CN111744328A - Low-energy-consumption carbon dioxide capturing method and system for low-concentration carbon dioxide-containing tail gas - Google Patents
Low-energy-consumption carbon dioxide capturing method and system for low-concentration carbon dioxide-containing tail gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN111744328A CN111744328A CN202010567054.1A CN202010567054A CN111744328A CN 111744328 A CN111744328 A CN 111744328A CN 202010567054 A CN202010567054 A CN 202010567054A CN 111744328 A CN111744328 A CN 111744328A
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1425—Regeneration of liquid absorbents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
- B01D53/1475—Removing carbon dioxide
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of energy conservation and environmental protection, and discloses a low-energy-consumption carbon dioxide capture method and system for low-concentration carbon dioxide-containing tail gas. This application is through the part rich amine liquid that will come from carbon dioxide absorption tower cauldron after through rich amine liquid cooler cooling, and rethread carbon dioxide absorption tower middle part and the entry on upper portion get into the carbon dioxide absorption tower, can increase on the one hand the amine liquid volume that sprays of carbon dioxide absorption tower keeps the gas-liquid ratio in the carbon dioxide absorption tower, and on the other hand can further improve the saturation that rich amine liquid absorbs carbon dioxide, can also reduce the rich amine liquid volume that gets into carbon dioxide desorption heater on the one hand again to reduce the invalid heat of amine liquid intensification, realize reducing by a wide margin of desorption energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of energy conservation and environmental protection, and particularly relates to a low-energy-consumption carbon dioxide capture method and system for low-concentration carbon dioxide-containing tail gas.
Background
With the signing of the paris climate agreement, how to reduce the carbon emission has become a hot issue of concern in china and even all over the world. At present, most of carbon emissions come from boiler tail gas and industrial waste gas, wherein the concentration of carbon dioxide is different from 8% to 50%, and if the carbon dioxide in the boiler tail gas and the industrial waste gas can be collected and then recycled, the method not only has objective economic benefit, but also brings huge environmental protection contribution.
At present, much CO is available at home and abroad2The trapping technology is industrialized, wherein an alcohol amine solution chemical absorption method is mainly adopted for tail gas containing carbon dioxide, but the existing trapping technology adopts an absorption tower to absorb the carbon dioxide, the temperature of the amine liquid is increased along with the increase of the saturation degree of the amine liquid absorbing the carbon dioxide, and the saturation degree of the rich amine liquid is low because the reaction time in the carbon dioxide absorption tower is insufficient; the carbon dioxide concentration in the tail gas is low, so that the amount of the required circulating amine liquid is large, and the ineffective heat of carbon dioxide desorption is greatly increased; and then, the rich amine liquid is heated by a reboiler, because the heating temperature is far higher than the evaporation temperature of water, part of steam enters the desorption tower, equivalent part of steam performs ineffective heating on the rich amine liquid in the desorption tower, and only part of steam realizes the stripping effect in the desorption tower, most of steam is used for heating the rich amine liquid in the tower and enters a carbon dioxide product gas cooler from the top of the desorption tower for condensation, so that a large amount of steam is subjected to ineffective heating and evaporation loss, and the desorption energy consumption is high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a low-energy-consumption carbon dioxide capturing method and system for low-concentration carbon dioxide-containing tail gas, which are used for solving the technical problem of high desorption energy consumption when capturing carbon dioxide in the existing chemical absorption process method and system.
To achieve the above object, one aspect of the present invention relates to a low-energy carbon dioxide capturing system for a low-concentration carbon dioxide-containing tail gas.
