CN111766331B - Portable building material combustion performance testing device and testing method thereof - Google Patents
Portable building material combustion performance testing device and testing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111766331B CN111766331B CN202010657165.1A CN202010657165A CN111766331B CN 111766331 B CN111766331 B CN 111766331B CN 202010657165 A CN202010657165 A CN 202010657165A CN 111766331 B CN111766331 B CN 111766331B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a portable building material combustion performance testing device and a testing method thereof, wherein the device comprises a combustion performance testing cabinet, an air blower, an igniter, a combustion collecting tray and a weighing meter for weighing the combustion collecting tray before and after combustion, the air blower is arranged outside the combustion performance testing cabinet and is communicated with the combustion performance testing cabinet through a pipeline, the igniter, the combustion collecting tray and the weighing meter are all arranged in the combustion performance testing cabinet, the igniter is arranged corresponding to the combustion collecting tray, and the combustion collecting tray is positioned above the weighing meter. The test operation is simple and convenient, the test material range is wide, the universality is better, and the test cost is reduced; and the test performance indexes are more, the computer is used for comparing the collected data with a standard material experiment index database to judge whether the experiment sample is qualified or not, and the test is accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building material combustion performance testing, in particular to a portable building material combustion performance testing device and a testing method thereof.
Background
People work, study and live in buildings, and buildings with different functions play an important role in the daily life of human beings. Various building materials are in closest contact with human beings, especially, people have higher and higher pursuits on beautiful life in recent years, more and more attention is paid to the building environment of the people, and more building materials begin to rush to the market. The general good building material is firm and durable, high in safety, long in service life, not easy to deform and harmless to human bodies. But poor-quality materials not only have poor safety and short service life, but also have high later maintenance cost, and are easy to cause uneven surfaces, cracks, falling off, water seepage and pungent odor of buildings, thereby influencing the body health of residents. And many fires are caused by the burning of decorative materials, and some fire fires are caused by the burning of carpet and other floor paving materials through electrical aging lines or smoke heads; and because the suspended ceiling and the partition are made of wood products, the suspended ceiling and the partition can be quickly burnt through after being ignited, so that the quick, effective and safe evacuation of personnel is seriously influenced, even the expansion of fire is caused, the fire is difficult to extinguish in a short time, and huge casualties, property loss and severe social influence are brought.
The building material testing device disclosed by the prior art has a complex structure, has certain defects of inconvenient operation, complexity, inaccuracy and the like, limits the application range of the building material testing device, and brings much inconvenience for the nearby testing of the material; and the test index is single.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a portable building material combustion performance testing device and a testing method thereof, and the testing operation is simple, convenient, efficient and accurate.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a portable building material combustion performance testing arrangement, includes the combustion performance test cabinet, still includes air-blower, point burner, burning catch tray and is used for carrying out the meter of weighing around the burning catch tray burning, the air-blower is established and is linked together in the combustion performance test cabinet is outside through pipeline and combustion performance test cabinet, point burner, burning catch tray and meter of weighing all establish in the combustion performance test cabinet, and the point burner corresponds the setting of burning catch tray, and the burning catch tray is located the meter of weighing top.
Furthermore, the pipeline that the air blower and combustion performance test cabinet link to each other is the return circuit pipeline.
The pipeline that air-blower and combustion performance test cabinet link to each other is equipped with flowmeter and flow control valve, combustion performance test cabinet's inside is equipped with the oxygen sensor, the oxygen sensor is connected with the flow control valve electricity.
And an iron ruler for measuring the height of combustion reaction flame is arranged in the combustion performance test cabinet, and the zero position of the lower end of the iron ruler is parallel and level to the combustion collecting tray.
A carbon monoxide gas concentration detector and a thermometer are arranged in the combustion performance test cabinet; an exhaust valve is arranged on the combustion performance test cabinet; and a visible window is arranged on the cabinet body, a camera used for shooting burning flame is arranged on the cabinet body corresponding to the visible window, and the camera is positioned outside the cabinet body.
