CN111761168A - Steel-aluminum composite joint connection method for ships - Google Patents
Steel-aluminum composite joint connection method for ships Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111761168A CN111761168A CN202010541773.6A CN202010541773A CN111761168A CN 111761168 A CN111761168 A CN 111761168A CN 202010541773 A CN202010541773 A CN 202010541773A CN 111761168 A CN111761168 A CN 111761168A
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- steel
- aluminum composite
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- joint
- aluminum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K33/00—Specially-profiled edge portions of workpieces for making soldering or welding connections; Filling the seams formed thereby
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
- B23K2103/20—Ferrous alloys and aluminium or alloys thereof
Abstract
The invention relates to a connection method of a steel-aluminum composite joint for ships, which comprises the following steps: s1, respectively forming openings in the corresponding areas of the steel wall and the aluminum alloy wall at the connection parts with the steel-aluminum composite joints, and ensuring that the distance between the opening end part and the end part of the weldment is larger than the size of a welding leg; s2, arranging a certain gap at the joint of the steel-aluminum composite joint, welding the steel layer of the steel-aluminum composite joint with the steel wall, welding the aluminum alloy layer with the aluminum alloy wall, not welding the gap, and arranging arc striking small blocks and arc extinguishing small blocks on two sides of the groove during welding respectively; s3, fillet welding is carried out at the opening; and S4, injecting and filling structural adhesive into the gap between the two steel-aluminum composite joints to ensure the sealing property of the welding seam. According to the invention, the fillet welding is carried out at the opening end part of the bulkhead, so that the effective connection between the bulkhead and the steel-aluminum composite joint can be ensured while the cracking of the steel-aluminum composite joint caused by welding is avoided, water vapor and the like are prevented from entering a welding seam along the opening end part by the fillet welding, meanwhile, the stress condition of the end part can be improved, and the stress concentration is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hull structure design, in particular to a method for butt joint and angle joint connection of steel-aluminum composite joints for ships.
Background
The aluminum alloy has the characteristics of low density, high strength, high rigidity, corrosion resistance and the like, and is widely applied to light and secondary bulkheads of ships. The deck material of the ship is usually steel, and a steel-aluminum composite joint is usually adopted to connect the aluminum alloy bulkhead with the deck. As shown in fig. 1, the steel-aluminum composite joint 10 is formed by explosion welding of three materials, i.e., a steel layer 11, an aluminum layer 12, and an aluminum alloy layer 13, and in the specific connection, the steel layer 11 of the steel-aluminum composite joint 10 is connected to a steel wall 20, and the aluminum alloy layer 13 is connected to an aluminum alloy wall 30. The width and thickness of the steel 11, aluminium 12 and aluminium 13 layers are chosen according to the thickness of the steel 20 and aluminium 30 walls, the leg height.
Because the purchased steel-aluminum composite joint is a standard part, when the length of the steel-aluminum composite joint is less than the length of the bulkhead, the two steel-aluminum composite joints need to be butt-welded together. In addition, the upper and lower sills of the aluminum cabin are usually made of steel, and the aluminum cabin is butted with the steel cabin wall through a steel-aluminum composite joint, so that a steel-aluminum composite joint corner joint is formed.
However, when the steel-aluminum composite joint is in butt joint or angle joint connection, interference connection of the joint or damage of a joint boundary layer can be caused by directly adopting conventional welding, and the joint is easy to crack under the action of external force. In order to solve the problem of cracking of the steel-aluminum interface of the composite joint, the chinese patent CN104708238 discloses a method for preventing the steel-aluminum composite material structure from layering, which adopts a separation distance filling method, i.e. the composite joint is directly filled with structural adhesive for connection. The method can avoid the delamination of the composite joint caused by welding heat input factors to a certain extent, but does not consider the influence of large-amplitude temperature change on the control of heat input during arc striking and arc extinguishing during the control of heat input, and also does not consider the problem of stress concentration during the connection of the bulkhead and the steel-aluminum composite joint.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art, and provides a method for connecting a steel-aluminum composite joint for a ship, which can ensure the effective connection of a steel bulkhead and an aluminum alloy bulkhead at the steel-aluminum joint and solve the problem that the joint is easy to crack due to improper welding mode.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a method for connecting steel-aluminum composite joints for ships is suitable for butt joint and angle joint of two steel-aluminum composite joints, and comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively forming openings in the corresponding areas of the steel wall and the aluminum alloy wall at the connection parts with the steel-aluminum composite joints, and ensuring that the distance between the opening end part and the end part of the weldment is larger than the size of a welding leg;
s2, arranging a certain gap at the joint of the steel-aluminum composite joint, welding the steel layer of the steel-aluminum composite joint with the steel wall, welding the aluminum alloy layer with the aluminum alloy wall, not welding the gap, and arranging arc striking small blocks and arc extinguishing small blocks on two sides of the groove during welding respectively;
s3, fillet welding is carried out at the opening;
and S4, injecting and filling structural adhesive into the gap between the two steel-aluminum composite joints to ensure the sealing property of the welding seam.
