CN111763543B - Compressed nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel preparation device and method and use - Google Patents

Compressed nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel preparation device and method and use Download PDF

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CN111763543B
CN111763543B CN202010665795.3A CN202010665795A CN111763543B CN 111763543 B CN111763543 B CN 111763543B CN 202010665795 A CN202010665795 A CN 202010665795A CN 111763543 B CN111763543 B CN 111763543B
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oil
compression cylinder
hydrogen
diesel
piston
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CN111763543A (en
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吕刚
徐昌健
宋崇林
张伟
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Tianjin University
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Tianjin University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/45—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads
    • B01F25/451—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by means for moving the materials to be mixed or the mixture
    • B01F25/4512—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by means for moving the materials to be mixed or the mixture with reciprocating pistons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/50—Circulation mixers, e.g. wherein at least part of the mixture is discharged from and reintroduced into a receptacle
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a compressed nano hydrogen bubble/diesel mixed fuel, wherein hydrogen with preset pressure is supplied to a mixer from a hydrogen cylinder through a pressure regulating electromagnetic valve; supplying a predetermined volume of diesel oil from a tank to a mixer via an oil pump, a flow controller, and a solenoid valve; the controller controls the thrust generator to push the hydrogen and the diesel oil in the piston compression cylinder to reach a preset pressure, then the hydrogen/diesel oil solution in the compression cylinder is released to the oil/gas separator to be separated, and then the nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel can be obtained, and after the controller drives the piston, the push rod and the thrust generator to reset, the mixed fuel preparation cycle can be started again. When the nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel is combusted, the diesel engine only needs one set of oil supply system and does not need to adjust the hardware of the oil supply system; can greatly improve the economy and the emission performance of the diesel engine, can also improve the preparation efficiency of the mixed fuel, and is more suitable for the industrial production of the nano hydrogen bubble/diesel mixed fuel.

Description

Compressed nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel preparation device and method and use
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technology of replacing fuel by an internal combustion engine, and particularly relates to a circulating preparation method of a nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel capable of being used as diesel fuel.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of the economy of China and the improvement of the living standard of people, automobiles are changed from luxury goods to necessities to enter ordinary families, and the rapid improvement of the automobile yield and the automobile retention capacity in China is brought. In 2018, despite the landslide of domestic automobile production and sales volumes, 2780.9 automobiles are also newly produced, wherein the proportion of new energy automobiles is less than 5%, and liquid fuel (gasoline and diesel) automobiles are still mainstream products in the automobile industry in China at present. However, the ever-increasing huge automobile army in China also causes unprecedented energy consumption, so that the crude oil import quantity in China is increased year by year, in 2018, 4.6 hundred million tons of crude oil are imported in China, and the dependence of the crude oil on the outside is as high as 70.9 percentThe national energy safety situation is extremely severe. Meanwhile, a large number of automobiles also bring serious air pollution, in 2017, the total emission amount of 4 pollutants of the automobiles in China is 4359.7 ten thousand tons, wherein 574.3 thousand tons of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and 50.9 thousand tons of Particulate Matters (PM) are contained, and the emission amount of NOx and PM of diesel vehicles is respectively close to 70 percent and 90 percent of the total emission amount of the automobiles, so that the emission amount of tail gas of the diesel vehicles is NO in the atmosphereXAnd the main source of PM, which causes great harm to human body and environment. At present, although various diesel engine cleaning and efficient operation measures such as a novel combustion mode, an efficient aftertreatment technology and the like are applied to diesel vehicles meeting emission regulations of China V and China VI, the problems of energy shortage, environmental deterioration and the like in China are still difficult to completely solve, and a novel energy source with high efficiency and low pollution and an application technology thereof become research hotspots in the fields of energy sources and internal combustion engines in China.
Hydrogen (H)2) The diesel engine is high-efficiency and clean energy, and pure hydrogen (including a hydrogen/diesel dual-fuel mode) is combusted on the diesel engine or the hydrogen and diesel are simultaneously combusted in a mixing combustion mode, so that the thermal efficiency of the diesel engine can be obviously improved, and the pollutant emission can be reduced. The existing hydrogen and diesel oil mixing combustion mode comprises two working modes of hydrogen/diesel oil double injection system in-cylinder injection, hydrogen gas inlet channel injection/diesel oil in-cylinder injection and the like. However, when the two mixed combustion operating modes are adopted, a set of injection system, a corresponding supply pipeline, a corresponding pressurizing device and a corresponding storage device are required for hydrogen and diesel, so that the fuel supply system is highly complex, the arrangement space is narrow, the safety coefficient is reduced, the maintainability is poor, and the cost of the fuel supply system is inevitably increased. In addition, in order to realize efficient and clean operation of the internal combustion engine, the combustion and emission matching and calibration work of the internal combustion engine is very complex, and the increase of one kind of independently injected fuel will undoubtedly increase the combustion and emission calibration work of the diesel engine by times, so that the development period of the multi-fuel diesel engine is prolonged, and the development cost is increased.
