CN111765918B - Moisture test calibration device and method under ultra-wide temperature - Google Patents
Moisture test calibration device and method under ultra-wide temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN111765918B CN111765918B CN202010534773.3A CN202010534773A CN111765918B CN 111765918 B CN111765918 B CN 111765918B CN 202010534773 A CN202010534773 A CN 202010534773A CN 111765918 B CN111765918 B CN 111765918B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of testing of sensors, and relates to a moisture testing and calibrating device and method under the condition of ultra-wide temperature; comprises a mass flow controller (2), a pressure measuring device (3), an air drying chamber (4), a pre-saturated water air chamber (5), a temperature sensor (6), a pressure attenuation valve (7), a T-shaped tee joint (8), a moisture measuring chamber (9), a heat exchanger (11) and a saturated water air chamber (12); based on the characteristics of 2 paths of carriers with different moisture contents, the invention realizes the arbitrary configuration of moisture within an ultra-wide temperature range in a constant temperature bath environment, and can generate a constant moisture environment within a temperature range of (-90-100) DEG C; the uncertainty is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of testing of sensors, and relates to a moisture testing and calibrating device and method under an ultra-wide temperature condition, which can be used for testing and calibrating a sonde, an oil moisture sensor and a humidity sensor.
Background
Moisture (or air humidity type) sensors based on a high polymer film capacitance mechanism are widely applied and are commonly used in the fields of sondes, air humidity, oil moisture detection and the like. The environmental carrier of the moisture can be hydrogen, nitrogen, natural gas, air, mineral oil and the like, for convenience of mechanism description, the moisture carrier described by the invention is air (equal to air humidity at this time), and the moisture synthesis under other carrier conditions only needs to be changed by changing the type of the moisture carrier.
The device can be used for testing and calibrating moisture at present, and measurement with wide temperature range and high precision is difficult to realize. For example: the domestic JKZ1 detection box provides temperature (5-40) DEG C. A domestic humidity generator UCE-10, the temperature range is (5-50) DEG C. The constant temperature and humidity box KMH-408L can provide a temperature range of (-72-180) DEG C, but has poor stability +/-2% RH, a small range (20% -98%) RH (influenced by temperature) and poor humidity range control.
The humidity sensor calibration box disclosed in patent CN103591976A uses a humidity source to generate humidity, and the humidity source in such a condition cannot be used in low temperature environment due to the problem of icing of the humidity source.
The invention content is as follows:
the purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a moisture test calibration device and method under an ultra-wide temperature.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a moisture test calibration device under super wide temperature, includes mass flow controller 2, pressure measurement device 3, air drying chamber 4, presaturation air chamber 5, temperature sensor 6, pressure attenuation valve 7, T type tee bend 8, moisture measuring chamber 9, heat exchanger 11, saturated air chamber 12, and dry air 1 divides two parts to get into the device through mass flow controller 2: wherein, the part 1 enters an air drying chamber 4 to obtain anhydrous air with the moisture close to zero, and the part 2 enters a pre-saturated water air chamber 5 to obtain pre-saturated water vapor obtained by primary temperature and moisture treatment; the pre-saturated water is treated by a saturated water air chamber 12, mixed with anhydrous air by a pressure attenuation valve 7 and a T-shaped tee joint 8 and then enters a measuring chamber 9.
The pre-saturated moisture chamber 5 and the saturated water air chamber 12, the air drying chamber 4 and the heat exchanger 11, the pressure attenuation valve 7 and the mass flow controller 2, the moisture test chamber 9, the pressure measurement device 3 and the temperature sensor 6 are respectively subjected to sealing test before use.
The dry air 1 is in direct contact with the ice/water mixture surface in the pre-saturated water air chamber 5, ensuring that the temperature of the air entering the saturated water air chamber 12 is slightly higher than the temperature in the thermostatic bath.
The temperature of the mixed air is reduced to the measurement temperature through a heat exchanger 11 before the pre-saturated water vapor and the anhydrous air are mixed and enter the measurement chamber 9.
The heat exchanger 11 is immersed in a thermostatic bath of ethanol.
The air temperature in the air outlet pipe of the heat exchanger 11 is kept in equilibrium with the air temperature from the saturated water air chamber 12 and the ethanol temperature in the constant temperature bath.
The pressure attenuation valve 7 is provided with a surface seal, the diameter of a connecting hole connected with the saturated water air chamber 12 is 1mm +/-0.1 mm, and the pressure difference is 20 hPa.
