CN111763228A - (3s)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈合成方法 - Google Patents
(3s)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈合成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- LHBPNZDUNCZWFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanenitrile Chemical compound ClCC(O)CC#N LHBPNZDUNCZWFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 abstract description 4
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- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
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- C07F7/1872—Preparation; Treatments not provided for in C07F7/20
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- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
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- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种(3S)‑4‑氯‑3‑[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈合成方法,将甲苯、吸收剂和4‑氯‑3‑羟基丁腈放入反应器中,滴加三甲基氯硅烷反应,经过淬灭、萃取水洗、浓缩脱溶后得到(3S)‑4‑氯‑3‑[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈,其反应方程式为:
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物中间体合成技术领域,具体涉及(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈合成方法。
背景技术
瑞舒伐他汀是一种选择性HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂。HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂是转变3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A为甲戊酸盐—胆固醇的前体—的限速酶。瑞舒伐他汀的主要作用部位是肝—降低胆固醇的靶向器官。瑞舒伐他汀增加了肝LDL细胞表面受体数目,促进LDL的吸收和分解代谢,抑制了VLDL的肝合成,由此降低VLDL和LDL微粒的总数。
(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈是降低胆固醇药瑞舒伐他汀原料药的关键中间体,现有技术中(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈的合成多是以4-氯-3-羟基丁腈为原料,通过接入甲基硅烷基而的得到的,但是(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈得出率低,反应中产生的废气及处理的废水不能综合利用,生产成本高。因此,亟需一种(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈合成方法以满足瑞舒伐他汀原料药生产用。
发明内容
本发明目的是为了弥补已有技术缺陷,提供一种(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈合成方法,该方法反应温和,可操作性及安全性高,(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈得出率高。
为实现上述目的,本发明通过以下方案予以实现:
本发明提供了一种(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈合成方法,将甲苯、吸收剂和4-氯-3-羟基丁腈放入反应器中,滴加三甲基氯硅烷反应,经过淬灭、萃取水洗、浓缩脱溶后得到(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈,其反应方程式为:
优选地,(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈合成方法具体包括以下步骤:
(1)备料:将甲苯、吸收剂和4-氯-3-羟基丁腈投入反应器,开搅拌,并对反应釜进行降温;
(2)反应:当反应器内温度降温至-10~20℃左右时,开始向反应器缓慢滴加三甲基氯硅烷,控制反应温度,滴加完毕后,保温反应,保温1h后取样,当4-氯-3-羟基丁腈含量≤1.0wt%(锁溶剂后含量)时,保温反应结束;
(3)淬灭:保持反应液温度稳定在0~10℃,滴入纯化水,滴加时间控制在15~30min,滴加结束,静止20~30min分层;
(4)萃取水洗:将水层分出,加入甲苯萃取两次,有机相合并至浓缩釜中,水相回收吸收剂,合并后的有机相,用纯化水洗涤一次,尽可能将水层分走,有机相准备浓缩;
(5)浓缩脱溶:真空浓缩直至不出馏,脱溶结束,得到产品,蒸出的甲苯经过处理至水分含量≤0.1wt%。
优选地,吸收剂为氨气或有机胺,有机胺为氨气、甲胺、二甲胺、三甲胺、乙胺、二乙胺、三乙胺的一种。
优选地,步骤(2)中控制反应温度-10~20℃,保温温度为-10~20℃。
优选地,步骤(2)中三甲基氯硅烷2-3h滴毕。
优选地,步骤(5)中真空浓缩过程真空度保持在-0.09MPa,温度保持≤85℃。
优选地,步骤(5)中甲苯处理通过静置或片碱处理。
本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈合成方法,反应温和,可操作性及安全性高,(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈得出率高。
(2)本发明(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈合成方法反应过程中生成氯化氢气体,在反应体系中加入有机胺类可以中和生成的氯化氢,以铵盐进入废水处理系统防止其对环境的污染。
(3)本发明(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈合成方法,反应中甲苯和有机胺可以回收重复利用,有效地降低了生产成本,减少了废水的排放。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
一种(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈合成方法,将甲苯、吸收剂和4-氯-3-羟基丁腈放入反应器中,滴加三甲基氯硅烷反应,经过淬灭、萃取水洗、浓缩脱溶后得到(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈,其反应方程式为:
实施例1
(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈合成方法具体包括以下步骤:
(1)向四口瓶中加入甲苯40ml、4-氯-3-羟基丁腈7.6g(0.064mol)、甲胺2.52g(0.081mol),搅拌,用氮气置换3分钟后,尾气端用硅胶密封,防止外来水分进入。
(2)内温降温至-10~20℃,开始缓慢滴加三甲基氯硅烷7.4g(0.068mol),期间反应温度维持在-10~20℃,2h滴加完毕,保温1h后取样中控,4-氯-3-羟基丁腈含量≤1wt%时保温结束;
(3)反应结束,保持内温0~10℃,滴加水10ml萃灭反应;
(4)分出水层,用甲苯45ml萃取2次,合并有机相,用50ml水洗涤一次;
(5)有机相减压至真空度在-0.09MPa、温度≤85℃脱溶,蒸出的甲苯经过片碱处理至水分含量≤0.1wt%,釜残称重得到产品11.12g(0.058mol),产品收率90%。
实施例2
(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈合成方法具体包括以下步骤:
(1)向四口瓶中加入甲苯30ml、4-氯-3-羟基丁腈7.2g(0.06mol)、三乙胺7.2g(0.071mol),搅拌,用氮气置换3分钟后,尾气端用硅胶密封,防止外来水分进入。
(2)内温降温至-10~20℃,开始缓慢滴加三甲基氯硅烷7.2g(0.066mol),期间反应温度维持在-10~20℃,2.5h滴加完毕,保温1h后取样中控,4-氯-3-羟基丁腈含量少于1%时保温结束;
(3)反应结束,保持内温0~10℃,滴加水约10ml萃灭反应;
(4)分出水层,用甲苯45ml萃取2次,合并有机相,用60ml水洗涤一次;
(5)有机相减压至真空度在-0.09MPa、温度≤85℃脱溶,蒸出的甲苯经过静置处理至水分含量≤0.1%,釜残称重得到产品10.58g(0.055mol),产品收率92%。
实施例3
(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈合成方法具体包括以下步骤:
(1)向四口瓶中加入甲苯35ml、4-氯-3-羟基丁腈8.3g(0.069mol)、三乙胺9.0g(0.09mol),搅拌,用氮气置换3分钟后,尾气端用硅胶密封,防止外来水分进入。
(2)内温降温至-10~20℃,开始缓慢滴加三甲基氯硅烷7.5g(0.069mol),期间反应温度维持在-10~20℃,3h滴加完毕,保温1h后取样中控,4-氯-3-羟基丁腈含量少于1%时保温结束;
(3)反应结束,保持内温0~10℃,滴加水10ml萃灭反应;
(4)分出水层,用甲苯45ml萃取2次,合并有机相,用60ml水洗涤一次;
(5)有机相减压至真空度在-0.09MPa、温度≤85℃脱溶,蒸出的甲苯经过片碱处理至水分含量≤0.1%,釜残称重得到产品12.07g(0.063mol),产品收率90.8%。
实施例4
(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈合成方法具体包括以下步骤:
(1)向四口瓶中加入甲苯50ml、4-氯-3-羟基丁腈7.6g(0.064mol)、三甲胺4.97g(0.084mol),搅拌,用氮气置换3分钟后,尾气端用硅胶密封,防止外来水分进入。
(2)内温降温至-10~20℃,开始缓慢滴加三甲基氯硅烷8.2g(0.075mol),期间反应温度维持在-10~20℃,2.5h滴加完毕,保温1h后取样中控,4-氯-3-羟基丁腈含量少于1%时保温结束;
(3)反应结束,保持内温0~10℃,滴加水15ml萃灭反应;
(4)分出水层,用甲苯50ml萃取2次,合并有机相,用60ml水洗涤一次;
(5)有机相减压至真空度在-0.09MPa、温度≤85℃脱溶,蒸出的甲苯经过静置处理至水分含量≤0.1%,釜残称重得到产品11.50g(0.060mol),产品收率93.5%。
实施例5
(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈合成方法具体包括以下步骤:
(1)向四口瓶中加入甲苯40ml、4-氯-3-羟基丁腈6.7g(0.056mol)、二乙胺5.1g(0.070mol),搅拌,用氮气置换3分钟后,尾气端用硅胶密封,防止外来水分进入。
(2)内温降温至-10~20℃,开始缓慢滴加三甲基氯硅烷7.5g(0.069mol),期间反应温度维持在-10~20℃,2h滴加完毕,保温1h后取样中控,4-氯-3-羟基丁腈含量少于1%时保温结束;
(3)反应结束,保持内温0~10℃,滴加水15ml萃灭反应;
(4)分出水层,用甲苯50ml萃取2次,合并有机相,用50ml水洗涤一次;
(5)有机相减压至真空度在-0.09MPa、温度≤85℃脱溶,蒸出的甲苯经过片碱处理至水分含量≤0.1%,釜残称重得到产品9.78g(0.051mol),产品收率91.6%。
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上公开的本发明优选实施例只是用于帮助阐述本发明。优选实施例并没有详尽叙述所有的细节,也不限制该发明的具体实施方式。显然,根据本说明书的内容,可作很多的修改和变化。本说明书选取并具体描述这些实施例,是为了更好地解释本发明的原理和实际应用,从而使所属技术领域技术人员能很好地理解和利用本发明。本发明仅受权利要求书及其全部范围和等效物的限制。
Claims (7)
2.根据权利要求1所述的(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈合成方法,其特征在于,具体包括以下步骤:具体包括以下步骤:
(1)备料:将甲苯、吸收剂和4-氯-3-羟基丁腈投入反应器,开搅拌,并对反应釜进行降温;
(2)反应:当反应器内温度降温至-10~20℃左右时,开始向反应器缓慢滴加三甲基氯硅烷,控制反应温度,滴加完毕后,保温反应,保温1h后取样,当4-氯-3-羟基丁腈含量≤1.0wt%时,保温反应结束;
(3)淬灭:保持反应液温度稳定在0~10℃,滴入纯化水,滴加时间控制在15~30min,滴加结束,静止20~30min分层;
(4)萃取水洗:将水层分出,加入甲苯萃取两次,有机相合并至浓缩釜中,水相回收吸收剂,合并后的有机相,用纯化水洗涤一次,尽可能将水层分走,有机相准备浓缩;
(5)浓缩脱溶:真空浓缩直至不出馏,脱溶结束,得到产品,蒸出的甲苯经过处理至水分含量≤0.1wt%。
3.根据权利要求2所述的(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈合成方法,其特征在于,所述吸收剂为氨气或有机胺,有机胺为氨气、甲胺、二甲胺、三甲胺、乙胺、二乙胺、三乙胺的一种。
4.根据权利要求2所述的(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈合成方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中控制反应温度-10~20℃,保温温度为-10~20℃。
5.根据权利要求2所述的(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈合成方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中三甲基氯硅烷2-3h滴毕。
6.根据权利要求2所述的(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈合成方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(5)中真空浓缩过程真空度保持在-0.09MPa,温度保持≤85℃。
7.根据权利要求2所述的(3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]丁腈合成方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(5)中甲苯处理通过静置或片碱处理。
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