The defects of the independent injection operation modes of the multiple fuels are prominent, and the arrangement of the multiple fuels into uniform mixed fuel for combustion of the internal combustion engine is one of the most effective and simplest measures for avoiding the defects. However, at normal temperature and normal pressure, the solubility of hydrogen in diesel oil is low, and the hydrogen content in the prepared hydrogen/diesel oil solution is too low, which is not enough to realize the efficient and clean operation of the diesel engine by blending hydrogen and diesel oil fuel. However, although increasing the pressure of hydrogen and increasing the temperature of diesel oil can significantly increase the solubility of hydrogen in diesel oil, increasing the pressure and temperature of oil supply system components such as oil tanks is not only costly, but also the safety is difficult to ensure. Therefore, special mixing principles and technical schemes are required to prepare the hydrogen/diesel oil mixed fuel with practical application value.
The microbubble mixing technology is a novel heterogeneous mixture preparation technology gradually developed in the eighties of the last century, and the preparation of a metastable gas/liquid uniform mixture is realized by dispersing gas components into nano-scale and submicron-scale micro-bubbles in liquid. In recent years, the technology has been widely applied to the production and living fields of water treatment, biomedical engineering, nano materials and the like, and the technical principle provides valuable inspiration, guidance and reference for the invention. However, the continuous phase of the existing microbubble mixing technology is water, and the technical key is to select a high-efficiency hydrophilic/hydrophobic amphoteric surfactant so as to improve the mixing ratio of a dispersed phase (gas) in the mixture and enhance the stability of bubbles. In addition, hydrogen bonds between water molecules also have a strong stabilizing effect on micro bubbles, and gas diffusion into a water body and the atmosphere through an interface film can be reduced. However, the technical means and scientific principles for promoting the generation and stabilization of bubbles are not suitable for the hydrogen/diesel microbubble mixed fuel without hydrophilic components, so that a new technology for generating and stabilizing bubbles suitable for the hydrogen/diesel microbubble mixed fuel is created and becomes a prerequisite foundation in the development and application process of the hydrogen/traditional liquid fuel microbubble mixed fuel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel based on the principle that dissolved hydrogen is supersaturated to generate nano-diameter bubbles and a stamping and thickening mixing technology, and the prepared nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel can be directly used as diesel engine fuel.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a compressed nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel preparation device, which comprises a hydrogen cylinder, an oil tank, a mixer, a thrust generator, an oil/gas separator and a controller, wherein the hydrogen cylinder is connected with the oil tank; the mixer comprises a compression cylinder, and the bottom surface of the compression cylinder is provided with an air inlet, an oil inlet and an oil outlet; a piston is arranged in the compression cylinder, a piston ring set is arranged between the front part of the piston and the side wall of the compression cylinder, and the piston ring set is used for avoiding gas or liquid in the compression cylinder from leaking from a gap between the piston and the side wall of the compression cylinder when the internal pressure of the compression cylinder does not exceed 10 MPa; a push rod is connected to the rear part of the piston, and the thrust generator is a power device of the push rod; a hydrogen pressure reducing valve and a gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between an outlet of the hydrogen cylinder and an air inlet of the compression cylinder, the maximum output pressure of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve is greater than 5MPa, and the pressure regulating range of the gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve is 0-5 MPa; an oil pump, a flow controller and an electromagnetic valve are sequentially arranged on a pipeline from the oil tank to an oil inlet of the compression cylinder; the inlet of the oil/gas separator is connected to the oil outlet of the compression cylinder through a pipeline, a micro-regulation electromagnetic valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the oil outlet and the oil/gas separator, the oil/gas separator is provided with an air release port and an oil release port, the air release port is connected to the hydrogen processor through a pipeline, and the oil release port is connected to the oil storage tank through a pipeline; the hydrogen pressure reducing valve, the gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve, the flow controller, the electromagnetic valve, the micro-regulating electromagnetic valve and the thrust generator are all connected with the controller, the controller controls the opening, opening pressure and closing of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve and the gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve, the controller controls the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve, the controller controls the opening, opening speed and closing of the micro-regulating electromagnetic valve, and the controller sets the diesel oil flow rate of the flow controller in the oil inlet process of each preparation cycle to be h; the controller controls the starting time, the ending time and the ending position of the piston when the thrust generator pushes the push rod and the piston to move along the axis of the compression cylinder in the compression direction in the opposite direction.
Further, in the invention, the thrust generator adopts a linear electric cylinder or a high-pressure air pump, and is used for providing power with a preset compression pressure within the range of 5-10 MPa for the top surface of the piston when pushing the push rod and the piston to perform compression motion along the axial direction of the compression cylinder; when compression is started, the distance between the top surface of the piston and the liquid level of diesel oil in the compression cylinder is L ═ a × b ÷ c, wherein a is the distance between the top surface of the piston and the liquid level of the diesel oil in the compression cylinder when compression is ended; and a is not less than the distance between the liquid level of the diesel oil in the compression cylinder and the bottom surface of the compression cylinder; b is the predetermined compression pressure; and c is the outlet pressure of the gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve.
