CN111765925A - Fine irrigation surface water flow state monitoring system - Google Patents
Fine irrigation surface water flow state monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111765925A CN111765925A CN202010671778.0A CN202010671778A CN111765925A CN 111765925 A CN111765925 A CN 111765925A CN 202010671778 A CN202010671778 A CN 202010671778A CN 111765925 A CN111765925 A CN 111765925A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D11/00—Component parts of measuring arrangements not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D11/16—Elements for restraining, or preventing the movement of, parts, e.g. for zeroising
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Abstract
The invention relates to a monitoring system for the water flow state of a fine irrigation surface, which comprises a bracket, a collector, an ultrasonic water level sensor and an EC sensor, wherein the ultrasonic water level sensor and the EC sensor are connected with the collector; the monitoring system provided by the invention improves the observation precision of the ground irrigation water flow motion process data and realizes the feedback and control of the ground irrigation process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of farmland irrigation, and particularly relates to a system for monitoring the surface water flow state of fine irrigation.
Background
In most areas of China, the mode of field irrigation is still mainly ground irrigation, particularly ridge irrigation, but in actual production, the problems of unreasonable irrigation technical parameters (such as ridge specification and ridge flow), low irrigation automation degree and the like exist, so that the utilization efficiency of irrigation water is low and the irrigation quality is not high. Aiming at the common problems of ground irrigation, the water flow motion state under the ground irrigation mode is researched, and the technical support can be provided for the estimation of reasonable irrigation technical parameters and ground irrigation operation indexes, so that the fine ground irrigation is realized.
In the fine ground irrigation, firstly, the surface water flow state of the land entering the furrow, such as the ground water flow propulsion and extinction time, the ground water depth, the water flow EC value and other irrigation variables, needs to be monitored in real time, so that real-time data and the water flow state are obtained, the motion process of the surface irrigation water flow is simulated, control parameters are further obtained, and the fine ground irrigation control is realized. In order to realize the real-time feedback control of the whole irrigation process, it is necessary to observe the irrigation water flow propulsion process and the water flow fading process, wherein the water flow propulsion process is to observe the time from the beginning of irrigation to the time of stopping irrigation to the arrival of the water flow propulsion front at each observation point along the field direction and the field surface water depth of each measuring point in different time periods, and the water flow fading process is to observe the field surface water depth of each measuring point in different time periods after the irrigation is stopped and the accumulated water fades.
In the ground irrigation, the surface water flow state is generally observed at a fixed point, a proper observation interval is determined according to the length of a furrow (ditch), and then the observation is manually carried out, generally speaking, the observation of the water flow advancing time is easier and more objective and is limited by field conditions, the observation of the water flow fading time has larger subjectivity and larger artificial influence, and the difficulty of the observation of the water flow advancing time and the fading time is correspondingly increased under the condition of close planting of crops, and the difficulty of the ground water depth observation is larger because the field water flow motion under the ground irrigation condition has the characteristics of slow flow speed and small water depth change amplitude; in addition, the EC value of the water flow is mostly measured by taking a water sample and taking the water sample back to a laboratory, great man-made interference exists from sampling, transportation to measurement, the judgment of irrigation, particularly the fertilization and irrigation process is influenced, and great manpower and material resources are consumed for field observation of the parameters.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the background art, and provides a system for monitoring the water flow state of a fine irrigation surface, which improves the observation precision of the data of the water flow motion process of surface irrigation and realizes the feedback and control of the surface irrigation process.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
the utility model provides a meticulous irrigation surface water flow state monitoring system, includes support, collector, the ultrasonic wave level sensor and the EC sensor of connecting the collector, the support includes the backup pad, perpendicular joint support board's bottom plate and roof respectively, the one side of backup pad is kept away from to the roof is located to the collector, ultrasonic wave level sensor locates the roof towards the one end of backup pad, keep away from one side of collector, the EC sensor runs through the roof and is connected to the collector, ultrasonic wave level sensor and EC sensor all connect the collector, the collector passes through PLC controller connection control center.
Preferably, the two ends of the supporting plate are respectively welded with the bottom plate and the top plate, and the collector is connected with the top plate through bolts.
Preferably, the collector is provided with a solar cell panel which provides a non-power-off function for the collector.
Preferably, the bottom plate is provided with 2-4 fixing holes for field installation and fixation.
Preferably, the collector comprises a main control circuit board and a driving circuit board which are in communication connection, and the EC sensor and the ultrasonic water level sensor are both connected to the main control circuit board.
Preferably, the master control circuit board comprises a master control microcontroller with a communication module, and the master control microcontroller sends the instruction received by the communication module and the data collected by the EC sensor and the ultrasonic water level sensor to the PLC controller.
Preferably, the driving circuit board comprises a single chip microcomputer with a PWM boosting module, the single chip microcomputer receives a signal fed back by the electromagnetic valve and performs charging management on the solar cell panel, and the single chip microcomputer generates a PWM pulse boosting voltage to drive the electromagnetic valve to open and close.
