CN111742854A - Detection device and method for animal pattern recognition capability - Google Patents
Detection device and method for animal pattern recognition capability Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for detecting the recognition capability of an animal figure, comprising the following steps: the device comprises two box bodies with openings, a condition vision stimulating assembly and an image acquiring assembly, wherein one of the two box bodies is arranged in the other box body, and the inner box body is a transparent box body and used for placing an animal to be tested; the bottom of the inner box body is provided with an electric shock component, and the electric shock component plays contents according to the condition visual stimulation component to carry out electric shock on the animal to be tested; the condition visual stimulation component is arranged on the inner wall of the outer box body and used for playing a condition stimulation graph, a non-associated stimulation graph and a test stimulation graph; the image acquisition assembly is arranged on the top and/or the side wall of the inner box body and is used for recording the reaction of the animal to be tested after watching the graph played by the condition visual stimulation assembly. The method utilizes the comparison of the rigor time generated by the conditioned fear stimulus and the irrelevant stimulus to realize the detection of the animal figure recognition capability, and is particularly suitable for animals with poor motor capability and orientation capability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for detecting animal pattern recognition capability, and belongs to the technical field of animal behavior detection.
Background
The fear behavior is one of basic behaviors of animals, the animals usually sense external dangerous stimuli and have endogenous fear, and some of the stimuli are direct stimuli, such as acupuncture, electric shock, strong sound and the like, and usually cause pain sense or shock physiological reaction of the animals, so that the fear is generated; more fear is generated by these conditioned stimuli that are directly related to adverse psychophysiological reactions. Fear, especially conditioned fear, is an important basis for animal survival, and reflects a clear and reliable learning and memory mechanism.
Fear conditioning is the habitual fear response that couples electrical and neutral stimuli (e.g., acoustic, optical). Its basic behavior index, stiffness reaction, conforms to the basic physiological characteristics of animals and is spontaneous behavior. This occurs almost independently of other conditions and can be done in a conscious animal. The method is simple and reliable, but is mostly used for the mechanism research of the generation and the resolution of the animal fear at present, and the method is not reported to be applied to the detection of the animal pattern recognition capability.
On the other hand, in the animal pattern recognition capability test, it is common practice in the prior art to employ a water maze or a T maze. These methods, while capable of performing basic tests, have high requirements on the animal's motor ability, particularly the water maze, requiring identification and selection to be performed in the water. Experimenters first need to spend a significant amount of time training animals to adapt to the aquatic environment. Some model animals with dyskinesias could not even be tested.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a device and a method for detecting animal pattern recognition capability, wherein a conditional visual stimulation component is additionally arranged outside a transparent test box, so that pattern stimulation and fear are combined, and the animal pattern recognition capability is detected by comparing the stiffness time generated by the conditional fear stimulation and the stiffness time generated by irrelevant stimulation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an apparatus for detecting animal figure recognition capability, comprising: the device comprises two box bodies with openings, a condition vision stimulating assembly and an image acquiring assembly, wherein one of the two box bodies is arranged in the other box body, and the inner box body is a transparent box body and used for placing an animal to be tested; the bottom of the inner box body is provided with an electric shock component, and the electric shock component plays contents according to the condition visual stimulation component to carry out electric shock on the animal to be tested; the condition visual stimulation component is arranged on the inner wall of the outer box body and used for playing a condition stimulation graph, a non-associated stimulation graph and a test stimulation graph; the image acquisition assembly is arranged on the top and/or the side wall of the inner box body and is used for recording the reaction of the animal to be tested after watching the graph played by the condition visual stimulation assembly.
Further, the reaction of the animal to be detected, which is acquired by the image acquisition component, is the stiff behavior of the animal to be detected, and the image acquisition component records the time of the stiff behavior of the animal to be detected.
Further, the condition visual stimulation component is a liquid crystal display screen, the quantity of the liquid crystal display screen is at least one, and the liquid crystal display screen is arranged on the inner side wall of the outer box body and is positioned at the same height with the eye of the animal to be tested.
