CN111741584B - D+Ion source - Google Patents
D+Ion source Download PDFInfo
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- CN111741584B CN111741584B CN202010455651.5A CN202010455651A CN111741584B CN 111741584 B CN111741584 B CN 111741584B CN 202010455651 A CN202010455651 A CN 202010455651A CN 111741584 B CN111741584 B CN 111741584B
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- discharge tube
- ion source
- shielding box
- frequency power
- radio frequency
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H3/00—Production or acceleration of neutral particle beams, e.g. molecular or atomic beams
- H05H3/06—Generating neutron beams
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of neutron generators, and particularly relates to a D+An ion source. The device is arranged on a vacuum tube of a neutron generator and comprises a discharge tube (3) of which the tail end is provided with a lead-out structure (15) and the top end is connected with a deuterium gas steel cylinder (6), the tail end of the discharge tube (3) is provided with a disc-shaped ion source chassis (18), and the lead-out structure (15) is positioned in the center of the ion source chassis (18); the device also comprises a capacitive coupling ring (8) sleeved on the outer surface of the discharge tube (3) and an anode probe (4) arranged at the top end of the discharge tube (3). The invention adopts the radio frequency power supply to feed in the high frequency power, only one radio frequency power supply is needed, and an oscillator is not needed; the problem that the ion source sends interference signals outwards is solved; the extraction structure is forcibly cooled, so that the service life of the ion source is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of neutron generators, and particularly relates to a D+An ion source.
Background
D+The ion source is used for ionizing deuterium gas to generate D+The ion source is generally used on a large accelerator such as a high-voltage multiplier or an electrostatic accelerator, and the requirements on the size and the signal interference are not high. The ion source has the advantages of simple structure, small size, high intensity of the extracted beam current and the like. To meet the demand of small neutron generators, it is necessary to expand the pair D+Ion sources for research and development of small neutron generators, also for D+Ion source size, cooling, signal interference, lifetime, etc. place higher demands.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a small-sized, reliable and long-life D for the technical requirements of a small neutron generator+An ion source.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that D+The ion source is arranged on a vacuum tube of the neutron generator, and comprises a discharge tube, wherein the tail end of the discharge tube is provided with a leading-out structure, the top end of the discharge tube is connected with a deuterium gas steel cylinder, the tail end of the discharge tube is provided with a disc-shaped ion source chassis, and the leading-out structure is positioned in the center of the ion source chassis; the device also comprises a capacitive coupling ring sleeved on the outer surface of the discharge tube and an anode probe arranged at the top end of the discharge tube.
Furthermore, the lead-out structure is positioned on the axis of the discharge tube and consists of an aluminum electrode and a quartz sleeve, the aluminum electrode is a cylinder with a round hole in the center, and the round hole is a beam lead-out pore channel; the quartz sleeve is sleeved outside the aluminum electrode.
Furthermore, the ion source chassis is made of stainless steel, one side of the ion source chassis is connected with the tail end of the discharge tube through a gland and a pressing sheet, and the gland is connected with the ion source chassis through threads; an annular rubber sealing ring is arranged at the tail end of the discharge tube, and the discharge tube and the ion source chassis are sealed under the action of the gland and the pressing sheet; the other side of the ion source chassis is used for being connected with the vacuum tube, and the ion source chassis and the vacuum tube are sealed through an O-shaped sealing ring; the ion source chassis is internally provided with a circular gap interlayer serving as a cooling water layer, a water inlet and a water outlet which are communicated with the cooling water layer are arranged, and cooling liquid enters the cooling water layer through the water inlet and is discharged from the water outlet to cool the leading-out structure.
Further, the discharge tube is made of high-purity quartz glass, the tail end of the discharge tube is flat, a round hole is formed in the center of the tail end, and the round hole is used for being sleeved on the quartz sleeve of the leading-out structure; the top end of the discharge tube is provided with an air inlet tube, and the air inlet tube is connected with the deuterium gas steel cylinder through a vacuum rubber tube and used for inputting deuterium gas into the discharge tube; the anode probe is arranged at the center of the top end of the discharge tube and is used for loading an extraction voltage; the anode probe is made of a tungsten rod.
