrodes form an electrical output, the same active layer of the power generation device is commonly used, the effect of a plurality of serial or parallel devices, the cost is low;
2. preferably, the areas of the first electrode and the second electrode in each pair of paired electrodes are the same, so that the output voltage and the current of the power generation unit where each pair of paired electrodes is located are close to each other in value, and the electrical loss is reduced;
3. preferably, the ceramic power generation device active layer is a ferroelectric ceramic active layer, and the photovoltaic, pyroelectric and piezoelectric properties peculiar to ferroelectric ceramics are utilized to capture light energy, heat energy and mechanical energy simultaneously, so as to further improve the output voltage of a single ceramic power generation device.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a voltage boosting method for a power generating device according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure and electrical connection mode of a circular ceramic power generation device according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a rectangular ceramic power generation device according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure and electrical connection mode of an annular ceramic power generation device provided by a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5A and 5B are graphs showing the output voltage of the ring-shaped ceramic power generation device with 1-6 pairs of electrode sets according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure as a function of time and as a function of the number of electrode sets, respectively.
Fig. 6A and 6B are graphs showing the output voltage of the ring-shaped ceramic power generation device with 3 pairs of electrode groups and 0.7mm to 3.7mm electrode spacing according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure as a function of time and as a function of electrode spacing, respectively.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-driven electronic watch based on a ceramic power generation device according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 8A is a schematic structural diagram of a self-driven electronic watch provided with a built-in energy storage device and based on a ceramic power generation device according to a fourth embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 8B is a voltage curve of the self-driven electronic timepiece shown in fig. 8A under the illumination and stop illumination conditions.
Fig. 9A is a schematic structural diagram of an improved self-driven electronic watch based on a ceramic power generation device and provided with a built-in energy storage device according to a fourth embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 9B is a voltage curve of the self-driven electronic timepiece shown in fig. 9A under the light irradiation and stop light irradiation conditions.
[ notation ] to show
201-power generating device active layer; 202-a first electrode;
203-a second electrode; 204-electronics/electronic watch;
205-a first terminal; 206-a second terminal;
207-capacitance; 208-third terminal.
Detailed Description
The disclosure provides a power generation device, a voltage boosting method thereof and self-driven electronic equipment. N electrodes are respectively and correspondingly prepared on the upper surface and the lower surface of the active layer of the power generation device, N is more than or equal to 2, gaps exist between the electrodes on the same surface to form N groups of opposite counter electrodes, and the adjacent counter electrodes of each group are electrically connected in a mode of connecting the upper surface electrodes and the lower surface electrodes, for example, the upper electrode of the first group of counter electrodes is connected with the lower electrode of the second group of counter electrodes, the upper electrode of the second group of counter electrodes is connected with the lower electrode of the third group of counter electrodes, and so on, the upper electrode or the lower electrode in the counter electrodes positioned at the head end and the tail end is left vacant to be used as the output end of the power generation device, the multiple groups of connected counter electrodes and the active layer of the power generation device positioned in the middle of the electrodes form an electrical output, the same active layer of the power generation device is commonly used, the effect of a plurality of serial or parallel devices, the cost is low, and the self-driven electronic equipment formed by integrating the power generation device as an energy supply device of an electronic device has the advantages of high integration level and long self-driven running time.
For the purpose of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the present disclosure, reference is made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
First embodiment
In a first exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a voltage boosting method of a power generating device is provided. The voltage boosting method is provided for the ceramic device, and effectively solves the problems of complex manufacturing process and unobvious voltage boosting effect of the ceramic device, but the protection scope of the disclosure is not limited to the problems, and the voltage boosting method is also suitable for other power generation devices based on semiconductor materials or thermoelectric materials and the like.
