CN111764891B - Drilling impact danger degree judging method and vibration collecting device adopted by same - Google Patents
Drilling impact danger degree judging method and vibration collecting device adopted by same Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 192
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
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- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of drilling impact risk judgment, and provides a drilling impact risk degree judgment method and a vibration acquisition device adopted by the same. The method comprises arranging a vibration acquisition device at one side in the drill hole; analyzing and calculating the collected vibration data to obtain the effective drilling time per meter of depth, the average amplitude per meter of depth and the occurrence number of vibration events; calculating an effective drilling time index I by the effective drilling time per meter depth 1 Calculating the drilling difficulty index I by the average amplitude per meter of depth 2 Calculating the pressure relief effect index I according to the occurrence number of the vibration events 3 (ii) a To effective drilling duration index I 1 Index of drilling difficulty I 2 And index of pressure relief effect I 3 Distributing the weight and accumulating to obtain the index I of the impact risk degree of the drilling 0 ，I 0 ＝K 1 I 1 +K 2 I 2 ‑K 3 I 3 (ii) a According to the drilling impact risk degree index I 0 And judging the impact risk degree of the drilling. The invention solves the problems of low accuracy, poor reliability and large engineering quantity of the existing judging method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling impact danger degree judgment, in particular to a drilling impact danger degree judgment method and a vibration acquisition device adopted by the drilling impact danger degree judgment method.
Background
Rock burst is one of the main factors influencing the safe and healthy development of mining industry worldwide, has the characteristics of strong burstiness, multiple influencing factors, strong contingency and the like, has extremely strong destructiveness, and can cause serious loss of life and property of mine personnel once the disaster happens. Therefore, it is an important measure to prevent a serious disaster accident in a mine by determining the impact risk degree of the drilling position and performing advance prediction.
Currently, there are two main types of methods for determining the impact risk degree of drilling, the first type is determined by theoretical calculation, such as "comprehensive index method", "probability index method", "multi-factor coupling evaluation", etc., and the second type is determined by actual data, and currently, this type of determination method is only one of "drilling cuttings method", but all of the methods have their respective limitations, and detailed analysis is as follows:
the comprehensive index method is a method for comprehensively analyzing the influence of various mining geological factors on the rock burst on the basis of analyzing various rock burst disasters, determining the influence weight of various factors, and then integrating the influence weights to establish rock burst risk evaluation and prediction. The comprehensive index method is obtained by means of experience and statistics, and is based on the analysis result of the rock burst disaster. While the occurrence of rock burst is extremely complicated, in actual conditions, accidents with similar occurrence reasons and conditions do exist, but the number of accidents is small, and in most cases, the occurrence reasons and trigger factors of rock burst are completely different.
The probability index method is a rock burst risk degree evaluation method based on mining stress and rock burst tendency. The method applies a fuzzy mathematical theory to calculate the membership degree of a certain stress state and an impact tendency index to 'rock burst occurrence', and further judges the possibility of the rock burst occurrence. The judgment basis of the probability index method is fuzzy mathematical theory and empirical data, so the accuracy of the judgment method is difficult to guarantee.
The occurrence of rock burst is somewhat dependent on the stress level in the mining area and a multi-factor coupled evaluation is developed using this. The final stress value is formed by superposing multiple factors such as self-weight stress, primary pressure and periodic pressure, square, roadway group, advanced bearing pressure coefficient, flexure, fault, roof characteristic (hard rock stratum) and the like. The stress increase coefficients of the factors are selected empirically, and the stress values obtained through final calculation are based on a plurality of empirical coefficients, so that the reliability is greatly reduced.
The drill cuttings method is a common inspection method for rock burst danger disclosure, and is characterized in that a drill hole with a certain diameter (usually 42 mm) is drilled, and the amount of drill cuttings generated per meter is measured to represent the stress concentration degree of a drilling position, and the basis of the method is that a linear relation exists between the stress value and the amount of drill cuttings. The drilling cutting amount adopted by the drilling cutting method is obtained based on the field drilling process, the judgment method based on actual data is superior to a judgment method based on theoretical calculation to a certain extent, but the drilling cutting method is greatly influenced by human factors in the drilling process and the weighing process, large errors are easy to generate, the judgment accuracy is adversely affected, and the workload of field workers is undoubtedly increased when a drill hole is specially drilled for judging the danger degree.
