CN111272638A - Testing device and method for evaluating filtering efficiency of new coronavirus protective mask - Google Patents
Testing device and method for evaluating filtering efficiency of new coronavirus protective mask Download PDFInfo
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- 241000711573 Coronaviridae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000000059 Dyspnea Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010013975 Dyspnoeas Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010035664 Pneumonia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000003176 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000025721 COVID-19 Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001678559 COVID-19 virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000001528 Coronaviridae Infections Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000711467 Human coronavirus 229E Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001109669 Human coronavirus HKU1 Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000482741 Human coronavirus NL63 Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001428935 Human coronavirus OC43 Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000025370 Middle East respiratory syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000034486 Multi-organ failure Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000010718 Multiple Organ Failure Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009351 contact transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009365 direct transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000029744 multiple organ dysfunction syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002633 protecting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000013220 shortness of breath Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
- G01N15/0266—Investigating particle size or size distribution with electrical classification
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
- G01N15/065—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions using condensation nuclei counters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
- G01N2015/0662—Comparing before/after passage through filter
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N2015/084—Testing filters
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of virus protection, and particularly relates to a testing device and method for evaluating the filtering efficiency of a new coronavirus protective mask. Aiming at the high infectivity of the new coronavirus, the standard that the evaluation transmittance is not more than 100 per minute at 100nm is added on the basis of the original N95 standard. Specifically, 100nm PSL pellets are used for simulating new coronavirus particles, and the filtration efficiency of the mask to be tested on 100nm new coronavirus is simultaneously evaluated by utilizing the number concentration of 100nmPSL pellets in a unit minute after filtration through the mask to be tested and the ratio of the number concentration of 100nmPSL pellets filtered through the mask to the number concentration of 100nmPSL pellets before filtration through the mask. The device comprises a box body, a mask clamp, a mask placing opening, a bell mouth-shaped gas transmission channel, a conductive rubber tube and a scanning mobility particle size spectrometer; the method ensures the authenticity of simulation on the basis of safety, and can effectively evaluate the filtration efficiency of the new coronavirus protective mask.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of virus protection, and particularly relates to a testing device and method for evaluating the filtering efficiency of a new coronavirus protective mask.
Background
Coronaviruses are a large group of viruses widely existing in nature, and the diameter of virus particles is 60-120nm, the average diameter is 100nm, and the virus particles are spherical or ellipsoidal. 2019A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV, causing COVID-19) is the 7 th coronavirus which is known to infect human at present, and the remaining 6 are HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, SARS-CoV (causing severe acute respiratory syndrome) and MERS-CoV (causing middle east respiratory syndrome), respectively.
After patients are infected with coronavirus, the common signs of the patients comprise respiratory symptoms, fever, cough, shortness of breath, dyspnea and the like. In more severe cases, the infection can lead to pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome, multiple organ failure, and even death. At present, the knowledge of the new coronavirus is insufficient, and no specific treatment method is available for the diseases caused by the new coronavirus. Aiming at the extremely strong infectivity of new coronavirus, and the emphasis of epidemic prevention experts, the transmission routes of the new coronary pneumonia which can be determined at present mainly comprise direct transmission, aerosol transmission and contact transmission. The mask is worn by the majority of residents in the period of epidemic diseases in an irreconcilable way for strengthening virus protection. However, no evaluation device and test method aiming at the filtering efficiency of the new coronavirus protective mask exists at home and abroad, the protective effect of the protective mask cannot be evaluated, and serious difficulty is brought to the research and development of the protective mask special for the new coronavirus. Meanwhile, thousands of medical staff at the front line are still infected by the new coronavirus under the conditions that the medical staff correctly wear the N95/KN95 mask and the protection is complete in the epidemic prevention process, which shows that due to the extremely high infectivity of the new coronavirus, the infection risk of the staff can be increased even if the medical staff correctly wear the N95/KN95 mask due to the long-time exposure and accumulation in the environment of the high-concentration new coronavirus, and the N95 standard and the national KN95 standard proposed by the existing American national institute of occupational safety and health have potential risk aiming at the epidemic situation.
In order to effectively promote the development and innovation of the protective mask for the new coronavirus, really know the filtering effect of the existing protective material on the new coronavirus, enhance the protective effect of residents on the new coronavirus and reduce the infection risk, a testing device and a method for effectively evaluating the filtering efficiency of the protective mask for the new coronavirus are urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a testing device and a testing method for conveniently, safely and effectively evaluating the filtering efficiency of a new coronavirus protective mask.