Further, still be equipped with gas flow controller between the intake pipe with the deuterium gas steel bottle, gas flow controller adopts needle valve control gas flow, gas flow controller both ends are used respectively the vacuum rubber tube is connected the deuterium gas steel bottle with discharge tube the intake pipe.
Furthermore, the LED lamp also comprises a shielding box arranged on the periphery of the discharge tube, the top end and the tail end of the discharge tube are positioned outside the shielding box, the shielding box is an aluminum box, and a plurality of heat dissipation holes are formed in the shielding box.
Furthermore, the capacitive coupling ring is composed of two copper rings with the same size, is separately sleeved on the outer surface of the discharge tube, and further comprises a radio frequency power supply matcher connected with the capacitive coupling ring and a radio frequency power supply connected with the radio frequency power supply matcher through a power output line; the radio frequency power supply matcher is arranged at the bottom inside the shielding box, the radio frequency power supply is arranged outside the shielding box, and power is fed into the discharge tube through the radio frequency power supply matcher and the capacitive coupling ring; and the shielding box is provided with a joint of the power output line and is used for connecting the radio frequency power supply matcher and the radio frequency power supply.
Further, still including the suit in the annular permanent magnet outside the discharge tube, the permanent magnet sets up inside the shielding box, be close to the tail end of discharge tube for produce axial magnetic field, magnetic field intensity is 2000 gauss.
Further, the cooling device also comprises a cooling fan arranged inside the shielding box and used for dissipating heat inside the shielding box.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts the radio frequency power supply to feed in the high frequency power, only one radio frequency power supply is needed, the oscillator is not needed, one power supply is reduced, and the size of the system is reduced.
2. Because the high-frequency oscillator is an open antenna, high-frequency power is continuously emitted outwards, and interference signals are emitted to equipment such as an external power supply and signal transmission, so that the equipment is difficult to stably work. According to the invention, as the mode that the radio frequency power supply feeds in high frequency power is adopted, only the discharge tube 3 of the ion source needs to be shielded, so that the shielding difficulty of interference signals is reduced, and the problem that the ion source sends the interference signals outwards is effectively solved by the method that the discharge tube 3 is arranged in the shielding box 1.
3. Existing D+The ion source adopts an electromagnetic coil magnetic field with an external power supply, and the generation mode of the magnetic field needs the power supply, and the electromagnetic coil has the advantages of large size, heavy weight and adjustable magnetic field intensity. Through a large number of experimental researches, the invention invents a permanent magnet type magnetic field structure (namely the permanent magnet 9) suitable for a small neutron generator without externally connectingPower supply, no cooling is required, and the size and weight of the magnet are reduced by more than one order of magnitude.
4. Existing D+The ion source adopts the structure that the ion source chassis is cooled by the fan, then the heat is transferred by the ion source chassis, and the heat on the leading-out structure is taken away, the heat transfer is slow in the heat dissipation mode, so that the service life of the leading-out structure is short, and the leading-out structure is a main factor influencing the service life of the ion source.
5. The ion source provided by the invention has the extracted beam intensity of more than 2.5mA and the proton ratio of more than 75%. The average service life of the ion source reaches over 1000 hours.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a diagram D according to an embodiment of the present invention+A schematic diagram of an ion source;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the ion source chassis 18 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-shielding box, 2-cooling fan, 3-discharge tube, 4-anode probe, 5-gas flow controller, 6-deuterium gas cylinder, 7-gas inlet tube, 8-capacitance coupling ring, 9-permanent magnet, 10-radio frequency power adapter, 11-radio frequency power supply, 12-water inlet, 13-gland, 14-pressing piece, 15-leading-out structure, 16-annular rubber sealing ring, 17-water outlet and 18-ion source chassis.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention provides a method D+The ion source is arranged on a vacuum tube of the neutron generator and comprises a discharge tube 3, an anode probe 4, a deuterium gas steel cylinder 6, an air inlet tube 7, a capacitive coupling ring 8, a permanent magnet 9, a radio frequency power supply 11, an ion source chassis 18, an extraction structure 15 and the like.