In conclusion, the existing method for judging the drilling impact danger degree has low accuracy, no guarantee on reliability and poor early warning effect, and can not effectively guide the mine drilling to carry out disaster protection.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is that the method for judging the drilling impact danger degree in the prior art is low in accuracy and has no guarantee on reliability, and the method for judging the drilling impact danger degree depends on-site data acquisition and is high in accuracy and reliability and the vibration acquisition device adopted by the method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a drilling impact risk degree judging method comprises the following steps:
arranging a vibration acquisition device at one side in a drill hole to acquire vibration data in the drilling construction process;
analyzing and calculating the vibration data to obtain effective drilling time per meter of depth, average amplitude per meter of depth and the occurrence number of vibration events;
step three, calculating an effective drilling time index I according to the effective drilling time per meter of depth 1 Calculating a drilling difficulty index I from said mean amplitude per meter depth 2 Calculating a pressure relief effect index I according to the occurrence number of the vibration events 3 ；
Step four, the effective drilling time length index I is subjected to 1 The index of difficulty in drilling I 2 And the pressure relief effect index I 3 Distributing the weight and accumulating to obtain the index I of the impact risk degree of the drilling 0 ，
I 0 ＝K 1 I 1 +K 2 I 2 -K 3 I 3
In the formula: i is 1 To effective drilling duration index, K 1 To an effective drilling duration weight coefficient, I 2 To index of difficulty in drilling, K 2 To weight the factors of difficulty in drilling, I 3 Is an index of pressure relief effect, K 3 Is a weight coefficient of the pressure relief effect;
step five, according to the drilling impact risk degree index I 0 And judging the drilling impact risk degree.
Preferably, in the second step, the drilling construction depth is calculated according to the vibration data, and the effective drilling duration per meter of depth, the average amplitude per meter of depth and the occurrence number of vibration events are calculated according to the drilling construction depth.
Preferably, the step of calculating the borehole construction depth from the seismic data comprises:
(1) deriving waveform signal data;
(2) converting the waveform signal into a digital signal;
(3) extracting a maximum value of the digital signal;
(4) identifying a shock event;
(5) removing the maximum amplitude of the vibration event;
(6) identifying variation characteristic parameters of the amplitude clusters, and combining partial amplitude clusters;
(7) and generating the drilling construction depth data.
Preferably, the third step includes:
a. presetting different punchesJudging a threshold value of effective drilling time per meter of the attack risk level and an index value of the effective drilling time corresponding to each effective drilling time judging threshold value, calculating an average value of the effective drilling time per meter of the current depth, comparing the average value of the effective drilling time per meter of the current depth with the judgment threshold value of the effective drilling time per meter, and obtaining an index I of the effective drilling time corresponding to the effective drilling time per meter of the current depth 1 ；
b. Presetting average amplitude judgment threshold values of different impact risk levels and the drilling difficulty index numerical values corresponding to the average amplitude judgment threshold values, comparing the current average amplitude of the depth per meter with the average amplitude judgment threshold value, and obtaining the drilling difficulty index I corresponding to the current average amplitude of the depth per meter 2 ；
c. Presetting a vibration event occurrence number judgment threshold value and the pressure relief effect index numerical value corresponding to each vibration event occurrence number judgment threshold value, comparing the current vibration event occurrence number with the vibration event occurrence number judgment threshold value, and obtaining the pressure relief effect index I corresponding to the current vibration event occurrence number 3 。
Preferably, the effective drilling time determination threshold, the average amplitude determination threshold and the vibration event occurrence number determination threshold are set by averaging according to a large number of previous statistical results.
