CN111766092A - Virus droplet aerosol infection interactive simulation experiment system - Google Patents
Virus droplet aerosol infection interactive simulation experiment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111766092A CN111766092A CN202010662660.1A CN202010662660A CN111766092A CN 111766092 A CN111766092 A CN 111766092A CN 202010662660 A CN202010662660 A CN 202010662660A CN 111766092 A CN111766092 A CN 111766092A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/008—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass by doing functionality tests
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N2015/084—Testing filters
Abstract
The invention discloses a virus droplet aerosol infection interactive simulation experiment system, and relates to the technical field of virus protection. The experimental system comprises a virus infected person simulation model and a healthy individual simulation model; the virus infector simulation model comprises a first simulation human head model wearing a first mask, a first simulation human respirator, a construction device of a virus droplet aerosol environment and a first particle counter; the healthy individual simulation model comprises a second simulated head model with a second mask, a second simulated breathing apparatus and a second particle counter. The invention can realize the real simulation of the infected condition of a plurality of healthy individuals positioned at different distances and different directions of an infected person, and the experimental result is more comprehensive; and a particle counter is arranged to measure the concentration of the virus droplet aerosol inside and outside the mask in the simulation model in real time, so that the protection rate of the mask is obtained, and scientific guidance is provided for respiratory protection of the droplet aerosol spreading viroid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of virus protection, in particular to a virus droplet aerosol infection interactive simulation true experiment system.
Background
Viruses, particularly certain coronaviruses, can be transmitted from person to person, the most prominent route being droplet transmission, i.e., inhalation of droplets or aerosols formed by droplets ejected when an infected person coughs, sneezes, and speaks, usually after close contact with the infected patient.
In the face of virus, people mainly isolate the spread of spray by wearing the mask, protect the health of the people and other people and prevent the spread of epidemic situation. However, the prevention and control effect is attributed to the lack of scientific basis for wearing the mask.
Therefore, in view of the above problems, there is a need to provide a virus aerosol infection interactive simulation experiment system to determine the anti-virus discharge blocking efficiency, the anti-inhalation filtering efficiency and the total protection effect of the mask, and further provide scientific guidance for respiratory protection of virus-like aerosol transmission.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a virus droplet aerosol infection interactive simulation experiment system which comprises a virus infector simulation model and a healthy individual simulation model.
The virus infector simulation model comprises a first simulation human head model wearing a first mask, a first simulation human respirator, a construction device of a virus droplet aerosol environment and a first particle counter for measuring the concentration of aerosol inside and outside the first mask; the virus droplet aerosol environment construction device comprises a closed cavity and an aerosol generator for generating virus droplet aerosol, wherein the first simulated human respirator is placed in the cavity and is connected with a first simulated human head model outside the cavity through a breathing pipeline; the first particle counter interface is communicated with a first simulated head model breathing pipeline and is connected with a pipeline communicated with an experimental environment through a three-way valve.
The healthy individual simulation model comprises a second simulated head model wearing a second mask, a second simulated breathing apparatus and a second particle counter for measuring the concentration of aerosol inside and outside the first mask; the second simulated human respirator is arranged in an experimental environment and is connected with the second simulated head model through a breathing pipeline, the second particle counter interface is communicated with the breathing pipeline of the second simulated head model, and a pipeline communicated with the experimental environment is connected with the communicating pipeline through a three-way valve in a switching mode.
Preferably, the virus aerosol environment configuration device further comprises fans arranged at four corners in the closed chamber and used for keeping the aerosol generated by the aerosol generator in suspension.
Preferably, the healthy individual simulation models are distributed circumferentially and uniformly with the virus infector simulation model as the center, and the second simulated head models in the healthy individual simulation models are arranged facing the virus infector simulation model.
Preferably, the calculation formula of the mask protection rate is as follows:
wherein C is the mask protection rate; c1Blocking efficiency for first mask anti-virus exhaust; c2The second mask has antivirus inhalation filtering efficiency; cI-inThe concentration of the virus droplet aerosol in the first mask; cI-outThe concentration of the virus droplet aerosol outside the first mask; cH-inThe concentration of the virus droplet aerosol in the second mask; cH-outIs the concentration of the viral droplet aerosol outside the second mouthpiece.
Compared with the prior art, the virus droplet aerosol infection interactive simulation experiment system disclosed by the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the invention is provided with a virus infector simulation model and a plurality of healthy individual simulation models, can realize the real simulation of the infection condition of a plurality of healthy individuals positioned at different distances and different directions of the infector, and has more comprehensive experimental results.