In the present invention, the volume of the compression cylinder is V1Volume of the oil/gas separator is V2In one preparation cycle, the volume of diesel oil which is added into the compression cylinder from the oil tank to the oil inlet of the compression cylinder through the oil pump, the flow controller and the electromagnetic valve in sequence is V3；0.05×V1≤V3≤0.2×V1，V2≥5×V3。
The invention also provides a preparation method for preparing the nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel by adopting the compressed nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel preparation device, wherein the hydrogen pressure reducing valve, the gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve, the electromagnetic valve and the micro-regulating electromagnetic valve are all closed in initial states; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting a preset compression pressure b of the thrust generator within the range of 5-10 MPa according to the target mass content of hydrogen in the finally prepared nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel, and calculating the distance L between the top surface of the piston and the liquid level of diesel oil in a compression cylinder; when the oil inlet is not started, namely before the oil is fed into the compression cylinder, the controller controls the thrust generator to push the push rod to move the piston to a distance L between the top surface of the piston and the bottom surface of the compression cylinder, wherein the distance L is a multiplied by b divided by c, and a is the distance between the top surface of the piston and the diesel oil liquid level in the compression cylinder when the compression is ended; and a is not less than the distance between the liquid level of the diesel oil in the compression cylinder and the bottom surface of the compression cylinder; c is the outlet pressure of the gas pressure regulating solenoid valve;
step two, in the compression cycle, the volume of the diesel oil added into the compression cylinder is V3And 0.05 XV1≤V3≤0.2×V1，V2≥5×V3Setting the diesel oil flow rate of the flow controller to h and the time interval between the opening and the closing of the electromagnetic valve to d by the controller, and V3H × d; then, the controller opens the electromagnetic valve, and the oil tank sequentially passes through the oil pump, the flow controller, the electromagnetic valve and the oil inlet of the compression cylinder to add V in volume into the compression cylinder3At the same time, the controller controls the thrust generator to pull the pushrod, thereby moving the piston along the axis of the compression cylinder away from the bottom surface of the compression cylinder at a speed u, V3/(π×R2Xd), where R is the cavity radius of the compression cylinder, and the solenoid valve is closed until the solenoid valve is opened for a time d, and at this time, the thrust generator, the push rod and the piston all stop moving;
step three, opening the hydrogen pressure reducing valve and the gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve by a controller, setting the outlet pressure of the gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve to be a preset constant pressure within the range of 0.5-5 MPa, and setting the pressure of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve to be not less than the outlet pressure of the gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve; supplying hydrogen gas having the predetermined constant pressure to the mixer from the hydrogen cylinder through the hydrogen pressure reducing valve, a gas pressure regulating solenoid valve, and an air inlet of the compression cylinder in this order;
step four, the controller closes the hydrogen pressure reducing valve and the gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve, then the controller starts the thrust generator to push the push rod and the piston to move to one side of the bottom surface of the compression cylinder along the axis of the compression cylinder to compress the hydrogen and the diesel in the compression cylinder, and when the top surface of the piston moves to a distance a from the liquid level of the diesel in the compression cylinder, the compression movement of the thrust generator, the push rod and the piston is stopped;
opening a micro-regulation electromagnetic valve by a controller at the speed s less than or equal to 1MPa/min, and when all liquid components in the compression cylinder flow into the oil/gas separator through the oil outlet of the compression cylinder and the micro-regulation electromagnetic valve to carry out gas-liquid separation, so that hydrogen and nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel can be obtained; the separated hydrogen enters a hydrogen processor through an air outlet of the oil/gas separator for harmless treatment, and the separated nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel passes through the air outlet of the oil/gas separator and is stored in the oil storage tank; the micro-regulating electromagnetic valve is closed by the controller;
and step six, repeating the steps one to five, entering next compression cycle, and finally circularly preparing the nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel.
The nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel prepared by the method is used as diesel engine fuel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
when the nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel is applied, the diesel engine only needs one set of oil supply system, and the hardware of the oil supply system is not required to be changed; the nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel for the combustion of the diesel engine can greatly improve the thermal efficiency of the diesel engine, improve the fuel economy and reduce the pollutant discharge amount of the diesel engine; the renewable energy hydrogen is adopted to partially replace fossil fuel diesel, which is beneficial to alleviating the increasingly severe petroleum supply situation of China and ensuring the national energy safety. In addition, the hydrogen bubbles with nanometer-level diameters can be generated by adopting a supersaturated solution phase separation bubble generation method, so that the combustion performance of the mixed fuel on a diesel engine is improved, and the hydrogen bubbles can stably exist for a long time; the preparation method of the stamping concentrated solution is beneficial to preparing high-concentration hydrogen/diesel solution, simultaneously reduces the energy consumption of the preparation process, shortens the preparation time and improves the preparation efficiency; the impact on the diesel oil liquid level in the piston stamping process can also improve the effect of turbulent mixing between gas/liquid components; the preparation method of the ram-cycle type nano hydrogen bubble/diesel mixed fuel can improve the preparation speed of the mixed fuel and is more suitable for the industrial production of the nano hydrogen bubble/diesel mixed fuel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a compressed nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel preparation device.