Preferably, in the fifth step, drilling impact risk degree grades corresponding to different drilling impact risk degree indexes are preset, and the drilling impact risk degree index I is obtained according to the current calculation 0 And judging the drilling impact risk degree of the current drilling.
Preferably, in the step one, the vibration acquisition device is arranged before drilling construction, the vibration acquisition device acquires vibration data in the drilling construction process, and the vibration data acquisition is completed after the drilling construction is finished.
Preferably, the bore is a pressure relief bore.
The vibration acquisition device is arranged on one side in a drill hole and comprises an acquisition instrument and at least two moving coil sensors which are arranged at intervals, and the acquisition instrument is electrically connected with the moving coil sensors through transmission cables.
Preferably, the system comprises three moving coil sensors, and the three moving coil sensors are arranged on one side in the drill hole at intervals of 1 meter.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the method for judging the impact danger degree of the drill hole and the vibration collecting device adopted by the method, the vibration signal is collected in the pressure relief hole construction process, the impact danger degree of the drill hole is judged according to on-site collected data, the accuracy rate is higher compared with a theoretical calculation judging method, the reliability of a judging result is high, compared with a drilling cutting method, independent drilling is not needed, on-site data collection can be completed only in the construction process of the pressure relief hole of the mine, the construction work amount is greatly reduced, the judging accuracy rate is guaranteed, and a reliable basis is provided for preventing major mine disaster accidents.
Drawings
In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, reference is now made to the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining a drilling impact risk level according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a layout view of the shock-collecting device of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures denote: 1-acquisition instrument, 2-moving coil sensor, 3-cable, A-drilling construction position, B-roadway top plate, C-roadway side and D-roadway bottom plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the method for determining the impact risk of a borehole according to the present invention, which is mainly applied to pressure relief boreholes, in particular large-diameter pressure relief boreholes, without additional drilling, thereby saving the amount of work.
The method for judging the drilling impact risk degree comprises the following steps:
step one, arranging a vibration acquisition device at one side in a drill hole to acquire vibration data of the drilling construction process
The vibration acquisition device comprises an acquisition instrument 1 and at least two moving coil sensors 2 which are arranged at intervals, wherein the acquisition instrument 1 is electrically connected with the moving coil sensors 2 through transmission cables 3.
The invention selects a 24-bit high-precision acquisition instrument, and the technical parameters are as follows:
(1) The number of channels: 1-3 channels;
(2) Sampling frequency: 1-7 kHz of single-channel work can be selected, and 1-2 kHz of three-channel work can be selected;
(3) A time service mode: a high-precision clock chip for ground GPS satellite time service;
(4) Working voltage: 3.6V;
(5) A data storage mode: an SD card (16G);
(6) Working time: the standard battery can work for more than 96 hours continuously;
(7) The external dimension is as follows: 200mm 280mm 110mm;
(8) Appearance structure: the battery, the antenna and the circuit are separated and waterproof;
(9) Weight: 1.5KG;
(10) The parameters of the scheme are as follows: 3.6VDC; and II:200mA; ci:0 muF; li:0mH;
(11) The function of the indicator light: electrifying, time service, acquisition and electric quantity early warning;
(12) Isolation voltage: 1500VAC/60s.
The moving coil sensor selected by the invention is a fast-insertion high-frequency acquisition moving coil speed sensor, and the technical parameters are as follows:
(1) The model is as follows: GZC60;
(2) Sensitivity: 100V/m/s;
(3) Maximum transmission distance: 50m;
(4) And the connection mode with the acquisition instrument: a two-core cable;
(5) Vibrating: acceleration 50m/s2;
(6) Impact: the peak acceleration is 500m/s2.
The cable selected by the invention is a MHYVP 1 x 2 x 7/0.43 two-core cable.
Arranging the vibration acquisition device before drilling construction, the vibration acquisition device acquires vibration data in the drilling construction process, and the vibration data acquisition is completed after the drilling construction is finished. As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, three moving coil sensors 2 are adopted, the three moving coil sensors 2 are arranged at an interval of 1 meter on one side in a drill hole, the drill hole is a pressure relief drill hole, a position a in fig. 2 is a drill hole construction position, B is a roadway roof, C is a roadway side, and D is a roadway cable.