The low-energy-consumption carbon dioxide capture system for the low-concentration carbon dioxide-containing tail gas comprises a carbon dioxide absorption tower, wherein an amine liquid outlet in the middle of the carbon dioxide absorption tower, an intermediate cooling booster pump of the carbon dioxide absorption tower and a cooler are sequentially connected with an amine liquid inlet in the middle of the carbon dioxide absorption tower; an amine-rich liquid outlet of the tower kettle of the carbon dioxide absorption tower is connected with an inlet of a first amine-rich liquid booster pump, and an outlet of the first amine-rich liquid booster pump is simultaneously connected with an inlet of a circulating amine-rich liquid cooler and an amine-rich liquid inlet of a waste heat recovery tower; the outlet of the circulating amine-rich liquid cooler is simultaneously connected with the amine-rich liquid inlets in the middle and the upper part of the carbon dioxide absorption tower; an amine-rich liquid outlet at the bottom of the waste heat recovery tower, a second amine-rich liquid booster pump and an amine-rich liquid side inlet of a lean amine-rich liquid heat exchanger are sequentially connected, the amine-rich liquid side outlet of the lean amine-rich liquid heat exchanger is connected with an amine-rich liquid inlet at the upper part of a carbon dioxide desorption tower, and an amine-rich liquid outlet at the lower part of the carbon dioxide desorption tower is connected with an inlet of a reboiler of the desorption tower; the gas phase outlet of the reboiler of the desorption tower is connected with the carbon dioxide desorption gas inlet of the carbon dioxide desorption tower; the liquid phase outlet of the desorption tower reboiler, the lean amine liquid pressure reducing valve and the lean amine liquid pressure reducing tank inlet are sequentially connected; the gas phase outlet of the lean amine liquid pressure reduction tank and the steam booster are sequentially connected with the steam inlet of the carbon dioxide desorption tower; and the lean amine liquid side outlet of the lean amine liquid heat exchanger and the lean amine liquid cooler are sequentially connected with the lean amine liquid inlet at the upper part of the carbon dioxide absorption tower.
Further, the tail gas cooler is further included, and a gas outlet of the tail gas cooler is connected with a gas inlet of the carbon dioxide absorption tower.
Further, the tail gas outlet of the carbon dioxide absorption tower is connected with the inlet of a gas-liquid separator, the liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator, the first reflux pump and the reflux liquid inlet of the carbon dioxide absorption tower are sequentially connected, and the gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a tail gas purifying pipeline.
Further, a carbon dioxide product gas outlet and a carbon dioxide product gas air cooler at the top of the waste heat recovery tower are sequentially connected with an inlet of a carbon dioxide intermediate product gas condensate separation tank, and a gas phase outlet of the carbon dioxide intermediate product gas condensate separation tank, the carbon dioxide product gas air cooler and an inlet of the carbon dioxide product gas condensate separation tank are sequentially connected; a liquid phase outlet of the carbon dioxide intermediate product gas condensate separation tank and a liquid phase outlet of the carbon dioxide product gas condensate separation tank are both connected with an inlet of the second reflux pump; and the outlet of the second reflux pump is connected with the reflux inlet of the waste heat recovery tower.
Further, a gas phase outlet of the carbon dioxide product gas condensate knockout drum is connected to a carbon dioxide product gas line.
The invention also relates to a low-energy-consumption carbon dioxide capture method for the low-concentration carbon dioxide-containing tail gas.
The low-energy-consumption carbon dioxide capturing method of the low-concentration carbon dioxide-containing tail gas comprises the following steps: a carbon dioxide-containing tail gas source enters a carbon dioxide absorption tower, carbon dioxide reacts with lean amine liquid in the carbon dioxide absorption tower to generate rich amine liquid, a part of rich amine liquid discharged from an amine liquid outlet at the tower bottom of the carbon dioxide absorption tower is cooled by an amine liquid cooler, the rich amine liquid enters the carbon dioxide absorption tower from the middle part and the upper part of the carbon dioxide absorption tower, the other part of the rich amine liquid enters the waste heat recovery tower, the rich amine liquid at the bottom of the waste heat recovery tower enters a poor rich amine liquid heat exchanger, an amine liquid side outlet of the poor rich amine liquid heat exchanger is connected with an amine liquid inlet at the upper part of a carbon dioxide desorption tower, the rich amine liquid at the lower part of the carbon dioxide desorption tower enters a reboiler of the desorption tower, the liquid discharged from the reboiler of the desorption tower enters a lean amine liquid decompression tank after decompression, and liquid discharged from the lean amine liquid pressure reduction tank enters the lean amine-rich liquid heat exchanger through the booster pump to exchange heat with the rich amine liquid.
