CN111750417A - Heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module-heat pump-phase change floor coupling system and method - Google Patents
Heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module-heat pump-phase change floor coupling system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111750417A CN111750417A CN202010752435.7A CN202010752435A CN111750417A CN 111750417 A CN111750417 A CN 111750417A CN 202010752435 A CN202010752435 A CN 202010752435A CN 111750417 A CN111750417 A CN 111750417A
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D15/00—Other domestic- or space-heating systems
- F24D15/04—Other domestic- or space-heating systems using heat pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D15/00—Other domestic- or space-heating systems
- F24D15/02—Other domestic- or space-heating systems consisting of self-contained heating units, e.g. storage heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/90—Solar heat collectors using working fluids using internal thermosiphonic circulation
- F24S10/95—Solar heat collectors using working fluids using internal thermosiphonic circulation having evaporator sections and condenser sections, e.g. heat pipes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/40—Thermal components
- H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
- Central Heating Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module-heat pump-phase change floor coupling system and a working method, wherein the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module-heat pump-phase change floor coupling system comprises a heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module, a heat exchange system, a heat pump system and a power supply system; in non-heating seasons, the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module and the water-cooling heat exchanger run in a combined mode, and hot water can be provided for buildings; meanwhile, the heat pump system reversely runs and cools the floor to provide cold for the building. In the heating season, in the daytime, the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module and the floor heat exchanger operate in a combined mode, the floor layer is heated by solar energy, redundant heat is stored in the phase change material inside the floor heat exchanger, the phase change material stored inside the floor heat exchanger releases heat to supply heat indoors at night, and when the heat is insufficient, the heat pump operates to continuously provide heat for the building.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of combination of a photovoltaic photo-thermal technology and a building, and particularly relates to application of a heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal system and a floor heating technology in the building.
Background
Photovoltaic light and heat system has the electricity generation, prepares multiple functions such as domestic hot water and indoor heating to its structure can with building perfect adaptation, however the photovoltaic light and heat system of present stage adopts hydrologic cycle more, has the easy problem that freezes, heat transfer efficiency is low, can't refrigerate in summer and can't heat supply night in the season of heating.
The separated heat pipe technology is combined with the photovoltaic photo-thermal technology for use, so that the comprehensive utilization rate of solar energy can be improved, the problem of pipeline refrigeration can be solved, the heat pump technology is combined with the separated heat pipe technology, the cooling function in summer can be realized, and the problem of insufficient heat in the process of complementing photovoltaic photo-thermal heating in winter can be solved. By adding phase change materials in the system, the flexibility of the system can be increased, and the indoor comfort level can be improved under the condition that the photovoltaic photothermal module is fully utilized to generate heat. Therefore, the separated heat pipe technology, the heat pump technology and the phase-change material are coupled together, so that the system has more diversified functions and stronger practicability and comfort on the basis of improving the photoelectric and photothermal comprehensive efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module-heat pump-phase change floor coupling system and a working method, aiming at the problems that the existing photovoltaic photo-thermal system is single in cooling mode, low in heat exchange efficiency, incapable of refrigerating and the like. The system combines the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module with the heat pump and the phase-change material, and takes the water-cooled condenser and the floor condenser as a part of the separated heat pipe, so that the photoelectric photo-thermal comprehensive efficiency of the photovoltaic photo-thermal module is improved on the basis of fully utilizing the obtained heat energy; meanwhile, the addition of the phase-change material can store the redundant heat in the daytime and use the heat at night in the heating season; the heat pump system can be more stable, insufficient heat can be supplemented in the heating season, and cooling requirements can be met in summer.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module-heat pump-phase change floor coupling system comprises a heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module 1, a heat exchange system, a heat pump system and a power supply system;