Further, the opening of the inner box body is an inward opening door.
Furthermore, the top of the outer box body is provided with a high-frequency loudspeaker for generating background white noise in the experimental process.
Furthermore, a sound absorption material is pasted on the inner side of the outer box body and used for shading light and insulating sound; and the top of the outer box body is provided with an LED environment illuminating lamp.
Furthermore, the electric shock component is a fence type electric shock plate consisting of a plurality of electric shock rods.
The invention also discloses a detection method of the animal figure recognition capability, and the detection device adopting any one of the above animal figure recognition capabilities comprises the following steps: s1, in the first experiment time, the animal to be tested is adapted to the box body environment; s2 playing the condition stimulation graph and the non-associated stimulation graph through the condition visual stimulation component in a second experiment time, wherein when the condition stimulation graph is played, the electric shock component is used for electrically shocking the foot of the animal to be tested, when the non-associated stimulation graph is played, the electric shock component is not used for electrically shocking the animal to be tested, and the image acquisition component is used for recording the time of the stiff behavior of the animal to be tested; s3 playing the condition stimulation pattern, the non-associated stimulation pattern and the test stimulation pattern through the condition visual stimulation component in a third experiment time, wherein when the condition stimulation pattern is played, the electric shock component is used for electrically shocking the foot of the animal to be tested, when the non-associated stimulation pattern and the test stimulation pattern are played, the electric shock component is not used for electrically shocking the animal to be tested, and the image acquisition component is used for recording the time of the stiff behavior of the animal to be tested; s4 determining the identification ability of the tested animal to different images through the time of the rigor behaviors of the tested animal to different images in steps S2 and S3.
Further, the first experiment time is 1-3 days, and during the first experiment time, the animal to be tested is placed into the inner box body to move for 10-15 minutes every day; the second experiment time is 4-8 days; the third experiment time started on day 9 until the end of the experiment.
Further, the time error is not more than 20ms when the last second of the conditional stimulus pattern is played.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the condition visual stimulation component is additionally arranged outside the transparent inner box body, so that the stimulation of the graph and the fear are combined, the condition fear stimulation and the stiffness time generated by irrelevant stimulation are compared, the detection of the animal graph recognition capability is realized, the detection method is simple, the accuracy is high, the animal does not need to be pre-trained, and the method is particularly suitable for animals with poor movement capability and orientation capability.
2. The fear conditioned rigid reaction is used as a data index, the method has the advantages of stable and reliable result, different graphs can be identified in the ms-level time window, and the detection precision is obviously improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for detecting animal figure recognition capability according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graphical stimulus presentation during a second experimental time in a method for detecting animal pattern recognition ability according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 shows a pattern of the graphical stimulus during the third experiment time in the method for detecting the animal figure recognition ability according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the drawings:
1-opening; 2-a conditional visual stimulus component; 3-an image acquisition component; 4-an inner box body; 5-outer box body; 6-electric shock assembly.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail by way of specific embodiments in order to better understand the technical direction of the present invention for those skilled in the art. It should be understood, however, that the detailed description is provided for a better understanding of the invention only and that they should not be taken as limiting the invention. In describing the present invention, it is to be understood that the terminology used is for the purpose of description only and is not intended to be indicative or implied of relative importance.
Example one
The embodiment discloses a detection device for animal pattern recognition capability, as shown in fig. 1, including: two boxes with openings 1, a condition visual stimulation component 2 and an image acquisition component 3,
one of the two box bodies is arranged in the other box body, namely the inner box body 4 is arranged in the outer box body 5, the inner box body 4 is a transparent box body and is used for placing an animal to be tested, so that the condition visual stimulation component 2 arranged on the inner side of the outer box body 5 can be observed by the animal; an electric shock component 6 is arranged at the bottom of the inner box body 4, and the electric shock component 6 carries out electric shock on the animal to be tested according to the content played by the conditional visual stimulation component 2; an outer case 5 for shielding external noise and interference; the condition visual stimulation component 2 is arranged on the inner wall of the outer box body 5 and used for playing condition stimulation graphs, non-associated stimulation graphs and test stimulation graphs; the image acquisition component 3 is arranged on the top and/or the side wall of the inner box body 4 and is used for recording the reaction of the animal to be tested after watching the graph played by the condition visual stimulation component 2.