Fig. 2 shows the diameter distribution rule of the nano hydrogen bubbles in the nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-hydrogen cylinder 2-hydrogen pressure reducing valve 3-gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve 4-gas inlet
5-oil tank 6-oil pump 7-flow controller 8-electromagnetic valve
9-oil inlet 10-compression cylinder 11-piston ring group 12-piston
13-push rod 14-thrust generator 15-oil outlet 16-micro-regulation electromagnetic valve
17-oil/gas separator 18-air vent 19-hydrogen processor 20-oil vent
21-oil storage tank 22-controller
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 1, the compressed nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel preparation device provided by the invention comprises a hydrogen cylinder 1, a fuel tank 5, a mixer, a thrust generator 14, an oil/gas separator 17 and a controller 22.
The mixer comprises a compression cylinder 10, and the bottom surface of the compression cylinder 10 is provided with an air inlet 4, an oil inlet 9 and an oil outlet 15; a piston 12 is arranged in the compression cylinder 10, a piston ring set 11 is installed between the front part of the piston 12 and the side wall of the compression cylinder 10, and the piston ring set 11 can ensure that gas or liquid (hydrogen or hydrogen/diesel solution) inside the compression cylinder 10 cannot leak from a gap between the piston 12 and the side wall of the compression cylinder 10 when the internal pressure of the compression cylinder 10 does not exceed 10 MPa; a push rod 13 is connected to the rear of the piston 12, and the thrust generator 14 is a power device of the push rod 13. From the export of hydrogen cylinder 1 extremely be equipped with hydrogen relief pressure valve 2 and gas pressure regulating solenoid valve 3 on the pipeline between the air inlet 4 of compression cylinder 10 in proper order, the export of hydrogen cylinder 1 with the import of hydrogen relief pressure valve 2 links to each other, the export of hydrogen relief pressure valve 2 with the import of gas pressure regulating solenoid valve 3 links to each other, the maximum output pressure of hydrogen relief pressure valve 2 is greater than 5MPa, the pressure regulating range of gas pressure regulating solenoid valve 3 is 0 ~ 5MPa, the exit linkage of gas pressure regulating solenoid valve 3 to the air inlet 4 of compression cylinder 10. The oil pump 6, the flow controller 7 and the electromagnetic valve 8 are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the oil tank 5 and an oil inlet 9 of the compression cylinder 10, namely, an oil outlet of the oil tank 5 is connected to an inlet of the oil pump 6 through a pipeline, an outlet of the oil pump 6 is connected to an inlet of the flow controller 7 through a pipeline, an outlet of the flow controller 7 is connected to an inlet of the electromagnetic valve 8, and an outlet of the electromagnetic valve 8 is connected to the oil inlet 9 of the compression cylinder 10. An inlet of the oil/gas separator 17 is connected to an oil outlet 15 of the compression cylinder 10 through a pipeline, a micro-regulation electromagnetic valve 16 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the oil outlet 15 and the oil/gas separator 17, the oil/gas separator 17 is provided with an air release port 18 and an oil release port 20, the air release port 18 is connected to a hydrogen processor 19 through a pipeline, and the oil release port 20 is connected to an oil storage tank 21 through a pipeline.
The hydrogen pressure reducing valve 2, the gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve 3, the flow controller 7, the electromagnetic valve 8, the micro-regulating electromagnetic valve 16 and the thrust generator 14 are all connected with the controller 22; controller 22 control opening, opening pressure and closing of hydrogen relief pressure valve 2 and gaseous pressure regulating solenoid valve 3, controller 22 control opening and closing of solenoid valve 8, controller 22 control opening, opening speed and closing of micro-adjustment solenoid valve 16, controller 22 sets up the diesel oil velocity of flow controller 7 in the oil feed in-process is h.
The thrust generator 14 of the present invention may be any power device capable of providing an axial force of the compression cylinder 10 to the connected push rod 13, such as a linear electric cylinder or a high pressure air pump, and the thrust generator 14 is used for providing a power of a predetermined compression pressure within a range of 5 to 10MPa to the top surface of the piston 12 when pushing the push rod 13 and the piston 12 to perform a compression motion along the axial direction of the compression cylinder 10; when compression is started, the distance between the top surface of the piston and the liquid level of diesel oil in the compression cylinder is L ═ a × b ÷ c, wherein a is the distance between the top surface of the piston and the liquid level of the diesel oil in the compression cylinder when compression is ended; and a is not less than the distance between the liquid level of the diesel oil in the compression cylinder and the bottom surface of the compression cylinder; b is the predetermined compression pressure; and c is the outlet pressure of the gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve. The controller 22 controls the starting time, the ending time and the ending position of the components when the thrust generator 14 pushes the push rod 13 and the piston 12 to compress along the axis of the compression cylinder 10 and move in the opposite direction.