Aiming at the high infectivity of the new coronavirus, the standard that the evaluation transmittance of 100nm particles is not more than 100 per min is added on the basis of the original N95 standard. The method comprises the following specific steps:
the particle diameter of the new coronavirus is about 100nm, so that 100nm PSL pellets are used for simulating new coronavirus particles, and the filtration efficiency of the mask to be tested on the 100nm new coronavirus is simultaneously evaluated by utilizing the number concentration of 100nmPSL pellets in a unit minute after the mask to be tested is filtered and the ratio of the number concentration of the 100nmPSL pellets filtered by the mask to the number concentration of 100nmPSL pellets before the mask is not filtered.
The invention provides a testing device for evaluating the filtering efficiency of a new coronavirus protective mask, which comprises: the device comprises a box body, a mask clamp, a mask placing opening, a bell mouth-shaped gas transmission channel, a conductive rubber tube and a scanning electric mobility particle size spectrometer; wherein:
the box body is provided with a top cover and is used for inputting 100nmPSL pellets prepared by an aerosol generator; the mask placing opening is arranged on one side face of the box body and used for placing a mask to be tested and fixing the mask by using a mask clamp; one side of the box body is connected with the bell mouth-shaped gas transmission channel at the mouth of the mask placing opening through a boss with an annular groove, and the joint is fixed by a rubber ring; the bell-mouth-shaped gas transmission channel is connected with a scanning mobility particle size spectrometer outside the box body through a conductive rubber tube and is used for detecting the number concentration of 100nmPSL (measured electrode) small balls filtered by the mask to be detected; and an air guide port is arranged below the other side of the box body, is connected with another scanning electric mobility particle size spectrometer outside the box body through another conductive rubber tube and is used for detecting the number concentration of 100nmPSL (nanometer pulsed solid solution) beads which are not filtered by the mask to be detected.
Based on the device, the test method for evaluating the filtration efficiency of the new coronavirus protective mask comprises the following specific steps:
when the testing device is used for testing, the mask to be tested is placed at the mask placing opening and is fixed by the mask clamp (different mask clamps can be adopted when the sizes and the shapes of the masks are different); 100nmPSL pellets are prepared by an aerosol generator and are added into the box body from the top cover of the box body at a constant speed. After the device runs for two hours, the measurement and the recording of the number concentration of the 100nmPSL globules by the two scanning mobility particle size spectrometers are stopped simultaneously; the transmission rate of 100nmPSL beads is not more than 100/min as an evaluation standard:
firstly, exporting real-time measurement data of a scanning mobility particle size spectrometer for measuring the concentration of 100nmPSL pellets filtered by a virus protective mask to be measured, and comparing the 100nmPSL pellets to evaluate whether the transmittance meets the standard of not more than 100/min;
secondly, the real-time measurement data of the scanning mobility particle size spectrometer for measuring the concentration of the number of 100nmPSL small balls in the measurement box is compared with the corresponding data of the scanning mobility particle size spectrometer for measuring the concentration of the number of 100nmPSL small balls in the measurement box by making a difference between the real-time measurement data of the scanning mobility particle size spectrometer for measuring the concentration of the number of 100nmPSL small balls in the measurement box, and then the average value in the whole measurement time period is calculated, so that the filtering efficiency of the virus protection mask can be accurately known.
The air inflow of the scanning electromigration rate particle size spectrometer is controlled to be 0.4-0.8L/min (preferably 0.5L/min), the normal respiratory capacity of an ordinary person is 6-7.5L/min, the respiratory capacity of the ordinary person is calculated according to 7L/min, and the operation time of the testing device for 14min is equivalent to the respiratory capacity of the ordinary person for 1 min. Because the air inlet flow of the scanning mobility particle size spectrometer is small, and the number concentration of the added PSL pellets is high, the influence of the equipment for detecting the total concentration of 100nmPSL pellets in the box body, which is not filtered by the mask to be detected, can be ignored. The testing device can effectively evaluate whether the mask has the protective capability of filtering new coronavirus; tests show that if the number concentration of the 100nmPSL pellets is reduced, the mask has a filtering and protecting effect on new coronavirus, and the larger the reduction of the number concentration of the 100nmPSL pellets is, the better the virus filtering efficiency of the mask is.