The power generating device of the present disclosure may include, but is not limited to, one of the following power generating devices depending on the mechanism or material of the power generating active layer: a power generating device based on a ceramic active layer, a power generating device based on a semiconducting material or a power generating device based on a thermoelectric material.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the shape of the power generation device active layer is one or more of the following shapes: circular, annular, oval, rectangular, polygonal, or other irregular shapes; and/or the areas of the first electrode and the second electrode in each pair of paired electrodes are the same; and/or the first electrode is a transparent electrode; and/or the power generating device active layer is a ferroelectric ceramic active layer.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first electrode is an Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) thin film; and/or the active layer of the power generation device is a bismuth ferrite ceramic chip.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a voltage boosting method for a power generating device according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 1, a voltage boosting method of a power generating device of the present disclosure includes:
step S11: preparing an electric generating device active layer, wherein the electric generating device active layer is provided with two opposite surfaces, namely a first surface and a second surface;
in this embodiment, a power generation device active layer is taken as a ceramic active layer for example, and a corresponding power generation device is a ceramic power generation device, and the preparation method includes: the ceramic film is prepared as the ceramic active layer by magnetron sputtering, spin coating or evaporation. In other embodiments, the ceramic sheet may be prepared as a ceramic active layer by sintering, so that the preparation process can be further simplified.
Step S12: preparing at least two first electrodes on the first surface, wherein a space exists between any two adjacent first electrodes;
step S13: preparing at least two second electrodes on the second surface, wherein a space is reserved between any two adjacent second electrodes, and each second electrode and each first electrode are oppositely arranged to form a pair of paired electrodes;
in the above steps S12 and S13, the first electrode and the second electrode may be fabricated simultaneously in one processing process, or sequentially, the first electrode may be fabricated first, or the second electrode may be fabricated first.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the method of preparing at least two first electrodes on the first surface and at least two second electrodes on the second surface comprises one or more of the following methods: etching the electrode material deposited on the first surface or the second surface into electrode patterns with specific positions, specific numbers, specific areas and specific intervals by adopting a laser etching technology; or photoetching by using a mask plate with pre-designed electrode positions, electrode areas and electrode intervals to obtain a mask with electrode patterns; and depositing an electrode material on the mask on which the electrode pattern is formed and removing the mask.
The size of the electrode spacing d, and the positions, shapes and areas of the first electrode and the second electrode can be accurately controlled by using a laser cutting technology, so that higher output voltage is obtained.
It will be appreciated that it is also possible to first design masks for the first and second electrodes and then deposit the electrode material on the ceramic active layer.
It will be appreciated that the voltage boosting method can also be extended to power generation devices based on semiconductors or other materials such as thermoelectrics.
In specific implementation, preferably, the areas of the first electrode and the second electrode in each pair of paired electrodes are the same, so that the output voltage and the current of the power generation unit where each pair of paired electrodes is located are close in value, thereby reducing the electrical loss.
In particular implementations, the first electrode can be a transparent electrode.
Thus, when the ceramic active layer is a photovoltaic material, the photovoltaic effect can be utilized to convert light energy into electric energy.
In a specific implementation, the transparent electrode may be an ITO thin film.
In this way, the number of photons incident on the ceramic active layer having the photovoltaic effect can be increased.
It is understood that the transparent electrode can also be Al-doped zno (azo), silver nanowires, poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) -polystyrene sulfonic acid (PEDOT: PSS), and the like.
In particular implementations, the ceramic active layer 201 may be a ferroelectric ceramic active layer.
In this way, the photovoltaic, pyroelectric and piezoelectric properties peculiar to the ferroelectric ceramic can be utilized to capture light energy, thermal energy and mechanical energy separately or simultaneously, so as to further improve the output voltage of the single ceramic power generation device.
In particular, the ferroelectric ceramic active layer may be a bismuth ferrite ceramic sheet.
Therefore, the light energy in the visible light wave band can be absorbed by utilizing the smaller band gap of the bismuth ferrite so as to output electric energy.
It is understood that the ferroelectric ceramic active layer 201 can also be made of ferroelectric materials such as strontium titanate, lead zirconate titanate, barium titanate or potassium niobate.
Step S14: and electrically connecting the paired electrodes in the following way: the first electrode in each pair of electrodes is connected with the second electrode in the adjacent pair of electrodes, and the first electrode or the second electrode in the first electrode and the second electrode at the tail end is vacant and used as the output end of the power generation device.