The compression cylinder 10 has a volume V1(ii) a The volume of diesel oil added to the compression cylinder per preparation cycle is predetermined to be V3And 0.05 XV1≤V3≤0.2×V1Setting the diesel oil flow rate of the flow controller to h and the time interval between the opening and the closing of the electromagnetic valve to d by the controller, and V3H × d; the volume of the oil/gas separator 17 is V2，V2≥5V3I.e. the volume V of said oil/gas separator 172For said predetermined per-preparation cycle fueling volume V3More than 5 times of the total weight of the composition.
The following describes in detail the process of preparing the nano hydrogen bubble/diesel hybrid fuel by using the compressed nano hydrogen bubble/diesel hybrid fuel preparation apparatus according to the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the present embodiments are illustrative and not restrictive, and the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Example 1: the process for preparing the nano hydrogen bubble/diesel mixed fuel by using the compressed nano hydrogen bubble/diesel mixed fuel preparation device is that firstly, the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 2, the gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve 3, the electromagnetic valve 8 and the micro-regulating electromagnetic valve 16 are all closed in initial states; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
in this example, L is 128 mm; a is 64mm, b is 10 MPa; c is 5 MPa.
Step one, selecting the preset compression pressure of the thrust generator 14 to be 10MPa, and controlling the thrust generator 14 to push the push rod 13 to move the piston 12 to a position where the distance between the top surface of the piston 12 and the bottom surface of the compression cylinder 10 is 128mm by the controller 22;
step two, selecting the volume (V) with the inner diameter of 200mm1) A 10L compression cylinder 10, this timeVolume V of diesel oil to be fed into the compression cylinder 10 as predetermined for the preparation cycle3The distance between the diesel oil level in the compression cylinder 10 and the bottom surface of the compression cylinder 10 is about 64mm, which is 2L; the controller 22 sets the diesel oil flow rate h of the flow controller 7 in the oil inlet process at this time to be 1L/min; the controller 22 opens the electromagnetic valve 8, the oil tank 5 supplies diesel oil to the compression cylinder 10 through the oil pump 6, the flow controller 7, the electromagnetic valve 8 and the oil inlet 9 of the compression cylinder 10 in sequence, and the electromagnetic valve 8 is closed after d is 2 min; while the controller 22 opens the solenoid valve 8, the controller 22 also controls the thrust generator 14 to pull the push rod 13 to move the piston 12 along the axis of the compression cylinder 10 at a speed of 32mm/min in the direction opposite to the bottom surface of the compression cylinder 10, and until after 2min the solenoid valve 8 is closed, the thrust generator 14, the push rod 13 and the piston 12 stop moving;
step three, the controller 22 opens the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 2 and the gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve 3, the outlet pressure of the gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve 3 is set to be 5MPa, and the outlet pressure of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 2 is set to be 6 MPa; the hydrogen gas with the pressure of 5MPa is supplied to the mixer from the hydrogen cylinder 1 through the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 2, the gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve 3 and the gas inlet 4 of the compression cylinder 10 in sequence;
step four, the controller 22 closes the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 2 and the gas pressure regulating solenoid valve 3, then the controller 22 starts the thrust generator 14 to push the push rod 13 and the piston 12 to move along the axial direction of the compression cylinder 10, so as to compress the hydrogen and the diesel in the compression cylinder 10, and when the top surface of the piston 12 moves to a compression end position which is 64mm away from the liquid level of the diesel in the compression cylinder 10, the compression movement of the thrust generator 14, the push rod 13 and the piston 12 is ended;
step five, the controller 22 opens the micro-regulation electromagnetic valve 16, the opening speed s is 1MPa/min, and when all the liquid components in the compression cylinder 10 flow into the volume V through the oil outlet 15 of the compression cylinder 10 and the micro-regulation electromagnetic valve 162Gas-liquid separation is carried out in the 10L oil/gas separator 17, and then hydrogen and nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel can be obtained; the separated hydrogen gas is discharged through the oil/gas separator 17The gas port 18 enters a hydrogen processor 19 for harmless treatment, and the separated nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel passes through an oil discharge port 20 of the oil/gas separator 17 and is stored in an oil storage tank 21; the micro-regulating solenoid valve 16 is closed by the controller 22;
and step six, starting the mixed fuel preparation cycle again, namely repeating the steps one to five to enter the next preparation cycle, and finally realizing the cyclic preparation of the nano hydrogen bubble/diesel mixed fuel.
