Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a connecting process method of a carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material, and aims to improve the surface quality of a bonding surface of the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material, improve the contact area of a bonding agent and the bonding surface, and further improve the ultrasonic vibration-assisted bonding strength and quality.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme is as follows:
a connecting process method of a carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material comprises the following steps:
1) scanning the bonding surface of the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material by using an ultraviolet pulse laser beam, removing the surface resin layer and exposing the carbon fiber layer, and cleaning and airing the surface resin layer and the carbon fiber layer;
2) fixing the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material subjected to laser treatment, gluing the bonding surface and bonding; the preparation method of the adhesive comprises the following steps: mixing the carbon nano tube with ethyl acetate, performing ultrasonic vibration dispersion for 45-90 min, adding the epoxy resin component, continuing the ultrasonic vibration dispersion for 45-90 min, removing the ethyl acetate, adding the epoxy resin curing agent, and uniformly mixing;
3) applying ultrasonic vibration with the frequency of 15 KHz-25 KHz to the vertical direction of the bonding surface through an ultrasonic vibration tool head, applying pre-pressure of 1 MPa-5 MPa through the ultrasonic vibration tool head before vibration, and keeping the pressure for 15 min-30 min after the ultrasonic vibration is finished;
4) and heating and curing the adhesive piece at 40-80 ℃ for 1-20 h.
According to the scheme, the ultraviolet pulse laser used in the step 1 is an ultraviolet laser with the wavelength of 193-355 nm, the photon energy is 3.49-6.44 eV, the average power is 15-200 w, the repetition frequency is 1 MH-2 MHz, the spot diameter is 1.3-1.5 mm, and the scanning speed is 50-1500 mm/s.
According to the scheme, the scanning direction of the ultraviolet pulse laser beam in the step 1 is 45 degrees with the fiber direction of the outermost layer of the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material.
According to the scheme, in the preparation process of the adhesive in the step 2, ultrasonic vibration dispersion is stopped every 15min and stirring is carried out for 5min, and the temperature is kept at 25-35 ℃; the mass percentage of the carbon nano tube in the adhesive is 0.2-1%.
According to the scheme, the thickness of the glue layer in the step 2 is between 0.7mm and 0.8 mm.
According to the scheme, the ultrasonic vibration amplitude in the step 2 is 10-100 microns, and the amplitude percentage is 50-100%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the connecting process method of the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite, ultrasonic vibration-assisted bonding, laser surface treatment and modification of the adhesive by using the carbon nano tubes are combined for the first time, so that the problems of poor adhesion quality, uneven adhesion quality and breakage of carbon fiber wires caused by surface treatment before adhesion in actual engineering are effectively solved.
The invention has high precision and stable surface quality, the spatial arrangement of the carbon fiber wires is changed through ultrasonic vibration, and simultaneously the carbon fiber wires can also generate vibration to a certain degree under the action of the ultrasonic vibration, so that the carbon nanotubes are gathered in the gaps of the carbon fiber wires to form a cross-linked reticular mechanical bolt lock structure, and the adhesive can be better bonded with the carbon fiber wires; in addition, the flow field direction of the adhesive layer is changed through ultrasonic vibration, so that the carbon nano tubes are oriented and arranged, covalent bonds are formed between free radicals on the surfaces of the carbon nano tubes and epoxy resin adhesive molecules, the performance of the adhesive is enhanced, the adhesive strength is improved, and the adhesive bonding strength is improved.
The method is suitable for automatic and industrial production.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The process of the connecting process of the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material comprises the following steps:
and S100, cleaning the surface of the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material, and treating the cleaned carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material cementing area by picosecond laser to remove surface resin and expose an inner carbon fiber layer.
And step S200, adding a certain mass fraction of carbon nanotubes into the adhesive by adopting a solution mixing method.
And S300, placing the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material into a positioning fixture, and performing gluing treatment on the bonding surface.
And S400, applying ultrasonic vibration with a certain frequency to the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material through an ultrasonic vibration tool head.
And step S500, stopping ultrasonic vibration, lifting the ultrasonic vibration tool head, and putting the glued joint into an oven for heating and curing.
Example 1
The method comprises the following steps: and scanning the bonding surface of the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material by using an ultraviolet pulse laser beam, removing the surface resin layer and exposing the carbon fiber layer, and cleaning and airing the carbon fiber layer. The relevant laser parameters are: the wavelength is 355nm, the photon energy is 3.49ev, the average power is 30w, the repetition frequency is 1MHz, the spot diameter is 1.3mm, the scanning speed is 1500mm/s, and the scanning direction is 45 degrees to the fiber direction of the outermost layer of the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material.