Further, the amine liquid heated by absorbing the carbon dioxide is cooled by an intercooler of the carbon dioxide absorption tower, and then enters the carbon dioxide absorption tower after being cooled.
Further, the carbon dioxide-containing tail gas source is cooled by a tail gas cooler and then enters a carbon dioxide absorption tower.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
(1) in actual operation, because the energy consumption of the carbon dioxide capturing system is mainly desorption energy consumption which is mainly used for heat required by the temperature rise of the amine-rich liquid, chemical heat required in the desorption process of the carbon dioxide and latent heat of vaporization of water vapor carried in the product gas at the top of the carbon dioxide waste heat recovery tower, wherein the heat required by the temperature rise of the amine-rich liquid and the latent heat of vaporization of the water vapor carried in the product gas at the top of the carbon dioxide desorption tower belong to ineffective heat, the application cools part of the amine-rich liquid from the tower bottom of the carbon dioxide absorption tower through an amine-rich liquid cooler and then enters the carbon dioxide absorption tower through inlets at the middle part and the upper part of the carbon dioxide absorption tower, on one hand, the amount of the sprayed amine liquid of the carbon dioxide absorption tower can be increased, the gas-liquid ratio in the carbon dioxide absorption tower is kept, on the other, on the other hand, the amount of the rich amine liquid entering the carbon dioxide desorption heater can be reduced, so that the ineffective heat of the amine liquid for heating is reduced, and the desorption energy consumption is greatly reduced;
(2) in the application, the rest of the amine-rich liquid from the tower kettle of the carbon dioxide absorption tower enters the waste heat recovery tower, the carbon dioxide desorption gas (containing carbon dioxide gas and water vapor) from the carbon dioxide desorption tower is cooled, and most of the water vapor is condensed into water, so that the amount of the water vapor discharged from the top of the waste heat recovery tower is greatly reduced, and the ineffective heat is greatly reduced;
(3) the high-temperature lean amine liquid from the reboiler is decompressed, so that low-temperature and low-pressure steam is generated while the temperature of the lean amine liquid is reduced, and the temperature and the pressure of the steam are increased through the steam supercharger, so that low-temperature heat is changed into high-temperature steam which can be used for carbon dioxide desorption, the amount of external heat sources can be reduced, and the desorption energy consumption of a system is reduced.
In addition, the system can also meet the desorption requirement by adjusting the appropriate flow of the amine-rich liquid entering the carbon dioxide absorption tower and the carbon dioxide desorption heater according to the change of the amount of the tail gas containing the carbon dioxide, thereby greatly reducing the desorption energy consumption of the carbon dioxide.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a low-energy-consumption carbon dioxide capture method and system for a low-concentration carbon dioxide-containing tail gas according to an embodiment.
The figure is marked with: 1-a source of carbon dioxide-containing tail gas; 2-a tail gas cooler; 3-a carbon dioxide absorption tower; 4-a carbon dioxide absorption tower intercooling booster pump; 5-a carbon dioxide absorption tower intercooler; 6-a first rich amine liquid booster pump; 7-a rich amine liquid cooler; 8-a waste heat recovery tower; 9-a second rich amine liquid booster pump; 10-lean rich amine liquid heat exchanger; 11-lean amine liquid cooler; 12-a carbon dioxide desorber; 13-desorber reboiler; 14-lean amine liquid pressure reducing valve; 15-lean amine liquid decompression tank; 16-a steam booster; 17-lean amine liquid booster pump; 18-a gas-liquid separator; 19-a first reflux pump; 20-a tail gas purification pipeline; 21-carbon dioxide product air-air cooler; 22-a carbon dioxide intermediate product gas condensate separation tank; 23-air cooling the carbon dioxide product; 24-a carbon dioxide product gas condensate knockout drum; 25-a second reflux pump; 26-carbon dioxide product gas line.