The hydrogen bubble diameter distribution of the nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel obtained in example 1 was measured using a ZS 90 type nano particle size meter manufactured by marvens corporation, and the result is shown in fig. 2.
The hydrogen pressure is increased to obviously improve the solubility of the hydrogen in the diesel oil, after the hydrogen pressure is reduced, the dissolved hydrogen in the continuous phase (the diesel oil) is in a supersaturated state and is further converted into microbubbles with nanometer-level diameters, and the microbubbles have small diameters and high stability, are sealed and stand for storage for 6 months at normal temperature and normal pressure, and do not generate obvious agglomeration and breakage.
Example 2: the process for preparing the nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel by using the compressed nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel preparation device of the invention is basically the same as the process of the embodiment 1, and the difference is only that:
in this example, L is 200 mm; a is 20mm, b is 5 MPa; c is 0.5 MPa.
Step one, the controller 22 controls the thrust generator 14, the push rod 13 and the piston 12 to move to a position where the top surface of the piston 12 is at a distance L of 200mm from the bottom surface of the compression cylinder 10.
Step two, changing the inner diameter of the compression cylinder 10 from 200mm to 300mm, and changing V1Changing 10L into 8L, and changing V3Changing 2L to 1L, changing the diesel flow speed h of the flow controller 7 from 1L/min to 0.25L/min, changing the movement speed of the bottom surface of the piston 12 from 32mm/min to 3.5mm/min, changing the time interval d from the opening to the closing of the electromagnetic valve 8 from 2min to 4min, and changing the distance between the diesel liquid level in the compression cylinder 10 and the bottom surface of the compression cylinder 10 to be 14 mm; the electromagnetic valve 8 is opened, and the oil tank 5 passes through the oil pump 6,The flow controller 7, solenoid valve 8 and oil inlet 9 supply the 1L of diesel fuel to the compression cylinder 10.
Step three, changing the outlet pressure of the gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve 3 from 5MPa to 0.5MPa, and changing the outlet pressure setting of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 2 from 6MPa to 2 MPa; so that hydrogen gas having a pressure of 0.5MPa is supplied from the hydrogen cylinder 1 to the mixer through the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 2, the gas pressure regulating solenoid valve 3, and the gas inlet 4 in this order.
Step four, changing a to 64mm into a to 20 mm;
step five, changing the opening speed of the micro-regulation electromagnetic valve 16 from s-1 MPa/min to s-0.5 MPa/min, and changing the volume V of the oil/gas separator 172The volume is changed from 10L to 8L, finally, the separated hydrogen enters a hydrogen processor 19 through an air outlet 18 for harmless treatment, and the separated nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel enters an oil storage tank 21 through an oil outlet 20 for storage.
Example 3: the process for preparing the nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel by using the compressed nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel preparation device of the invention is basically the same as the process of the embodiment 1, and the difference is only that:
in this example, L is 120 mm; a is 30mm, b is 8 MPa; c is 2 MPa.
Step one, the thrust generator 14, the push rod 13 and the piston 12 are controlled by the controller 22 to move to a position where the top surface of the piston 12 is 120mm from the bottom surface of the compression cylinder 10.
Step two, changing the inner diameter of the compression cylinder 10 from 200mm to 400mm, and changing V1Changing 10L into 15L, and changing V3Changing 2L into 3L, changing the diesel oil flow speed h of the flow controller 7 from 1L/min into 0.5L/min, changing the movement speed of the bottom surface of the piston 12 from 32mm/min into 4mm/min, changing the time interval d from the opening to the closing of the electromagnetic valve 8 from 2min into 6min, and changing the distance between the diesel oil liquid level in the compression cylinder 10 and the bottom surface of the compression cylinder 10 to be about 24 mm; and opening an electromagnetic valve 8, and supplying the 3L diesel oil from the oil tank 5 to a compression cylinder 10 through the oil pump 6, the flow controller 7, the electromagnetic valve 8 and an oil inlet 9 in sequence.
Changing the outlet pressure of the gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve 3 from 5MPa to 2MPa, and changing the outlet pressure setting of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 2 from 6MPa to 3 MPa; so that hydrogen gas having a pressure of 2MPa is supplied from the hydrogen cylinder 1 to the mixer through the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 2, the gas pressure regulating solenoid valve 3, and the gas inlet 4 in this order.
Step four, changing a to 64mm into a to 30 mm;
step five, changing the opening speed of the micro-regulation electromagnetic valve 16 from s-1 MPa/min to s-0.6 MPa/min, and changing the volume V of the oil/gas separator 172The volume of the hydrogen is changed from 10L to 20L, finally, the separated hydrogen enters a hydrogen processor 19 through an air outlet 18 for harmless treatment, and the separated nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel enters an oil storage tank 21 through an air outlet 20 for storage.
