CN111744479A - 镍负载高比表面活性炭材料 - Google Patents
镍负载高比表面活性炭材料 Download PDFInfo
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 title description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical group [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 30
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/61—Surface area
- B01J35/618—Surface area more than 1000 m2/g
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/18—Carbon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
- B01J23/755—Nickel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/33—Electric or magnetic properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/63—Pore volume
- B01J35/633—Pore volume less than 0.5 ml/g
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- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/63—Pore volume
- B01J35/635—0.5-1.0 ml/g
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/64—Pore diameter
- B01J35/647—2-50 nm
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- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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Abstract
本发明涉及活性炭材料领域，尤其是镍负载高比表面活性炭材料。所述活性炭材料的各种原料的重量份数为：聚(4‑苯乙烯磺酸‑共聚‑马来酸)钠盐20‑40份、NiCl2溶液0.2‑4份、碱性沉淀剂20‑80份。本申请因为具有较大的比表面积，能够很好的分散金属催化剂，增大催化剂活性位点的暴露，提升催化效率；活性炭材料本身稳定，作为催化剂载体更能够有效的评估金属催化剂的本征活性。活性炭的碳源来源广泛，以碳元素为主的生物质、石油加工品等均可以通过热解制备出活性炭。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及活性炭材料领域，尤其是镍负载高比表面活性炭材料。
背景技术
随着化石燃料的逐渐减少和环境危机的加剧，通过电化学析氢制备清洁的氢气成为替代化石能源的重要选择。当前，小型商业催化剂材料主要是贵金属基材料，例如Pt基材料。由于贵金属的稀缺和高成本限制了大规模的商业使用。目前急需寻找一种成本低廉的金属催化剂替代贵金属催化剂，降低成本，从而能够实现大规模商业生产。但是纯金属催化剂普遍存在金属颗粒分散性差，导致催化活性低，而负载型催化剂能够很好的解决这一问题。但是载体的选择要求较高，需要具有以下性质：导电性优良，耐腐蚀性好，能够有效提升催化剂分散情况等。
碳元素地球储量丰富，碳的化合物存在sp2杂化，sp3杂化，sp2与sp3杂化等多种形式。活性炭是由C＝C键的sp2杂化与C-C键的sp3杂化结构共存，可以构成空间骨架形式，表面积和孔体积与碳结构有直接关系，因此活性炭材料的制备直接影响活性炭的物理化学特性。活性炭多孔材料因为具有较大的比表面积，能够很好的分散金属催化剂，增大催化剂活性位点的暴露，提升催化效率；活性炭材料本身稳定，作为催化剂载体更能够有效的评估金属催化剂的本征活性。活性炭的碳源来源广泛，以碳元素为主的生物质、石油加工品等均可以通过热解制备出活性炭。生物质活性炭由于其成分复杂，原料预处理难度大，难以制备出性能稳定高效的活性炭催化剂，石油加工品制备活性炭对环境污染严重，因此现有的活性炭均不能作为理想活性炭负载型催化剂材料。
发明内容
为了解决背景技术中描述的技术问题，本发明提供了一种镍负载高比表面活性炭材料，本申请因为具有较大的比表面积，能够很好的分散金属催化剂，增大催化剂活性位点的暴露，提升催化效率；活性炭材料本身稳定，作为催化剂载体更能够有效的评估金属催化剂的本征活性。活性炭的碳源来源广泛，以碳元素为主的生物质、石油加工品等均可以通过热解制备出活性炭。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：
一种镍负载高比表面活性炭材料，所述活性炭材料的各种原料的重量份数为：
聚(4-苯乙烯磺酸-共聚-马来酸)钠盐20-40份、NiCl2溶液0.2-4份、碱性沉淀剂20-80份。
具体地，所述聚(4-苯乙烯磺酸-共聚-马来酸)钠盐30-40份、NiCl2溶液0.3-4份、碱性沉淀剂50-80份。