The testing device and the method for effectively evaluating the filtering efficiency of the new coronavirus protective mask play a key guiding role in the selection of new coronavirus protective mask materials and the development of mask products.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the 100nmPSL pellets are adopted to simulate new coronavirus particles, so that the simulation authenticity is ensured on the basis of safety, and the filtering efficiency of the new coronavirus protective mask can be effectively evaluated;
(2) aiming at the high infectivity of the new coronavirus, the standard that the evaluation transmittance of 100nm particles is not more than 100 per min is added on the basis of the existing N95/KN95 standard, so that the potential risk is reduced, and the method is more reliable and effective;
(3) the scanning mobility particle size spectrometer adopts an electrostatic classifier to measure the particle size of particles, and a condensed particle counter is used for measuring the number concentration of the particles, and the number concentration can be 1-108Performing concentration scanning within a range of several/cubic centimeter, and finishing particle size distribution scanning within a time not exceeding 60 s;
(4) scanning electric mobility particle size spectrum can provide the particulate matter particle size measurement within 3 ~ 1000nm scope, and applicable gauze mask filter effect's survey under the different virus particle size distributions of simulation in the future has supplemented the simplification of evaluation virus protection gauze mask filtration efficiency technique, is favorable to studying gauze mask filter effect under the different virus particle size distributions from many aspects, has further promoted the standardization of virus protection gauze mask, standardization.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a testing device for evaluating the filtration efficiency of a new coronavirus protective mask.
Fig. 2 is a view showing a mask placement opening.
Figure 3 is a mask sample # 1 evaluated to simulate the effect of a new coronavirus on filtering 100nmPSL beads.
Fig. 4 is a sample mask # 2 evaluated to simulate the effect of new coronavirus filtering 100nmPSL beads.
Fig. 5 is a sample # 3 mask evaluated for its effect of simulating the filtration of 100nmPSL beads by new coronavirus.
Reference numbers in the figures: 1 is the box, 2 is the box top cap, 3 is the boss that has the annular groove, 4 is the gauze mask clamp, 5 places the mouth for the gauze mask, 6 is the rubber circle, 7 is horn mouth shape gas transmission channel, 8 is the conductive rubber pipe, 9 is scanning mobility particle size spectrometer SMPS-3938, 10 is the gas guide mouth, 11 is 100nmPSL bobbles.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
Examples 1 to 3:
the protective mask (1 # sample, 2# sample and 3# sample) for the virus to be detected is placed at the mask placing opening (5) of the boss (3) with the annular groove, and the edge of the mask to be detected is tightly fixed by the mask clamp (4). The bell-mouth-shaped gas transmission channel (7) is sleeved on the boss (3) with the annular groove and is tightly clamped by the rubber ring (6) sleeved on the clamping groove on the boss (3) of the annular groove. One end of the conductive rubber tube (8) is connected with the bell-mouth-shaped gas transmission channel (7) and is connected with a SMPS-3938 (9) of a scanning mobility particle size spectrometer. One end of another conductive rubber tube (8) is connected with the air guide port (10) and is connected with another SMPS-3938 (9) of the scanning mobility particle size spectrometer. And (4) opening two scanning mobility particle size spectrometers SMPS-3938 and preheating for 5 min. After the equipment is stabilized, a top cover (2) of the box body is opened, 100nmPSL pellets prepared by an aerosol generator are added into the box body (1), the top cover (2) of the box body is closed rapidly, and timing is started after 2-3min (so that air which is not filtered by a mask in a bell-mouth-shaped gas transmission channel (7) is pumped out by a scanning mobility particle size spectrometer SMPS-3938 (9), and the reliability of test data is prevented from being influenced). After two hours, the two scanning mobility particle size spectrometers SMPS-3938 (9) were stopped simultaneously for the measurement and recording of the concentration of 100nmPSL beads. Firstly, exporting real-time measurement data of a scanning electromigration rate particle size spectrometer SMPS-3938 for measuring the number concentration of 100nmPSL pellets filtered by a virus protective mask to be measured, and comparing the 100nmPSL pellets to evaluate whether the transmittance meets the standard of not more than 100/min; secondly, the filtration efficiency of the virus protection mask can be accurately known by subtracting real-time measurement data of a scanning electromigration rate particle size spectrometer SMPS-3938 for measuring the number concentration of 100nmPSL globules in the measurement box from real-time measurement data of the scanning electromigration rate particle size spectrometer SMPS-3938 for measuring the number concentration of 100nmPSL globules filtered by the virus protection mask to be measured, and calculating the average value in the whole measurement time period compared with the corresponding data of the scanning electromigration rate particle size spectrometer SMPS-3938 for measuring the number concentration of 100nmPSL globules in the measurement box.