Step two: mixing carbon nanotubes accounting for 0.2 wt% of the mass of the adhesive with ethyl acetate, performing ultrasonic vibration dispersion for 45min, adding an epoxy resin component, continuing ultrasonic vibration dispersion for 45min, putting the mixture into a vacuum drying oven to remove ethyl acetate, adding an epoxy resin curing agent, and uniformly mixing.
Step three: and (3) placing the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material into a positioning fixture, and performing adhesive surface gluing treatment, wherein the thickness of an adhesive layer is 0.7 mm.
Step four: and applying ultrasonic vibration with certain frequency to the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material through an ultrasonic vibration tool head. Wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 15KHz, the amplitude is 10 μm, the amplitude percentage is 70%, a pre-pressure of 1MPa is applied to the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material by an ultrasonic vibration tool head before vibration, and the pressure is kept for 15min after the vibration is finished.
Step five: stopping ultrasonic vibration, lifting the ultrasonic vibration tool head, putting the glued piece into an oven, and heating and curing for 20 hours at 40 ℃.
Tensile testing was performed on the single lap joint specimens according to ASTM D5868-01 to obtain specimens having a shear strength of 12.08 MPa.
Example 2
The method comprises the following steps: and scanning the bonding surface of the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material by using an ultraviolet pulse laser beam, removing the surface resin layer and exposing the carbon fiber layer, and cleaning and airing the carbon fiber layer. The relevant laser parameters are: the wavelength is 193nm, the photon energy is 6.44ev, the average power is 15w, the repetition frequency is 1.2MHz, the spot diameter is 1.5mm, the scanning speed is 800mm/s, and the scanning direction is 45 degrees with the outermost layer fiber direction of the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite.
Step two: mixing carbon nanotubes accounting for 0.5 wt% of the mass of the adhesive with ethyl acetate, performing ultrasonic vibration dispersion for 60min, adding an epoxy resin component, continuing ultrasonic vibration dispersion for 60min, putting the mixture into a vacuum drying oven to remove ethyl acetate, adding an epoxy resin curing agent, and uniformly mixing.
Step three: and (3) placing the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material into a positioning fixture, and performing adhesive surface gluing treatment, wherein the thickness of an adhesive layer is 0.7 mm.
Step four: and applying ultrasonic vibration with certain frequency to the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material through an ultrasonic vibration tool head. Wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 15KHz, the amplitude is 32 μm, the amplitude percentage is 70%, a pre-pressure of 1MPa is applied to the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material by an ultrasonic vibration tool head before vibration, and the pressure is kept for 15min after the vibration is finished.
Step five: stopping ultrasonic vibration, lifting the ultrasonic vibration tool head, putting the glued piece into an oven, and heating and curing for 20 hours at 40 ℃.
Tensile testing of the single lap joint specimens was conducted according to ASTM D5868-01 to obtain specimens having a shear strength of 8.93 MPa.
Example 3
The method comprises the following steps: and scanning the bonding surface of the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material by using an ultraviolet pulse laser beam, removing the surface resin layer and exposing the carbon fiber layer, and cleaning and airing the carbon fiber layer. The relevant laser parameters are: the wavelength is 355nm, the photon energy is 3.49ev, the average power is 30w, the repetition frequency is 1MHz, the spot diameter is 1.5mm, the scanning speed is 50mm/s, and the scanning direction is 45 degrees with the fiber direction of the outermost layer of the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material.
Step two: mixing carbon nanotubes accounting for 0.75 wt% of the mass of the adhesive with ethyl acetate, performing ultrasonic vibration dispersion for 75min, adding an epoxy resin component, continuing ultrasonic vibration dispersion for 75min, putting the mixture into a vacuum drying oven to remove ethyl acetate, adding an epoxy resin curing agent, and uniformly mixing.
Step three: and (3) placing the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material into a positioning fixture, and performing adhesive surface gluing treatment, wherein the thickness of an adhesive layer is 0.76 mm.
Step four: and applying ultrasonic vibration with certain frequency to the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material through an ultrasonic vibration tool head. Wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 15KHz, the amplitude is 24 μm, the amplitude percentage is 70%, a pre-pressure of 5MPa is applied to the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material by an ultrasonic vibration tool head before vibration, and the pressure is kept for 15min after the vibration is finished.
Step five: stopping ultrasonic vibration, lifting the ultrasonic vibration tool head, putting the glued joint into an oven, and heating and curing for 3 hours at 80 ℃.
Tensile testing was performed on the single lap joint specimens according to ASTM D5868-01 to obtain specimens having a shear strength of 24.48 MPa.