The combustion performance test cabinet is a side-opening-door sealed cabinet, rollers are arranged at the bottom of the combustion performance test cabinet, and handrails are arranged at the upper part of the combustion performance test cabinet.
The inner wall of the combustion performance test cabinet is provided with a vertical sliding rail, the igniter is arranged on the sliding rail, and a lifting driving motor is arranged above the top of the combustion performance test cabinet and connected with the igniter.
The weighing meter is arranged at the bottom of the combustion performance testing cabinet, a vertical stud is arranged at the bottom of the combustion performance testing cabinet, the combustion collecting tray is sleeved on the stud and is positioned by a nut, and the combustion collecting tray is positioned right above the weighing meter; or the weighing meter is arranged at the bottom of the combustion performance testing cabinet, the combustion collecting tray is directly fixed on the weighing meter through a stud, and the combustion collecting tray is positioned above the weighing meter.
The device also comprises a PC machine for recording and calculating test data, wherein the PC machine is positioned outside the combustion performance test cabinet and is electrically connected with the air blower, the flowmeter, the igniter, the weighing meter, the carbon monoxide gas concentration detector and the thermometer.
A test method using the portable building material combustion performance test device comprises the following steps:
before a test experiment begins, manufacturing a sample with the same standard specification for a tested building material, placing a movable cabinet on a flat and safe working plane, then opening an air blower, filling air into the side-opening-type sealed movable cabinet, monitoring the air flow during the experiment by using a flowmeter, adjusting the flow by using a flow adjusting valve and keeping the flow in a certain proper range, and connecting a multi-loop pipeline between the air blower and the movable cabinet to be beneficial to buffering the air flow so as to keep the air flow supply speed stable during the experiment;
checking whether the thermometer, the weightometer, the carbon monoxide gas concentration detector and the other gas concentration detectors work normally or not; the proper height of the igniter in the movable cabinet can be adjusted on a slide rail through a lead screw by utilizing a stepping motor, wherein the lead screw is in threaded connection with the igniter, after the adjustment is finished, a gap between the lead screw and the movable cabinet is closed by using an open-loop sealing ring, and the height of a combustion collecting disc can be synchronously performed through four claw nuts fixed on studs at the bottom of the movable cabinet; opening the cabinet door to place the sample on the combustion collecting tray, closing the cabinet door, igniting the sample through an igniter in the cabinet, and combusting the sample;
detecting the concentration of the carbon monoxide gas by a carbon monoxide gas concentration detector; the rest gas concentration detectors detect the concentrations of carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, chlorine dioxide and hydrogen chloride gases, the thermometer records initial temperature reading, the weighing meter arranged right below the combustion collecting tray records the weight of the sample before the combustion experiment and after the combustion experiment is finished, the PC records the system time when the combustion reaction starts and the system time when the combustion reaction is finished so as to calculate the combustion reaction time, the igniter ignites the sample to perform the combustion experiment until the sample is obviously deformed and discolored and the combustion reaction is not continued, the experiment is stopped, the color, the shape and the height of flame of the sample in the combustion experiment process are observed, and the graduated iron ruler records the flame tip height of the flame in the combustion reaction;
and collecting various data and comparing the data with a standard material experiment index database to judge whether the experiment sample is qualified.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the portable building material combustion performance testing device is reasonable and ingenious in structural design, simple and convenient in testing operation, wide in testing material range and good in universality, and testing cost is reduced; and the test performance indexes are more, the computer is used for comparing the collected data with a standard material experiment index database to judge whether the experiment sample is qualified or not, and the test is accurate.
Drawings
The contents of the description and the references in the drawings are briefly described as follows:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the exhaust valve of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a fixing structure of the combustion collecting tray of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the ignitor of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the testing process of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. the device comprises a loop pipeline, 2. a flow meter, 3. an explosion-proof fluorescent lamp, 4. a carbon monoxide gas concentration detector, 5. a stepping motor, 6. a slide rail, 7. an igniter, 8. a combustion collecting disc, 9. a fixing nut, 10. a limiting block, 11. a weighing meter, 12. other gas concentration detectors, 13. an exhaust valve structure, 13.1. an exhaust valve, 13.2. a sealing washer, 14. a fixing column, 14.1. a stud, 14.2. a claw nut, 15. a thermometer, 16. a PC (personal computer), 17. an iron ruler and 18. a blower.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the portable building material combustion performance testing device includes a combustion performance testing cabinet, a blower 18, a flow meter 2, an igniter 7, a combustion collecting tray 8, a carbon monoxide gas concentration detector 4, a thermometer 15, a weighing scale 11 for weighing before and after combustion of the combustion collecting tray, and a PC 16 for recording and calculating test data.