The discharge tube 3 is made of high-purity quartz glass, the leading-out structure 15 is arranged at the tail end of the discharge tube 3, and the top end of the discharge tube 3 is connected with the deuterium gas steel cylinder 6. The tail end of the discharge tube 3 is flat, and a round hole is formed in the center of the tail end and is used for being sleeved on a quartz sleeve of the leading-out structure 15; the gas inlet pipe 7 is arranged at the top end of the discharge tube 3, the gas inlet pipe 7 is arranged at the side position of the top end of the discharge tube 3 through welding, and the gas inlet pipe 7 is connected with the deuterium gas steel cylinder 6 through a vacuum rubber tube and used for inputting deuterium gas into the discharge tube 3; the anode probe 4 is arranged at the center of the top end of the discharge tube 3 through welding and is used for loading an extraction voltage; the anode probe 4 is made of a tungsten rod.
A disc-shaped ion source chassis 18 is arranged at the tail end of the discharge tube 3, and the leading-out structure 15 is positioned in the center of the ion source chassis 18; the capacitive coupling ring 8 is sleeved on the outer surface of the discharge tube 3; an anode probe 4 is provided at the tip of the discharge tube 3.
The leading-out structure 15 is positioned on the axis of the discharge tube 3 and consists of an aluminum electrode and a quartz sleeve, wherein the aluminum electrode is a cylinder with a round hole in the center, the round hole is a beam leading-out pore channel, and the aperture is 2 mm; the quartz sleeve is sleeved outside the aluminum electrode and is installed in a sliding fit mode, and the aperture of the quartz sleeve is 5 mm.
As shown in fig. 2, the ion source chassis 18 is made of 304 stainless steel and has a thickness of 12mm, one side of the ion source chassis 18 is connected with the tail end of the discharge tube 3 through the gland 13 and the pressing sheet 14, the gland 13 and the pressing sheet 14 play a role in fixing the discharge tube 3, and the gland 13 is connected with the ion source chassis 18 through threads; an annular rubber sealing ring 16 is arranged at the tail end of the discharge tube 3, and the discharge tube 3 and the ion source chassis 18 are sealed under the compression action of the gland 13 and the pressing sheet 14; the other side of the ion source chassis 18 is used for being connected with a vacuum tube, and the ion source chassis 18 and the vacuum tube are sealed through an O-shaped sealing ring; the ion source chassis 18 is internally provided with a circular gap interlayer as a cooling water layer, and is provided with a water inlet 12 and a water outlet 17 which are communicated with the cooling water layer, cooling liquid enters the cooling water layer through the water inlet 12 and is discharged from the water outlet 17, and the leading-out structure 15 is forcibly cooled.
And a gas flow controller 5 is also arranged between the gas inlet pipe 7 and the deuterium gas steel cylinder 6, the gas flow controller 5 adopts a needle valve to accurately control the gas flow, and two ends of the gas flow controller 5 are respectively connected with the deuterium gas steel cylinder 6 and the gas inlet pipe 7 of the discharge tube 3 through vacuum rubber tubes. Deuterium gas flows from a deuterium gas cylinder 6 through a pressure reducing valve (the pressure reducing valve is arranged on the deuterium gas cylinder 6) and a gas flow controller 5 into the discharge tube 3 through an inlet tube 7 on the discharge tube 3.
The LED lamp further comprises a shielding box 1 arranged on the periphery of the discharge tube 3, the top end and the tail end of the discharge tube 3 are positioned outside the shielding box 1, the shielding box 1 is an aluminum box, a plurality of heat dissipation holes are formed in the shielding box 1, and the diameter of each heat dissipation hole is 6 mm.