(2) According to the invention, the particle counter is arranged to measure the concentration of the virus droplet aerosol inside and outside the mask in the simulation model in real time, and a plurality of measurement results are compared and calculated, so that the anti-virus discharge blocking efficiency and the anti-inhalation filtering efficiency of the mask can be quantified, the protection rate of the mask can be further obtained, and scientific guidance is provided for respiratory protection of the virus-like droplet aerosol transmission.
(3) The virus droplet aerosol generator is used for simulating the virus droplet aerosol, and the virus droplet aerosol generator is more in line with the engineering practice.
Drawings
For a clearer explanation of the embodiments or technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for a person skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is an overall structural view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a simulation model of a virus infected person.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a structure of a simulation model of a healthy individual.
The part names represented by the numbers or letters in the drawings are:
1-virus infector simulation model; 11-a first mask; 12-a first simulated head model; 13-a first anthropomorphic respirator; 14-a chamber; 15-an aerosol generator; 16-a fan; 17-a first particle counter; 18-a first three-way valve; 19-a first stereotactic table; 2-a healthy individual simulation model; 21-a second mask; 22-a second simulated head model; 23-a second anthropomorphic respirator; 24-a second particle counter; 25-a second three-way valve; 26-second stereoscopic table.
Detailed Description
The following provides a brief description of embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any inventive work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1-3 show preferred embodiments of the invention, which are each parsed in detail from different perspectives.
As shown in fig. 1, the virus droplet aerosol infection interactive simulation experiment system comprises a virus infector simulation model 1 and a plurality of healthy individual simulation models 2, wherein the healthy individual simulation models 2 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed around the virus infector simulation model 1, and the second simulated human head models 22 are all arranged facing the virus infector simulation model 1. Specifically, the virus infector simulation model 1 is placed at a central position, the healthy individual simulation model 2 is placed around the virus infector simulation model 1 at angles of theta 10 degrees, 30 degrees and 45 degrees, and the detection of the anti-virus discharge blocking efficiency, the anti-suction filtering efficiency and the total protection effect of the mask at different positions can be realized. After a set of experiment was accomplished, ventilation purification 12h to with particle counter detection no granule remain, adjust the distance between a plurality of healthy individual simulation models 2 and the virus infector simulation model 1 simultaneously, then experiment once more, thereby the detection of anti-virus discharge separation efficiency, anti-suction filtration efficiency and total protective effect of measurable quantity gauze mask under the different distances. The distance between the virus infected person simulation model 1 and the healthy individual simulation model 2 is 1m, 3m and 5m, and multiple groups of experiments are carried out.
As shown in fig. 2, the virus infector simulation model 1 includes a first simulation head model 12 wearing a first mask 11, a construction device of a virus droplet aerosol environment, a first simulation human respirator 13, and a first particle counter 17 for measuring the concentration of aerosol inside and outside the first mask 11.
The first simulated head model 12 is placed on a first three-dimensional workbench 19 with the height of 1.5 meters, is connected with the first simulated breathing apparatus 13 through a breathing pipeline, simulates human body breathing under the action of the first simulated breathing apparatus 13, and filters and exhales virus droplet aerosol in the cavity 14 into an experimental environment through the first mask 11. The first mask 11 is worn on the first dummy head model 12, so that the anti-virus discharge blocking efficiency of the first mask 11 is studied.
The virus aerosol environment construction device comprises a closed chamber 14, an aerosol generator 15 for generating a virus aerosol, and a fan 16. Specifically, the chamber 14 is a 1.5m × 1.5m × 1.5m cubic test chamber constructed by glass resin plates, and is used for providing a space for generating virus droplet aerosol and placing the first humanoid respirator 13. The virus droplet aerosol generator 15 is provided with an adjusting valve for adjusting the generation amount of virus droplet aerosol, can simulate the generation of different types of virus droplet aerosol with different particle size ranges in living places, is arranged outside the chamber 14 and is kept in a normally open state, is communicated with the inside of the chamber 14 through a pipeline, and is used for manufacturing the required virus droplet aerosol for experiments. Fans 16 are disposed at four corners of the chamber of the enclosure 14 for blowing the aerosol of viral droplets to keep it in suspension.