The preparation method can prepare the hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel with the hydrogen bubble diameter at the nanometer level and the stable period of more than 6 months, and can be directly used as diesel fuel to replace pure diesel fuel. When the nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel is applied, the diesel engine only needs one set of oil supply system, and the hardware of the oil supply system is not required to be changed; the nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel for the combustion of the diesel engine can greatly improve the thermal efficiency of the diesel engine, improve the fuel economy and reduce the pollutant discharge amount of the diesel engine; the renewable energy hydrogen is adopted to partially replace fossil fuel diesel, which is beneficial to alleviating the increasingly severe petroleum supply situation of China and ensuring the national energy safety. In addition, the hydrogen bubbles with nanometer-level diameters can be generated by adopting a supersaturated solution phase separation bubble generation method, so that the combustion performance of the mixed fuel on a diesel engine is improved, and the hydrogen bubbles can stably exist for a long time; the preparation method of the stamping concentrated solution is beneficial to preparing high-concentration hydrogen/diesel solution, simultaneously reduces the energy consumption in the preparation process, shortens the preparation time and improves the preparation efficiency; the impact on the diesel oil liquid level in the piston stamping process can also improve the effect of turbulent mixing between gas/liquid components; the preparation method of the ram-cycle type nano hydrogen bubble/diesel mixed fuel can improve the preparation speed of the mixed fuel and is more suitable for the industrial production of the nano hydrogen bubble/diesel mixed fuel.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are illustrative only and not restrictive, and various modifications which do not depart from the spirit of the present invention and which are intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art.

Claims (5)

1. A compressed nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel preparation device comprises a hydrogen cylinder (1), an oil tank (5), a mixer, a thrust generator (14), an oil/gas separator (17) and a controller (22); the method is characterized in that:
the mixer comprises a compression cylinder (10), and the bottom surface of the compression cylinder (10) is provided with an air inlet (4), an oil inlet (9) and an oil outlet (15); a piston (12) is arranged in the compression cylinder (10), a piston ring set (11) is installed between the front part of the piston (12) and the side wall of the compression cylinder (10), and the piston ring set (11) is used for avoiding gas or liquid inside the compression cylinder (10) from leaking from a gap between the piston (12) and the side wall of the compression cylinder (10) when the internal pressure of the compression cylinder (10) does not exceed 10 MPa; a push rod (13) is connected to the rear part of the piston (12), and the thrust generator (14) is a power device of the push rod (13);
a hydrogen pressure reducing valve (2) and a gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve (3) are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between an outlet of the hydrogen cylinder (1) and an air inlet (4) of the compression cylinder (10), the maximum output pressure of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve (2) is greater than 5MPa, and the pressure regulating range of the gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve (3) is 0-5 MPa;
an oil pump (6), a flow controller (7) and an electromagnetic valve (8) are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the oil tank (5) and an oil inlet (9) of the compression cylinder (10);
an inlet of the oil/gas separator (17) is connected to an oil outlet (15) of the compression cylinder (10) through a pipeline, a micro-regulation electromagnetic valve (16) is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the oil outlet (15) and the oil/gas separator (17), the oil/gas separator (17) is provided with an air release port (18) and an oil release port (20), the air release port (18) is connected to a hydrogen processor (19) through a pipeline, and the oil release port (20) is connected to an oil storage tank (21) through a pipeline;
the hydrogen pressure reducing valve (2), the gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve (3), the flow controller (7), the electromagnetic valve (8), the micro-regulating electromagnetic valve (16) and the thrust generator (14) are all connected with the controller (22), the controller (22) controls the opening, opening pressure and closing of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve (2) and the gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve (3), the controller (22) controls the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve (8), the controller (22) controls the opening, opening speed and closing of the micro-regulating electromagnetic valve (16), and the controller (22) sets the diesel flow rate of the flow controller (7) in the oil inlet process of each preparation cycle to be h; the controller (22) controls the starting time, the ending time and the ending position of the piston (12) when the thrust generator (14) pushes the push rod (13) and the piston (12) to compress along the axis of the compression cylinder (10) and move in the opposite direction.
2. The compressed nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel preparation device according to claim 1, wherein: the thrust generator (14) adopts a linear electric cylinder or a high-pressure air pump, and the thrust generator (14) is used for providing power with a preset compression pressure within the range of 5-10 MPa for the top surface of the piston (12) when the push rod (13) and the piston (12) are pushed to perform compression motion along the axial direction of the compression cylinder (10);
when the compression is started, the distance between the top surface of the piston (12) and the diesel oil liquid level in the compression cylinder (10) is L ═ a × b ÷ c, wherein a is the distance between the top surface of the piston (12) and the diesel oil liquid level in the compression cylinder (10) when the compression is ended; and a is not less than the distance between the liquid level of the diesel oil in the compression cylinder (10) and the bottom surface of the compression cylinder (10); b is the predetermined compression pressure; c is the outlet pressure of the gas pressure regulating solenoid valve (3).