The reaction of the animal to be tested, which is obtained by the image obtaining component 3, is the stiff behavior of the animal to be tested, and the image obtaining component 3 records the time of the stiff behavior of the animal to be tested. The image capturing component 3 may be a camera, a video camera, an infrared imager, or other devices with photographing and recording functions, and is not particularly limited in the present invention. In this embodiment, the image capturing component 3 is preferably an infrared camera, the camera resolution of the infrared camera is 640 × 480, and the animal behaviors can be photographed in all directions in the dark or under the illumination condition.
In this embodiment, the inner box 4 is preferably made of a transparent PC board, the cross section of the inner box is square, the height of the inner box is twice as long as the length of the inner box, the size of the inner box is preferably 30 × 50 cm, the opening 1 is located above the side surface of the inner box 4, and a door which is opened downwards is arranged, so that the animals can be conveniently taken and placed, and the animals cannot easily escape in the taking and placing process. The size of the inner box 4 can be selected according to the size of the animal to be tested. The animal to be tested may be a mouse, a rabbit, a cat, a dog, etc., and the size of the inner box 4 is 30 × 50 cm because the present embodiment is set for the animal. The outer box body 5 is a sound insulation box made of PVC, and sound absorption materials are pasted on the inner side of the sound insulation box, so that the sound insulation box has the functions of shading light and sound insulation. The top of outer box 5 is provided with high frequency loudspeaker for produce the background white noise in the experimentation, further reduce the interference in the experimentation, keep stable experimental condition. The top of the outer box 5 is provided with an LED ambient lighting lamp for providing sufficient light source to record conditioned fear behavior of animals, i.e. stiff behavior.
The condition visual stimulation component 2 is a liquid crystal display screen, the number of the liquid crystal display screens is at least one, and the liquid crystal display screen is arranged on the inner side wall of the outer box body 5 and at a position which is as high as the eye of the animal to be tested. In this embodiment, four liquid crystal display panels are preferably arranged on four side walls of the outer box 5. The size of the liquid crystal display panel in this embodiment is preferably 164.8mm × 124.3 mm. The liquid crystal screen can be used for displaying independently or together, and the animal can observe the graphs or dynamic images displayed on the liquid crystal screen in the box body. The playing time, playing mode and whether the condition stimulating pattern, the non-associated stimulating pattern and the testing stimulating pattern are matched with the electric shock or not are automatically controlled by a software system.
The electric shock component 6 is a fence type electric shock plate consisting of a plurality of electric shock rods, wherein the distance between the electric shock rods is 1cm, the total number of the electric shock rods is 28, and the electric shock plate is powered by a constant current power supply.
Example two
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment discloses a method for detecting the animal pattern recognition capability, which adopts the device for detecting the animal pattern recognition capability of the embodiment one, and comprises the following steps:
s1, in a first experiment time, namely day 1-3, the animals to be detected are placed in the detection device with the animal pattern recognition capability for 10-15 minutes every day, so that each animal can move in the detection device to adapt to the environment; then, the inside excrement, feces, and the like are cleaned, and the inner case 4 is wiped with medical alcohol. The animals can enter the next stage of experiment without obvious stress reaction in the inner box body 4.