The first simulated human respirator 13 is a Hans Rudolph 1101 simulated human respirator, is placed in the cavity 14 and is connected with the first simulated human head model 12 outside the cavity 14 through a breathing pipeline to simulate the breathing condition of a human body. The first humanoid respirator 13 has the working principle that: the push-pull action of an electric transmission rod in an air cylinder generates respiratory airflow, the backward pull of the electric transmission rod simulates an inspiration process, the forward push of the electric transmission rod simulates an expiration process, the movement distance corresponds to each respiration amount, and the movement frequency is consistent with the respiration frequency. A first three-way valve 18 is arranged on a breathing pipeline connected with the first simulated human respirator 13 and the first simulated human head model 12, two interfaces of the first three-way valve 18 are connected on the breathing pipeline, and the other interface is communicated with the air in the cavity 14. In the air suction process, the negative pressure generated by the backward pulling of the electric transmission rod enables the airflow containing the virus droplet aerosol in the cavity 14 to be sucked into the cylinder of the first humanoid respirator 13 through the connectors II and I of the first three-way valve 18; in the exhalation process, the positive pressure generated by the forward pushing of the electric transmission rod enables the airflow containing the virus droplet aerosol in the cylinder to sequentially pass through the connectors of the first three-way valve 18, the third three-way valve is pressed into the virus infected person simulated head model 1, and the airflow is exhaled through the mouth and nose, so that the process of the virus infected person exhaling the virus droplet aerosol is simulated.
The first particle counter 17 is a NanoScan SMPS (Model 3910, TSI) type particle counter that can accurately measure the concentration of the viral aerosol in time. The first particle counter 17 is disposed outside the chamber 14, and a test interface thereof is communicated with a breathing pipeline of the first dummy head model 12, and is connected with a pipeline communicated with an experimental environment through a three-way valve on the communication pipeline for measuring the concentration of virus droplet aerosol inside and outside the first mask 11. The concentration of the virus droplet aerosol outside the first mask 11 tested by the first particle counter 17 is in a human breath hemisphere region outside the mask, namely, a space within a 20cm hemisphere region with the mouth-nose part as the center, so that a pipeline communicated with the experimental environment is placed in the space within the 20cm hemisphere region.
As shown in fig. 3, the healthy individual simulation model 2 includes a second simulated head model 22 on which a second mask 21 is worn, a second simulated human respirator 23, and a second particle counter 24 for measuring the concentration of aerosol inside and outside the first mask 21.
The second dummy head model 22 is placed on a second three-dimensional worktable 26 with the height of 1.5m, is connected with the second dummy respirator 23 through a breathing pipeline, simulates breathing under the action of the second dummy respirator 23, and inhales virus droplet aerosol in the experimental environment through the filtration of the second mask 21. The second mask 21 is worn on the second dummy head model 22, so as to investigate the anti-virus inhalation filtering efficiency of the second mask 21 to the healthy person.
The second simulated human respirator 23 is a Hans Rudolph 1101 simulated human respirator, is placed in an experimental environment, and is connected with the second simulated human head model 22 through a breathing pipeline to simulate the breathing condition of a human body. The second anthropomorphic respirator 23 works according to the following principle: the push-pull action of an electric transmission rod in an air cylinder generates respiratory airflow, the backward pull of the electric transmission rod simulates an inspiration process, the forward push of the electric transmission rod simulates an expiration process, the movement distance corresponds to each respiration amount, and the movement frequency is consistent with the respiration frequency. A second three-way valve 25 is arranged on a breathing pipeline connected with the second simulated human respirator 23 and the second simulated human head model 22, two interfaces of the second three-way valve 25 are connected on the breathing pipeline, and the other interface is communicated with air in the experimental environment. In the inspiration process, the negative pressure generated by the backward pulling of the electric transmission rod enables the airflow containing the virus droplet aerosol exhaled by the virus infected person simulation model 1 to be sequentially inhaled into the cylinder of the second simulated human respirator 23 through the mouth-nose part of the second simulated human head model 22 and the interface of the second three-way valve 25, so as to simulate the process that the healthy individual simulation model 2 inhales the virus droplet aerosol exhaled by the virus infected person simulation model 1; in the process of expiration, the pressure generated by the forward pushing of the electric transmission rod presses the virus-loaded droplet aerosol airflow out to the experimental environment through the connectors of the second three-way valve 25 successively.
The second particle counter 24 is a NanoScan SMPS (Model 3910, TSI) type particle counter that can accurately measure the concentration of the viral aerosol in time. The second particle counter 24 is disposed in the experimental environment, and its testing interface is communicated with the breathing pipeline of the second dummy head model 22, and is connected to a pipeline communicated with the experimental environment through a second three-way valve 25 on the communicating pipeline, so as to measure the concentration of the virus droplet aerosol inside and outside the second mask 21. The concentration of virus droplet aerosol outside the mask tested by the second particle counter 24 is in a hemispherical region of human breath outside the mask, namely, a space within a 20cm hemispherical region with the mouth-nose part as the center, so that a pipeline communicating with the experimental environment is placed in the space within the 20cm hemispherical region.
