CN111766092B - Virus spray aerosol infection interactive simulation experiment system - Google Patents
Virus spray aerosol infection interactive simulation experiment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111766092B CN111766092B CN202010662660.1A CN202010662660A CN111766092B CN 111766092 B CN111766092 B CN 111766092B CN 202010662660 A CN202010662660 A CN 202010662660A CN 111766092 B CN111766092 B CN 111766092B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G01M99/008—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass by doing functionality tests
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N2015/084—Testing filters
Abstract
The invention discloses a virus spray aerosol infection interactive simulation experiment system, and relates to the technical field of virus protection. The experimental system comprises a virus infected person simulation model and a healthy individual simulation model; the virus infected person simulation model comprises a first simulation human head model with a first mask, a first human breathing imitation instrument, a construction device of a virus spray aerosol environment and a first particle counter; the healthy individual simulation model comprises a second simulation head model with a second mask, a second humanoid breathing apparatus and a second particle counter. The invention can realize the real simulation of the infected condition of a plurality of healthy individuals positioned at different distances and different directions of the infected person, and the experimental result is more comprehensive; and a particle counter is arranged to measure the concentration of virus spray aerosol inside and outside the mask in the simulation model in real time, so that the mask protection rate is obtained, and scientific guidance is provided for the respiratory protection of the virus-like transmitted by the spray aerosol.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of virus protection, in particular to a virus spray aerosol infection interactive simulation verification system.
Background
Viruses, particularly certain coronaviruses, can spread from person to person, the most important transmission route being the transmission of droplets, i.e. inhalation of aerosols formed by droplets or spray from an infected person when coughing, sneezing and speaking, usually after intimate contact with the infected patient.
In the face of viruses, people mainly wear the mask to isolate the spread of spray, protect the health of the people and other people and prevent the spread of epidemic situations. However, the prevention and control effect is attributed to the lack of sufficient scientific basis for wearing the mask.
Therefore, in view of the above problems, it is necessary to provide a virus droplet aerosol infection interactive simulation experiment system to determine the anti-virus discharge blocking efficiency, the anti-inhalation filtering efficiency and the total protection effect of the mask, so as to provide scientific guidance for respiratory protection of the droplet aerosol-transmitted virus.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a virus spray aerosol infection interactive simulation experiment system, which comprises a virus infected person simulation model and a healthy individual simulation model.
The virus infected person simulation model comprises a first simulation human head model with a first mask, a first humanoid breathing instrument, a construction device of a virus droplet aerosol environment and a first particle counter for measuring the concentration of aerosol inside and outside the first mask; the virus spray aerosol environment construction device comprises a closed cavity and an aerosol generator for generating virus spray aerosol, wherein the first humanoid respiratory apparatus is placed in the cavity and is connected with a first humanoid head model outside the cavity through a respiratory pipeline; the first particle counter interface is communicated with a first artificial human head model breathing pipeline, and a pipeline communicated with an experimental environment is connected to the communication pipeline through a three-way valve.
The healthy individual simulation model comprises a second simulation human head model with a second mask, a second simulation human breathing instrument and a second particle counter, wherein the second simulation human head model is worn by the second mask, and the second particle counter is used for measuring the concentration of aerosol inside and outside the first mask; the second humanoid breathing instrument is arranged in an experimental environment and is connected with a second simulation human head model through a breathing pipeline, and the second particle counter interface is communicated with the breathing pipeline of the second simulation human head model and is connected with the pipeline of the experimental environment through a three-way valve.
Preferably, the virus spray aerosol environment construction device further comprises fans which are arranged at four corners in the closed chamber and used for keeping spray aerosol generated by the aerosol generator in suspension.
Preferably, the healthy individual simulation models are a plurality of the healthy individual simulation models which are circumferentially distributed by taking the virus infected person simulation model as a center, and the second simulated human head models in the healthy individual simulation models are all arranged facing the virus infected person simulation model.
Preferably, the formula for calculating the mask protection rate is as follows:
wherein, C is the mask protection rate; c (C) 1 The virus-proof discharge blocking efficiency for the first mask; c (C) 2 The virus inhalation-proof filtering efficiency of the second mask is achieved; c (C) I-in The concentration of virus spray aerosol in the first mask; c (C) I-out The concentration of the virus spray aerosol outside the first mask; c (C) H-in The concentration of virus spray aerosol in the second mask; c (C) H-out Is the concentration of virus spray aerosol outside the second mask. />
Compared with the prior art, the virus spray aerosol infection interactive simulation experiment system disclosed by the invention has the advantages that:
(1) The invention is provided with a virus infecting person simulation model and a plurality of healthy individual simulation models, so that the real simulation of the infection conditions of a plurality of healthy individuals positioned at different distances and different directions of the infecting person can be realized, and the experimental result is more comprehensive.