The arrangement and the acquisition process of the vibration acquisition device are detailed as follows:
(1) The end part of the moving coil sensor is screwed with the end part of the anchor rod, the three dynamic sensors are respectively arranged at the positions of 1m, 2m and 3m on one side of the pressure relief drilling hole, the acquisition instrument is hung on the metal net, and the acquisition instrument is connected with the three dynamic sensors through cables.
(2) Before the construction of release drilling, ensure to gather the appearance and be connected with three sensor, open gathering the appearance switch, open the back, gather the appearance pilot lamp and can glimmer, the representative has opened and connect normally, then begins the construction release drilling.
(3) And after the pressure relief drilling construction is finished, closing the switch of the acquisition instrument to finish data acquisition.
(4) And detaching each moving coil sensor, moving and installing the moving coil sensors to the positions of 1m, 2m and 3m on one side of the next drilling hole, and starting the next acquisition cycle.
(5) After data are collected for several days, after the sd card of the collecting instrument is fully stored, the sd card is detached and is taken into a well to be analyzed (except the sd card, other equipment does not take the well), and after the electric quantity of the battery is exhausted, the battery is required to be replaced in time.
The collection principle of the vibration collection device is as follows: in the large-diameter pressure relief drilling construction process, when a drilling system consisting of a drilling machine, a drill rod and a drill bit drills in a coal body, the drill bit cuts the coal body to generate vibration signals, the drill rod generates three-way vibration (axial vibration, tangential vibration and rotary vibration) under the action of dual forces of the drill bit and the drilling machine, the drilling machine generates vibration signals under the action of the vibration of the drill rod, and the strength of the vibration signals is related to the stress of the coal body under the condition that the properties of the coal body are the same. In the process of pressure relief drilling construction, due to the formation of a drilling space, the original stress state of a coal body is broken, when the stress state is changed, vibration events can occur, the generation of the vibration events represents the fracture process of the coal body, but the specific position of fracture is not determined, and only the vibration event generated when the coal body is drilled to which depth can be determined. The generation position of the vibration signal is the position of a vibration event caused by a vibration system or a drilling process, when the vibration signals are transmitted to the sensors under different spacing conditions, although the vibration amplitudes caused by the vibration signals are different, the change modes and trends of the vibration amplitudes are consistent, and when the three sensors have the same change trend, the correctness of the vibration signals is proved. When a vibration signal is transmitted to the position of the sensor, the sensor is influenced by the vibration signal, the coil inside the sensor vibrates along with external vibration, and meanwhile, the magnetic induction wire is cut, so that electromotive force is generated inside the coil, therefore, the vibration signal (generally represented by vibration speed and in the unit of m/s) can be converted into an electric signal (in the unit of mV) to further obtain a waveform file, the waveform file is transmitted to the acquisition instrument through a transmission cable, the acquisition instrument records the magnitude of the generated electromotive force at a certain sampling frequency and stores the magnitude of the generated electromotive force into an internal SD card, and the acquisition and recording of the vibration signal are completed. The magnitude of the electromotive force obtained by collection can reflect the vibration amplitude of the vibration signal, and the larger the vibration amplitude is, the larger the electromotive force is.
In the drilling process, due to different drilling difficulty degrees (different coal body stresses), the vibration of the drilling machine is different, and the strength of the vibration signals transmitted to the sensors is also different. When drilling media are all coal bodies, the drilling difficulty (measured by the drilling amplitude) is determined by the stress of the coal bodies, the larger the stress of the coal bodies is, the more difficult the drilling is, and the larger the vibration amplitude is, and on the contrary, the easier the drilling is, and the smaller the vibration amplitude is. During the drilling process, a coal body fracture phenomenon may also occur, which may simultaneously result in specific vibration events and acoustic signals (commonly referred to as coal cannons).