The mass flow controller 2 controls the mixing ratio of the air fluid.
The moisture measuring chamber 9 is composed of two parts: one part is a cavity for measuring the oil moisture of the sensor to be measured, the sonde and the humidity sensor, and the other part is a cavity for an electronic device of the sensor to be measured; the two parts are separated from the interior by a single seal ensuring one-way venting of excess air from the moisture measuring chamber 9 through the air outlet 10.
The test method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) adjusting the target temperature of the pre-test calibration moisture, and adjusting the constant temperature equipment to enable the temperature sensor 6 to reach the required target temperature;
2) after the temperature of the temperature sensor 6 is stable, the dry air 1 is input into a moisture test calibration device;
3) the drying air 1 is divided into two parts, and each part can independently test and control the air flow through the air mass flow controller 2;
4) the 1 st part of air passes through an air drying chamber 4 to extract moisture in the air and dry the air;
5) the 2 nd part of air is subjected to water vapor pretreatment through an air pre-saturated water gas chamber 5;
6) the air treated in the step 5) passes through a saturated water chamber 12, saturated saline solution can be frozen at low temperature, and water vapor passes through the surface of the saturated saline solution to generate constant water vapor with constant moisture value;
7) after the 1 st air passes through the heat exchanger 11, the two parts of air of the heat exchanger 11 and the saturated moisture chamber 12 are in constant temperature tanks with the same temperature, and the temperatures of the two parts of air are consistent;
8) the constant water vapor passing through the saturated moisture chamber 12 is mixed with the anhydrous air in the moisture testing chamber 9 after the pressure is attenuated by the pressure attenuation valve 7;
9) moisture test chamber 9 is finally connected with part 1 and part 2 through T-shaped tee joint 8.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: based on the characteristics of 2 paths of carriers with different moisture contents, the invention realizes the arbitrary configuration of moisture within an ultra-wide temperature range in a constant temperature bath environment. Compared with other products and patents, the invention has the main characteristics that:
1) can generate a constant moisture environment within the temperature range of (-90-100) DEG C;
2) the uncertainty is low, taking the air carrier water as an example, the uncertainty of 0.05% RH can be realized at the lowest.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the operation of the apparatus of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention
Wherein: the device comprises a dry air 1, a mass flow controller 2, a pressure measuring device 3, an air drying chamber 4, a pre-saturated water air chamber 5, a temperature sensor 6, a pressure attenuation valve 7, a heat exchanger 8, a T-shaped tee joint 8, a measuring chamber 9, an air outlet 10, a heat exchanger 11 and a saturated water air chamber 12
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, a moisture test calibration device at an ultra-wide temperature includes a mass flow controller 2, a pressure measurement device 3, an air drying chamber 4, a pre-saturated water air chamber 5, a temperature sensor 6, a pressure attenuation valve 7, a T-shaped tee joint 8, a moisture measurement chamber 9, a heat exchanger 11, and a saturated water air chamber 12, wherein dry air 1 enters the device through the mass flow controller 2 in two parts: wherein, the part 1 enters the air drying chamber 4 to obtain anhydrous air with nearly zero moisture, and the part 2 enters the pre-saturated water air chamber 5 to obtain pre-saturated water vapor obtained through preliminary temperature and moisture treatment. The presaturation water vapor is processed by a saturated water gas chamber 12, then passes through a pressure attenuation valve 7, is mixed with anhydrous air by a T-shaped tee joint 8, and then enters a measuring chamber 9. The structure of the saturated water gas chamber 12 is the same as that of the heat exchanger 8, saturated water gas is stored at high temperature, and frozen saturated salt solution or ice is arranged on the pipe wall of the saturated water gas chamber 12 at low temperature. The part 1 dry air is dried by the air drying chamber 4, and then enters the heat exchanger 8 to reach temperature equilibrium and then enters the moisture testing chamber 9. The heat exchanger 8 is used to ensure that the temperature of the drying gas is consistent with the temperature of the constant moisture. After the saturated water chamber 9, even if the moisture content of the anhydrous gas portion to be mixed is low, condensation at a low temperature is possible, and the use of the pressure-damping valve 7 can avoid the condensation.
Firstly, each part of the whole device is respectively subjected to metering test, and mainly comprises a pre-saturated moisture chamber 5, a saturated moisture chamber 12, an air drying chamber 4, a heat exchanger 11, a pressure attenuation valve 7, a mass flow controller 2, a moisture testing chamber 9, a pressure measuring device 3 and a temperature sensor 6.