In the method, when the steel-aluminum composite joints are in butt joint connection, the opening is a semi-oblong opening, and the chamfer radius is equal to the rectangular width.
In the method, when the steel-aluminum composite joint is subjected to angle joint connection, the opening is a fan-shaped opening, and the distance between the edge of the opening and the edge of the notch after the opening is chamfered is not less than the angle joint clearance value.
In the method, when the steel-aluminum composite joints are connected in an angle joint mode, before S1, the two steel-aluminum composite joints are respectively cut at an angle of 45 degrees at the angle joint end portion.
In the method, the gap between the two steel-aluminum composite joints is set to be 4-8 mm.
In the method, the temperature field formed by the welding process specification does not enable the temperature of the steel-aluminum interface to exceed 300 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the steel-aluminum composite joint connecting method for the ship, provided by the invention, is characterized in that openings are formed in the steel wall and the aluminum alloy wall corresponding to the composite joint connecting area, and fillet welding is carried out at the end part of the bulkhead opening, so that the steel-aluminum composite joint is prevented from cracking due to welding, the bulkhead and the steel-aluminum composite joint can be effectively connected, water vapor and the like are prevented from entering a welding line along the end part of the opening through fillet welding, meanwhile, the stress condition of the end part can be improved, and stress concentration is avoided.
2. When the steel-aluminum composite joint is respectively welded with the steel wall and the aluminum alloy wall, arc striking small blocks and arc extinguishing small blocks are arranged on two sides of the groove, so that the welding defect is reduced, and the welding heat input is stably controlled.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a steel-aluminum composite joint;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection of a butt joint of a steel-aluminum composite joint according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of arc striking and extinguishing blocks of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a steel-aluminum composite joint corner joint connection according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of an arc striking and extinguishing block of the present invention;
in the figure: 10. a steel-aluminum composite joint; 11. a steel layer; 12. an aluminum layer; 13. an aluminum alloy layer; 20. a steel wall; 30. an aluminum alloy wall; 40. an arc striking small block; 50. and (5) arc quenching small blocks.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment:
as shown in fig. 2, the method for butt-jointing the steel-aluminum composite joint comprises the following steps:
step 1, respectively forming semi-oblong holes with the diameter of 15mm multiplied by 5mm and the chamfer radius of R5mm on the steel wall 20 and the aluminum alloy wall 30. The length of the opening can be adjusted according to the size of the welding leg and the butt joint clearance, but the distance between the opening end part and the end wall of the weldment is ensured to be larger than the size of the welding leg. Therefore, the boundary layer of the steel-aluminum composite joint is not damaged while the fillet welding of the end part of the bulkhead is finished, and the boundary layer is prevented from being layered due to the welding influence.
And 2, setting a 6mm gap at the butt joint of the steel-aluminum composite joint 10, welding the steel layer 11 of the steel-aluminum composite joint 10 with the steel wall 20, welding the aluminum alloy layer 13 with the aluminum alloy wall 30, and not welding the gap. As shown in fig. 3, arc striking small blocks 40 and arc extinguishing small blocks 50 are respectively arranged on both sides of the groove during welding. The temperature field formed by the welding process specification should not make the temperature of the steel-aluminum interface exceed 300 ℃, reduce welding defects, stably control the input of welding heat, and avoid damaging the boundary layer of the steel-aluminum composite joint 10, thereby causing delamination and cracks.
And 3, fillet welding is carried out at the semi-oblong opening, water vapor and the like are prevented from entering the welding line along the end part of the opening through the fillet welding, meanwhile, the stress condition of the end part can be improved, and stress concentration is avoided.
And 4, injecting and filling structural adhesive into the gap between the two steel-aluminum composite joints 10 to ensure the sealing property of the welding seam.
The butt joint connection method of the steel-aluminum composite joint 10 of the embodiment is applicable to the following objects: the steel wall 20 is a steel enclosure of the ship minor bulkhead, and the aluminum alloy wall 30 is the ship minor bulkhead.
Second embodiment:
as shown in fig. 4, the steel-aluminum composite joint 10 is subjected to angle joint connection, and includes the following steps:
step 1, respectively carrying out 45-degree beveling on the two steel-aluminum composite joints 10 at the angle joint end parts.
