CN111764960B - Coal mining separation layer water damage prevention and control method - Google Patents
Coal mining separation layer water damage prevention and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111764960B CN111764960B CN202010825017.6A CN202010825017A CN111764960B CN 111764960 B CN111764960 B CN 111764960B CN 202010825017 A CN202010825017 A CN 202010825017A CN 111764960 B CN111764960 B CN 111764960B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000606860 Pasteurella Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 31
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006578 abscission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003657 drainage water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for preventing and controlling water damage of a coal mining separation layer, which relates to the technical field of mine geology and comprises the following steps: mining and geological parameters are obtained before coal mining; designing a directional drilling implementation area before coal mining; carrying out directional drilling and perforating; carrying out perforation grouting after perforation; sealing and grouting after perforating and grouting; implementing aquifer observation holes on the ground after directional drilling and hole sealing; coal mining and drainage and supplementary grouting are carried out according to aquifer observation; no water damage occurs during coal mining. The method is simple and easy to implement; the influence on the environment is small; the water inflow amount of a mine can be reduced, the drainage burden is reduced, and the safety is higher; the grouting slurry is lower in quantity and price and is economical and reasonable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mine geology, in particular to a method for preventing and controlling coal mining separation layer water damage.
Background
Coal mining is affected by a variety of disasters, of which water damage is an important one. The mine water damage comprises a roof, a bottom plate, a separation layer, an old goaf and the like, wherein the separation layer water damage has great research significance on a great prevention and treatment technology due to the sudden property, great prevention and treatment difficulty and great harmfulness. At present, although various coal mining separation layer water damage prevention technologies exist, the following problems exist:
1) the technology for preventing and controlling the water inrush in the abscission layer mainly comprises drainage, and the drainage of the aquifer can cause environmental problems such as ecological environment degradation, water resource waste, ground settlement and the like;
2) after the drainage water is mostly drained from coal, the drilling of holes in the broken rock mass after mining is very difficult to implement, and the construction difficulty is high;
3) the quantity of drained water is increased, and when the working surfaces of a coal mine are increased, the drainage burden of the whole mine is huge, and subsequent potential safety hazards exist;
4) grouting plugging difficulty is huge, grouting effect can be reduced in the coal mining process, and if the coal is repaired after mining, the construction amount is huge, and the coal mining method is unreasonable in economy.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a coal mining separation layer water damage prevention and control method which is simple and easy to implement; the influence on the environment is small; the water inflow amount of a mine can be reduced, the drainage burden is reduced, and the safety is higher; the grouting slurry is lower in quantity and price and is economical and reasonable.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a coal mining separation layer water damage prevention method comprises the following steps:
1) obtaining mining and geological parameters before coal mining: obtaining a periodic pressure step distance D of coal mining through a simulation experiment, obtaining the thickness of each rock stratum above the coal seam through a drilling histogram, and obtaining the uniaxial compressive strength of each rock stratum above the coal seam through a sampling test;
2) designing a directional drilling implementation area before coal mining: recording a rock stratum L which has the thickness more than or equal to 20 meters and has the largest uniaxial compressive strength difference with an adjacent rock stratum below in rock strata above a coal seam through the step 1); the directional drilling implementation layer is 1-3 m above a bottom plate of the rock stratum L, the distance between every two adjacent directional drilling holes is less than or equal to 20 m, and the distance between the two outermost directional drilling holes and two roadways of the coal face is within 3-5 m of the horizontal projection of the implementation layer;
3) directional drilling and perforation are carried out: performing directional drilling construction according to the design of the step 2), and performing perforation at the implementation layer position;
4) performing perforation grouting after perforation: grouting after perforation, wherein the components of the grouting slurry are loess slurry and microorganism slurry, the mass ratio of the loess slurry to the microorganism slurry is 2-3: 1, the microorganism slurry consists of microorganism liquid and nutrient solution, the microorganism liquid is pasteurella bacillus liquid, and the mass ratio of the nutrient solution to pasteurella bacillus liquid is 2-3: 1;
5) hole sealing and grouting are carried out after perforation and grouting: the hole sealing grouting material consists of a slow release capsule, cement and a glass fiber tube, wherein a nutrient solution is arranged in the slow release capsule, a mixture of a microbial bacterium solution and the nutrient solution is arranged in the glass fiber tube, and the slow release capsule is blocked by polyurethane, the microbial bacterium solution is a pasteurella bacillus solution, and the mass ratio of the nutrient solution to the pasteurella bacillus solution is 1: 1-2;
6) implementing an aquifer observation hole on the ground after directional drilling and hole sealing: after directional drilling and hole sealing, constructing an aquifer observation hole on the ground, wherein the observation layer is an aquifer above a rock stratum L, water level observation equipment is buried in the observation hole, the frequency of water level monitoring is 1-10 h/time, the observation hole is arranged along the trend of a coal face, and 1 drill hole is arranged in the range of a pressure step D in each coal mining period;
7) coal mining and water drainage and supplementary grouting are carried out according to aquifer observation: after the observation hole is implemented, coal mining is carried out, the coal mining is carried out until the pressure range is within each period of pressure, the observation hole in the range is observed, if the water level observed by the observation hole continuously drops, a supplementary grouting hole is implemented beside the observation hole, drilling is stopped when the supplementary grouting hole reveals a separation layer, water in the separation layer is firstly extracted, water pumping is stopped when the water pumping amount drops to 10% -30% of the maximum water pumping amount, cement grout is injected, the cement grout is injected until the water level of the observation hole does not drop any more, and then the coal mining is continued;
8) no water damage occurs during coal mining.