S2 in the second experimental time, i.e. day 4-8, the animal to be tested is placed in the animal pattern recognition capability detection device, and the conditional visual stimulus component 2 plays the conditional stimulus pattern CS and the non-associated stimulus pattern NS, as shown in fig. 2, a plurality of (6CS +6NS, or 8CS +8NS) conditional stimulus patterns CS and non-associated stimulus patterns NS are played randomly, with a playing time of 50S. Random interval time exists between every two played stimulations, the interval time is added randomly from 80S to 120S, when the condition stimulation graph is played, the electric shock component 6 is used for electrically shocking the foot of the animal to be tested, when the non-associated stimulation graph is played, the electric shock component 6 is not used for electrically shocking the animal to be tested, and the image acquisition component 3 is used for recording the time of the stiff behavior of the animal to be tested; when the last second of the condition stimulation graph is played, the electric shock component 6 shocks the feet of the animal to be tested, the time error is not more than 20ms, and the condition stimulation graph and the electric shock are finished at the same time. When the animal receives the CS graphic signal, the animal will produce a stiff response. While no response to NS patterns or a stiff response with a shorter duration than conditioned stimuli. Indicating that the animal effectively distinguished the two figures.
S3, in a third experiment time, placing the animal to be tested into the animal pattern recognition capability detection apparatus, as shown in fig. 3, randomly playing the conditional stimulus pattern CS, the non-associated stimulus pattern NS, and the test stimulus pattern TS by the conditional visual stimulus assembly 2, where the playing time of each pattern is 50S, when playing the conditional stimulus pattern, the electric shock assembly 6 electrically shocks the foot of the animal to be tested, when playing the non-associated stimulus pattern and the test stimulus pattern, the electric shock assembly 6 does not electrically shock the animal to be tested, and the image acquisition assembly 3 records the time of the stiff behavior of the animal to be tested; the rigor time of the detection graph and the rigor time of the condition stimulation have no obvious difference, but have obvious difference with the irrelevant stimulation, which indicates that the test graph and the condition stimulation can not be distinguished, and the irrelevant stimulation can be distinguished.
S4 determining the identification ability of the tested animal to different images through the time of the rigor behaviors of the tested animal to different images in steps S2 and S3.
According to the steps, the first experiment time is a preparation step before the experiment, so that the animal adapts to the environment of the whole experiment device, and the influence of extra variables on the accuracy of the experiment is reduced; the second experiment time is the time for pattern recognition learning, and the CS pattern is connected with the electrical stimulation to analyze the stiff behavior of the animal after the pattern is presented so as to obtain quantitative data and obtain the data of the animal for pattern recognition; the third experiment time is the test time, and a new TS graph is introduced. The animal's ability to distinguish between different patterns was evaluated by comparing the animal's behavioral response to the observed CS pattern by recording the animal's behavioral response (time to rigor) to the observed TS pattern.
Specifically, the TS graph and the NS graph mean a safe graph, and the CS graph means a potentially dangerous graph. The animal's reactions to stiffness and duration of reaction in the face of different patterns vary. These actions are recorded by the image acquisition assembly 3 above the detection device. Specifically, the image acquisition component 3 comprises at least one camera, a control system and analysis software which are electrically connected correspondingly, the camera inputs the shot video into the analysis software, the analysis software can identify and quantify data of stiff behaviors, and the graph identification behaviors of the animals can be researched by sorting and analyzing the quantified data.
The playing time, time interval, playing mode, whether to match with the electric shock, the starting time and the ending time of the electric shock, the white noise background sound and the like of the condition stimulation pattern, the non-associated stimulation pattern and the test stimulation pattern played by the condition visual stimulation component 2 are automatically controlled by a software system.
To prevent external noise interference during the experiment, the environment was subjected to white background noise throughout the experiment, and the noise level was 80 db. For each of the above steps, it is also necessary to control other variables that affect the accuracy of the data, such as the temperature, humidity, noise, and light of the environment. To ensure that the animal to be tested is not affected by the smell of the last animal at each experimental step, the experimental set is preferably cleaned and smell masked with 70% alcohol after each step.