The capacitive coupling ring 8 is two copper rings with the same size, is sleeved on the outer surface of the discharge tube 3 at a certain distance, and further comprises a radio frequency power supply matcher 10 connected with the capacitive coupling ring 8 and a radio frequency power supply 11 connected with the radio frequency power supply matcher 10, wherein the radio frequency power supply matcher 10 is a PSG-Mini type matcher, and the radio frequency power supply matcher 10 is connected with the radio frequency power supply 11 through a power output line; the radio frequency power matcher 10 is arranged at the bottom inside the shielding box 1, the radio frequency power source 11 is arranged outside the shielding box 1, and power is fed into the discharge tube 3 through the radio frequency power matcher 10 and the capacitive coupling ring 8 (namely, a radio frequency power is fed into a high-frequency power mode); the output frequency of the radio frequency power supply 11 is 108MHz, the maximum power is 200W, and the model is RSG 200; the shield box 1 is provided with a joint of a power output line for connecting a radio frequency power supply matcher 10 and a radio frequency power supply 11.
The annular permanent magnet 9 is sleeved outside the discharge tube 3 to form a permanent magnet type magnetic field structure, the permanent magnet 9 is arranged inside the shielding box 1 and close to the tail end of the discharge tube 3 and used for generating an axial magnetic field, and the magnetic field intensity is 2000 gauss. The permanent magnet 9 is arranged at the center of the bottom of the shielding box 1, and the discharge tube 3 passes through the center holes of the two end faces of the shielding box 1 during installation, so that the center of the permanent magnet 9, the center of the discharge tube 3 and the centers of the two end faces of the shielding box 1 are superposed.
And the cooling fan 2 is arranged inside the shielding box 1 and used for dissipating heat inside the shielding box 1.
The invention provides a+The working principle of the ion source is as follows:
will D+The main body of the ion source is assembled and sealed and then is arranged on a vacuum tube of a neutron generator (the vacuum tube is positioned at D)+Tail end of ion source), vacuum pumping the discharge tube 3 to 1 by vacuum pump on vacuum tube0-3After the magnitude of Pa is above, deuterium gas with a certain pressure is input into the discharge tube 3 by the gas flow controller 5, then high-frequency power (high-frequency electric field) is fed into the capacitive coupling ring 8 by the radio-frequency power supply 11 to ionize the deuterium gas in the discharge tube 3, free electrons in the discharge tube 3 reciprocate under the action of the electric field to obtain the probability of collision with gas molecules in the tube, meanwhile, due to the existence of an axial magnetic field, the electron motion is changed into reciprocating spiral motion, the probability of collision between electrons and gas molecules is increased, electrons at the periphery of atoms are stripped to be ionized, and D is generated+Simultaneously generating more electrons, ionizing the gas again by the generated electrons, and after a certain time of ionization process, balancing the gas ionization and gradually forming D+Plasma, forming a plasma surface above the extraction structure 15, and loading positive direct current high voltage to the anode probe 4 through a high voltage power supply to generate D by ionization+The anode probe 4 and the extraction structure 15 are led out from the pore channel of the extraction structure 15 to a vacuum tube at the rear end of the ion source chassis 18 under the action of an electric field formed between the anode probe and the extraction structure 15.