Mask sample # 1 was selected and evaluated for its ability to simulate the new coronavirus filtration of 100nmPSL beads as shown in FIG. 3: as shown in FIG. 3, the number concentration of 100nmPSL beads before filtration: 4590 #/cm3(ii) a Number concentration of 100nmPSL beads after filtration: 1010 #/cm3(ii) a Average filtration efficiency: 78.0 percent.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides an evaluation new coronavirus protective mask filtration efficiency's testing arrangement which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a box body, a mask clamp, a mask placing opening, a bell mouth-shaped gas transmission channel, a conductive rubber tube and a scanning electric mobility particle size spectrometer; wherein:
the box body is provided with a top cover and is used for inputting 100nmPSL pellets prepared by an aerosol generator; the mask placing opening is arranged on one side face of the box body and used for placing a mask to be tested and fixing the mask by using a mask clamp; one side of the box body is connected with the bell mouth-shaped gas transmission channel at the mouth of the mask placing opening through a boss with an annular groove, and the joint is fixed by a rubber ring; the bell-mouth-shaped gas transmission channel is connected with a scanning mobility particle size spectrometer outside the box body through a conductive rubber tube and is used for detecting the number concentration of 100nmPSL (measured electrode) small balls filtered by the mask to be detected; and an air guide port is arranged below the other side of the box body, is connected with another scanning electric mobility particle size spectrometer outside the box body through another conductive rubber tube and is used for detecting the number concentration of 100nmPSL (nanometer pulsed solid solution) beads which are not filtered by the mask to be detected.
2. The test method for evaluating the filtration efficiency of the new coronavirus protective mask based on the device of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
when the testing device tests, the mask to be tested is placed at the mask placing opening and is fixed by the mask clamp; after the device runs for two hours, the measurement and the recording of the number concentration of the 100nmPSL pellets by two scanning mobility particle size spectrometers are stopped simultaneously; the transmission rate of 100nmPSL beads is not more than 100/min as an evaluation standard:
firstly, exporting real-time measurement data of a scanning mobility particle size spectrometer for measuring the concentration of 100nmPSL pellets filtered by a virus protective mask to be measured, and comparing the 100nmPSL pellets to evaluate whether the transmittance meets the standard of not more than 100/min;
secondly, the real-time measurement data of the scanning mobility particle size spectrometer for measuring the concentration of the number of 100nmPSL small balls in the measurement box is compared with the corresponding data of the scanning mobility particle size spectrometer for measuring the concentration of the number of 100nmPSL small balls in the measurement box by making a difference between the real-time measurement data of the scanning mobility particle size spectrometer for measuring the concentration of the number of 100nmPSL small balls in the measurement box, and then the average value in the whole measurement time period is calculated, so that the filtering efficiency of the virus protection mask can be accurately known.
3. The testing method for evaluating the filtration efficiency of a new corona virus protective mask according to claim 2, wherein the air intake flow of the scanning mobility particle size spectrometer is controlled to be 0.4-0.8L/min.
4. The test method for evaluating the filtration efficiency of a new coronavirus protective mask according to claim 2, wherein a decrease in the number of 100nmPSL beads indicates that the mask has a filtration protective effect on new coronavirus, and wherein the greater the decrease in the number of 100nmPSL beads, the better the filtration efficiency of the mask.
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| CN112161906A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2021-01-01 | 海宁博瑞医疗科技有限公司 | Portable mask rapid detection method and system |
| CN113984963A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-01-28 | 河北省药品医疗器械检验研究院(河北省化妆品检验研究中心) | Method for detecting conventional performance of medical protective equipment finished product for preventing new coronary pneumonia |
| EP3985379A1 (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2022-04-20 | Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin | Device and method for measuring in situ simulated viral propagation in aerosols |
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