The combustion performance test cabinet is a side-opening-door sealed cabinet, rollers are arranged at the bottom of the combustion performance test cabinet, and handrails are arranged at the upper part of the combustion performance test cabinet; the convenient removal test is simple and convenient, and the test cabinet that opens the door is opened the door size greatly, is convenient for get and puts article around the burning, closes the side switch and seals the cabinet body, guarantees the gas test accuracy after the burning.
The device comprises a combustion performance testing cabinet, a blower, an igniter, a combustion collecting tray and a weigher, wherein the blower is arranged outside the combustion performance testing cabinet and communicated with the combustion performance testing cabinet through a pipeline; be equipped with flowmeter 2 and flow control valve on the pipeline that air-blower and combustion performance test cabinet link to each other, the inside of combustion performance test cabinet is equipped with oxygen sensor, and flow control valve and oxygen sensor electricity are connected, but automatic control get into the interior oxygen flow of cabinet, guarantee abundant burning.
And a carbon monoxide gas concentration detector, a thermometer and a rest gas concentration detector 12 are arranged in the combustion performance test cabinet, and the rest gas concentration detector can detect the concentrations of carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, chlorine dioxide and hydrogen chloride. And an exhaust valve 13.1 is arranged on the combustion performance test cabinet.
The pipeline that air-blower and combustion performance test cabinet link to each other is return circuit pipeline 1, and the return circuit pipeline is the multiloop pipeline, and the multiloop pipeline is favorable to buffering the air current, makes the air current supply velocity remain stable during the experiment, can not influence sample burning flame.
Be equipped with in the combustion performance test cabinet and be used for measuring the iron ruler of combustion reaction flame height, the lower extreme zero-bit of iron ruler sets up with burning catch tray mutually in parallel to top is equipped with explosion-proof fluorescent lamp 3 in the combustion performance test cabinet, measures the flame height that the sample burns through the iron ruler. And be equipped with visual window on the cabinet body, be equipped with the camera that is used for shooing burning flame on the cabinet body corresponding to visual window, the camera is located the outside of the cabinet body, and the flame colour of shooing is compared with database.
The inner wall of the combustion performance test cabinet is provided with a vertical slide rail 6, the igniter 7 is arranged on the slide rail, a lifting driving motor is arranged above the top of the combustion performance test cabinet and is a stepping motor 5, and the lifting driving motor is connected with the igniter and can adjust the position of the igniter according to combustion articles. The sample is ignited through the igniter, and the position of the igniter can be adjusted, so that the ignition of the samples with different specifications is met.
The weighing meter is arranged at the bottom of the combustion performance testing cabinet, the vertical fixing 14 is arranged at the bottom of the combustion performance testing cabinet, the combustion collecting tray is sleeved on the fixing column and is positioned by the fixing nut 9, the combustion collecting tray is positioned right above the weighing meter, the nut is rotated after combustion to drop the combustion collecting tray onto the weighing meter for weighing, and the combustion collecting tray is not related to the weighing meter during combustion, so that the combustion collecting tray is stable and reliable;
or the weighing meter is arranged at the bottom of the combustion performance testing cabinet, the combustion collecting tray is directly fixed on the weighing meter through the fixed column, and the combustion collecting tray is positioned above the weighing meter, so that the combustion collecting tray can be directly used for weighing, and the weighing is simple and convenient.