In the present disclosure, each group of adjacent counter electrodes are electrically connected in a manner that upper and lower surface electrodes are connected, for example, an upper electrode of a first group of counter electrodes is connected to a lower electrode of a second group of counter electrodes, an upper electrode of a second group of counter electrodes is connected to a lower electrode of a third group of counter electrodes, and so on, leaving an upper electrode or a lower electrode of the counter electrodes located at the head and the tail ends to be vacant as an output end of the power generation device, and the multiple groups of connected counter electrodes and the power generation device active layer located in the middle of the electrodes form an electrical output integrally, so that the same device active layer is used in common, which is not simply equivalent to the effect of multiple series or parallel devices, and the output voltage is significantly improved. The connection mode can be seen in fig. 2.
The method for improving the voltage of the single ceramic power generation device has the advantages of simple process, low cost and obvious effect of improving the voltage.
Second embodiment
Based on the same concept, a second exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a power generating device, which will be described below by taking a circular ceramic power generating device in which the number of first electrodes and second electrodes is 2 as an example.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure and an electrical connection manner of a circular ceramic power generation device according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein (a) is a front-side plan view, (b) is a back-side plan view, and (c) is a schematic diagram of an electrical connection manner.
Referring to fig. 2, the power generating device of the present disclosure includes: a power generating device active layer having two opposite surfaces, a first surface and a second surface, respectively; at least two first electrodes are arranged on the first surface, and a space exists between any two adjacent first electrodes; at least two second electrodes are arranged on the second surface, a gap exists between any two adjacent second electrodes, and each second electrode and each first electrode are oppositely arranged to form a pair of electrodes; the pair of electrodes are electrically connected as follows: the first electrode in each pair of electrodes is connected with the second electrode in the adjacent pair of electrodes, and the first electrode or the second electrode in the first electrode and the second electrode at the tail end is vacant and used as the output end of the power generation device.
In this embodiment, the power generating device is a power generating device based on a ceramic active layer.
The shape of the power generation device active layer 201 is one or more of the following shapes: circular, annular, oval, rectangular, polygonal, or other irregular shapes; and/or the areas of the first electrode and the second electrode in each pair of paired electrodes are the same; and/or the first electrode 202 is a transparent electrode; and/or, the power generating device active layer 201 is a ferroelectric ceramic active layer;
preferably, the transparent electrode is an ITO thin film, Al-doped zno (azo), silver nanowire or PEDOT: PSS (poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) -polystyrene sulfonic acid);
preferably, the ferroelectric ceramic active layer is a bismuth ferrite ceramic sheet, a barium titanate ceramic sheet, a lead zirconate titanate ceramic sheet, or a potassium niobate ceramic sheet.
In this embodiment, the circular ceramic power generating device includes:
a ceramic active layer 201, the ceramic active layer 201 having two opposite surfaces, a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, an upper surface of the ceramic active layer 201 (not covered by the first electrode and the second electrode) exposed by the space shown in fig. 2 (a) and a lower surface of the ceramic active layer 201 exposed by the space shown in fig. 2 (b);
at least two first electrodes 202 are disposed on the first surface, and a space d exists between any two adjacent first electrodes, as shown in fig. 2 (a);
at least two second electrodes 203 are arranged on the second surface, a space is arranged between any two adjacent second electrodes 203, and each second electrode 203 is arranged opposite to each first electrode 202 to form a pair of paired electrodes, as shown in fig. 2 (b);
the pair of electrodes are electrically connected as follows: wherein the first electrode 202 of each pair of electrodes is connected to the second electrode 203 of the adjacent pair of electrodes, and the first electrode 202 or the second electrode 203 of the first and the last pair of electrodes is vacant and is used as the output terminal of the power generating device, as shown in fig. 2 (c).
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a rectangular ceramic power generation device according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
It is understood that in other embodiments, the shape of the ceramic active layer 201 is not limited to a circle, and the shape may also be designed to be a rectangle, as shown in fig. 3, the electrodes are illustrated as 6 groups in fig. 3, but not limited to the illustrated examples, and the counter electrodes of the present disclosure are at least two groups, and may be adaptively configured according to actual situations.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure and electrical connection mode of an annular ceramic power generation device provided by a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
It is understood that the shape of the ceramic active layer 201 can also be designed to be ring-shaped, as shown in fig. 4, which is illustrated in fig. 4 as 3 sets of paired electrodes forming a ring shape. The number and the spacing d of the first electrode 202 and the second electrode 203 can be designed according to the requirement of the voltage.