the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module 1 is placed on the surface of the sunny side of a building wall 26 and used as a solar heat receiving device of a system, the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module 1 comprises a heat insulation layer 7 on the surface of the wall 26, a micro-channel heat pipe evaporator 6 on the outer side of the heat insulation layer 7, a heat absorption plate 5 on the outer side of the micro-channel heat pipe evaporator 6, a solar cell array 4 fixed on the sunny side of the heat absorption plate 5, a glass plate 2 on the outer side of the solar cell array 4, and a heat insulation air layer 3 between the glass plate 2 and the solar cell array 4, and the upper end and the lower end of the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module 1 are;
the heat exchange system comprises a water-cooling heat exchanger 12 arranged at a user end 29 and an indoor floor heat exchanger 15; the water-cooled heat exchanger 12 comprises a heat-preservation water tank 11 and a water-cooled condenser 10 inside the heat-preservation water tank 11; the floor heat exchanger 15 comprises a floor layer 18, a floor condenser 16 inside the floor layer 18, and a phase-change heat storage material 17 filled between the inside of the floor layer 18 and the floor condenser 16; the water-cooled condenser 10 and the floor condenser 16 are arranged at positions higher than the solar photovoltaic thermal module 1; the micro-channel heat pipe evaporator 6 in the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module 1 respectively forms a separated heat pipe system with a water-cooled condenser 10 and a floor condenser 16, the upper end outlet of the micro-channel heat pipe evaporator 6 is connected with the inlet of the water-cooled condenser 10 through a water-cooled heat exchanger inlet valve 9, the outlet of the water-cooled condenser 10 is connected with the lower end inlet of the micro-channel heat pipe evaporator 6 through a water-cooled heat exchanger outlet valve 13, and a water-cooled heat pipe heat transfer system is formed; a hot water outlet leading to the client is arranged on the heat preservation water tank 11; the upper outlet of the microchannel heat pipe evaporator 6 is connected to a floor condenser 16 via a floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side inlet valve 14; the outlet of the floor condenser 16 is connected to the lower inlet of the micro-channel heat pipe evaporator 6 through a floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side outlet valve 19 to form a floor cooling heat pipe heat transfer system;
the heat pump system comprises an air-cooled heat exchanger 22, a compressor 23 with a gas-liquid separator 30 and a four-way reversing valve 24, wherein the four-way reversing valve 24 is fixed above the compressor 23, a first interface 241 of the four-way reversing valve 24 is communicated with an outlet of the compressor 23, a second interface 242 is communicated with the left end of a ground plate condenser 16 through a floor heat exchanger-heat pump side inlet valve 25, a third interface 243 is communicated with an inlet of the air-liquid separator 30, and a fourth interface 244 is communicated with an inlet of the air-cooled heat exchanger 22; the outlet of the air-cooled heat exchanger 22 is connected to the right end of the floor condenser 16 through a capillary tube 21 and a floor heat exchanger-heat pump side outlet valve 20 to form a heat pump heat transfer system;
the power supply system comprises a solar cell array 4 connected with a solar storage battery 27, the solar storage battery 27 is connected with a solar inversion system 28, and the solar inversion system 28 is connected to a user terminal 29.
As a preferred mode, the phase-change heat storage material 17 is an inorganic phase-change material, and the formula is as follows by mass percent: 27 percent of calcium chloride hexahydrate, 23 percent of strontium chloride hexahydrate, 7.5 percent of maleic anhydride, 6.5 percent of sodium formate, 7.5 percent of sodium chloride, 3.5 percent of potassium persulfate and 25 percent of water, and the phase transition temperature is 40-45 ℃.
Preferably, the system comprises 2 operating modes: a cooling mode and a heating mode, wherein in the cooling mode, the second port 242 and the third port 243 of the four-way reversing valve 24 are communicated, and the first port 241 and the fourth port 244 are communicated; in the heating mode, the first port 241 and the second port 242 are connected, and the third port 243 and the fourth port 244 are connected.
Preferably, the solar cell array 4, the heat absorbing plate 5 and the microchannel heat pipe evaporator 6 are laminated together by a hot melt adhesive.
