CN111766298A - Novel anchor rod nondestructive testing method - Google Patents
Novel anchor rod nondestructive testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111766298A CN111766298A CN202010621840.5A CN202010621840A CN111766298A CN 111766298 A CN111766298 A CN 111766298A CN 202010621840 A CN202010621840 A CN 202010621840A CN 111766298 A CN111766298 A CN 111766298A
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- anchor rod
- length
- wave data
- testing method
- stress wave
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012372 quality testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/045—Analysing solids by imparting shocks to the workpiece and detecting the vibrations or the acoustic waves caused by the shocks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/048—Marking the faulty objects
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
- G01N2291/044—Internal reflections (echoes), e.g. on walls or defects
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel nondestructive testing method for an anchor rod, which comprises the following steps: step 1: an acceleration sensor is arranged at the top end of the anchor rod and used for acquiring data of initial shock waves and reflected waves; step 2: acquiring anchor rod stress wave data from an acceleration sensor; and step 3: performing analog-to-digital conversion on the anchor rod stress wave data, and then performing wavelet transformation to remove noise; and 4, step 4: carrying out signal processing on the anchor rod stress wave data after the noise is removed to obtain the anchor rod length and the mortar saturation during anchor rod anchoring detection; and 5: forming an anchor rod measuring diagram by utilizing the anchor rod length and the mortar saturation during anchor rod anchoring detection; step 6: and (5) manually checking the anchor rod measurement diagram, and judging whether defect points exist during anchor rod anchoring. The invention has the advantages of high accuracy and convenient detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of anchor rod anchoring detection, and particularly relates to a novel anchor rod nondestructive detection method.
Technical Field
The anchor rod anchoring system is used as an important protection means in the stability of the surrounding rock structure and is widely applied to the building engineering. Bolt anchoring system quality testing is therefore a crucial issue. Because the accuracy of data obtained by static load detection is low, the traditional static load detection method is difficult to meet the requirement of large-area detection of the anchor rod.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a novel anchor rod nondestructive testing method which is high in accuracy and convenient to test.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention designs a novel anchor rod nondestructive testing method, which is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
step 1: an acceleration sensor is arranged at the top end of the anchor rod, the top end of the anchor rod is knocked, vibration caused by knocking can be transversely transmitted along the anchor rod, a medium density change interface transmitted into the anchor rod can generate reflected waves, and the acceleration sensor collects data of initial vibration waves and the reflected waves;
step 2: acquiring anchor rod stress wave data from an acceleration sensor, wherein the anchor rod stress wave data comprises initial vibration wave data and reflected wave data;
and step 3: performing analog-to-digital conversion on the anchor rod stress wave data, and then performing wavelet transformation to remove noise;
and 4, step 4: carrying out signal processing on the anchor rod stress wave data after the noise is removed to obtain the anchor rod length and the mortar saturation during anchor rod anchoring detection;
and 5: forming an anchor rod measuring diagram by utilizing the anchor rod length and the mortar saturation during anchor rod anchoring detection;
step 6: and (5) manually checking the anchor rod measurement diagram, and judging whether defect points exist during anchor rod anchoring.
According to the invention, various frequency components of the anchor rod signal are decomposed to different frequency bands through wavelet transformation, so that the accuracy and stability of the anchor rod detection signal can be improved, and a good noise elimination effect is achieved. The requirement of large-area detection of the anchor rod can be met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and examples:
the novel nondestructive testing method for the anchor rod shown in fig. 1 is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
step 1: an acceleration sensor is arranged at the top end of the anchor rod, the top end of the anchor rod is knocked, vibration caused by knocking can be transversely transmitted along the anchor rod, a medium density change interface transmitted into the anchor rod can generate reflected waves, and the acceleration sensor collects data of initial vibration waves and the reflected waves;
step 2: acquiring anchor rod stress wave data from an acceleration sensor, wherein the anchor rod stress wave data comprises initial vibration wave data and reflected wave data;
and step 3: performing analog-to-digital conversion on the anchor rod stress wave data, and then performing wavelet transformation to remove noise;
and 4, step 4: performing signal processing on anchor rod stress wave data after noise removal (knocking the top of the anchor rod can generate a stress wave in the middle of the anchor rod, then the stress wave is transmitted to the defect of the anchor rod or the bottom of the anchor rod can generate a reflected wave, and the time and the wave speed of the reflected wave reflected to the top of the anchor rod can obtain the length and the defect information of the anchor rod), so as to obtain the anchor rod length and the mortar saturation during anchor rod anchoring detection;
and 5: forming an anchor rod measuring diagram by utilizing the anchor rod length and the mortar saturation during anchor rod anchoring detection;
step 6: and (5) manually checking the anchor rod measurement diagram, and judging whether defect points exist during anchor rod anchoring.