(I) Pre-saturated moisture chamber 5 and saturated moisture chamber 12
The constant moisture generation can be seen as the formation of incoming drying air 1 after passing through the pre-saturation moisture chamber 5 and the heat exchanger 11 and the saturated moisture chamber 12. The drying air cools the gas to the pre-saturation temperature and removes most of the excess water vapor. The dry air 1 is directly connected with the ice/water low-temperature ice in the pre-saturated water air chamber 5 and the surface of the liquid mixture at normal temperature and high temperature, so that the temperature of the air entering the saturated water air chamber 12 is slightly higher than the temperature in the constant-temperature bath.
Pre-saturated water gas chamber 5: to prevent air having a dew point temperature higher than the target dew point temperature of the saturated water chamber from entering the saturated water chamber for lowering the constant temperature bath temperature and excess water vapor to condensation.
(II) air drying chamber 4 and Heat exchanger 11
The dry air 1 is air containing only a small amount of moisture.
The means for extracting excess moisture from the drying air may employ multiple stages of desiccants or air dryers such as: MC400, working temperature can reach-90 ℃. Since this device absorbs water molecules, its efficiency of removing water molecules decreases as the absorption becomes saturated with water molecules. To a certain extent, the efficiency of the device for extracting the drying air is reduced, and re-drying or replacement use is required.
The drying air 1 after passing through the air drying chamber 4 is theoretically anhydrous air without water molecules. The air is lowered to the measurement temperature by means of a heat exchanger 11 before the gas mixture proceeds into the measurement chamber 9. The air flows through the spiral heat exchanger 11 immersed in the thermostatic bath of the ethanol bath to remove the water-free air, thereby achieving the purpose of temperature reduction.
The air temperature in the air outlet pipe of the anhydrous air heat exchanger 11 is kept in equilibrium with the air temperature from the saturated water air chamber 12 and the ethanol temperature in the constant temperature bath.
(III) pressure damping valve 7 and Mass flow controller 2
The pressure attenuation valve 7 is provided with a surface seal, the diameter of a connecting hole connected with the saturated water air chamber 12 is 1mm +/-0.1 mm, and the pressure attenuation valve is used for slightly reducing the pressure generated in an air outlet pipe of the saturated water air chamber 12, and the pressure difference is about 20 hPa.
The mixing ratio of the air fluid is controlled by two mass flow controllers 2 installed before the saturated water chamber 12 and the air drying chamber 4.
(IV) moisture measuring chamber 9 and air outlet 10
The moisture measuring chamber 9 is composed of two parts: one part is a cavity for measuring the oil moisture of the sensor to be measured, the sonde and the humidity sensor, and the other part is a cavity for an electronic device of the sensor to be measured; the two parts are separated from the inner part through a single seal, and the redundant air in the moisture measuring chamber 9 is ensured to be discharged in a single direction through the air outlet 10. The volume in the actual moisture measuring chamber 9 cavity can be reduced, and the electronic device part of the measuring sensor can be placed below the air outlet 10 in small volume. Keep apart electron device cavity and sensor cavity through commonly used check device such as pressure check valve, can reduce the volume in the 9 cavitys of actual moisture measuring chamber, little volume can realize reaching the equilibrium at very short stable equilibrium time for measurement parameter ware can quick response.
The measurement cavity is completely immersed in the thermostatic bath of the ethanol solvent, and the sensor electronic device cavity can not be immersed in the thermostatic bath, so that the electronic components are prevented from being influenced by high and low temperatures.
(V) pressure measuring device 3 and temperature sensor 6
For gaseous fluids, the damping of the tube wall results in a reduction in the gas pressure, resulting in a reduction in the water vapor pressure with a concomitant reduction in the amount of this gas. When the pressure difference is likely to affect the water vapor partial pressure in the moisture measuring chamber 9, the decrease in pressure needs to be quantitatively measured.
In order to avoid pressure dead zones in the measuring tube, such as the moisture saturation chamber 12, caused by icing, water vapour penetrates through the tube wall and affects the water vapour pressure in the system. The pressure is measured at the inlet of the saturated water chamber 12, at the inlet of the air drying chamber 11 and at the inlet of the moisture measuring chamber 9, using pressure sensors such as: vaisala's barometer PTB 330.