The PC is positioned outside the combustion performance test cabinet and is electrically connected with the air blower, the flow meter, the igniter, the weighing meter, the carbon monoxide gas concentration detector and the thermometer. The PC machine records the system time when the combustion reaction starts and the system time when the combustion reaction finishes to calculate the combustion reaction time, the igniter ignites the sample to carry out the combustion experiment until the sample is obviously deformed and discolored and the combustion reaction is not continued, the experiment is stopped, the color, the shape and the height of the flame of the sample in the combustion experiment process are observed, and the graduated iron scale records the flame tip height of the flame in the combustion reaction. And collecting various data and comparing the data with a standard material experiment index database to judge whether the experiment sample is qualified or not.
The invention has simple and convenient test operation, wide test material range and better universality, and reduces the test cost; and the test performance indexes are more, the computer is used for comparing the collected data with a standard material experiment index database to judge whether the experiment sample is qualified or not, and the test is accurate.
Preferred specific examples are:
the portable building material combustion performance testing device comprises a blower 18, a PC (personal computer) 16 and a side-opening type sealed movable cabinet, wherein a glass window is arranged on a side opening door which is a glass door or a door, the blower is connected with an igniter which is used for carrying out combustion performance testing on building materials through a multi-loop pipeline 1, a combustion collecting disc which is arranged below the igniter and used for carrying out data collection and an exhaust valve structure 13 which is used for exhausting.
The method comprises the steps of detecting the content of gas components generated by combustion of a detected object and other combustion performance indexes, comparing the content with a standard reference object combustion reaction index to check whether the detected object is qualified, and before a test experiment, establishing a standard combustion material experiment index database for a building material, namely, before the test experiment is carried out on the tested building material, carrying out combustion index data acquisition on a standard sample of the tested building material, and integrating the standard sample into a standard database; the building material samples tested were then tested under the same experimental conditions.
A stepping motor 5 is arranged on the movable cabinet, a vertical slide rail is arranged in the movable test cabinet, the igniter is arranged on the slide rail in a sliding manner, a lead screw between the igniter 7 and the stepping motor 5 is connected, and a limiting block 10 for limiting the igniter is arranged at the bottom of the corresponding lead screw; the motor and the igniter are driven by a screw rod mechanism; wherein the screw rod is in threaded connection with the igniter; sealing the position between the lead screw connected with the igniter and the movable cabinet through an open-loop sealing ring; the device can be detached after the experiment is finished, so that the position of the igniter can be adjusted when the experiment is carried out next time.
The movable cabinet is arranged at the air vent and is provided with a flowmeter 2, and a top plate of the movable cabinet is provided with a 30W explosion-proof fluorescent lamp. Four universal wheels are symmetrically distributed at the bottom of the movable cabinet, and handrails are arranged on the side surfaces of the movable cabinet.
The combustion collecting tray device comprises a carbon monoxide gas concentration detector 4 and a thermometer 15 which are arranged on the middle upper part of the moving cabinet, other gas concentration detectors 12 and a weighing meter 11 which are arranged on the bottom of the moving cabinet, a combustion collecting tray 8 which is fixed on the bottom of the moving cabinet through a stud 14.1 and a claw nut 14.2, and an iron ruler 17 which is arranged in parallel with the combustion collecting tray 8.
The exhaust valve structure 13 comprises an exhaust valve 13.1 matched with the movable cabinet and a sealing gasket 13.2 matched with the exhaust valve 13.1.
The principle of the invention is as follows: 1. combustion test experiment of standard specimens: in the testing device, the standard testing material is used as a sample, and the main performance indexes of the testing device through a combustion experiment comprise: temperature rise in the furnace, mass loss rate, combustion time, flame tip height and concentration of combustion generated gas;
establishing a standard index database: the method comprises the steps of collecting combustion reaction index data of a standard sample by a sensor, establishing a standard material combustion performance database, wherein a test standard material is a common material as shown in table 1 and can be increased or decreased as required, each material can be obtained through combustion tests of a large number of standard materials, such as a flame-retardant plywood, a gypsum plasterboard, a flame-retardant wool carpet and a PVC coiled material floor, each material has a combustion test index size of A grade, B1 grade, B2 grade and B3 grade, namely the standard building material combustion reaction index database provides scientific basis for judging whether the building material is qualified or not through field spot inspection tests, and rapid index data comparison can be realized.