In the technical scheme, the anchor rod measurement diagram is used for showing the mortar saturation of each length of the anchor rod.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, carry out manual inspection to the stock measurement diagram, inspect the mortar saturation on each length of stock, when there is the mortar saturation on certain length of stock not in predetermined standard mortar saturation scope, then there is stock anchor defect point in the position that this stock length corresponds.
In the technical scheme, in the step 4, the length of the anchor rod is obtained by calculating the time and the wave speed of the reflected wave. In the step 4, according to the reflected wave at the middle defect of the anchor rod, calculating the defect length and combining the anchor rod length to obtain the mortar saturation (the defect length is divided by the anchor rod length).
The stress wave sampling frequency is a preset frequency, the sampling frequency is changed according to the field data acquisition condition, if the data is not obvious to the defect position display, the sampling frequency is increased, but if the frequency is increased, the resolution of the whole data is reduced, and a sampling rate which gives consideration to both the resolution and the high definition is determined according to the field condition to obtain a better detection result.
In step 3 of the above technical scheme, the calculation mode of performing wavelet transformation on the anchor rod stress wave data is as follows:
s(i)＝f(i)+σ·e(i)，i＝0，......，n-1
wherein f (i) is a real signal, namely a result after wavelet transformation, e (i) is noise (the real signal plus the noise constitutes an actual signal, namely a stress wave signal, ideally, the noise conforms to gaussian distribution, so that the noise is gaussian white noise N (0, 1), the noise level is 1), s (i) is anchor stress wave data, σ describes the dispersion degree of normally distributed data distribution, the larger the σ is, the more dispersed the data distribution is, the smaller the σ is, the more concentrated the data distribution is, i is 0, 1.
The useful signal is usually represented as a low frequency signal and the noise is represented as a high frequency, so the noise cancellation process can be handled as follows. The method comprises the steps of performing wavelet boundary on an actual signal, selecting a wavelet and determining a decomposition level to be N (if cubic decomposition is performed), wherein a noise part is contained in high frequency, processing a high-frequency coefficient of the wavelet decomposition, and performing wavelet reconstruction according to an N-th layer low-frequency coefficient of the wavelet decomposition and a quantized 1-N layer high-frequency coefficient to achieve the purpose of eliminating noise, namely, suppressing the noise of the signal and recovering the actual signal in the actual signal.
Details not described in this specification are within the skill of the art that are well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. A novel anchor rod nondestructive testing method is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
step 1: an acceleration sensor is arranged at the top end of the anchor rod, the top end of the anchor rod is knocked, vibration caused by knocking can be transversely transmitted along the anchor rod, a medium density change interface transmitted into the anchor rod can generate reflected waves, and the acceleration sensor collects data of initial vibration waves and the reflected waves;
step 2: acquiring anchor rod stress wave data from an acceleration sensor, wherein the anchor rod stress wave data comprises initial vibration wave data and reflected wave data;
and step 3: performing analog-to-digital conversion on the anchor rod stress wave data, and then performing wavelet transformation to remove noise;
and 4, step 4: carrying out signal processing on the anchor rod stress wave data after the noise is removed to obtain the anchor rod length and the mortar saturation during anchor rod anchoring detection;
and 5: forming an anchor rod measuring diagram by utilizing the anchor rod length and the mortar saturation during anchor rod anchoring detection;
step 6: and (5) manually checking the anchor rod measurement diagram, and judging whether defect points exist during anchor rod anchoring.