The temperature sensor 6 is used for monitoring the temperature of the working environment, and the working process is operated after the temperature sensor 6 is sufficiently stable.
The invention can generate constant moisture environment within the temperature range of-90 to 100 ℃; the uncertainty is low, taking the air carrier water as an example, the uncertainty of 0.05% RH can be realized at the lowest.
The air is used as a moisture carrier, and the configured humidity precision depends on the humidity ratio of the two paths of air mixed air. Partial pressure of water e in air according to the Dalton principlewEqual to the amount X of the total mass of water vaporwMultiplied by the pressure P of the air.
ew(td)f(p，td)＝χwP 1
Since air is a mixture, a factor f is used to correct for the interaction of water molecules with other molecules, the factor f being related to the pressure p and the temperature tdIt is related. According to the calculation formula provided by Hardy and Sonntag, the invention can be used for measuring the moisture content X after mixingwAnd (6) performing calculation.
The moisture regulating and controlling device mixes two paths of air with different water contents, and the moisture content of the mixed air is as follows:
where G1 and G2 are the two injected air streams and m' is the two air stream mass flow rate. The mixing ratio of the components r after mixing is determined by the known molecular weight relationshipwIt can be calculated that:
in the formula MwAnd MgThe molecular mass of water molecules and air, respectively.
The invention is carried out by mixing under different pressures and under the condition of controlling temperature. The specific method comprises the following steps:
the device work flow diagram is shown in figure 1.
[1] Adjusting the target temperature of the pre-test calibration moisture, and adjusting the constant temperature equipment to enable the temperature sensor 6 to reach the required target temperature;
[2] after the temperature of the temperature sensor 6 is stable, dry air 1 is input into a moisture test calibration device and contains gases such as pure nitrogen, oxygen and the like;
[3] the drying air 1 is divided into two parts, each part can be independently tested and controlled by the air mass flow controller 2, and the air flow of each part can be controlled;
[4] the drying air 1 is divided into two portions, and the air of the 1 st portion is extracted from the moisture in the air through the air drying chamber 4, and can be dried by using a multi-stage drying agent or an air dryer such as MC 400. The air passing through the air drying chamber 4 is ideally zero in moisture and becomes anhydrous air.
[5] The 2 nd part of air is subjected to moisture pretreatment by an air pre-saturated water air chamber 5. The pre-saturated water air chamber 5 is used for preheating air, so that the temperature of the air is closer to that of the rear end, and low-temperature air condensation is avoided;
[6] part 2 of the air passes through a saturated brine chamber 12 where saturated brine freezes at low temperatures and the water passes over the surface of the saturated brine. When the water vapor passes through the surface of the frozen saturated salt solution, the saturated water gas chamber 12 is spirally frozen to ensure a long enough frozen area, so that the ice surface and the water vapor fully reach thermal balance to generate constant water vapor with constant water content value;
[7] after the part 1 air passes through the heat exchanger 11, the heat exchanger 11 and the saturated moisture chamber 12 are both in a constant temperature tank with the same temperature, and the temperatures of the two parts of air are the same;
[8] the constant moisture passing through the saturated moisture chamber 12 is mixed with the anhydrous air in the moisture test chamber 9 after the pressure is attenuated by the pressure attenuation valve 7. It is also necessary to prevent the low-temperature condensation of moisture in spite of the presence of anhydrous air. The pressure attenuation valve 7 mainly has the functions of reducing the total mass of constant water and avoiding the low-temperature condensation phenomenon in a moisture test chamber;
[9] moisture test chamber 9 is finally connected with part 1 and part 2 through T-shaped tee joint 8. The moisture test chamber 9 is typically small in volume to achieve rapid moisture equilibration. The moisture test chamber 9 can be provided with test samples such as a calibration sensor, a standard sensor, a temperature sensor and the like.