TABLE 1
Field material test comparison: selecting a field material test and then carrying out a combustion test experiment in a test device, comparing the combustion reaction performance index with a standard index database, and if the data of the field material test and the standard index database are in a reasonable interval, indicating that the field material is a standard material, otherwise, indicating that the field material is not the standard material.
The method for testing by using the device comprises the following steps:
before a test experiment begins, manufacturing a sample with the same standard specification for a tested building material, placing a movable cabinet on a flat and safe working plane, then opening an air blower, filling air into the side-opening-type sealed movable cabinet, monitoring the air flow during the experiment by using a flowmeter, adjusting the flow by using a flow adjusting valve and keeping the flow in a certain proper range, and connecting a multi-loop pipeline between the air blower and the movable cabinet to be beneficial to buffering the air flow so as to keep the air flow supply speed stable during the experiment; the lighting adopts a 30W explosion-proof fluorescent lamp on the top plate, the mobile cabinet is electrified, a PC system is debugged, and whether the thermometer, the weightometer, the carbon monoxide gas concentration detector and the other gas concentration detectors work normally or not is checked; the proper height of the igniter in the movable cabinet can be adjusted on the slide rail through a lead screw by utilizing a stepping motor, wherein the lead screw is in threaded connection with the igniter, after the adjustment is finished, an open-loop sealing ring is used for sealing a gap between the lead screw and the movable cabinet, and the height of a combustion collecting disc can be synchronously carried out through four claw nuts fixed on studs at the bottom of the movable cabinet; opening the cabinet door to place the sample on the combustion collecting tray, closing the cabinet door, igniting the sample through an igniter in the cabinet, and combusting the sample; the carbon monoxide gas concentration detector can detect the carbon monoxide gas concentration; the rest gas concentration detectors can detect the concentrations of carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, chlorine dioxide and hydrogen chloride gases, the thermometer records initial temperature reading, the weighing meter arranged right below the combustion collecting tray records the weight of the sample before the combustion experiment and the weight of the sample after the combustion experiment, the PC records the system time when the combustion reaction starts and the system time when the combustion reaction ends so as to calculate the combustion reaction time, the igniter ignites the sample to perform the combustion experiment, the experiment is stopped until the sample is obviously deformed and discolored and does not continue the combustion reaction any more, the color, the shape and the height of flame of the sample in the combustion experiment process are observed, and the graduated iron ruler records the flame tip height of the flame during the combustion reaction. And collecting various data and comparing the data with a standard material experiment index database to judge whether the experiment sample is qualified.
The above-mentioned features are merely for describing preferred embodiments of the present invention and may be arbitrarily combined to form a plurality of embodiments of the present invention.
The invention is described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is obvious that the specific implementation of the invention is not limited by the above-mentioned manner, and it is within the scope of the invention to adopt various insubstantial modifications of the inventive concept and solution, or to apply the inventive concept and solution directly to other applications without modification.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a portable building material combustion performance testing arrangement, includes combustion performance test cabinet, its characterized in that: the device comprises a combustion performance testing cabinet, a combustion collecting tray, a blower, an igniter, a combustion collecting tray and a weigher, wherein the igniter is used for igniting a material sample placed in the combustion performance testing cabinet, the combustion collecting tray and the weigher are used for weighing the combustion collecting tray before and after combustion;
the pipeline connecting the blower and the combustion performance test cabinet is a loop pipeline; a flow meter and a flow regulating valve are arranged on a pipeline connecting the air blower and the combustion performance test cabinet, an oxygen sensor is arranged inside the combustion performance test cabinet, and the oxygen sensor is electrically connected with the flow regulating valve;
an iron ruler for measuring the height of combustion reaction flame is arranged in the combustion performance test cabinet, the zero position of the lower end of the iron ruler is flush with the combustion collecting disc, and a cabinet door of the test cabinet is a glass door or a glass window is arranged on the cabinet door;
the inner wall of the combustion performance test cabinet is provided with a vertical sliding rail, the igniter is arranged on the sliding rail, and a lifting driving motor is arranged above the top of the combustion performance test cabinet and connected with the igniter.