Example 4
The method comprises the following steps: and scanning the bonding surface of the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material by using an ultraviolet pulse laser beam, removing the surface resin layer and exposing the carbon fiber layer, and cleaning and airing the carbon fiber layer. The relevant laser parameters are: the wavelength is 355nm, the photon energy is 3.49ev, the average power is 200w, the repetition frequency is 2MHz, the diameter of a light spot is 1.5mm, the scanning speed is 300mm/s, and the scanning direction is 45 degrees to the fiber direction of the outermost layer of the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite.
Step two: mixing carbon nanotubes accounting for 0.75 wt% of the mass of the adhesive with ethyl acetate, performing ultrasonic vibration dispersion for 60min, adding an epoxy resin component, continuing ultrasonic vibration dispersion for 75min, putting the mixture into a vacuum drying oven to remove ethyl acetate, adding an epoxy resin curing agent, and uniformly mixing.
Step three: and (3) placing the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material into a positioning fixture, and performing adhesive surface gluing treatment, wherein the thickness of an adhesive layer is 0.8 mm.
Step four: and applying ultrasonic vibration with certain frequency to the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material through an ultrasonic vibration tool head. Wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 20KHz, the amplitude is 20 μm, the amplitude percentage is 50%, a pre-pressure of 3MPa is applied to the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material by an ultrasonic vibration tool head before vibration, and the pressure is maintained for 20min after the vibration is finished.
Step five: stopping ultrasonic vibration, lifting the ultrasonic vibration tool head, putting the glued joint into an oven, and heating and curing for 1h at 80 ℃.
Tensile testing of the single lap joint specimens was conducted according to ASTM D5868-01 to obtain specimens having a shear strength of 22.58 MPa.
Example 5
The method comprises the following steps: and scanning the bonding surface of the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material by using an ultraviolet pulse laser beam, removing the surface resin layer and exposing the carbon fiber layer, and cleaning and airing the carbon fiber layer. The relevant laser parameters are: the wavelength is 248nm, the photon energy is 4.96ev, the average power is 100w, the repetition frequency is 1.6MHz, the spot diameter is 1.4mm, the scanning speed is 200mm/s, and the scanning direction is 45 degrees with the fiber direction of the outermost layer of the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite.
Step two: mixing carbon nanotubes accounting for 1 wt% of the mass of the adhesive with ethyl acetate, performing ultrasonic vibration dispersion for 90min, adding an epoxy resin component, continuing ultrasonic vibration dispersion for 90min, putting the mixture into a vacuum drying oven, removing ethyl acetate, adding an epoxy resin curing agent, and uniformly mixing.
Step three: and (3) placing the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material into a positioning fixture, and performing adhesive surface gluing treatment, wherein the thickness of an adhesive layer is 0.8 mm.
Step four: and applying ultrasonic vibration with certain frequency to the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material through an ultrasonic vibration tool head. Wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 25KHz, the amplitude is 100 μm, the amplitude percentage is 100%, a pre-pressure of 5MPa is applied to the carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material by an ultrasonic vibration tool head before vibration, and the pressure is kept for 15min after the vibration is finished.
Step five: stopping ultrasonic vibration, lifting the ultrasonic vibration tool head, putting the glued joint into an oven, and heating and curing for 8 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃.
Tensile testing of the single lap joint specimens was conducted according to ASTM D5868-01 to obtain specimens having a shear strength of 16.34 MPa.
From the results of the above examples, it can be seen that the shear strength of the single lap joint of the third example is 24.48MPa at the maximum, and the promotion effect of the process on the adhesion strength will be further described below in conjunction with the comparative example to the third example.
Comparative example 1
Compared with the third embodiment, the first, third, fourth and fifth embodiments of the comparative example 1 are identical to the corresponding steps in the third embodiment, and the single lap joint test piece is subjected to a tensile test according to ASTM D5868-01, so that the shear strength of the test piece is 5.38 MPa. The addition of a mass fraction of carbon nanotubes increases the shear strength by about 350%.
Comparative example 2
Compared with the third example, the second comparative example does not carry out laser scanning treatment on the bonding surface, the second, third, fourth and fifth steps are completely the same as the corresponding steps in the examples, and the tensile test is carried out on the single lap joint test piece according to ASTM D5868-01 to obtain the shear strength of the test piece to be 7.01 MPa. The laser scanning treatment of the bonding surface improved the shear strength by about 250%.
Comparative example 3
Compared with the third example, the second comparative example does not carry out ultrasonic vibration treatment on the sample to be bonded, the first, second, third and fifth steps are completely the same as the corresponding steps in the examples, and the tensile test is carried out on the single lap joint sample according to ASTM D5868-01, so that the shear strength of the sample is 17.75 MPa. The ultrasonic vibration treatment of the sample to be bonded improves the shear strength by about 38%.
The above-described example is only one embodiment of the present invention, and several modifications and optimizations may be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which falls within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.