3. The compressed nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel preparation device according to claim 1, wherein: the volume of the compression cylinder (10) is V1The volume of the oil/gas separator (17) is V2In one preparation cycle, oil is added into the compression cylinder (10) from the oil tank (5) to an oil inlet (9) of the compression cylinder (10) through the oil pump (6), the flow controller (7) and the electromagnetic valve (8) in sequence10) The volume of the diesel oil in the diesel oil is V3；0.05×V1≤V3≤0.2×V1，V2≥5×V3。
4. A preparation method of a compressed nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel is characterized by comprising the following steps: the compressed nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil blended fuel preparation device according to claim 1, wherein: the volume of the compression cylinder (10) is V1The volume of the oil/gas separator (17) is V2The hydrogen pressure reducing valve (2), the gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve (3), the electromagnetic valve (8) and the micro-regulating electromagnetic valve (16) are all closed in initial states; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting a preset compression pressure b of the thrust generator (14) within the range of 5-10 MPa according to the target mass content of hydrogen in the finally prepared nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel, and calculating the distance L between the top surface of the piston (12) and the liquid level of diesel oil in the compression cylinder (10); when the oil feeding is not started, the controller (22) controls the thrust generator (14) to push the push rod (13) to move the piston (12) to a distance L between the top surface of the piston (12) and the bottom surface of the compression cylinder (10), wherein the distance L is a multiplied by b divided by c, and a is the distance between the top surface of the piston (12) and the diesel oil liquid level in the compression cylinder (10) when the compression is ended; and a is not less than the distance between the liquid level of the diesel oil in the compression cylinder (10) and the bottom surface of the compression cylinder (10); c is the outlet pressure of the gas pressure regulating solenoid valve (3);
step two, in one preparation cycle, the volume of the diesel oil added into the compression cylinder (10) is V3And 0.05 XV1≤V3≤0.2×V1，V2≥5×V3The flow rate of the diesel oil of the flow controller (7) is set by the controller (22) to h and the time interval between the opening and the closing of the electromagnetic valve (8) is set to d, and V3H × d; then, the controller (22) opens the electromagnetic valve (8), and the oil tank (5) sequentially passes through the oil pump (6), the flow controller (7), the electromagnetic valve (8) and the oil inlet (9) of the compression cylinder (10) to add V-volume into the compression cylinder (10)3While the controller (22) controls the thrust generator (14)The push rod (13) is pulled, thereby moving the piston (12) along the axis of the compression cylinder (10) at a speed u in a direction away from the bottom surface of the compression cylinder (10), u being V3/(π×R2Xd), where R is the cavity radius of the compression cylinder (10), and the solenoid valve (8) is closed until the solenoid valve (8) is opened for a time d, at which time the thrust generator (14), the push rod (13), and the piston (12) all stop moving;
step three, opening the hydrogen pressure reducing valve (2) and the gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve (3) by a controller (22), setting the outlet pressure of the gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve (3) to be a preset constant pressure within the range of 0.5-5 MPa, and setting the pressure of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve (2) to be not less than the outlet pressure of the gas pressure regulating electromagnetic valve (3); supplying hydrogen gas with the predetermined constant pressure to the mixer from the hydrogen cylinder (1) through the hydrogen pressure reducing valve (2), a gas pressure regulating solenoid valve (3) and a gas inlet (4) of the compression cylinder (10) in sequence;
step four, closing the hydrogen pressure reducing valve (2) and the gas pressure regulating solenoid valve (3) by the controller (22), then starting a thrust generator (14) by the controller (22) to push a push rod (13) and a piston (12) to move to one side of the bottom surface of a compression cylinder (10) along the axis of the compression cylinder (10) so as to compress hydrogen and diesel in the compression cylinder (10), and stopping the compression movement of the thrust generator (14), the push rod (13) and the piston (12) when the top surface of the piston (12) moves to a distance a from the liquid level of the diesel in the compression cylinder (10);
fifthly, a controller (22) opens a micro-regulation electromagnetic valve (16) at a speed s of less than or equal to 1MPa/min, and when all liquid components in the compression cylinder (10) flow into the oil/gas separator (17) through an oil outlet (15) of the compression cylinder (10) and the micro-regulation electromagnetic valve (16) to carry out gas-liquid separation, the hydrogen and nano hydrogen bubble/diesel mixed fuel can be obtained; the separated hydrogen enters a hydrogen processor (19) through an air discharge port (18) of the oil/gas separator (17) for harmless treatment, and the separated nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel passes through an air discharge port (20) of the oil/gas separator (17) and is stored in an oil storage tank (21); closing the micro-regulating solenoid valve (16) by the controller (22);
and step six, repeating the steps one to five, entering next preparation circulation, and finally realizing the circulation preparation of the nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel.
5. The application of the nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel is characterized in that: the nano hydrogen bubble/diesel oil mixed fuel prepared by the preparation method of claim 4 is used as diesel engine fuel.
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