(2) The particle counter is arranged in the invention to measure the concentration of virus spray aerosol inside and outside the mask in the simulation model in real time, and a plurality of measurement results are compared and calculated, so that the mask can quantify the anti-virus discharge blocking efficiency and the anti-inhalation filtering efficiency, further obtain the mask protection rate, and provide scientific guidance for the respiratory protection of the virus spray aerosol transmission type.
(3) The invention uses the virus spray aerosol generator to simulate the virus spray aerosol, which is more fit for engineering practice.
Drawings
For a clearer description of embodiments of the invention or of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or of the prior art will be briefly described, it being evident that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is an overall construction diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a simulation model of a virus infected person.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a simulation model of a healthy individual.
The names of the parts represented by the numbers or letters in the figures are:
1-a virus infected person simulation model; 11-a first mask; 12-a first simulated human head model; 13-a first humanoid respiratory apparatus; 14-chamber; 15-an aerosol generator; 16-a fan; 17-a first particle counter; 18-a first three-way valve; 19-a first stereo workbench; 2-a healthy individual simulation model; 21-a second mask; 22-a second simulated human head model; 23-a second humanoid respiratory apparatus; 24-a second particle counter; 25-a second three-way valve; 26-a second stereo table.
Detailed Description
The following is a brief description of embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and that all other embodiments obtained by a person having ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments in the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1-3 show a preferred embodiment of the invention, which is analyzed in detail from different angles, respectively.
The virus spray aerosol infection interactive simulation experiment system shown in fig. 1 comprises a virus infected person simulation model 1 and a plurality of healthy individual simulation models 2, wherein the plurality of healthy individual simulation models 2 are circumferentially uniformly distributed with the virus infected person simulation model 1 as a center, and the second simulated human head models 22 are arranged facing the virus infected person simulation model 1. Specifically, the virus infected person simulation model 1 is placed in the center, the healthy individual simulation model 2 is placed around the virus infected person simulation model 1 at an angle of θ=10°,30 °,45 ° respectively, and detection of the anti-virus discharge blocking efficiency, the anti-inhalation filtering efficiency and the total protection effect of the mask at different positions can be achieved. After a group of experiments are completed, ventilation and purification are carried out for 12 hours, a particle counter is used for detecting no particulate matter residue, the distances between a plurality of healthy individual simulation models 2 and virus infected person simulation models 1 are adjusted, and then the experiments are carried out again, so that the detection of the anti-virus discharge blocking efficiency, the anti-inhalation filtering efficiency and the total protection effect of the mask under different distances can be measured. The distance of 2 between the virus infected person simulation model 1 and the healthy individual simulation model is selected as R=1 m,3m and 5m, and a plurality of groups of experiments are carried out.
As shown in fig. 2, the virus infected person simulation model 1 includes a first dummy head model 12 to which a first mask 11 is attached, a construction device for a virus droplet aerosol environment, a first dummy breathing apparatus 13, and a first particle counter 17 for measuring the aerosol concentration inside and outside the first mask 11.
The first artificial human head model 12 is placed on a first three-dimensional workbench 19 with the height of 1.5 meters, is connected with the first artificial human breathing instrument 13 through a breathing pipeline, simulates human breathing under the action of the first artificial human breathing instrument 13, and filters and exhales virus spray aerosol in the chamber 14 into an experimental environment through the first mask 11. The first mask 11 is worn on the first dummy head model 12, so that the anti-virus discharge blocking efficiency of the first mask 11 is investigated.
The virus spray aerosol environment construction device comprises a closed chamber 14, an aerosol generator 15 for generating virus spray aerosol and a fan 16. Specifically, the chamber 14 is a 1.5m×1.5m cubic test chamber constructed of glass resin plates for providing space for generating virus spray aerosol and for placing the first humanoid respirator 13. The virus spray aerosol generator 15 is provided with a regulating valve for regulating the generation amount of the virus spray aerosol, so that different types of virus spray aerosols with different particle size ranges in living places can be simulated and generated, the aerosol generator 15 is arranged outside the chamber 14 and keeps a normally open state, and is communicated with the chamber 14 through a pipeline, so that the virus spray aerosol required by experimental manufacture can be produced. A fan 16 is provided at four corners of the chamber of the enclosure 14 for blowing the virus spray aerosol in suspension.