Preferably, the heat pump operates to simultaneously supply cooling or heating to the two-story building through the floor heat exchanger 15.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a working method of the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module-heat pump-phase change floor coupling system, which comprises:
in non-heating seasons, the floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side inlet valve 14, the floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side outlet valve 19 are closed, other valves are opened, the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module 1 is communicated with the water-cooled condenser 10, the working medium in the microchannel heat pipe evaporator 6 absorbs heat in the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module 1 and changes from liquid state to gas state, the gas working medium reaches the water-cooled condenser 10 along a pipeline and carries out phase change heat exchange with low-temperature water in the heat preservation water tank 11 in the water-cooled condenser 10, meanwhile, the working medium changes from gas state to liquid state, the liquid working medium after heat exchange is subjected to the action of gravity and flows back to the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module 1 through the water; when a building needs refrigeration, the heat pump system enters a refrigeration mode, the heat pump system takes the floor heat exchanger 15 as an evaporator to absorb heat of the floor layer 18, a working medium changes from a liquid state to a gas state and then enters the compressor 23 through the four-way reversing valve 24, the flow direction is changed through the four-way reversing valve 24, the second interface 242 and the third interface 243 of the four-way reversing valve are communicated, the first interface 241 and the fourth interface 244 are communicated, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas working medium is discharged from the outlet of the compressor 23 and flows to the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger 22, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas working medium is released and condensed in the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger 22 to be changed into a liquid state, the condensed working medium enters the right end of the floor condenser 16 of the floor heat exchanger 15 through the capillary tube 21 and the floor heat exchanger-heat pump side outlet valve 20, the heat absorption is evaporated in the floor condenser 16 to cool the floor layer 18, thereby realizing the indoor cooling;
in the heating season, in the daytime, the floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side inlet valve 14 and the floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side outlet valve 19 are opened, the water-cooling heat exchanger inlet valve 9 and the water-cooling heat exchanger outlet valve 13 are closed, the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module 1 is communicated with the floor heat exchanger 15, heat from the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module 1 enters the micro-channel heat pipe evaporator 6, is guided into the floor heat exchanger 15 through the floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side inlet valve 14, the floor layer 18 is heated by solar energy for indoor heating, and redundant heat is stored in the phase change heat storage material 17 in the floor heat exchanger; at night, the phase change heat storage material 17 stored in the floor heat exchanger 15 releases heat to heat a building; when the heat dissipation capacity of the phase change heat storage material 17 in the floor heat exchanger 15 does not meet the indoor temperature requirement, the heat pump system is started, the floor heat exchanger-heat pump side inlet valve 25, the floor heat exchanger-heat pump side outlet valve 20 are started, the floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side inlet valve 14 and the floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side outlet valve 19 are closed, the first interface 241 and the second interface 242 are communicated through the flow direction change of the four-way reversing valve 24, the third interface 243 and the fourth interface 244 are communicated, the air-cooled heat exchanger 22 absorbs heat in outdoor air, the heat enters the compressor 23 through the four-way reversing valve 24, high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working media from the outlet of the compressor 23 enter the left end of the floor condenser 16 through the floor heat exchanger-heat pump side inlet valve 25, and the heat is released through the floor heat exchanger 15 to; the working medium is subjected to heat release and condensation in the floor heat exchanger 15 to become liquid, the condensed working medium enters the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger 22 through the floor heat exchanger-heat pump side outlet valve 20 and the capillary tube 21 to be evaporated, the heat in outdoor air is absorbed, and the heat-absorbed working medium enters the compressor to continue circulation, so that indoor heating is realized;
the solar storage battery 27 stores the electric energy from the solar photovoltaic/thermal module 1, and the solar inversion system 28 converts the direct current in the solar storage battery 27 into alternating current for supplying to the user terminal 29.
The technical concept of the system of the invention is as follows: the functions of heating, cooling and supplying domestic hot water for buildings are realized by coupling a heat pipe type solar photovoltaic photo-thermal system, a heat pump system and a phase-change material. But in non-heating season heat pipe formula photovoltaic light and heat system alone operation for building power supply and hot water, when the building has the refrigeration demand, heat pump system can be for the building cooling. In the heating season, the heat pipe type solar photovoltaic photo-thermal system is combined with the phase-change material and the heat pump system, so that the building can be heated continuously on the basis of fully utilizing the heat of the solar energy to heat.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention combines the heat pipe type solar photovoltaic photo-thermal system with the heat pump system and the phase-change material, can provide electric energy, hot water, heating and cooling functions for buildings, and realizes the diversification of system functions.
2. The photovoltaic photo-thermal module adopts the heat pipe to transfer heat, and the problems that pipelines are easy to freeze in winter and the heat transfer efficiency is low are solved.
3. The phase-change heat storage material is added into the floor heat exchanger, so that the heat obtained by the photovoltaic photothermal module is effectively and reasonably regulated and controlled, and the solar utilization rate is improved.