Analyzing and calculating the vibration data to obtain effective drilling time per meter of depth, average amplitude per meter of depth and vibration event occurrence number
And calculating the drilling construction depth according to the vibration data, and then calculating according to the drilling construction depth to obtain the effective drilling time per meter of depth, the average amplitude per meter of depth and the occurrence number of vibration events. The step of calculating the borehole construction depth from the seismic data comprises:
(1) deriving waveform signal data;
(2) converting the waveform signal into a digital signal;
(3) extracting a maximum value of the digital signal;
(4) identifying a shock event;
(5) removing the maximum amplitude of the vibration event;
(6) identifying variation characteristic parameters of the amplitude clusters, and combining partial amplitude clusters;
(7) and generating the drilling construction depth data.
After the drilling construction depth is obtained, the effective drilling time length of each meter of depth is counted, the average amplitude of each meter of depth is calculated (obtained by averaging the vibration amplitudes of different depths detected by all the sensors arranged at different positions), and the occurrence number and the generation depth of vibration events are counted.
Step three, calculating an effective drilling time index I according to the effective drilling time per meter of depth 1 Calculating a drilling difficulty index I from said mean amplitude per meter depth 2 Calculating a pressure relief effect index I according to the occurrence number of the vibration events 3
The method comprises the following steps:
a. presetting effective drilling time per meter judgment threshold values of different impact risk levels and each effective drilling time per meterThe effective drilling time length index numerical value corresponding to the effective drilling time length judging threshold value is calculated, the average value of the effective drilling time length of each meter of depth at present is compared with the effective drilling time length judging threshold value of each meter of depth at present, and the effective drilling time length index I corresponding to the effective drilling time length of each meter of depth at present is obtained 1 . And the effective drilling time judgment threshold value per meter is set by taking an average value according to a large number of early-stage statistical results.
b. Presetting average amplitude judgment threshold values of different impact risk levels and the drilling difficulty index numerical values corresponding to the average amplitude judgment threshold values, comparing the current average amplitude of the depth per meter with the average amplitude judgment threshold value, and obtaining the drilling difficulty index I corresponding to the current average amplitude of the depth per meter 2 . And the average amplitude judgment threshold value is set by taking an average value according to a large number of early statistical results.
c. Presetting a vibration event occurrence number judgment threshold value and the pressure relief effect index numerical value corresponding to each vibration event occurrence number judgment threshold value, comparing the current vibration event occurrence number with the vibration event occurrence number judgment threshold value, and obtaining the pressure relief effect index I corresponding to the current vibration event occurrence number 3 . And the vibration event occurrence quantity judgment threshold value is set by taking an average value according to a large number of early-stage statistical results.
Step four, the effective drilling time length index I is subjected to 1 The index of difficulty in drilling I 2 And the pressure relief effect index I 3 Distributing the weight and accumulating to obtain the index I of the impact risk degree of the drilling 0
The calculation formula is as follows: i is 0 ＝K 1 I 1 +K 2 I 2 -K 3 I 3
( Note: since the pressure relief effect plays a positive role, the pressure relief effect index should be reduced. )
In the formula: i is 1 To effective drilling duration index, K 1 To an effective drilling duration weight coefficient, I 2 Index of difficulty in drilling, K 2 To weight the factors of difficulty in drilling, I 3 Is an index of pressure relief effect, K 3 Is the weight coefficient of the pressure relief effect.
Step five, according to the drilling impact risk degree index I 0 And judging the drilling impact risk degree.
Presetting drilling impact risk degree grades corresponding to different drilling impact risk degree indexes, and obtaining the drilling impact risk degree index I according to the current calculation 0 And judging the drilling impact risk degree of the current drilling.
The drilling impact risk degree is divided into four grades of 'no', 'weak', 'medium' and 'strong', and the grades can be used as important bases for evaluating the risk of rock burst.
The following describes the determination method of the present invention with reference to specific examples.