Further, the specific operation of directional drilling in step 2) is as follows: the directional drilling is implemented from the ground, and is changed into a nearly horizontal direction at an implementation layer position after deflecting, and the extending direction of the directional drilling at the implementation layer position is the trend of a coal face.
Further, in the step 3), the perforation direction is vertical upwards.
Further, the nutrient solution in the step 4) and the step 5) is prepared from urea and CaCl2The solution consists of 1: 1-2 by mass.
Further, the mass ratio of the loess and the water of the loess slurry in the step 4) is 1-2: 1.
Further, in the step 5), the pH value of the cement is 7-10, and the slow release capsule and the glass fiber tube account for 20-40% of the total weight of the hole sealing grouting material, wherein the mass ratio of the slow release capsule to the glass fiber tube is 1-2: 1.
(III) advantageous effects
The process of coal mining causing the water damage of the separation layer comprises 3 steps, the first separation layer is formed, accumulated water is formed in the second separation layer, and the third separation layer is broken to discharge the water into a stope to cause the water damage. The formation of the separation layer is caused by the inconsistent deformation between soft rock and hard rock, so that the modification of the area which is most easy to generate the separation layer by directional drilling is key. The formation of the separation layer is caused by the huge mine pressure of coal mining, and hard rocks can be damaged, so that cement cannot be simply injected for reinforcement, and accumulated water is blocked as far as possible after the formation of the separation layer. The directional drilling is carried out for perforating and grouting, loess slurry which is not high in strength but strong in water resistance is injected, and meanwhile, microorganism slurry is injected, loess is easy to deform, and the microorganism slurry can be mineralized and repaired in cracks generated when strain exceeds the limit.
The position of directional hole sealing of boring is the area of falling after the absciss layer is produced, have some can fall in the absciss layer space, the part of falling can receive power influence, the glass fiber pipe of the inside can break, can release active microbial community after the glass fiber breaks, and the nutrient solution of slow release then provides the basis of breeding for it lasts, the microorganism can consolidate broken ground body in the absciss layer space like this, make the absciss layer can transmit other rock masses through the broken body in the time of the third part breakage theoretically, the power of gushing water has been reduced, reduce the controllable within range with the instantaneous water inflow in the mine. And special construction areas exist in part of areas, water blocking failure is possible, the observation holes can continuously descend, and drainage and supplementary grouting can be performed before the coming of periodic pressure to effectively control the unstable factors.