The first humanoid breathing apparatus 13 is a Hans Rudolph 1101 humanoid breathing apparatus, is placed in the cavity 14, and is connected with the first humanoid head model 12 outside the cavity 14 through a breathing pipeline to simulate the breathing condition of a human body. The first humanoid respirator 13 works on the principle that: the push-pull action of an electric transmission rod in a cylinder generates respiratory airflow, the electric transmission rod pulls back to simulate the inspiration process, pushes forward to simulate the expiration process, the movement distance corresponds to each respiratory volume, and the movement frequency is consistent with the respiratory frequency. A first three-way valve 18 is arranged on a breathing pipeline connected with the first humanoid breathing instrument 13 and the first humanoid head model 12, two interfaces of the first three-way valve 18 are connected with the breathing pipeline, and the other interface is communicated with air in the cavity 14. In the air suction process, negative pressure generated by back pulling of the electric transmission rod pumps air flow containing virus spray aerosol in the cavity 14 into the air cylinder of the first humanoid respirator 13 through the interfaces (2) and (1) of the first three-way valve 18; in the expiration process, positive pressure generated by forward pushing of the electric transmission rod presses air flow containing virus spray aerosol in the air cylinder into the virus infected person simulation head model 1 through the interfaces (1) and (3) of the first three-way valve 18, and the air flow is exhaled through the mouth and nose, so that the process of exhaling the virus spray aerosol by the virus infected person is simulated.
The first particle counter 17 is a NanoScan SMPS (Model 3910, tsi) particle counter that can accurately and timely measure viral spray aerosol concentration. The first particle counter 17 is disposed outside the chamber 14, and has a test interface connected to the breathing pipe of the first artificial head model 12, and is connected to a pipe connected to the experimental environment through a three-way valve on the connecting pipe, for measuring the concentration of the virus spray aerosol inside and outside the first mask 11. The concentration of the virus spray aerosol outside the first mask 11 tested by the first particle counter 17 is the space within the hemispherical region of the human body breathing outside the mask, namely, the hemispherical region is 20cm with the mouth and nose as the center, so that the pipeline for communicating the experimental environment is placed in the space within the hemispherical region of 20 cm.
As shown in fig. 3, the healthy individual simulation model 2 includes a second simulated human head model 22 with a second mask 21, a second simulated human breathing apparatus 23, and a second particle counter 24 for measuring the concentration of aerosol inside and outside the first mask 21.
The second artificial human head model 22 is placed on a second stereo workbench 26 with the height of 1.5m, is connected with a second artificial human breathing instrument 23 through a breathing pipeline, simulates breathing under the action of the second artificial human breathing instrument 23, and filters and sucks virus spray aerosol in the experimental environment through a second mask 21. The second mask 21 is worn on the second artificial head model 22, so that the anti-virus inhalation filtering efficiency of the second mask 21 on healthy people is explored.
The second humanoid breathing apparatus 23 is a Hans Rudolph 1101 humanoid breathing apparatus, and is placed in an experimental environment, and connected with the second humanoid head model 22 through a breathing pipeline to simulate the breathing condition of a human body. The second humanoid respiratory apparatus 23 works on the principle that: the push-pull action of an electric transmission rod in a cylinder generates respiratory airflow, the electric transmission rod pulls back to simulate the inspiration process, pushes forward to simulate the expiration process, the movement distance corresponds to each respiratory volume, and the movement frequency is consistent with the respiratory frequency. A second three-way valve 25 is arranged on a breathing pipeline connected with the second humanoid breathing instrument 23 and the second humanoid head model 22, two interfaces of the second three-way valve 25 are connected with the breathing pipeline, and the other interface is communicated with air in the experimental environment. In the air suction process, negative pressure generated by back pulling of the electric transmission rod sucks the air flow containing virus spray aerosol exhaled by the virus infected person simulation model 1 into the air cylinder of the second humanoid respiratory apparatus 23 through the mouth and nose of the second humanoid head model 22 and the interfaces (4) and (6) of the second three-way valve 25 in sequence, so that the process of inhaling the virus spray aerosol exhaled by the virus infected person simulation model 1 by the healthy individual simulation model 2 is simulated; in the process of expiration, the pressure generated by forward pushing of the electric transmission rod presses the aerosol air flow carrying virus droplets out of the experimental environment through the interfaces (6) and (5) of the second three-way valve 25.