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a low-energy-consumption carbon dioxide capturing system for low-concentration carbon dioxide-containing tail gas comprises a carbon dioxide absorption tower 3, wherein an amine liquid outlet in the middle of the carbon dioxide absorption tower 3, a carbon dioxide absorption tower intermediate cooling booster pump 4 and a cooler 5 are sequentially connected with an amine liquid inlet in the middle of the carbon dioxide absorption tower 3, specifically, the amine liquid outlet in the middle of the carbon dioxide absorption tower 3 is connected with an inlet of the carbon dioxide absorption tower intermediate cooling booster pump 4, an outlet of the carbon dioxide absorption tower intermediate cooling booster pump 4 is connected with an inlet of the carbon dioxide absorption tower intermediate cooler 5, and an outlet of the carbon dioxide absorption tower intermediate cooler 5 is connected with the amine liquid inlet in the middle of the carbon dioxide absorption;
an rich amine liquid outlet of a tower kettle of the carbon dioxide absorption tower 3 is connected with an inlet of a first rich amine liquid booster pump 6, and an outlet of the first rich amine liquid booster pump 6 is simultaneously connected with an inlet of a circulating rich amine liquid cooler 7 and an rich amine liquid inlet of a waste heat recovery tower 8; the outlet of the circulating amine-rich liquid cooler 7 is simultaneously connected with the amine-rich liquid inlets at the middle part and the upper part of the carbon dioxide absorption tower 3; an amine-rich liquid outlet of a tower kettle of the waste heat recovery tower 8, a second amine-rich liquid booster pump 9 and an amine-rich liquid side inlet of a lean amine-rich liquid heat exchanger 10 are sequentially connected, specifically, the amine-rich liquid outlet of the tower kettle of the waste heat recovery tower 8 is connected with an inlet of the second amine-rich liquid booster pump 9, and an outlet of the second amine-rich liquid booster pump 9 is connected with an amine-rich liquid side inlet of the lean amine-rich liquid heat exchanger 10;
an amine-rich liquid side outlet of the lean amine-rich liquid heat exchanger 10 is connected with an amine-rich liquid inlet at the upper part of a carbon dioxide desorption tower 12, and an amine-rich liquid outlet at the lower part of the carbon dioxide desorption tower 12 is connected with an inlet of a desorption tower reboiler 13; the gas phase outlet of the desorption tower reboiler 13 is connected with the carbon dioxide desorption gas inlet of the carbon dioxide desorption tower 12; a liquid phase outlet of the desorption tower reboiler 13, a lean amine liquid pressure reducing valve 14 and an inlet of a lean amine liquid pressure reducing tank 15 are sequentially connected, specifically, the liquid phase outlet of the desorption tower reboiler 13 is connected with an inlet of the lean amine liquid pressure reducing valve 14, and an outlet of the lean amine liquid pressure reducing valve 14 is connected with an inlet of the lean amine liquid pressure reducing tank 15;
the gas phase outlet of the lean amine liquid decompression tank 15 and the steam booster 16 are sequentially connected with the steam inlet of the carbon dioxide desorption tower 12; and a liquid phase outlet of the lean amine liquid decompression tank 15, a lean amine liquid booster pump 17 and a lean amine liquid side inlet of the lean amine-rich liquid heat exchanger 10 are sequentially connected, and a lean amine liquid side outlet of the lean amine-rich liquid heat exchanger 10 and a lean amine liquid cooler 11 are sequentially connected with a lean amine liquid inlet at the upper part of the carbon dioxide absorption tower 3. Specifically, a gas-phase outlet of the lean amine liquid decompression tank 15 is connected with an inlet of a steam booster 16, and an outlet of the steam booster 16 is connected with a steam inlet of the carbon dioxide desorption tower 12; a liquid phase outlet of the lean amine liquid decompression tank 15 is connected with an inlet of a lean amine liquid booster pump 17, and an outlet of the lean amine liquid booster pump 17 is connected with a lean amine liquid side inlet of the lean amine rich liquid heat exchanger 10; an lean amine liquid side outlet of the lean and rich amine liquid heat exchanger 10 is connected with an inlet of a lean amine liquid cooler 11, and an outlet of the lean amine liquid cooler 11 is connected with a lean amine liquid inlet at the upper part of the carbon dioxide absorption tower 3;
the low-energy-consumption carbon dioxide capturing system for the low-concentration carbon dioxide-containing tail gas further comprises a tail gas cooler 2, and a gas outlet of the tail gas cooler 2 is connected with a gas inlet of a carbon dioxide absorption tower 3.