Preferably, the signal frequency f (hz) of the pulse signal of the capturing sensor of the collector satisfies: f =0.32 × Q-9.82, wherein Q represents the flow rate of water (ml/s) and Q satisfies: q = L/t, where L represents the amount of water flowing past the sensor in a single furrow (ml/s) and t represents the total time for the water flow to go from on to off(s).
Preferably, during the propulsion of the water flow, when the water flow front advances to a certain distance x, there are: qt = Vh+VzIn which V ish、VzThe water storage capacity and infiltration capacity (L) of the ground surface on the unit ridge width are respectively.
Preferably, the surface water storage VhSatisfies the following conditions:
Vh=σhhx，
wherein h represents the depth of water (mm), σ, measured by the ultrasonic water level sensorhIs the surface water storage form factor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the system for monitoring the state of the water flow of the fine irrigation surface can record the water flow propelling and fading time, the dynamic change of the surface water depth along with time and the dynamic change of the water flow EC value along with time, and indirectly reflect the dynamic change of the fertilizer liquid concentration along with time.
2. According to the system for monitoring the state of the water flow of the fine irrigation surface, the collector adopts solar power supply to realize solar power supply and realize data storage and remote transmission, the ultrasonic water level sensor can measure the dynamic change of the water depth of the water flow passing through the cross section in real time, and the EC sensor can calculate the EC value according to the conductivity of the water, so that the state of the concentration of the fertilizer liquid of the water flow is reflected.
3. The invention provides a system for monitoring the water flow state of a fine irrigation surface, which is used for constructing a real-time feedback control system of a fine furrow irrigation process by taking irrigation information real-time acquisition and transmission equipment as a supporting condition, taking a computer processing system as a control center basis and taking irrigation water flow control equipment as an application condition.
4. The invention provides a monitoring system for the water flow state of a fine irrigation surface, which collects irrigation information in real time in the irrigation process of a ridged field to be controlled, optimizes and reversely calculates soil infiltration parameters and coefficients by using part of the irrigation information, predicts the irrigation process of the ridged field to be controlled, optimizes and decides the optimal irrigation time or the optimal irrigation flow before the ridged field finishes irrigation, implements feedback control, improves the automation level of the ground irrigation field, and reduces the situations of insufficient irrigation or excessive irrigation caused by invalid water abandon and unreasonable irrigation time in the field irrigation process, thereby improving the irrigation quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a system for monitoring the flow state of surface water for fine irrigation according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the connection of the ultrasonic water level sensor of the present invention to the top.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a collector of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of embodiment 3 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a base plate; 2. a support plate; 3. a top plate; 4. a collector; 5. a solar panel; 6. an EC sensor; 7. a fixing hole; 8. an ultrasonic water level sensor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Combine fig. 1 and fig. 2, a meticulous irrigation surface water flow state monitoring system for the rivers propulsion of monitoring irrigation water in the farmland and the process of fading out, including support, collector 4, the ultrasonic wave level sensor 8 and the EC sensor 6 of connecting collector 4, the support includes backup pad 2, perpendicular bottom plate 1 and the roof 3 of connecting backup pad 2 respectively, and backup pad 2 can adopt the expansion plate, is convenient for adjust the height of whole device, collector 4 locates roof 3 and keeps away from one side of backup pad 2, ultrasonic wave level sensor 8 locates roof 3 towards the one end of backup pad 2, keep away from one side of collector 4, EC sensor 6 runs through roof 3 and is connected to collector 4.
The collector 4 is provided with a solar cell panel 5 which provides a non-power-off function for the collector 4, the collector 4 is connected with the support through bolts, the collector 4 is powered by solar energy, data storage and remote transmission are achieved, the collection time interval, the collection parameter types and the like can be adjusted according to actual needs, the ultrasonic water level sensor 8 is fixed at the top end of the support, dynamic water depth changes of cross-section water flow can be measured in real time, the EC sensor 6 can move up and down below the collector 4, the EC value is calculated according to the conductivity of water, and therefore the fertilizer liquid concentration state of the water flow is reflected, the bottom plate 1 is provided with a fixing hole 7, and field installation and fixation are facilitated.
Example 2
With reference to fig. 1-3, a monitoring system for the water flow state of a fine irrigation surface comprises a bracket, a collector 4, an ultrasonic water level sensor 8 and an EC sensor 6 which are connected with the collector 4, wherein the collector 4 comprises a main control circuit board and a driving circuit board which are in communication connection, the EC sensor 6 and the ultrasonic water level sensor 8 are both connected to the main control circuit board, the main control circuit board comprises a CY8C29466 type main control microcontroller with a communication module, the main control microcontroller selects a single chip microcomputer with an expansion main and auxiliary device function as a control core, the main control microcontroller sends instructions received by the communication module and data collected by the EC sensor 6 and the ultrasonic water level sensor 8 to a PLC controller, the driving circuit board comprises a P89LPC934 type single chip microcomputer with a PWM boosting module, the single chip microcomputer receives signals fed back by an electromagnetic valve arranged at a water flow outlet end and performs charging management on a solar cell panel, the single chip microcomputer generates PWM pulses to increase voltage to drive the electromagnetic valve to be opened and closed.