The second particle counter 24 is a NanoScan SMPS (Model 3910, tsi) particle counter that measures viral spray aerosol concentration accurately and in time. The second particle counter 24 is disposed in the experimental environment, and the test interface is connected to the respiratory pipeline of the second artificial human head model 22, and is connected to the pipeline of the experimental environment through the second three-way valve 25, so as to measure the concentration of the virus spray aerosol inside and outside the second mask 21. The concentration of virus spray aerosol outside the mask tested by the second particle counter 24 is the space within the hemispherical region of the human breath outside the mask, namely, the hemispherical region is 20cm around the nose and mouth, so that the pipeline for communicating with the experimental environment is placed in the space within the hemispherical region of 20 cm.
The formula for calculating the mask protection rate:
wherein, C is the mask protection rate; c (C) 1 An anti-virus exit barrier efficiency for the first mask 11; c (C) 2 Anti-virus inhalation filtration efficiency for the second mask 21; c (C) I-in A concentration of virus droplets aerosol in the first mask 11; c (C) I-out The concentration of the virus spray aerosol outside the first mask 11; c (C) H-in The concentration of the virus droplet aerosol in the second mask 21; c (C) H-out Is the concentration of virus spray aerosol outside the second mask 21.
When the virus spray aerosol infection interactive simulation experiment is carried out, the virus spray aerosol generator 15 and the fan 16 are started for the virus infected person simulation model 1, and the virus spray aerosol with specific concentration is provided for the chamber 14 according to the experiment requirement. The first humanoid respirator 13 continuously "inhales" the virus-containing droplet aerosol airflow in the chamber 14 during the simulated respiratory cycle of the virus-infected person, and "exhales" the virus-containing droplet aerosol airflow into the experimental environment under the filtering action of the first mask 11. At this time, the first particle counter 17 is used to detect the virus droplet aerosol concentration C inside and outside the first mask 11 I-in And C I-out Calculating the anti-virus discharge blocking efficiency of the first mask 11
For a healthy individual simulation model, under the action of the second humanoid breathing apparatus 23, the second humanoid head model 22 continuously "inhales" the virus-containing droplet aerosol airflow exhaled by the virus-infected person simulation model in the respiratory cycle. Detecting the concentration C of virus droplet aerosol inside and outside the second mask 21 by using the second particle counter 24 H-in And C H-out Calculating the anti-virus inhalation filtration efficiency of the second mask 21 +.>
In order to further explain the protection effect of the mask on virus spray aerosol, the experiment introduces the total protection rate C of the mask,
anti-virus discharge blocking efficiency C by the obtained first mask 11 1 Anti-virus inhalation filtration efficiency C of second mask 21 2 And the mask protection rate C is used for determining the inhibition effect of the mask on the transmission of virus spray aerosol. />
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (1)
1. The virus spray aerosol infection interactive simulation experiment system is characterized by comprising a virus infected person simulation model and a healthy individual simulation model;
the virus infected person simulation model comprises a first simulation human head model with a first mask, a first humanoid breathing instrument, a construction device of a virus droplet aerosol environment and a first particle counter for measuring the concentration of the aerosol inside and outside the first mask; the virus spray aerosol environment construction device comprises a closed cavity and an aerosol generator for generating virus spray aerosol, wherein the first humanoid respiratory apparatus is placed in the cavity and is connected with a first humanoid head model outside the cavity through a respiratory pipeline; the first particle counter interface is communicated with a first artificial human head model breathing pipeline and is connected with a pipeline communicated with an experimental environment through a three-way valve;
the healthy individual simulation model comprises a second simulation human head model with a second mask, a second human-like breathing instrument and a second particle counter for measuring the concentration of aerosol inside and outside the second mask; the second humanoid breathing instrument is arranged in an experimental environment, is connected with a second simulation human head model through a breathing pipeline, and the second particle counter interface is communicated with the breathing pipeline of the second simulation human head model and is connected with a pipeline communicated with the experimental environment through a three-way valve;
the virus spray aerosol environment construction device also comprises fans which are arranged at four corners in the closed cavity and used for keeping spray aerosol generated by the aerosol generator in suspension;
the healthy individual simulation models are a plurality of simulation models which are circumferentially and uniformly distributed by taking the virus infected person simulation model as a center, and second simulation human head models in the plurality of the healthy individual simulation models are all arranged facing the virus infected person simulation model;
the formula for calculating the mask protection rate:
wherein, C is the mask protection rate; c (C) 1 The virus-proof discharge blocking efficiency for the first mask; c (C) 2 The virus inhalation-proof filtering efficiency of the second mask is achieved; c (C) I-in The concentration of virus spray aerosol in the first mask; c (C) I-out The concentration of the virus spray aerosol outside the first mask; c (C) H-in The concentration of virus spray aerosol in the second mask; c (C) H-out Is the concentration of virus spray aerosol outside the second mask. />
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