2. The novel nondestructive testing method for the anchor rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: the anchor rod measurement diagram is used for showing mortar saturation of each length of the anchor rod.
3. The novel nondestructive testing method for the anchor rod according to claim 2, characterized in that: and manually checking the anchor rod measurement diagram, checking the mortar saturation of each length of the anchor rod, and when the mortar saturation of a certain length of the anchor rod is not within the preset standard mortar saturation range, determining that anchor rod anchoring defect points exist at the position corresponding to the length of the anchor rod.
4. The novel nondestructive testing method for the anchor rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 4, calculating and acquiring the length of the anchor rod through reflected wave time and wave speed.
5. The novel nondestructive testing method for the anchor rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 4, calculating the defect length according to the reflected wave at the middle defect of the anchor rod, and combining the anchor rod length to obtain the mortar saturation.
6. The novel nondestructive testing method for the anchor rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 3, the calculation mode of performing wavelet transformation on the anchor rod stress wave data is as follows:
s(i)＝f(i)+σ·e(i)，i＝0，......，n-1
wherein, f (i) is a real signal, namely a result after wavelet transformation, s (i) is anchor stress wave data, e (i) is gaussian white noise, sigma describes the dispersion degree of normal distribution data distribution, and i is 0,1, …, and n-1 represents a decomposition level of the wavelet transformation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010621840.5A CN111766298A (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | Novel anchor rod nondestructive testing method |
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| CN202010621840.5A CN111766298A (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | Novel anchor rod nondestructive testing method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112710488A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-27 | 重庆川仪自动化股份有限公司 | Stress wave signal acquisition and analysis method for mechanical power equipment |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4231161A1 (en) * | 1992-09-17 | 1994-03-24 | Hilti Ag | Mortar and device for fixing anchoring means in boreholes |
| CN1793898A (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2006-06-28 | 重庆大学 | Non destructive detection mothod used for anchor rod anchored system |
| CN104849003A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-08-19 | 淄博矿业集团有限责任公司许厂煤矿 | Electromagnetic excitation device and method for detecting anchoring state of mining anchor rod |
| CN106437803A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-02-22 | 大连理工大学 | Anchor rod and anchor rod stressing tester |
| CN106855539A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-06-16 | 桂林电子科技大学 | A kind of anchor rod nondestructive testing method and equipment based on stress wave |
-
2020
- 2020-06-30 CN CN202010621840.5A patent/CN111766298A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4231161A1 (en) * | 1992-09-17 | 1994-03-24 | Hilti Ag | Mortar and device for fixing anchoring means in boreholes |
| CN1793898A (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2006-06-28 | 重庆大学 | Non destructive detection mothod used for anchor rod anchored system |
| CN104849003A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-08-19 | 淄博矿业集团有限责任公司许厂煤矿 | Electromagnetic excitation device and method for detecting anchoring state of mining anchor rod |
| CN106437803A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-02-22 | 大连理工大学 | Anchor rod and anchor rod stressing tester |
| CN106855539A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-06-16 | 桂林电子科技大学 | A kind of anchor rod nondestructive testing method and equipment based on stress wave |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 崔琳等: "锚杆锚固质量检测技术研究与应用", 《2010年全国水利水电物探学术年会论文集》 * |
| 杨健辉等: "基于小波分析的砂浆锚杆锚固质量缺陷评价", 《工业建筑》 * |
| 王中明: "信号与系统", 武汉大学出版社 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112710488A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-27 | 重庆川仪自动化股份有限公司 | Stress wave signal acquisition and analysis method for mechanical power equipment |
| CN112710488B (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2023-01-20 | 重庆川仪自动化股份有限公司 | Stress wave signal acquisition and analysis method for mechanical power equipment |
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Application publication date: 20201013 |
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