The tail gas outlet of the carbon dioxide absorption tower 3 is connected with the inlet of a gas-liquid separator 18, the liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator 18, a first reflux pump 19 and the reflux inlet of the carbon dioxide absorption tower 3 are sequentially connected, specifically, the liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator 18 is connected with the inlet of the first reflux pump 19, and the outlet of the first reflux pump 19 is connected with the reflux inlet of the carbon dioxide absorption tower 3; the gas-liquid separator 18 is connected with a purified tail gas pipeline 20 at a gas-phase outlet.
A carbon dioxide product gas outlet at the top of the waste heat recovery tower 8, a carbon dioxide product gas air cooler 21 and an inlet of a carbon dioxide intermediate product gas condensate separation tank 22 are sequentially connected, specifically, the carbon dioxide product gas outlet at the top of the waste heat recovery tower 8 is connected with the inlet of the carbon dioxide product gas air cooler 21, and the outlet of the carbon dioxide product gas air cooler 21 is connected with the inlet of the carbon dioxide intermediate product gas condensate separation tank 22; a gas phase outlet of the carbon dioxide intermediate product gas condensate separation tank 22, a carbon dioxide product gas-water cooler 23 and an inlet of the carbon dioxide product gas condensate separation tank 24 are sequentially connected, specifically, the gas phase outlet of the carbon dioxide intermediate product gas condensate separation tank 22 is connected with the inlet of the carbon dioxide product gas-water cooler 23, and the outlet of the carbon dioxide product gas-water cooler 23 is connected with the inlet of the carbon dioxide product gas condensate separation tank 24; a liquid phase outlet of the carbon dioxide intermediate product gas condensate separation tank 22 and a liquid phase outlet of the carbon dioxide product gas condensate separation tank 24 are both connected with an inlet of the second reflux pump 25; the outlet of the second reflux pump 25 is connected with the reflux inlet of the waste heat recovery tower 8.
The gas phase outlet of the carbon dioxide product gas condensate knockout drum 24 is connected to a carbon dioxide product gas line 26.
A low-energy-consumption carbon dioxide capture method for low-concentration carbon dioxide-containing tail gas comprises the following steps: a carbon dioxide-containing tail gas source is cooled by a tail gas cooler 2 and then enters a carbon dioxide absorption tower 3, carbon dioxide reacts with lean amine liquid in the carbon dioxide absorption tower 3 to generate rich amine liquid, one part of the rich amine liquid discharged from an rich amine liquid outlet at the tower bottom of the carbon dioxide absorption tower 3 is cooled by an rich amine liquid cooler 7 and then enters the carbon dioxide absorption tower 3 from rich amine liquid inlets at the middle part and the upper part of the carbon dioxide absorption tower, the other part of the rich amine liquid enters an afterheat recovery tower 8, rich amine liquid at the tower bottom of the afterheat recovery tower 8 enters a lean amine liquid heat exchanger 10, a rich amine liquid side outlet of the lean amine liquid heat exchanger 10 is connected with a rich amine liquid inlet at the upper part of a carbon dioxide desorption tower 12, rich amine liquid at the lower part of the carbon dioxide desorption tower 12 enters a desorption tower reboiler 13, liquid discharged from the desorption tower 13 is decompressed and then enters a lean amine liquid decompression tank 15, and liquid discharged from the lean amine liquid decompression tank 15 enters the lean amine liquid heat exchanger 10 through a booster pump And (4) heating.
Further, the amine liquid heated by the absorption of carbon dioxide is cooled by the carbon dioxide absorption tower intercooler 5, and then enters the carbon dioxide absorption tower 3 after being cooled.