The device according to the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described in the specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments according to the technical solutions of the present invention, and also belong to the technical innovation scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. D+The ion source is arranged on a vacuum tube of the neutron generator and is characterized in that: the deuterium ion source comprises a discharge tube (3) with a leading-out structure (15) at the tail end and a top end connected with a deuterium gas steel cylinder (6), wherein a disc-shaped ion source chassis (18) is arranged at the tail end of the discharge tube (3), and the leading-out structure (15) is positioned in the center of the ion source chassis (18); the device also comprises a capacitive coupling ring (8) sleeved on the outer surface of the discharge tube (3) and an anode probe (4) arranged at the top end of the discharge tube (3);
the LED lamp is characterized by further comprising a shielding box (1) arranged on the periphery of the discharge tube (3), wherein the top end and the tail end of the discharge tube (3) are located outside the shielding box (1), the shielding box (1) is an aluminum box, and a plurality of heat dissipation holes are formed in the shielding box (1);
the capacitive coupling ring (8) is composed of two copper rings with the same size, is separately sleeved on the outer surface of the discharge tube (3), and further comprises a radio frequency power supply matcher (10) connected with the capacitive coupling ring (8), and a radio frequency power supply (11) connected with the radio frequency power supply matcher (10) through a power output line; the radio frequency power supply matcher (10) is arranged at the bottom inside the shielding box (1), the radio frequency power supply (11) is arranged outside the shielding box (1), and power is fed into the discharge tube (3) through the radio frequency power supply matcher (10) and the capacitive coupling ring (8); the shielding box (1) is provided with a joint of the power output line, and the joint is used for connecting the radio frequency power supply matcher (10) and the radio frequency power supply (11);
the ion source chassis (18) is made of stainless steel, one side of the ion source chassis (18) is connected with the tail end of the discharge tube (3) through a gland (13) and a pressing sheet (14), and the gland (13) is connected with the ion source chassis (18) through threads; an annular rubber sealing ring (16) is arranged at the tail end of the discharge tube (3), and the discharge tube (3) and the ion source chassis (18) are sealed under the action of the gland (13) and the pressing sheet (14); the other side of the ion source chassis (18) is used for being connected with the vacuum tube, and the ion source chassis (18) is sealed with the vacuum tube through an O-shaped sealing ring; the ion source chassis (18) is internally provided with a circular gap interlayer serving as a cooling water layer, a water inlet (12) and a water outlet (17) which are communicated with the cooling water layer are arranged, cooling liquid enters the cooling water layer through the water inlet (12) and is discharged from the water outlet (17), and the leading-out structure (15) is cooled;
the magnetic shielding box is characterized by further comprising an annular permanent magnet (9) sleeved outside the discharge tube (3), wherein the permanent magnet (9) is arranged inside the shielding box (1) and close to the tail end of the discharge tube (3) and used for generating an axial magnetic field, and the magnetic field intensity is 2000 gauss; the permanent magnet (9) is arranged at the center of the bottom of the shielding box (1), and the discharge tube (3) passes through the center holes of the two end faces of the shielding box (1), so that the center of the permanent magnet (9), the center of the discharge tube (3) and the centers of the two end faces of the shielding box (1) are superposed;
the cooling device is characterized by further comprising a cooling fan (2) arranged inside the shielding box (1) and used for dissipating heat inside the shielding box (1).
2. D according to claim 1+An ion source, characterized by: the lead-out structure (15) is positioned on the axis of the discharge tube (3) and consists of an aluminum electrode and a quartz sleeve, the aluminum electrode is a cylinder with a round hole in the center, and the round hole is a beam lead-out pore channel; the quartz sleeve is sleeved outside the aluminum electrode.
3. D according to claim 2+An ion source, characterized by: the discharge tube (3) is made of high-purity quartz glass, the tail end of the discharge tube (3) is flat, a round hole is formed in the center of the tail end, and the round hole is used for being sleeved on the quartz sleeve of the leading-out structure (15); an air inlet pipe (7) is arranged at the top end of the discharge tube (3), and the air inlet pipe (7) is connected with the deuterium gas steel cylinder (6) through a vacuum rubber tube and used for inputting deuterium gas into the discharge tube (3); the anode probe (4) is arranged at the center of the top end of the discharge tube (3) and is used for loading an extraction voltage; the anode probe (4) is made of a tungsten rod.
4. D according to claim 3+An ion source, characterized by: intake pipe (7) with still be equipped with gas flow controller (5) between deuterium gas steel bottle (6), gas flow controller (5) adopt needle valve control gas flow, gas flow controller (5) both ends are used respectively the vacuum rubber union coupling deuterium gas steel bottle (6) and discharge tube (3) intake pipe (7).
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| CN202010455651.5A CN111741584B (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2020-05-26 | D+Ion source |
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| CN202010455651.5A CN111741584B (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2020-05-26 | D+Ion source |
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| CN111741584B true CN111741584B (en) | 2021-12-28 |
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