And 2, respectively forming fan-shaped holes with the chamfer radius R10mm on the steel wall 20 and the aluminum alloy wall 30. The radius of the fan-shaped opening can be adjusted according to the size of the welding leg and the butt joint clearance, but the distance from the opening end part to the end wall of the weldment is ensured to be larger than the size of the welding leg.
And 3, setting a 6mm gap at the corner joint of the steel-aluminum composite joint 10, welding the steel layer 11 of the steel-aluminum composite joint 10 with the steel wall 20, welding the aluminum alloy layer 13 with the aluminum alloy wall 30, and not welding the gap. During welding, the two sides of the groove are respectively provided with an arc striking small block 40 and an arc extinguishing small block 30. The temperature field created by the welding process specification should not be such that the temperature at the steel-aluminum interface exceeds 300 ℃.
And 4, performing fillet welding at the sector opening.
And 5, injecting and filling structural adhesive into the gap between the two joints to ensure the sealing property of the welding seam.
The steel-aluminum composite joint 10 angle joint connection method of the embodiment is applicable to the following objects: the left upper steel wall 20 is a steel enclosure of a light bulkhead, the lower aluminum alloy wall 30 is a light bulkhead and a secondary bulkhead of a ship, and the right steel wall 20 is a light bulkhead and a secondary bulkhead of the ship.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A connection method of steel-aluminum composite joints for ships is characterized in that the connection method is suitable for butt joint and angle joint of two steel-aluminum composite joints, and comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively forming openings in the corresponding areas of the steel wall and the aluminum alloy wall at the connection parts with the steel-aluminum composite joints, and ensuring that the distance between the opening end part and the end part of the weldment is larger than the size of a welding leg;
s2, arranging a certain gap at the joint of the steel-aluminum composite joint, welding the steel layer of the steel-aluminum composite joint with the steel wall, welding the aluminum alloy layer with the aluminum alloy wall, not welding the gap, and arranging arc striking small blocks and arc extinguishing small blocks on two sides of the groove during welding respectively;
s3, fillet welding is carried out at the opening;
and S4, injecting and filling structural adhesive into the gap between the two steel-aluminum composite joints to ensure the sealing property of the welding seam.
2. The method for connecting the steel-aluminum composite joints for ships according to claim 1, wherein the opening is a semi-oblong opening with a chamfer radius equal to the rectangular width when the steel-aluminum composite joints are in butt joint.
3. The method for connecting the steel-aluminum composite joint for the ship according to claim 1, wherein when the steel-aluminum composite joint is subjected to angle joint connection, the opening is a fan-shaped opening, and the distance from the edge of the opening to the edge of the notch after the opening is chamfered is not less than the angle joint clearance value.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein when the steel-aluminum composite joints are connected at an angle, the two steel-aluminum composite joints are respectively cut at an angle of 45 degrees at the angle end before S1.
5. The method for connecting the steel-aluminum composite joints for ships according to claim 1, wherein a gap between two steel-aluminum composite joints is set to be 4-8 mm.
6. The method for connecting the steel-aluminum composite joint for the ship according to claim 1, wherein a temperature field formed by a welding process specification does not make the temperature of a steel-aluminum interface exceed 300 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010541773.6A CN111761168A (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2020-06-15 | Steel-aluminum composite joint connection method for ships |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010541773.6A CN111761168A (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2020-06-15 | Steel-aluminum composite joint connection method for ships |
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| CN111761168A true CN111761168A (en) | 2020-10-13 |
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| CN202010541773.6A Pending CN111761168A (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2020-06-15 | Steel-aluminum composite joint connection method for ships |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112658443A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-16 | 江苏利柏特股份有限公司 | Manual argon tungsten-arc welding process method for steel-aluminum connector |
| CN112658525A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-04-16 | 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 | Method for welding steel-aluminum transition joint |
| CN115027639A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-09 | 江南造船(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for connecting ship main body and superstructure |
| CN115071945A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-09-20 | 江南造船(集团)有限责任公司 | Boats and ships ventilation pillar connection structure and boats and ships |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112658525A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-04-16 | 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 | Method for welding steel-aluminum transition joint |
| CN112658443A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-16 | 江苏利柏特股份有限公司 | Manual argon tungsten-arc welding process method for steel-aluminum connector |
| CN115027639A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-09 | 江南造船(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for connecting ship main body and superstructure |
| CN115071945A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-09-20 | 江南造船(集团)有限责任公司 | Boats and ships ventilation pillar connection structure and boats and ships |
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