In the application, the waste heat recovery tower is used for recycling energy contained in carbon dioxide desorption gas (containing carbon dioxide and water vapor), and the amount of the water vapor contained in the carbon dioxide desorption gas is greatly reduced by reducing the temperature of the carbon dioxide desorption gas, so that the desorption energy consumption is greatly reduced;
the carbon dioxide desorption tower is used for heating the amine-rich liquid by using carbon dioxide desorption gas generated by the desorption tower reboiler to obtain high-temperature amine-rich liquid, condensing water vapor in the carbon dioxide desorption gas and stripping carbon dioxide from the amine-rich liquid in the desorption tower;
the reboiler of the desorption tower is used for desorbing the amine-rich liquid by using the heat of an external heat source (such as high-temperature steam or high-temperature water), and the desorption temperature of the amine-rich liquid is lower than the saturation temperature of water under the working condition by increasing the retention time of the amine-rich liquid in the heater and reducing the heating temperature of the amine-rich liquid, so that the evaporation capacity of the steam in the amine-rich liquid is greatly reduced, the consumption of the external heat source is reduced, and carbon dioxide is obtained.
The lean amine liquid reducing valve is used for reducing the pressure of the lean amine liquid, so that the lean amine liquid is cooled and low-temperature and low-pressure steam is generated.
The steam booster is used for boosting and heating low-temperature and low-pressure steam generated by decompressing the lean amine liquid, and the steam after boosting and heating enters the desorption tower to strip the rich amine liquid, so that the use amount of an external heat source is reduced, and the carbon dioxide desorption energy consumption is reduced.
The carbon dioxide absorption tower intercooler is used for cooling the amine liquid in the middle of the carbon dioxide absorption tower, and the amine liquid heated by absorbing part of the carbon dioxide is cooled, so that the reaction speed of absorbing the carbon dioxide by the amine liquid is increased, and the absorption saturation of the amine liquid is improved.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The low-energy-consumption carbon dioxide capture system for the low-concentration carbon dioxide-containing tail gas is characterized by comprising a carbon dioxide absorption tower (3), wherein an amine liquid outlet in the middle of the carbon dioxide absorption tower (3), a middle cooling booster pump (4) of the carbon dioxide absorption tower and a cooler (5) are sequentially connected with an amine liquid inlet in the middle of the carbon dioxide absorption tower (3); an amine-rich liquid outlet of a tower kettle of the carbon dioxide absorption tower (3) is connected with an inlet of a first amine-rich liquid booster pump (6), and an outlet of the first amine-rich liquid booster pump (6) is simultaneously connected with an inlet of a circulating amine-rich liquid cooler (7) and an amine-rich liquid inlet of a waste heat recovery tower (8); the outlet of the circulating amine-rich liquid cooler (7) is simultaneously connected with the amine-rich liquid inlets in the middle and the upper part of the carbon dioxide absorption tower (3); an amine-rich liquid outlet of a tower kettle of the waste heat recovery tower (8), a second amine-rich liquid booster pump (9) and an amine-rich liquid side inlet of a lean amine-rich liquid heat exchanger (10) are sequentially connected, an amine-rich liquid side outlet of the lean amine-rich liquid heat exchanger (10) is connected with an amine-rich liquid inlet at the upper part of a carbon dioxide desorption tower (12), and an amine-rich liquid outlet at the lower part of the carbon dioxide desorption tower (12) is connected with an inlet of a desorption tower reboiler (13); the gas phase outlet of the desorption tower reboiler (13) is connected with the carbon dioxide desorption gas inlet of the carbon dioxide desorption tower (12); a liquid phase outlet of the desorption tower reboiler (13), a lean amine liquid pressure reducing valve (14) and an inlet of a lean amine liquid pressure reducing tank (15) are connected in sequence; the gas phase outlet of the lean amine liquid decompression tank (15), the steam booster (16) and the steam inlet of the carbon dioxide desorption tower (12) are sequentially connected; and a liquid phase outlet of the lean amine liquid pressure reduction tank (15), a lean amine liquid booster pump (17) and a lean amine liquid side inlet of the lean amine-rich liquid heat exchanger (10) are sequentially connected, and a lean amine liquid side outlet of the lean amine-rich liquid heat exchanger (10) and a lean amine liquid cooler (11) are sequentially connected with a lean amine liquid inlet at the upper part of the carbon dioxide absorption tower (3).