4. The introduction of the floor heat exchanger can realize the cooling and heating of the upper and lower buildings at the same time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat pipe type photovoltaic and photothermal module-heat pump-phase change floor coupling system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a plan view of a hot water making mode in which the non-heating season heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal system and the water-cooled heat exchanger jointly operate according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a plan view of a cooling mode of a heat pump system in a non-heating season according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a plan view of an indoor heating mode in which the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module and the floor heat exchanger are operated in combination in the heating season according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a plan view of a heating mode of the heat pump system at night in the heating season according to the embodiment of the invention;
in the figure, 1 is a heat pipe type photovoltaic and thermal module, 2 is a glass plate, 3 is a heat insulation air layer, 4 is a solar cell array, 5 is a heat absorption plate, 6 is a microchannel heat pipe evaporator, 7 is a heat insulation layer, 8 is a photovoltaic and thermal module frame, 9 is a water-cooled heat exchanger inlet valve, 10 is a water-cooled condenser, 11 is a heat insulation water tank, 12 is a water-cooled heat exchanger, 13 is a water-cooled heat exchanger outlet valve, 14 is a floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side inlet valve, 15 is a floor heat exchanger, 16 is a floor condenser, 17 is a phase change heat storage material, 18 is a floor layer, 19 is a floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side outlet valve, 20 is a floor heat exchanger-heat pump side outlet valve, 21 is a capillary tube, 22 is an air-cooled heat exchanger, 23 is a compressor, 24 is a four-way reversing valve, 241 is a first interface, 242 is a second interface, 243 is a third, 25 is a floor heat exchanger-heat pump side inlet valve, 26 is a wall, 27 is a solar storage battery, 28 is a solar inversion system, 29 is a user side, and 30 is a gas-liquid separator.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a heat pipe type photovoltaic and thermal module-heat pump-phase change floor coupling system comprises a heat pipe type photovoltaic and thermal module 1, a heat exchange system, a heat pump system and a power supply system;
the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module 1 is placed on the surface of the sunny side of a building wall 26 and used as a solar heat receiving device of a system, the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module 1 comprises a heat insulation layer 7 on the surface of the wall 26, a micro-channel heat pipe evaporator 6 on the outer side of the heat insulation layer 7, a heat absorption plate 5 on the outer side of the micro-channel heat pipe evaporator 6, a solar cell array 4 fixed on the sunny side of the heat absorption plate 5, a glass plate 2 on the outer side of the solar cell array 4, and a heat insulation air layer 3 between the glass plate 2 and the solar cell array 4, and the upper end and the lower end of the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module 1 are;
the heat exchange system comprises a water-cooling heat exchanger 12 arranged at a user end 29 and an indoor floor heat exchanger 15; the water-cooled heat exchanger 12 comprises a heat-preservation water tank 11 and a water-cooled condenser 10 inside the heat-preservation water tank 11; the floor heat exchanger 15 comprises a floor layer 18, a floor condenser 16 inside the floor layer 18, and a phase-change heat storage material 17 filled between the inside of the floor layer 18 and the floor condenser 16; the water-cooled condenser 10 and the floor condenser 16 are arranged at positions higher than the solar photovoltaic thermal module 1; the micro-channel heat pipe evaporator 6 in the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module 1 respectively forms a separated heat pipe system with a water-cooled condenser 10 and a floor condenser 16, the upper end outlet of the micro-channel heat pipe evaporator 6 is connected with the inlet of the water-cooled condenser 10 through a water-cooled heat exchanger inlet valve 9, the outlet of the water-cooled condenser 10 is connected with the lower end inlet of the micro-channel heat pipe evaporator 6 through a water-cooled heat exchanger outlet valve 13, and a water-cooled heat pipe heat transfer system is formed; a hot water outlet leading to the client is arranged on the heat preservation water tank 11; the upper outlet of the microchannel heat pipe evaporator 6 is connected to a floor condenser 16 via a floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side inlet valve 14; the outlet of the floor condenser 16 is connected to the lower inlet of the micro-channel heat pipe evaporator 6 through a floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side outlet valve 19 to form a floor cooling heat pipe heat transfer system;
the heat pump system comprises an air-cooled heat exchanger 22, a compressor 23 with a gas-liquid separator 30 and a four-way reversing valve 24, wherein the four-way reversing valve 24 is fixed above the compressor 23, a first interface 241 of the four-way reversing valve 24 is communicated with an outlet of the compressor 23, a second interface 242 is communicated with the left end of a ground plate condenser 16 through a floor heat exchanger-heat pump side inlet valve 25, a third interface 243 is communicated with an inlet of the air-liquid separator 30, and a fourth interface 244 is communicated with an inlet of the air-cooled heat exchanger 22; the outlet of the air-cooled heat exchanger 22 is connected to the right end of the floor condenser 16 through a capillary tube 21 and a floor heat exchanger-heat pump side outlet valve 20 to form a heat pump heat transfer system;
the power supply system comprises a solar cell array 4 connected with a solar storage battery 27, the solar storage battery 27 is connected with a solar inversion system 28, and the solar inversion system 28 is connected to a user terminal 29.