According to the method, field monitoring is carried out on a certain coal mine, three moving coil sensors are adopted, the three moving coil sensors are arranged at 1m, 2m and 3m positions on one side of a drill hole in a pressure relief drill hole, the sampling frequency of an acquisition instrument is 1000Hz, and the monitoring results are as follows:
the effective drilling time per meter is 1. The effective drilling time per meter obtained in the case is 01 1 The value is 1.5.
TABLE 1
| Effective drilling duration (judgment threshold)/mm: ss | ﹤1:00 | 1:00-1:45 | 1:45-2:30 | ＞2:30 |
| Danger of impact | Is free of | Weak (weak) | Medium grade | High strength |
| Effective drilling duration index I 1 | 1 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.8 |
Note: the parameter values and parameter intervals in the above table can be reset according to practical application, which is not limited in the present invention.
Average amplitudes of 2mV, 4mV and 6mV per meter of depth in the drilling process are taken as judgment thresholds of grades of no, weak, medium and strong impact dangerousness, and the judgment thresholds are shown in a table 2. The average amplitude per meter depth obtained in the case was 5.7mV, according to Table 2, the average amplitude per meter depth indicator for the drilling process was "medium", I 2 The value is 1.5.
TABLE 2
| Average amplitude (decision threshold)/mV | ﹤2 | 2-4 | 4-6 | ＞6 |
| Danger of impact | Is free of | Weak (weak) | Medium and high grade | Strong strength (S) |
| Index of difficulty in drilling I 2 | 1 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.8 |
Note: the parameter values and parameter intervals in the above table can be reset according to practical application, which is not limited in the present invention.
The pressure relief effect index values corresponding to the number of occurrences of a shock event are shown in table 3. The number of vibration events obtained in the case was 3, according to table 3, the pressure relief effect index I 3 The value is 1.2.
TABLE 3
| Number of vibration events (determination threshold)/one | 0、1、2 | 3、4、5 | 6、7、8 | ＞8 |
| Index of pressure relief effect I 3 | 1 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.8 |
Note: the parameter values and parameter intervals in the above table can be reset according to practical application, which is not limited in the present invention.
According to formula I 0 ＝K 1 I 1 +K 2 I 2 -K 3 I 3 And calculating the drilling impact risk degree index, wherein the calculation result is as follows:
I 0 ＝K 1 I 1 +K 2 I 2 -K 3 I 3 ＝1*1.5+1*1.5-1*1.2＝1.8
the drilling impact risk degree grade corresponding to the drilling impact risk degree index is shown in table 4, and according to the table 4, the drilling impact risk degree index I 0 A combined risk level for a borehole of 1.8 is "medium". Through field verification, the result is the same as the field actual experience judgment result.
TABLE 4
| Index of degree of danger of drilling impact I 0 | ＜1.2 | 1.2-1.5 (including 1.5) | 1.5-1.8 | ≥1.8 |
| Degree of risk of drilling impact | Is free of | Weak | Medium and high grade | High strength |
Note: the parameter values and parameter intervals in the above table can be reset according to practical application, which is not limited in the present invention.
To better verify the accuracy of the results, in another eight different wells, in nine boreholes (plus the boreholes in the above case), eight of which were identical to the results of the field dynamic phenomenon, the accuracy reached 89%, and the detailed results are shown in table 5. The implementation of the method can basically replace the construction of a drilling cutting method, and a large amount of manpower, material resources and engineering quantity are saved.