The method for detecting the animal pattern recognition capability provided by the invention utilizes the fear conditioning principle, and can overcome the requirements of other detection technologies on the animal movement capability compared with the existing pattern recognition technology. The fear conditioned rigid reaction is used as a data index, the method has the advantages of stable and reliable result, different graphs can be identified in the ms-level time window, and the detection precision is obviously improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims. The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. An apparatus for detecting animal figure recognition capability, comprising: two box bodies with openings, a condition visual stimulation component and an image acquisition component,
one of the two box bodies is arranged in the other box body, and the inner box body is a transparent box body and is used for placing an animal to be tested; the bottom of the inner box body is provided with an electric shock component, and the electric shock component carries out electric shock on the animal to be tested according to the playing content of the conditional visual stimulation component;
the condition visual stimulation component is arranged on the inner wall of the outer box body and used for playing a condition stimulation graph, a non-associated stimulation graph and a test stimulation graph;
the image acquisition assembly is arranged on the top and/or the side wall of the inner box body and is used for recording the reaction of the animal to be tested after watching the graph played by the condition visual stimulation assembly.
2. The apparatus for detecting animal figure recognition ability according to claim 1, wherein the reaction of the test animal obtained by the image obtaining component is a stiff behavior of the test animal, and the image obtaining component records a time of the stiff behavior of the test animal.
3. The apparatus for detecting the animal figure recognition ability as claimed in claim 1, wherein the condition visual stimulation component is at least one liquid crystal display, and the liquid crystal display is disposed on the inner side wall of the outer box at a position as high as the eye of the animal to be detected.
4. The apparatus for detecting the animal figure recognition ability as claimed in claim 1, wherein the opening of the inner case is an inwardly opened door.
5. The apparatus for detecting the animal figure recognition ability of claim 1, wherein a high frequency speaker is installed on the top of the outer box for generating a background white noise during the experiment.
6. The apparatus for detecting the animal figure recognition ability as claimed in claim 5, wherein a sound absorbing material is applied to the inner side of the outer case for shielding light and sound; and the top of the outer box body is provided with an LED environment illuminating lamp.
7. The apparatus for detecting the animal figure recognition ability of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the electric shock assembly is a fence type electric shock plate consisting of a plurality of electric shock rods.
8. A method for detecting the animal figure recognition ability, which is characterized by using the animal figure recognition ability detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps:
s1, in the first experiment time, the animal to be tested is adapted to the box body environment;
s2 playing a condition stimulation graph and a non-associated stimulation graph through the condition visual stimulation component in a second experiment time, wherein when the condition stimulation graph is played, the electric shock component electrically shocks the foot of the animal to be tested, when the non-associated stimulation graph is played, the electric shock component does not shock the animal to be tested, and the image acquisition component records the time of the stiff behavior of the animal to be tested;
s3 playing a conditional stimulus pattern, a non-associated stimulus pattern and a test stimulus pattern through the conditional visual stimulus assembly in a third experiment time, wherein when the conditional stimulus pattern is played, the electric shock assembly is used for electrically shocking the foot of the animal to be tested, when the non-associated stimulus pattern and the test stimulus pattern are played, the electric shock assembly is not used for electrically shocking the animal to be tested, and the image acquisition assembly is used for recording the time of the stiff behavior of the animal to be tested;
s4 determining the identification ability of the tested animal to different images through the time of the rigor behaviors of the tested animal to different images in steps S2 and S3.
9. The method for detecting the animal figure recognition capability of claim 8, wherein the first experiment time is 1 to 3 days, and during the first experiment time, the animal to be detected is put into the inner box body to move for 10 to 15 minutes every day; the second experiment time is 4-8 days; the third experiment time started on day 9 until the end of the experiment.
10. The method for detecting animal figure recognition ability according to claim 8, wherein the time error is not more than 20ms at the last second of playing the condition stimulus figure.
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| CN114208695A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-22 | 复旦大学 | Device for detecting space and environment memory capacity of mouse under negative emotion |
| CN114514881A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-05-20 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Experimental equipment |
| CN114514881B (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2023-04-21 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Experimental equipment |
| CN114403018A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-29 | 西安交通大学 | Stress experiment system |
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