The phase-change heat storage material 17 adopts an inorganic phase-change material, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 27 percent of calcium chloride hexahydrate, 23 percent of strontium chloride hexahydrate, 7.5 percent of maleic anhydride, 6.5 percent of sodium formate, 7.5 percent of sodium chloride, 3.5 percent of potassium persulfate and 25 percent of water, and the phase transition temperature is 40-45 ℃.
The embodiment also provides a working method of the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module-heat pump-phase change floor coupling system, which comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 2, in non-heating seasons, the floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side inlet valve 14, the floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side outlet valve 19 are closed, other valves are opened, the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module 1 is connected with the water-cooled condenser 10, the working medium in the microchannel heat pipe evaporator 6 absorbs heat in the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module 1 and changes from liquid state to gas state, the gas working medium reaches the water-cooled condenser 10 along the pipeline and performs phase change heat exchange with low-temperature water in the heat-preservation water tank 11 in the water-cooled condenser 10, meanwhile, the working medium changes from gas state to liquid state, and the liquid working medium after heat exchange is subjected to the action of gravity and flows back to the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module 1; as shown in fig. 3, when the building needs refrigeration, the heat pump system enters a refrigeration mode, the heat pump system absorbs heat of the floor layer 18 by using the floor heat exchanger 15 as an evaporator, the working medium changes phase from liquid to gas and then enters the compressor 23 through the four-way reversing valve 24, the flow direction is changed through the four-way reversing valve 24, the second interface 242 and the third interface 243 of the four-way reversing valve are communicated, the first interface 241 and the fourth interface 244 are communicated, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working medium is discharged from the outlet of the compressor 23 and flows to the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger 22, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working medium is discharged from the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger 22 and is condensed into liquid in the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger 22, the condensed working medium enters the right end of the floor condenser 16 of the floor heat exchanger 15 through the capillary tube 21 and the floor heat exchanger-heat pump side outlet valve 20, the floor layer 18 is cooled by evaporation in the floor condenser 16, thereby realizing the indoor cooling;
as shown in fig. 4, in the heating season, during daytime, the floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side inlet valve 14 and the floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side outlet valve 19 are opened, the water-cooling heat exchanger inlet valve 9 and the water-cooling heat exchanger outlet valve 13 are closed, the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module 1 is connected with the floor heat exchanger 15, heat from the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module 1 enters the microchannel heat pipe evaporator 6, is introduced into the floor heat exchanger 15 through the floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side inlet valve 14, the floor layer 18 is heated by solar energy for indoor heating, and redundant heat is stored in the phase change heat storage material 17 inside the floor heat exchanger; at night, the phase change heat storage material 17 stored in the floor heat exchanger 15 releases heat to heat a building; as shown in fig. 5, when the heat dissipation capacity of the phase change heat storage material 17 in the floor heat exchanger 15 does not reach the indoor temperature requirement, the heat pump system is opened, the floor heat exchanger-heat pump side inlet valve 25, the floor heat exchanger-heat pump side outlet valve 20 are opened, the floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side inlet valve 14 and the floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side outlet valve 19 are closed, the flow direction is changed through the four-way reversing valve 24, the first interface 241 is communicated with the second interface 242, the third interface 243 is communicated with the fourth interface 244, the air-cooled heat exchanger 22 absorbs heat in outdoor air, the heat enters the compressor 23 through the four-way reversing valve 24, high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working media from the outlet of the compressor 23 enter the left end of the floor condenser 16 through the floor heat exchanger-heat pump side inlet valve 25, and the heat is released through the floor heat exchanger 15 to supply heat to the indoor space; the working medium is subjected to heat release and condensation in the floor heat exchanger 15 to become liquid, the condensed working medium enters the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger 22 through the floor heat exchanger-heat pump side outlet valve 20 and the capillary tube 21 to be evaporated, the heat in outdoor air is absorbed, and the heat-absorbed working medium enters the compressor to continue circulation, so that indoor heating is realized;
the solar storage battery 27 stores the electric energy from the solar photovoltaic/thermal module 1, and the solar inversion system 28 converts the direct current in the solar storage battery 27 into alternating current for supplying to the user terminal 29.