TABLE 5
In other embodiments, the shock acquisition device may include an acquisition instrument and two, four, five, six, etc. moving coil sensors. The moving coil sensors are arranged at intervals, such as 0.5 meter, 2 meter, 3 meter, 5 meter and the like. The number of the specifically arranged moving coil sensors and the distance between the moving coil sensors are set according to the actual drilling site condition.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for judging the impact risk degree of a drill hole is characterized by comprising the following steps:
arranging a vibration acquisition device at one side in a drill hole to acquire vibration data in the drilling construction process;
analyzing and calculating the vibration data to obtain effective drilling time per meter of depth, average amplitude per meter of depth and the occurrence number of vibration events;
step three, calculating an effective drilling time index I according to the effective drilling time per meter of depth 1 Calculating a drilling difficulty index I from said mean amplitude per meter depth 2 Calculating a pressure relief effect index I according to the occurrence number of the vibration events 3 (ii) a The method comprises the following steps:
a. presetting effective drilling time length judging threshold values of different impact risk levels per meter and effective drilling time length index numerical values corresponding to the effective drilling time length judging threshold values, calculating the average value of the effective drilling time lengths of the current depth per meter, comparing the average value of the effective drilling time lengths of the current depth per meter with the effective drilling time length judging threshold value per meter, and obtaining the effective drilling time length index I corresponding to the effective drilling time length of the current depth per meter 1 ；
b. Presetting average amplitude judgment threshold values of different impact risk levels and the drilling difficulty index numerical values corresponding to the average amplitude judgment threshold values, comparing the current average amplitude of the depth per meter with the average amplitude judgment threshold value, and obtaining the drilling difficulty index I corresponding to the current average amplitude of the depth per meter 2 ；
c. Presetting a vibration event occurrence number judgment threshold value and the pressure relief effect index numerical value corresponding to each vibration event occurrence number judgment threshold value, comparing the current vibration event occurrence number with the vibration event occurrence number judgment threshold value, and obtaining the pressure relief effect index numerical value corresponding to the current vibration event occurrence numberIndex of pressure relief effect I 3 ；
Step four, the effective drilling time length index I is subjected to 1 The index of difficulty in drilling I 2 And the pressure relief effect index I 3 Distributing the weight and accumulating to obtain the index I of the impact risk degree of the drilling 0 ，
I 0 =K 1 I 1 +K 2 I 2 -K 3 I 3
In the formula: I.C. A 1 To effective drilling duration index, K 1 To an effective drilling duration weight coefficient, I 2 Index of difficulty in drilling, K 2 To weight the factors of difficulty in drilling, I 3 Is an index of pressure relief effect, K 3 Is a weight coefficient of the pressure relief effect;
step five, according to the drilling impact risk degree index I 0 And judging the drilling impact risk degree.
2. The method for determining the impact risk of drilling according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, a drilling construction depth is calculated from the vibration data, and the effective drilling time per meter of depth, the average amplitude per meter of depth and the number of occurrence of the vibration events are calculated according to the drilling construction depth.
3. The method for determining the impact risk of drilling according to claim 2, wherein the step of calculating the drilling construction depth from the vibration data includes:
(1) deriving waveform signal data;
(2) converting the waveform signal into a digital signal;
(3) extracting a maximum value of the digital signal;
(4) identifying a shock event;
(5) removing the maximum amplitude of the vibration event;
(6) identifying variation characteristic parameters of the amplitude clusters, and combining partial amplitude clusters;
(7) and generating the drilling construction depth data.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the effective drilling time period determination threshold, the average amplitude determination threshold, and the vibration event occurrence number determination threshold are set based on an average of a plurality of previous statistical results.
5. The method for determining impact risk of drilling according to claim 1, wherein in step five, impact risk levels of drilling corresponding to different impact risk indexes of drilling are preset, and the impact risk index I of drilling obtained according to current calculation 0 And judging the drilling impact risk degree of the current drilling.
6. The method for determining the impact risk of drilling according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the vibration acquisition device is arranged before drilling construction, the vibration acquisition device acquires vibration data during drilling construction, and the vibration data acquisition is completed after drilling construction is finished.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the drill hole is a pressure relief drill hole.
8. A vibration collecting device used in the method for determining the degree of risk of impact on a drilled hole according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the vibration acquisition device is arranged on one side in the drill hole and comprises an acquisition instrument (1) and at least two moving coil sensors (2) which are arranged at intervals, wherein the acquisition instrument (1) is electrically connected with the moving coil sensors (2) through transmission cables (3).
9. The shock collection device according to claim 8, comprising three said moving coil sensors (2), said three moving coil sensors (2) being arranged on one side within the borehole at intervals of 1 meter.
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