The method for preventing and controlling the coal mining separation layer water damage is simple and easy to implement; the influence on the environment is small; the water inflow amount of a mine can be reduced, the drainage burden is reduced, and the safety is higher; the grouting slurry is lower in quantity and price and is economical and reasonable.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed for the embodiment or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for preventing and controlling coal mining delamination water damage.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
in a coal seam No. 4 of a certain coal mine, huge thickness rocky river sandstone is arranged above a 4101 coal face (the trend is 150 meters long and is 780 meters long), separation layer water damage is easy to generate, and in order to prevent the separation layer water damage, the following steps are adopted to prevent the coal mining separation layer water damage:
the method comprises the following steps: obtaining mining and geological parameters before coal mining: and establishing a numerical similarity model according to geological data, and obtaining the periodic pressure step D of coal mining as 28 meters through a simulation experiment. And obtaining the thickness of each rock stratum above the coal seam through the drilling histogram, and obtaining the uniaxial compressive strength of each rock stratum above the coal seam through sampling test. The thickness and the uniaxial compressive strength of each rock stratum are respectively 5 meters (26.3MPa), 7 meters (32.8MPa), 22 meters (43.3MPa), 11 meters (22.1MPa), 18 meters (37.7MPa), 33 meters (46.5MPa), 32 meters (41.0MPa), 28 meters (43.7MPa), 14 meters (21.3MPa), 93 meters (48.9MPa), 22 meters (44.2MPa) and 18 meters (41.3MPa) from bottom to top;
step two: designing a directional drilling implementation area before coal mining: recording the 10 th rock stratum L with the thickness more than or equal to 20 meters in rock stratums above a coal seam and the largest uniaxial compressive strength difference value with the adjacent rock stratum below, wherein the implementation layer of directional drilling is 1-3 meters above the bottom plate of the rock stratum L, the directional drilling is implemented from the ground, the implementation layer is changed into the nearly horizontal direction after deflecting, the extending direction of the directional drilling at the implementation layer is the trend of a coal face, the distance between the adjacent directional drilling is less than or equal to 20 meters, and 8 directional drilling holes are implemented in total within the range of 3-5 meters of the horizontal projection of the implementation layer from the two roadways of the outermost two directional drilling holes to the coal face.
Step three: carrying out directional drilling and perforating; and (5) performing directional drilling construction according to the design of the step two, and performing perforation at the implementation layer position. The perforation direction is vertical and upward.
Step four: performing perforation grouting after perforation: grouting after perforation, wherein the grouting slurry comprises loess slurry and microorganism slurry, the mass ratio of the loess slurry to the microorganism slurry is 3:1, the mass ratio of soil to water of the loess slurry is 1.5:1, the microorganism slurry comprises microorganism liquid and nutrient solution, the microorganism liquid is pasteurella bacillus liquid, and the nutrient solution is urea and CaCl2The mass ratio of the solution, the nutrient solution and the pasteurella bacillus liquid is 2:1, and urea and CaCl are added2The mass ratio of the solution is 1: 1.5.
Step five: hole sealing and grouting are carried out after perforation and grouting: the hole sealing and grouting material is a mixture consisting of a slow release capsule, cement and a glass fiber tube. Wherein the sustained-release capsule is filled with nutrient solution comprising urea and CaCl2Solution, urea and CaCl2The mass ratio of the solution is 1: 1.5. The glass fiber tube is filled with microbial liquid and nutrient solution, and is sealed by polyurethane, wherein the microbial liquid is Papanicolaou bacillus liquid, and the nutrient solution is urea and CaCl2The mass ratio of the solution, the nutrient solution and the pasteurella bacillus liquid is 1:2, and urea and CaCl are added2The mass ratio of the solution is 1: 1.5. The pH value of the cement is 7-10. The sustained-release capsule and the glass fiber tube account for 30 percent of the total weight, wherein the mass ratio of the sustained-release capsule to the glass fiber tube is 1.5: 1.
Step six: implementing aquifer observation holes on the ground after directional drilling and hole sealing; and after the fifth step of directional drilling and hole sealing, constructing an aquifer observation hole on the ground, wherein the observation layer is an aquifer (11 th rock stratum and sand aquifer) above the rock stratum L. And water level observation equipment is buried in the observation hole, and the frequency of water level monitoring is 1-10 hours/time. The observation holes are arranged along the trend of the coal face, 1 drilling hole is arranged in the range of the pressure step distance D of each coal mining period, 27 observation holes are implemented in total, and the hole depth is 30-40 m.
Step seven: coal mining and water drainage and supplementary grouting are carried out according to aquifer observation: and after the observation hole is implemented, coal mining is carried out. And (3) observing the observation holes in the range when the coal is mined to the pressure range of each period, continuously reducing the water level observed by the 14 th observation hole, implementing a supplementary grouting hole beside the 14 th observation hole, stopping drilling when the supplementary grouting hole reveals a separation layer, firstly pumping water in the separation layer, stopping pumping water when the pumping amount is reduced to 10-30% of the maximum pumping amount, injecting cement grout, and injecting the cement grout until the water level of the observation holes is not reduced any more. Then, coal mining is continued.