Fig. 5A and 5B are graphs showing the output voltage of the ring-shaped ceramic power generation device with 1-6 pairs of electrode sets according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure as a function of time and as a function of the number of electrode sets, respectively.
As can be seen from fig. 5A and 5B, as the number of sets of counter electrodes is gradually increased from 2 to 6, the output voltage of the ceramic power generation device is significantly increased compared to the case where electrodes are deposited only on the upper and lower surfaces (corresponding to the number of sets of 1).
Fig. 6A and 6B are graphs showing the output voltage of the ring-shaped ceramic power generation device with 3 pairs of electrode groups and 0.7mm to 3.7mm electrode spacing according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure as a function of time and as a function of electrode spacing, respectively.
As can be seen from fig. 6A and 6B, as the distance d increases, the output voltage of the corresponding ceramic power generating device also increases, and the maximum output voltage is obtained when the distance d is around 1.9 mm.
In a specific implementation, the first electrode 202 may be obtained by etching a first electrode material deposited on the first surface by a laser etching technique; the second electrode 203 may be formed by etching the second electrode material deposited on the second surface by a laser etching technique.
In particular implementations, the area of each first electrode 202 and each second electrode 203 may be the same.
In particular implementations, the first electrode 202 may be a transparent electrode.
In a specific implementation, the transparent electrode may be an ITO thin film.
In particular implementations, the ceramic active layer 201 may be a ceramic sheet.
In particular implementations, the ceramic active layer 201 may be a ferroelectric ceramic active layer.
In a specific implementation, the ferroelectric ceramic active layer may be a bismuth ferrite ceramic sheet.
The multiple groups of connected counter electrodes and the power generation device active layer positioned in the middle of the electrodes form an electrical output integrally, the same power generation device active layer is used, the effect of a plurality of series or parallel devices is not simply the same, the output voltage is obviously improved, and meanwhile, the preparation process is simple and the cost is low.
Third embodiment
Based on the same concept, a third exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a self-driven electronic device including any one of the power generating devices mentioned in the present disclosure.
In this embodiment, the self-driven electronic device includes: the ceramic power generating device of the second embodiment, and an electronic device electrically connected to the ceramic power generating device.
Therefore, the ceramic power generation device can be used for collecting external energy to directly drive the electronic device, so that the self-driving of the electronic device is realized, and the integration level of the electronic equipment structure is improved.
In a specific implementation, the self-powered electronic device may further include: a built-in energy storage device in parallel with the electronic device.
Therefore, the electric energy converted by the ceramic power generation device can be stored, and the continuous working time of the electronic device is prolonged.
In a specific implementation, the internal energy storage device may be an all-solid-state lithium ion battery.
It can be understood that the built-in energy storage device can also be an electric storage device such as a capacitor and a storage battery.
In a specific implementation, the self-powered electronic device may further include: and the switch is arranged between the ceramic power generation device and the built-in energy storage device.
In particular implementations, the switch may be a light-operated switch.
In particular implementations, the ceramic active layer may be a bismuth ferrite ceramic sheet.
In a specific implementation, the transparent electrode may be an ITO thin film, and the second electrode may be an electrode that can form an ohmic contact with the bismuth ferrite ceramic sheet.
In particular implementations, the electronic device may be an electronic watch.
It will be appreciated that the electronics may also be thermometers, sensors, implantable devices, etc.
After the power generation device is used as a power supply device of an electronic device and integrated, the formed self-driven electronic equipment has the advantages of high integration level and long running time.
The following description focuses on a fourth embodiment of a self-driven electronic timepiece as a detailed example of a self-driven electronic device.
Fourth embodiment
In a fourth exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a self-driven electronic timepiece is provided.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-driven electronic watch based on a ceramic power generation device according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 7, the self-driven electronic timepiece of the present embodiment includes: a ring-shaped ceramic power generating device, as shown in the second embodiment, and an electronic watch 204. The electronic device in the self-driven electronic timepiece is an electronic timepiece 204, and the electronic timepiece 204 is integrated with the power generating device (annular ceramic power generating device).