Example 3
With reference to fig. 1-4, a system for monitoring the water flow state of a fine irrigation surface comprises a bracket, a collector 4, an ultrasonic water level sensor 8 and an EC sensor 6 which are connected with the collector 4, wherein both the ultrasonic water level sensor 8 and the EC sensor 6 are electrically connected with the collector 4, and the collector 4 is connected with a control center through a PLC controller.
The method comprises the steps of uniformly selecting a plurality of measuring points in a ridge field, fixing a monitoring system in each measuring point, opening a valve of an irrigation device, enabling irrigation water to flow to each measuring point in the ridge field, sending acquired data to a computer of a control center through a PLC (programmable logic controller), estimating soil infiltration parameters by the control center through a ground irrigation model, predicting an irrigation process, carrying out optimization decision according to a selected irrigation control target, transmitting an optimal scheme to the PLC, issuing an instruction to irrigation water flow control equipment by the PLC, automatically operating the irrigation water flow control equipment according to the instruction, and constructing an accurate ridge irrigation process real-time feedback control system by taking irrigation information real-time acquisition and transmission equipment as a supporting condition, taking a computer processing system as a control center foundation and taking the irrigation water flow control equipment as an application condition.
Example 4
The signal frequency F (Hz) of the pulse signal of the acquisition sensor of the acquisition device meets the following conditions: f =0.32 × Q-9.82, wherein Q represents the flow rate of water (ml/s) and Q satisfies: q = L/t, where L represents the amount of water flowing past the sensor in a single furrow (ml/s) and t represents the total time for the water flow to go from on to off(s).
In the propelling process of the water flow, when the water flow front is propelled to a certain distance x, the unit ridge width is as follows: qt = Vh+VzIn which V ish、VzThe water storage capacity and infiltration capacity (L) of the ground surface on the unit ridge width are respectively.
Surface water storage VhSatisfies the following conditions: vh=σhhx, where h denotes the depth of water (mm), σ, measured by the ultrasonic level sensorhIs the surface water storage form factor.
The method comprises the steps of collecting irrigation information in real time in the irrigation process of the ridged field to be controlled, optimizing and reversely solving soil infiltration parameters and coefficients by utilizing part of the irrigation information, predicting the irrigation process of the ridged field to be controlled, optimizing and deciding the optimal irrigation time or ridge inflow flow before the ridged field is irrigated, implementing feedback control, improving the ground irrigation field irrigation management level, and reducing the situations of insufficient irrigation or excessive irrigation caused by invalid water abandon and unreasonable irrigation time in the field irrigation process.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and substitutions made within the scope of the present invention should be included.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a meticulous irrigation surface water flow state monitoring system which characterized in that: including support, collector (4), ultrasonic water level sensor (8) and EC sensor (6) of connecting collector (4), the support includes backup pad (2), bottom plate (1) and roof (3) of perpendicular joint support board (2) respectively, roof (3) are located in collector (4) and one side of keeping away from backup pad (2), ultrasonic water level sensor (8) are located roof (3) towards the one end of backup pad (2), are kept away from one side of collector (4), EC sensor (6) run through roof (3) and are connected to collector (4), collector (4) are all connected in ultrasonic water level sensor (8) and EC sensor (6), collector (4) are through PLC controller connection control center.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: the two ends of the supporting plate (2) are respectively welded with the bottom plate (1) and the top plate (3), and the collector (4) is connected with the top plate (3) through bolts.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: and a solar cell panel (5) for providing a power failure function for the collector (4) is arranged on the collector (4).
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: the bottom plate (1) is provided with 2-4 fixing holes (7) for field installation and fixation.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: collector (4) are including communication connection's main control circuit board and drive circuit board, EC sensor (6) and ultrasonic wave water level sensor (8) all are connected to main control circuit board.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the system comprises: the master control circuit board comprises a master control microcontroller with a communication module, and the master control microcontroller sends instructions received by the communication module and data collected by the EC sensor (6) and the ultrasonic water level sensor (8) to the PLC.
7. The system of claim 5, wherein the system comprises: the driving circuit board comprises a single chip microcomputer with a PWM boosting module, the single chip microcomputer receives signals fed back by the electromagnetic valve and conducts charging management on the solar cell panel, and the single chip microcomputer generates PWM pulses to boost voltage to drive the electromagnetic valve to be opened and closed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010671778.0A CN111765925A (en) | 2020-07-14 | 2020-07-14 | Fine irrigation surface water flow state monitoring system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010671778.0A CN111765925A (en) | 2020-07-14 | 2020-07-14 | Fine irrigation surface water flow state monitoring system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114208643A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-22 | 河海大学 | Trench irrigation self-adaptive flow regulation and control system and method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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