The calculation formula of the mask protection rate is as follows:
wherein C is the mask protection rate; c1Anti-virus discharge blocking efficiency for the first mask 11; c2The second mask 21 has an antivirus inhalation filtering efficiency; cI-inIs the concentration of viral droplet aerosol in the first mask 11; cI-outThe concentration of the virus droplet aerosol outside the first mask 11; cH-inThe concentration of the virus droplet aerosol in the second mask 21; cH-outThe concentration of the virus droplet aerosol outside the second mask 21.
When carrying out the virus droplet aerosol infection interactive simulation experiment, for the virus infector simulation model 1, the virus droplet aerosol generator 15 is started anda fan 16 provides a specific concentration of viral droplet aerosol to the chamber 14 as required by the experiment. The first humanoid respirator 13 continuously 'inhales' the virus-droplet-containing aerosol airflow in the cavity 14 in the respiratory cycle of the virus-infected person, and 'exhales' the virus-droplet-containing aerosol airflow to the experimental environment under the filtering action of the first mask 11. At this time, the virus aerosol concentration C inside and outside the first mask 11 is detected by using the first particle counter 17I-inAnd CI-outCalculating the anti-virus discharge blocking efficiency of the first mask 11
For the healthy individual simulation model, under the action of the second simulated human respirator 23, the second simulated human head model 22 continuously "inhales" the virus-containing droplet aerosol airflow exhaled by the virus infected person simulation model in the respiratory cycle. The concentration C of the virus aerosol droplets in and out of the second mask 21 is detected by using the second particle counter 24H-inAnd CH-outCalculating the antivirus inhalation filtering efficiency of the second mask 21
In order to further explain the protective effect of the mask on the virus droplet aerosol, the total protective rate C of the mask is introduced in the experiment,
through the acquired first mask 11 anti-virus discharge blocking efficiency C1The second mask 21 has an antivirus inhalation filtering efficiency C2And mask protection rate C, determining the inhibitory effect of the mask on the transmission of the virus droplet aerosol.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (4)
1. A virus droplet aerosol infection interactive simulation experiment system is characterized by comprising a virus infector simulation model and a healthy individual simulation model;
the virus infector simulation model comprises a first simulation head model wearing a first mask, a first simulation human respirator, a construction device of a virus droplet aerosol environment and a first particle counter for measuring the concentration of aerosol inside and outside the first mask; the virus droplet aerosol environment construction device comprises a closed cavity and an aerosol generator for generating virus droplet aerosol, wherein the first simulated human respirator is placed in the cavity and is connected with a first simulated human head model outside the cavity through a breathing pipeline; the first particle counter interface is communicated with the first simulated head model breathing pipeline and is connected with a pipeline communicated with the experimental environment through a three-way valve in a switching way.
The healthy individual simulation model comprises a second simulated head model wearing a second mask, a second simulated breathing apparatus and a second particle counter for measuring the concentration of aerosol inside and outside the first mask; the second simulated human respirator is arranged in an experimental environment and is connected with the second simulated head model through a breathing pipeline, the second particle counter interface is communicated with the breathing pipeline of the second simulated head model, and the second particle counter interface is connected with the pipeline communicated with the experimental environment through a three-way valve in a switching way.
2. The interactive simulation experiment system for viral aerosol infection according to claim 1, wherein the environmental configuration device for viral aerosol comprises fans disposed at four corners of the closed chamber for keeping aerosol generated by the aerosol generator in suspension.
3. The virus aerosol infection interactive simulation experiment system according to claim 1, wherein the healthy individual simulation models are a plurality of models which are circumferentially and uniformly distributed around the virus infector simulation model, and second simulated head models in the healthy individual simulation models are all arranged facing the virus infector simulation model.
4. The interactive simulation experiment system for virus droplet aerosol infection according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of the mask protection rate is as follows:
wherein C is the mask protection rate; c1Blocking efficiency for first mask anti-virus exhaust; c2The second mask has antivirus inhalation filtering efficiency; cI-inThe concentration of the virus droplet aerosol in the first mask; cI-outThe concentration of the virus droplet aerosol outside the first mask; cH-inThe concentration of the virus droplet aerosol in the second mask; cH-outThe concentration of the aerosol of the virus droplets outside the second mask.
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| CN113916617A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2022-01-11 | 上海大学 | Intelligent bionic human respiratory tract multi-part inhaled gas sampling method |
| CN114486836A (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2022-05-13 | 清华大学 | Method, device, equipment and storage medium for evaluating exposure risk of spray/aerosol |
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