The center of the active layer of the power generation device is provided with a hole for the watch hand of the electronic watch to pass through, the output end of the power generation device is connected with the electronic watch to supply power to the electronic watch, and meanwhile, the active layer of the power generation device is used as the dial plate of the electronic watch.
As shown in fig. 7 (a) and (b), in the present embodiment, the electronic watch 204 includes a hand and a frame, a dial portion of which is served by the active layer of the power generating device, and power of which is provided by the power generating device, and the first surface can be the dial face of the electronic watch or the second surface can be the dial face of the electronic watch, and an output end of the power generating device is schematically shown as a first terminal 205, and an electrical connection end of the electron 204 is a second terminal 206, and the output end of the power generating device is connected to the electronic watch, so that the power of the electronic watch can be supplied by the power generating device.
In one example, an annular ceramic power generating device includes: a bismuth ferrite ceramic sheet 201, an ITO electrode (first electrode) 202, an Ag electrode (second electrode) 203, and a first terminal 205 electrically connected to the ITO electrode 202 and the Ag electrode 203. The center of the bismuth ferrite ceramic plate 201 is provided with a hole, so that a pointer of the electronic watch 204 can pass through the hole, thereby highly integrating the annular ceramic power generation device and the electronic watch 204. The ring-shaped ceramic power generation device and the electronic watch 204 are electrically connected with a second terminal 206 of the electronic watch 204 through a first terminal 205.
When light irradiates on the bismuth ferrite ceramic sheet 201, the bismuth ferrite ceramic sheet 201 has a photovoltaic effect, so that current and voltage can be output to drive the electronic watch 204 to work.
Since the bismuth ferrite ceramic chip 201 is not only a power supply device of the electronic watch 204, but also a dial of the electronic watch 204, the integration level of the self-driven electronic watch is improved to a great extent.
It can be understood that the bismuth ferrite ceramic sheet 201 can also be replaced by ceramic materials such as barium titanate, lead zirconate titanate, potassium niobate and the like, and the photovoltaic, pyroelectric or piezoelectric characteristics are utilized to collect light energy, heat energy or mechanical energy to output electric energy to supply power to the electronic watch 204.
Fig. 8A is a schematic structural diagram of a self-driven electronic watch provided with a built-in energy storage device and based on a ceramic power generation device according to a fourth embodiment of the disclosure. Fig. 8B is a voltage curve of the self-driven electronic timepiece shown in fig. 8A under the illumination and stop illumination conditions.
In specific implementation, the self-driven electronic watch may further include a capacitor 207, and the capacitor 207 is connected in parallel with the ring-shaped ceramic power generation device and the electronic watch 204 through a positive terminal and a negative terminal (third terminal) 208 thereof, as shown in fig. 8A.
Thus, when the light irradiation is stopped, the electronic timepiece 204 can still continue to operate by the electric energy stored in the capacitor 207.
It is understood that the capacitor 207 may be replaced by an all-solid-state lithium ion battery or other energy storage components.
To illustrate the practical applicability of the self-driven electronic timepiece, the voltage curve of the self-driven electronic timepiece under the illumination and stop illumination conditions was tested using the capacitor 307 having a capacity of 2200 μ F as an energy storage device, and as a result, as shown in fig. 8B, it was found from the result in the figure that the minimum operating voltage of the electronic timepiece 204 was 1.05V, and the capacitor 207 could continue to operate for 80 seconds or more while maintaining the operation of the electronic timepiece 204 when illumination was stopped.
Preferably, in practical implementation, a switch 209 may be further disposed between the annular ceramic power generation device and the capacitor 207. In one embodiment, the switch 209 may be a light-operated switch. In this way, the electrical connection between the ring-shaped ceramic power generating device and the capacitor 207 can be automatically controlled by turning on or off the light.
Fig. 9A is a schematic structural diagram of an improved self-driven electronic watch based on a ceramic power generation device and provided with a built-in energy storage device according to a fourth embodiment of the disclosure. Fig. 9B is a voltage curve of the self-driven electronic timepiece shown in fig. 9A under the light irradiation and stop light irradiation conditions.