Step eight: no water damage occurs during coal mining.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A coal mining separation layer water damage prevention method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) obtaining mining and geological parameters before coal mining: obtaining a periodic pressure step distance D of coal mining through a simulation experiment, obtaining the thickness of each rock stratum above the coal seam through a drilling histogram, and obtaining the uniaxial compressive strength of each rock stratum above the coal seam through a sampling test;
2) designing a directional drilling implementation area before coal mining: recording a rock stratum L which has the thickness more than or equal to 20 meters and has the largest uniaxial compressive strength difference with an adjacent rock stratum below in rock strata above a coal seam through the step 1); the directional drilling implementation layer is 1-3 m above a bottom plate of the rock stratum L, the distance between every two adjacent directional drilling holes is less than or equal to 20 m, and the distance between the two outermost directional drilling holes and two roadways of the coal face is within 3-5 m of the horizontal projection of the implementation layer;
3) directional drilling and perforation are carried out: performing directional drilling construction according to the design of the step 2), and performing perforation at the implementation layer position;
4) performing perforation grouting after perforation: grouting after perforation, wherein the components of the grouting slurry are loess slurry and microorganism slurry, the mass ratio of the loess slurry to the microorganism slurry is 2-3: 1, the microorganism slurry consists of microorganism liquid and nutrient solution, the microorganism liquid is pasteurella bacillus liquid, and the mass ratio of the nutrient solution to the pasteurella bacillus liquid is 2-3: 1;
5) hole sealing and grouting are carried out after perforation and grouting: the hole sealing grouting material consists of a slow release capsule, cement and a glass fiber tube, wherein a nutrient solution is arranged in the slow release capsule, a mixture of a microbial bacterium solution and the nutrient solution is arranged in the glass fiber tube and is blocked by polyurethane, the microbial bacterium solution is a pasteurella bacillus solution, and the mass ratio of the nutrient solution to the pasteurella bacillus solution is 1: 1-2;
6) implementing an aquifer observation hole on the ground after directional drilling and hole sealing: after directional drilling and hole sealing, constructing an aquifer observation hole on the ground, wherein the observation layer is an aquifer above a rock stratum L, water level observation equipment is buried in the observation hole, the frequency of water level monitoring is 1-10 h/time, the observation hole is arranged along the trend of a coal face, and 1 drill hole is arranged in the range of a pressure step D in each coal mining period;
7) coal mining and water drainage and supplementary grouting are carried out according to aquifer observation: after the observation hole is implemented, coal mining is carried out, the coal mining is carried out until the pressure range is within each period of pressure, the observation hole in the range is observed, if the water level observed by the observation hole continuously drops, a supplementary grouting hole is implemented beside the observation hole, drilling is stopped when the supplementary grouting hole reveals a separation layer, water in the separation layer is firstly extracted, water pumping is stopped when the water pumping amount drops to 10% -30% of the maximum water pumping amount, cement grout is injected, the cement grout is injected until the water level of the observation hole does not drop any more, and then the coal mining is continued;
8) no water damage occurs during coal mining.
2. The method for preventing and controlling the coal mining delamination water damage as recited in claim 1, wherein the specific operation of directional drilling in the step 2) is as follows: the directional drilling is implemented from the ground, and is changed into a nearly horizontal direction at an implementation layer position after deflecting, and the extending direction of the directional drilling at the implementation layer position is the trend of a coal face.
3. The method for preventing and controlling coal mining delamination water damage as recited in claim 1 in which in step 3), the direction of perforation is vertically upward.
4. The method for controlling coal mining delamination water damage as recited in claim 1 in which the nutrient solution in step 4) and step 5) is prepared from urea and CaCl2The solution consists of 1: 1-2 by mass.
5. The method for preventing and treating coal mining delamination water damage as recited in claim 1, wherein the loess slurry in the step 4) has a loess to water mass ratio of 1 to 2: 1.
6. The method for preventing and treating the water damage of the coal mining separation layer according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5), the pH value of the cement is 7-10, the slow release capsules and the glass fiber pipes account for 20-40% of the total weight of the hole sealing grouting material, and the mass ratio of the slow release capsules to the glass fiber pipes is 1-2: 1.
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| CN112780277B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2023-01-24 | 六盘水师范学院 | Coal seam floor fault water damage reinforcement prevention and control method |
| CN112881627B (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2022-09-27 | 六盘水师范学院 | Coal mine water inrush source distinguishing method based on microorganism test |
| CN114483172B (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-09-06 | 安徽理工大学 | Method for reducing subsidence by slip casting of overlying strata separation layer in shoe wearing and hat wearing manner |
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