2. The system for capturing carbon dioxide with low energy consumption for tail gas containing carbon dioxide in low concentration according to claim 1, further comprising a tail gas cooler (2), wherein a gas outlet of the tail gas cooler (2) is connected with a gas inlet of the carbon dioxide absorption tower (3).
3. The system for capturing carbon dioxide with low energy consumption for the tail gas containing carbon dioxide in low concentration according to claim 1, wherein the tail gas outlet of the carbon dioxide absorption tower (3) is connected with the inlet of a gas-liquid separator (18), the liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator (18), a first reflux pump (19) and the reflux inlet of the carbon dioxide absorption tower (3) are sequentially connected, and the gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator (18) is connected with a purified tail gas pipeline (20).
4. The low-energy-consumption carbon dioxide capture system for the low-concentration carbon dioxide-containing tail gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein a carbon dioxide product gas outlet at the top of the waste heat recovery tower (8), a carbon dioxide product gas air cooler (21) and an inlet of a carbon dioxide intermediate product gas condensate separation tank (22) are sequentially connected, and a gas phase outlet of the carbon dioxide intermediate product gas condensate separation tank (22), a carbon dioxide product gas air cooler (23) and an inlet of a carbon dioxide product gas condensate separation tank (24) are sequentially connected; a liquid phase outlet of the carbon dioxide intermediate product gas condensate separation tank (22) and a liquid phase outlet of the carbon dioxide product gas condensate separation tank (24) are both connected with an inlet of a second reflux pump (25); the outlet of the second reflux pump (25) is connected with the reflux inlet of the waste heat recovery tower (8).
5. The system for low energy carbon dioxide capture of a lean carbon dioxide containing tail gas according to claim 4 wherein the gas phase outlet of the carbon dioxide product gas condensate knockout drum (24) is connected to a carbon dioxide product gas line (26).
6. A low-energy-consumption carbon dioxide capture method for low-concentration carbon dioxide-containing tail gas is characterized by comprising the following steps: a carbon dioxide-containing tail gas source enters a carbon dioxide absorption tower, carbon dioxide reacts with lean amine liquid in the carbon dioxide absorption tower to generate rich amine liquid, and a part of rich amine liquid discharged from an amine liquid outlet at the bottom of the carbon dioxide absorption tower is cooled by an amine liquid cooler and then enters the carbon dioxide absorption tower from amine liquid inlets at the middle part and the upper part of the carbon dioxide absorption tower; the other part of the waste heat recovery tower enters a waste heat recovery tower, the rich amine liquid at the tower bottom of the waste heat recovery tower enters a lean and rich amine liquid heat exchanger, an amine liquid side outlet of the lean and rich amine liquid heat exchanger is connected with an amine liquid inlet at the upper part of a carbon dioxide desorption tower, the rich amine liquid at the lower part of the carbon dioxide desorption tower enters a reboiler of the desorption tower, the liquid discharge of the reboiler of the desorption tower enters a lean amine liquid pressure reduction tank after pressure reduction, and the liquid discharge of the lean amine liquid pressure reduction tank enters the lean and rich amine liquid heat exchanger to exchange heat with the rich amine liquid after passing through a booster pump.
7. The method for capturing carbon dioxide with low energy consumption from the carbon dioxide-containing tail gas with low concentration as claimed in claim 6, wherein the amine liquid heated by the absorption of carbon dioxide is cooled by an intercooler of the carbon dioxide absorption tower, and then enters the carbon dioxide absorption tower after being cooled.
8. The method for capturing carbon dioxide with low energy consumption for the low-concentration carbon dioxide-containing tail gas as claimed in claim 6, wherein the carbon dioxide-containing tail gas source is cooled by a tail gas cooler and then enters the carbon dioxide absorption tower.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115337756A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-11-15 | 清华大学 | Absorption device, carbon dioxide capture system, and carbon dioxide capture method |
| CN115920593A (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2023-04-07 | 新疆敦华绿碳技术股份有限公司 | Absorption device and production system based on double desorption units |
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| CN115920593B (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2024-05-31 | 新疆敦华绿碳技术股份有限公司 | Absorption device based on double desorption units and production system |
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