In this example, the switch is an optical control switch, and the switch 209 controls the on/off of the electrical connection between the ring-shaped ceramic power generating device and the electronic watch 204 and the capacitor 207, as shown in fig. 9A, when light is irradiated, the switch 209 is in an on state, and at this time, the ring-shaped ceramic power generating device can supply power to the electronic watch 204 and also can charge the capacitor 207. When the light irradiation is stopped, the corresponding switch 209 is turned off, and at this time, the electrical connection between the ring-shaped ceramic power generating device and the electronic timepiece 204 and the capacitor 207 is disconnected, and the electronic timepiece 204 is continuously operated by supplying electric energy to the capacitor 207.
The advantage of incorporating the switch 209 is that when the light ceases, the interaction of the ring ceramic power generating device with the capacitor 207 is avoided, thereby prolonging the time during which the capacitor 207 continues to supply power to the electronic watch 204. As shown in FIG. 9B, in the modified solution, due to the addition of the switch, when the light irradiation is finished, the switch 209 is turned off, so that the continuous power supply time of the capacitor 207 for the electronic watch 204 can be prolonged to be more than 1130s, and the energy supply time of the built-in energy storage device for the electronic device is greatly prolonged.
In summary, the present disclosure provides a power generating device, a voltage boosting method thereof, and a self-driven electronic device, wherein N electrodes are correspondingly prepared on the upper and lower surfaces of an active layer of the power generating device, N is greater than or equal to 2, a gap exists between the electrodes on the same surface to form N sets of opposite counter electrodes, each set of adjacent counter electrodes are electrically connected in a manner of connecting the upper and lower surface electrodes, the multiple sets of connected counter electrodes and the active layer of the power generating device located in the middle of the electrodes form an electrical output integrally, the same active layer of the power generating device is used in common, which is not simply equivalent to the effect of multiple series or parallel devices, thereby significantly boosting the output voltage, and meanwhile, the preparation process is simple and the cost is low; the areas of the first electrode and the second electrode in each pair of paired electrodes are the same, so that the output voltage and current of the power generation unit where each pair of paired electrodes is located are close to each other in value, and the electrical loss is reduced; the ceramic power generation device active layer is a ferroelectric ceramic active layer, and can capture light energy, heat energy and mechanical energy simultaneously by utilizing the special photovoltaic, pyroelectric and piezoelectric properties of ferroelectric ceramics, so that the output voltage of a single ceramic power generation device is further improved.
It should be noted that directional terms, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like, mentioned in the embodiments are only directions referring to the drawings, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Throughout the drawings, like elements are represented by like or similar reference numerals. Conventional structures or constructions will be omitted when they may obscure the understanding of the present disclosure. The use of the term "and/or" is intended to include any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed components or structures.
And the shapes and sizes of the respective components in the drawings do not reflect actual sizes and proportions, but merely illustrate the contents of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Furthermore, in the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim.
The use of ordinal numbers such as "first," "second," "third," etc., in the specification and claims to modify a corresponding element does not by itself connote any ordinal number of the element or any ordering of one element from another or the order of manufacture, and the use of the ordinal numbers is only used to distinguish one element having a certain name from another element having a same name.
Furthermore, the word "comprising" or "comprises" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps other than those listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present disclosure in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (15)

1. A voltage boosting method for a power generating device, comprising:
preparing an electric generating device active layer, wherein the electric generating device active layer is provided with two opposite surfaces, namely a first surface and a second surface;
preparing at least two first electrodes on the first surface, wherein a space exists between any two adjacent first electrodes;
preparing at least two second electrodes on the second surface, wherein a space is reserved between any two adjacent second electrodes, and each second electrode is arranged opposite to each first electrode to form a pair of paired electrodes; and
electrically connecting each set of the counter electrodes by: the first electrode in each pair of electrodes is connected with the second electrode in the adjacent pair of electrodes, and the first electrode or the second electrode in the first electrode and the second electrode at the tail end is vacant and used as the output end of the power generation device.
2. The voltage boosting method according to claim 1, wherein the power generating device is one of the following power generating devices: a power generating device based on a ceramic active layer, a power generating device based on a semiconducting material or a power generating device based on a thermoelectric material.