While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a heat pipe formula photovoltaic light and heat module-heat pump-phase transition floor coupled system which characterized in that: the solar heat collector comprises a heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module (1), a heat exchange system, a heat pump system and a power supply system;
the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module (1) is placed on the surface of the sunny side of a building wall body (26) and used as a solar heat receiving device of a system, the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module (1) comprises a heat insulation layer (7) on the surface of the wall body (26), a micro-channel heat pipe evaporator (6) on the outer side of the heat insulation layer (7), a heat absorption plate (5) on the outer side of the micro-channel heat pipe evaporator (6), a solar cell array (4) fixed on the sunny side of the heat absorption plate (5), a glass plate (2) on the outer side of the solar cell array (4), a heat insulation air layer (3) between the glass plate (2) and the solar cell array (4), and the upper end and the lower end of the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module (1) are sealed;
the heat exchange system comprises a water-cooling heat exchanger (12) arranged at a user end (29) and a floor heat exchanger (15) positioned indoors; the water-cooled heat exchanger (12) comprises a heat-preservation water tank (11) and a water-cooled condenser (10) inside the heat-preservation water tank (11); the floor heat exchanger (15) comprises a floor layer (18), a floor condenser (16) inside the floor layer (18), and a phase-change heat storage material (17) filled between the inside of the floor layer (18) and the floor condenser (16); the water-cooled condenser (10) and the floor condenser (16) are arranged at positions higher than the solar photovoltaic thermal module (1); a microchannel heat pipe evaporator (6) in a heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module (1) respectively forms a separated heat pipe system with a water-cooled condenser (10) and a floor condenser (16), an upper end outlet of the microchannel heat pipe evaporator (6) is connected with an inlet of the water-cooled condenser (10) through a water-cooled heat exchanger inlet valve (9), an outlet of the water-cooled condenser (10) is connected with a lower end inlet of the microchannel heat pipe evaporator (6) through a water-cooled heat exchanger outlet valve (13), and a water-cooled heat pipe heat transfer system is formed; a hot water outlet leading to the client is arranged on the heat preservation water tank (11); the upper end outlet of the micro-channel heat pipe evaporator (6) is connected to a floor condenser (16) through a floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side inlet valve (14); the outlet of the floor condenser (16) is connected to the lower inlet of the micro-channel heat pipe evaporator (6) through a floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side outlet valve (19) to form a floor cooling heat pipe heat transfer system;
the heat pump system comprises an air-cooled heat exchanger (22), a compressor (23) with a gas-liquid separator (30), and a four-way reversing valve (24), wherein the four-way reversing valve (24) is fixed above the compressor (23), a first interface (241) of the four-way reversing valve (24) is communicated with an outlet of the compressor (23), a second interface (242) is communicated with an inlet of a ground plate condenser (16) through a floor heat exchanger-heat pump side inlet valve (25), a third interface (243) is connected with an inlet of the air-liquid separator (30), and a fourth interface (244) is communicated with an inlet of the air-cooled heat exchanger (22); the outlet of the air-cooled heat exchanger (22) is connected to the right end of the floor condenser (16) through a capillary tube (21) and a floor heat exchanger-heat pump side outlet valve (20) to form a heat pump heat transfer system;
the power supply system comprises a solar cell array (4) connected with a solar storage battery (27), the solar storage battery (27) is connected with a solar inversion system (28), and the solar inversion system (28) is connected to a user side (29).
2. The heat pipe type photovoltaic and thermal module-heat pump-phase change floor coupling system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the phase-change heat storage material (17) is an inorganic phase-change material and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 27 percent of calcium chloride hexahydrate, 23 percent of strontium chloride hexahydrate, 7.5 percent of maleic anhydride, 6.5 percent of sodium formate, 7.5 percent of sodium chloride, 3.5 percent of potassium persulfate and 25 percent of water, and the phase transition temperature is 40-45 ℃.
3. The heat pipe photovoltaic photo-thermal module-heat pump-phase change floor coupling system of claim 1, wherein: the system comprises 2 working modes: the four-way reversing valve comprises a refrigeration mode and a heating mode, wherein a second interface (242) and a third interface (243) of the four-way reversing valve (24) are communicated in the refrigeration mode, and a first interface (241) and a fourth interface (244) are communicated; in the heating mode, the first interface (241) is connected with the second interface (242), and the third interface (243) is connected with the fourth interface (244).