2. The portable building material combustion performance testing device of claim 1, wherein: a carbon monoxide gas concentration detector and a thermometer are arranged in the combustion performance test cabinet; an exhaust valve is arranged on the combustion performance test cabinet; and a visible window is arranged on the cabinet body, a camera used for shooting burning flame is arranged on the cabinet body corresponding to the visible window, and the camera is positioned outside the cabinet body.
3. The portable building material combustion performance testing device of claim 1, wherein: the combustion performance test cabinet is a side-opening sealed cabinet, rollers are arranged at the bottom of the combustion performance test cabinet, and handrails are arranged at the upper part of the combustion performance test cabinet.
4. The portable building material combustion performance testing device of claim 1, wherein: the weighing meter is arranged at the bottom of the combustion performance testing cabinet, a vertical stud is arranged at the bottom of the combustion performance testing cabinet, the combustion collecting tray is sleeved on the stud and is positioned by a nut, and the combustion collecting tray is positioned right above the weighing meter; or the weighing meter is arranged at the bottom of the combustion performance testing cabinet, the combustion collecting tray is directly fixed on the weighing meter through a stud, and the combustion collecting tray is positioned above the weighing meter.
5. The portable building material combustion performance testing device of claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a PC machine for recording and calculating test data, wherein the PC machine is positioned outside the combustion performance test cabinet and is electrically connected with the air blower, the flowmeter, the igniter, the weighing meter, the carbon monoxide gas concentration detector and the thermometer.
6. A test method using the portable construction material combustion performance test apparatus according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the test method comprises the following steps:
before a test experiment begins, manufacturing a sample with the same standard specification for a tested building material, placing a movable cabinet on a flat and safe working plane, then opening an air blower, filling air into the side-opening-type sealed movable cabinet, monitoring the air flow during the experiment by using a flowmeter, adjusting the flow by using a flow adjusting valve and keeping the flow in a certain proper range, and connecting a multi-loop pipeline between the air blower and the movable cabinet to be beneficial to buffering the air flow so as to keep the air flow supply speed stable during the experiment;
checking whether the thermometer, the weightometer, the carbon monoxide gas concentration detector and the other gas concentration detectors work normally or not; the proper height of the igniter in the movable cabinet can be adjusted on the slide rail through a lead screw by utilizing a stepping motor, wherein the lead screw is in threaded connection with the igniter, after the adjustment is finished, an open-loop sealing ring is used for sealing a gap between the lead screw and the movable cabinet, and the height of a combustion collecting disc can be synchronously carried out through four claw nuts fixed on studs at the bottom of the movable cabinet; opening the cabinet door to place the sample on the combustion collecting tray, closing the cabinet door, igniting the sample through an igniter in the cabinet, and combusting the sample;
detecting the concentration of the carbon monoxide gas by a carbon monoxide gas concentration detector; the rest gas concentration detectors detect the concentrations of carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, chlorine dioxide and hydrogen chloride gases, the thermometer records initial temperature reading, the weighing meter arranged right below the combustion collecting tray records the weight of the sample before the combustion experiment and after the combustion experiment is finished, the PC records the system time when the combustion reaction starts and the system time when the combustion reaction is finished so as to calculate the combustion reaction time, the igniter ignites the sample to perform the combustion experiment until the sample is obviously deformed and discolored and the combustion reaction is not continued, the experiment is stopped, the color, the shape and the height of flame of the sample in the combustion experiment process are observed, and the graduated iron ruler records the flame tip height of the flame in the combustion reaction;
and collecting various data and comparing the data with a standard material experiment index database to judge whether the experiment sample is qualified or not.
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| CN113219124B (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2022-05-31 | 山东中坚工程质量检测有限公司 | Method for detecting flame-retardant and anti-spreading performance of building main body |
| CN114636784B (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2023-09-01 | 安徽工程大学 | Method and equipment for testing and evaluating combustion performance of down feather |
| CN114996802A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-09-02 | 北京市建筑设计研究院有限公司 | Building combustion performance determination method and device and electronic equipment |
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