3. The voltage boosting method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method for preparing at least two first electrodes on the first surface and at least two second electrodes on the second surface comprises one or more of the following methods:
depositing an electrode material on the first surface or the second surface;
etching the electrode material deposited on the first surface or the second surface into electrode patterns with specific positions, specific numbers, specific areas and specific intervals by adopting a laser etching technology; or
Carrying out photoetching by utilizing a mask plate with pre-designed electrode positions, electrode areas and electrode intervals to obtain a mask with electrode patterns; and
an electrode material is deposited on the mask on which the electrode pattern is formed and the mask is removed.
4. The voltage boosting method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the shape of the active layer of the power generation device is one or more of the following shapes: circular, annular, oval, rectangular, polygonal, or other irregular shapes; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the areas of the first electrode and the second electrode in each pair of paired electrodes are the same; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the first electrode is a transparent electrode; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the power generation device active layer is a ferroelectric ceramic active layer.
5. The voltage boosting method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
the first electrode is an ITO film, Al-doped ZnO, a silver nanowire or PEDOT: PSS; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the active layer of the power generation device is a bismuth ferrite ceramic chip.
6. A power generating device having a high output voltage, comprising:
a power generating device active layer having two opposite surfaces, a first surface and a second surface, respectively;
at least two first electrodes are arranged on the first surface, and a gap exists between any two adjacent first electrodes;
at least two second electrodes are arranged on the second surface, and each second electrode is arranged opposite to each first electrode to form a pair of paired electrodes;
each set of the counter electrodes is electrically connected by: the first electrode in each pair of electrodes is connected with the second electrode in the adjacent pair of electrodes, and the first electrode or the second electrode in the first electrode and the second electrode at the tail end is vacant and used as the output end of the power generation device.
7. Power generating device according to claim 6, characterized in that the power generating device is a power generating device based on a ceramic active layer.
8. Power generating device according to claim 6 or 7,
the shape of the active layer of the power generation device is one or more of the following shapes: circular, annular, oval, rectangular, polygonal, or other irregular shapes; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the areas of the first electrode and the second electrode in each pair of paired electrodes are the same; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the first electrode is a transparent electrode; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the ceramic active layer is a ferroelectric ceramic active layer;
preferably, the transparent electrode is an ITO film, Al-doped ZnO, a silver nanowire or PEDOT: PSS;
preferably, the ferroelectric ceramic active layer is a bismuth ferrite ceramic wafer, a barium titanate ceramic wafer, a lead zirconate titanate ceramic wafer, or a potassium niobate ceramic wafer.
9. Self-powered electronic equipment, characterized in that it comprises a power generating device according to any one of claims 6 to 8.
10. The self-powered electronic device of claim 9, further comprising:
an electronic device electrically connected to the power generating device.
11. Self-propelled electronic device according to claim 10, characterized in that the electronic device comprises one or several of the following: electronic watches, thermometers, sensors, and implantable devices.
12. The self-driven electronic device according to claim 10, wherein the self-driven electronic device is a self-driven electronic watch, wherein the electronic device is an electronic watch integrated with the power generating device;
the center of the active layer of the power generation device is provided with a hole for the watch hand of the electronic watch to pass through, the output end of the power generation device is connected with the electronic watch to supply power to the electronic watch, and meanwhile, the active layer of the power generation device is used as the dial plate of the electronic watch.
13. The self-driven electronic device according to any one of claims 10 to 12, further comprising: and the built-in energy storage device is connected with the electronic device in parallel.
14. Self-powered electronic device according to claim 13, characterized in that the built-in energy storage means is a capacitor, a battery or an all solid-state lithium ion battery.
15. The self-propelled electronic device according to claim 13 or 14, wherein a switch is further provided between said power generating means and said internal energy storage means;
the switch is preferably a light operated switch.
CN201910259266.0A 2019-04-01 2019-04-01 Power generation device, voltage boosting method thereof and self-driven electronic equipment Pending CN111769176A (en)

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US4773943A (en) * 1986-03-31 1988-09-27 Kyocera Corporation Photovoltaic device and a method of producing the same
JP2001284618A (en) * 2000-03-29 2001-10-12 Citizen Watch Co Ltd Solar cell, its manufacturing method and watch using the same
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