具体地，所述NiCl2溶液浓度为130g/L。
具体地，所述碱性沉淀剂浓度为525g/L。
具体地，所述碱性沉淀剂为NH4OH溶液或碳酸铵溶液。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明提供了一种镍负载高比表面活性炭材料，本申请因为具有较大的比表面积，能够很好的分散金属催化剂，增大催化剂活性位点的暴露，提升催化效率；活性炭材料本身稳定，作为催化剂载体更能够有效的评估金属催化剂的本征活性。活性炭的碳源来源广泛，以碳元素为主的生物质、石油加工品等均可以通过热解制备出活性炭。
具体实施方式
实施例一：
a.将20份聚(4-苯乙烯磺酸-共聚-马来酸)钠盐、0.2份NiCl2溶液、20份NH4OH溶液放入200摄氏度的油浴锅中油浴2小时后取出烘干。NiCl2溶液浓度为130g/L、NH4OH溶液浓度为525g/L。
b.烘干后置于管式炉中，在800摄氏度的氮气气氛下热解40分钟后得到产品；氮气的流量为300mL/min；管式炉的加热速率为50℃/min。
c.将产品冷却后洗涤三天，直到产品洗涤液呈现中性，取出烘干后得到该活性炭。
镍负载高比表面活性炭材料的比表面积为1140(m2/g-1)，总孔容积为0.58(cm3/g-1)，微孔孔容为0.46(cm3/g-1)，中孔孔容在总孔孔容中的占比为0.21，平均孔径为2.15(nm)。
实施例二：
a.将40份聚(4-苯乙烯磺酸-共聚-马来酸)钠盐、4份NiCl2溶液、80份NH4OH溶液放入200摄氏度的油浴锅中油浴2小时后取出烘干。NiCl2溶液浓度为130g/L、NH4OH溶液浓度为525g/L。
b.烘干后置于管式炉中，在800摄氏度的氮气气氛下热解40分钟后得到产品；氮气的流量为300mL/min；管式炉的加热速率为50℃/min。
c.将产品冷却后洗涤三天，直到产品洗涤液呈现中性，取出烘干后得到该活性炭。
镍负载高比表面活性炭材料的比表面积为1138(m2/g-1)，总孔容积为0.54(cm3/g-1)，微孔孔容为0.45(cm3/g-1)，中孔孔容在总孔孔容中的占比为0.23，平均孔径为2.12(nm)。
实施例三：
a.将30份聚(4-苯乙烯磺酸-共聚-马来酸)钠盐、0.3份NiCl2溶液、50份NH4OH溶液放入200摄氏度的油浴锅中油浴2小时后取出烘干。NiCl2溶液浓度为130g/L、NH4OH溶液浓度为525g/L。
b.烘干后置于管式炉中，在800摄氏度的氮气气氛下热解40分钟后得到产品；氮气的流量为300mL/min；管式炉的加热速率为50℃/min。
c.将产品冷却后洗涤三天，直到产品洗涤液呈现中性，取出烘干后得到该活性炭。
镍负载高比表面活性炭材料的比表面积为1142(m2/g-1)，总孔容积为0.61(cm3/g-1)，微孔孔容为0.49(cm3/g-1)，中孔孔容在总孔孔容中的占比为0.26，平均孔径为2.20(nm)。
该镍负载高比表面活性炭材料因为具有较大的比表面积，因此能够很好的分散金属催化剂，增大催化剂活性位点的暴露，提升催化效率；活性炭材料本身稳定，作为催化剂载体更能够有效的评估金属催化剂的本征活性。
以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示，通过上述的说明内容，相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内，进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容，必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种镍负载高比表面活性炭材料，其特征在于，所述活性炭材料的各种原料的重量份数为：
聚(4-苯乙烯磺酸-共聚-马来酸)钠盐20-40份、NiCl2溶液0.2-4份、碱性沉淀剂20-80份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的镍负载高比表面活性炭材料，其特征在于，所述聚(4-苯乙烯磺酸-共聚-马来酸)钠盐30-40份、NiCl2溶液0.3-4份、碱性沉淀剂50-80份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的镍负载高比表面活性炭材料，其特征在于，所述NiCl2溶液浓度为130g/L。
4.根据权利要求1所述的镍负载高比表面活性炭材料，其特征在于，所述碱性沉淀剂浓度为525g/L。
5.根据权利要求1所述的镍负载高比表面活性炭材料，其特征在于，所述碱性沉淀剂为NH4OH溶液或碳酸铵溶液。
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| CN113877527A (zh) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-04 | 江苏众志新禹环境科技有限公司 | 镍负载活性炭材料 |
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| CN113877527A (zh) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-04 | 江苏众志新禹环境科技有限公司 | 镍负载活性炭材料 |
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