4. The heat pipe photovoltaic photo-thermal module-heat pump-phase change floor coupling system of claim 1, wherein: the solar cell array (4), the heat absorption plate (5) and the micro-channel heat pipe evaporator (6) are laminated together through hot melt adhesive.
5. The method of operating the heat pipe photovoltaic thermal module-heat pump-phase change floor coupling system of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein:
in non-heating seasons, a floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side inlet valve (14), a floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side outlet valve (19) is closed, other valves are opened, a heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module (1) is communicated with a water-cooled condenser (10), a working medium in a microchannel heat pipe evaporator (6) absorbs heat in the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module (1) and is changed from a liquid state to a gas state, the gas working medium reaches the water-cooled condenser (10) along a pipeline and carries out phase change heat exchange with low-temperature water in a heat-preservation water tank (11) in the water-cooled condenser (10), meanwhile, the working medium is changed from the gas state to the liquid state, the liquid working medium after heat exchange is subjected to the action of gravity, and flows back to the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module (1; when a building needs refrigeration, the heat pump system enters a refrigeration mode, the heat pump system absorbs heat of a floor layer (18) by taking a floor heat exchanger (15) as an evaporator, a working medium is changed into a gas state from a liquid state and then enters a compressor (23) through a four-way reversing valve (24), the flow direction of the working medium is changed through the four-way reversing valve (24), a second interface (242) and a third interface (243) of the four-way reversing valve are communicated, a first interface (241) and a fourth interface (244) of the four-way reversing valve are communicated, a high-temperature and high-pressure gas working medium is discharged from an outlet of the compressor (23) and flows to an outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger (22), the high-temperature and high-pressure gas working medium is released and condensed in the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger (22) to be changed into a liquid state, the condensed working medium enters the right end of a floor condenser (16) of the floor heat exchanger (15) through a, the working medium after absorbing heat enters a compressor (23) from the left end of a floor condenser (16) through a floor heat exchanger-heat pump side inlet valve (25) to continue circulating, so that indoor cooling is realized;
in the heating season, in the daytime, a floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side inlet valve (14) and a floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side outlet valve (19) are opened, a water-cooling heat exchanger inlet valve (9) and a water-cooling heat exchanger outlet valve (13) are closed, a heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module (1) is communicated with a floor heat exchanger (15), heat from the heat pipe type photovoltaic photo-thermal module (1) enters a micro-channel heat pipe evaporator (6), is guided into the floor heat exchanger (15) through the floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side inlet valve (14), a floor layer (18) is heated by solar energy for indoor heating, and redundant heat is stored in a phase-change heat storage material (17) inside the floor heat exchanger; at night, the phase change heat storage material (17) stored in the floor heat exchanger (15) releases heat to heat a building; when the heat dissipation capacity of the phase change heat storage material (17) in the floor heat exchanger (15) does not meet the indoor temperature requirement, the heat pump system is started, the floor heat exchanger-heat pump side inlet valve (25), the floor heat exchanger-heat pump side outlet valve (20) are started, the floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side inlet valve (14) and the floor heat exchanger-heat pipe side outlet valve (19) are closed, the first interface (241) and the second interface (242) are communicated through the change of the flow direction of the four-way reversing valve (24), the third interface (243) and the fourth interface (244) are communicated, the air-cooled heat exchanger (22) absorbs the heat in the outdoor air, the heat enters the compressor (23) through the four-way reversing valve (24), the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working medium from the outlet of the compressor (23) enters the left end of the floor condenser (16) through the floor heat exchanger-heat pump side inlet valve (25, heat is released through the floor heat exchanger (15) to supply heat to the room; the working medium is subjected to heat release and condensation in the floor heat exchanger (15) to become liquid, the condensed working medium enters the outdoor air-cooled heat exchanger (22) through the floor heat exchanger-heat pump side outlet valve (20) and the capillary tube (21) to be evaporated, the heat in outdoor air is absorbed, and the heat-absorbed working medium enters the compressor to continue to circulate, so that indoor heating is realized;
the solar storage battery (27) stores electric energy from the solar photovoltaic/thermal module (1), and the solar inversion system (28) converts direct current in the solar storage battery (27) into alternating current to be supplied to a user end (29).
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