Claims (10)
1. A moisture test calibration device under an ultra-wide temperature is characterized by comprising a mass flow controller (2), a pressure measuring device (3), an air drying chamber (4), a pre-saturated water air chamber (5), a temperature sensor (6), a pressure attenuation valve (7), a T-shaped tee joint (8), a moisture measuring chamber (9), a heat exchanger (11) and a saturated water air chamber (12); dry air (1) enters the device in two parts via a mass flow controller (2): wherein, the 1 st part enters an air drying chamber (4) to obtain anhydrous air with the moisture close to zero, and the 2 nd part enters a pre-saturated water air chamber (5) to obtain pre-saturated water vapor; pre-saturated water vapor is treated by a saturated water gas chamber (12), then is mixed with anhydrous air by a pressure attenuation valve (7) and a T-shaped tee joint (8), and then enters a measuring chamber (9); the structure of the saturated water gas chamber (12) is the same as that of the heat exchanger (8), saturated water gas is stored at high temperature, and frozen saturated salt solution or ice is arranged on the pipe wall of the saturated water gas chamber (12) at low temperature; the anhydrous air after the part (1) of dry air is dried in the air drying chamber (4) enters the heat exchanger (8) to reach temperature balance and then enters the moisture testing chamber (9); the heat exchanger (8) is used for ensuring the temperature of the drying gas is consistent with the temperature of the constant water vapor.
2. The moisture test calibration device at the ultra-wide temperature as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the pre-saturated water air chamber (5) and the saturated water air chamber (12), the air drying chamber (4) and the heat exchanger (11), the pressure attenuation valve (7) and the mass flow controller (2), the moisture test chamber (9), the pressure measurement device (3) and the temperature sensor (6) are respectively subjected to sealing test before use.
3. Moisture test calibration arrangement at ultra-wide temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that the dry air (1) is in direct contact with the ice/water mixture surface in the pre-saturated water air chamber (5), ensuring that the air temperature entering the saturated water air chamber (12) is slightly higher than the temperature in the thermostatic bath.
4. The moisture test calibration device at the ultra-wide temperature as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the temperature of the mixed air is reduced to the measurement temperature by a heat exchanger (11) before the pre-saturated water vapor and the anhydrous air are mixed and enter the measurement chamber (9).
5. Moisture test calibration arrangement at ultra-wide temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchanger (11) is immersed in a thermostatic bath of an ethanol bath.
6. The moisture test calibration device at the ultra-wide temperature as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the air temperature in the air outlet pipe of the heat exchanger (11) is kept in equilibrium with the air temperature from the saturated water air chamber (12) and the ethanol temperature in the thermostatic bath.
7. The moisture test calibration device at the ultra-wide temperature as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the pressure attenuation valve (7) has a face seal, the diameter of a connecting hole connected with the saturated water air chamber (12) is 1mm ± 0.1mm, and the pressure difference is 20 hPa.
8. The ultra-wide temperature moisture test calibration device as recited in claim 1, wherein said mass flow controller (2) controls a mixing ratio of the air-fluid.
9. Moisture test calibration arrangement at ultra-wide temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that the moisture measuring chamber (9) is made up of two parts: one part is used for providing a measuring cavity for a measured sensor, and the other part is used for providing an electronic device cavity for the measured sensor; the two parts are separated from the inner part through single sealing, and redundant air in the moisture measuring chamber (9) is ensured to be discharged in one direction through the air outlet (10).
10. The method for testing the calibration device for moisture testing at an ultra-wide temperature as recited in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
1) adjusting the target temperature of the pre-test calibration moisture, and adjusting the constant temperature equipment to enable the temperature sensor (6) to reach the target temperature;
2) after the temperature of the temperature sensor (6) is stable, dry air (1) is input into a moisture test calibration device;
3) the drying air (1) is divided into two parts, and each part independently controls the air flow through the test of an air mass flow controller (2);
4) the 1 st part of air is dried by taking moisture out of the air through an air drying chamber (4);
5) the 2 nd part of air is subjected to water vapor pretreatment through an air pre-saturated water gas chamber (5);
6) the air treated in the step 5) passes through a saturated saline solution chamber (12), saturated saline solution is frozen at low temperature, and the water vapor passes through the surface of the saturated saline solution to generate constant water vapor with constant moisture value;
7) after the 1 st air passes through the heat exchanger (11), the two air parts of the heat exchanger (11) and the saturated moisture chamber (12) are in constant temperature tanks with the same temperature, and the temperatures of the two air parts are consistent;
8) constant water vapor passing through the saturated moisture chamber (12) is mixed with anhydrous air in the moisture testing chamber (9) after pressure is attenuated by the pressure attenuation valve (7);
9) the moisture test chamber (9) is finally connected with the water and gas of the 1 st part and the 2 nd part through a T-shaped tee joint (8).
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| CN101598579A (en) * | 2009-06-18 | 2009-12-09 | 深圳大学 | A kind of system and method for testing and labeling monitoring device of transportation of hazardous chemicals |
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| CN111765918A (en) | 2020-10-13 |
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