CN111737889A - Multi-disciplinary collaborative optimization design method and system for vehicle body frame - Google Patents
Multi-disciplinary collaborative optimization design method and system for vehicle body frame Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a multidisciplinary collaborative optimization design method for a vehicle body frame, which comprises the following steps: s1, establishing a vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model according to the vehicle body detailed model, wherein the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model comprises a linear working condition model and a nonlinear working condition model; s2, setting performance target values corresponding to the sub-working condition models in the multi-disciplinary vehicle body optimization model, taking the performance target values as performance constraint conditions, and performing DOE analysis on the beam unit section size parameters of the multi-disciplinary vehicle body optimization model by using the plurality of sub-working condition models and the performance constraint conditions to obtain sensitivity analysis results of the beam unit section size parameters corresponding to the sub-working condition models in the multi-disciplinary vehicle body optimization model; and S3, optimizing by using the sensitivity analysis result and adopting a multidisciplinary collaborative optimization method to obtain the optimal solution of the multidisciplinary optimization model of the vehicle body. The invention considers the coupling problem between the linear working condition and the nonlinear working condition of the vehicle body and improves the optimization precision and the optimization efficiency of the vehicle body frame.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a method and a system for multidisciplinary collaborative optimization design of a vehicle body frame.
Background
The method for realizing the light weight optimization design of the vehicle body mainly comprises two methods: firstly, optimizing the structural shape of a body-in-white; and secondly, novel light materials such as aluminum alloy, carbon fiber and the like are used. Currently, optimization of the structural shape of a body-in-white is mainly performed on the basis of a single linear working condition or a comprehensive linear working condition of bending rigidity, torsional rigidity, mode and the like, optimization calculation methods performed on nonlinear working conditions such as collision and the like are rare, and optimization calculation methods comprehensively considering linear and nonlinear working conditions are rare.
Patent publication No. CN106919767A describes a method for analyzing body-in-white weight of an automobile, but the technical solution of the patent has the following disadvantages: 1. only aiming at the linear working conditions such as mode, rigidity and the like, and not relating to the nonlinear working conditions such as collision and the like; 2. by adopting a single-stage multidisciplinary multi-target optimization method, the calculation period is long, the convergence is slow, and the efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a vehicle body frame multidisciplinary collaborative optimization design method and system, which consider the coupling problem between the linear working condition and the nonlinear working condition of a vehicle body and improve the optimization precision and the optimization efficiency of the vehicle body frame.
The invention provides a multidisciplinary collaborative optimization design method for a vehicle body frame, which comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model according to the vehicle body detailed model, wherein the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model comprises a plurality of sub-working condition models, and the plurality of sub-working condition models comprise a linear working condition model and a nonlinear working condition model;
s2, setting performance target values corresponding to the sub-working condition models in the multi-disciplinary vehicle body optimization model, taking the performance target values as performance constraint conditions, and performing DOE analysis on the beam unit section dimension parameters of the multi-disciplinary vehicle body optimization model by using the sub-working condition models and the performance constraint conditions to obtain sensitivity analysis results of the beam unit section dimension parameters corresponding to the sub-working condition models in the multi-disciplinary vehicle body optimization model;
and S3, optimizing the system level of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model and the plurality of sub-working condition models by using the sensitivity analysis result and adopting a multidisciplinary collaborative optimization method to obtain the optimal solution of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model.
Preferably, the linear working condition model comprises a bending stiffness model, a torsional stiffness model and a modal model; the nonlinear condition model comprises a collision condition model.
Preferably, the plurality of sub-working condition models in step S1 are all vehicle body frame models obtained by simplifying one-dimensional beam units.
Preferably, the performance error between the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model and the vehicle body detailed model is not more than 15%, the section of the one-dimensional beam unit is equivalent to a rectangular section, and the section size parameters of the one-dimensional beam units corresponding to different sub-working condition models are consistent.
Preferably, in step S2, when the DOE analysis is performed on the beam unit cross-sectional dimension parameters of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model by using the plurality of sub-condition models and the performance constraint conditions, the importance of the beam unit cross-sectional dimension parameters of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model is ranked according to the performance target values corresponding to different sub-condition models, so that the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model is optimized and solved according to the importance order of the beam unit cross-sectional dimension parameters of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model.
Preferably, step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
s31, setting the value range of the system-level beam unit section size parameters of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model, the maximum value of the consistency constraint function of each sub-working condition model, the value range of the beam unit section size parameters of each sub-working condition model and the corresponding performance target value of each sub-working condition model;
and S32, optimizing the system level of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model and the plurality of sub-working condition models by adopting a multidisciplinary collaborative optimization method to obtain the optimal solution of the system level of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model and the plurality of sub-working condition models.
Preferably, step S32 specifically includes the following steps:
s321, optimizing the system level of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model to obtain a group of system level design variables, and transmitting the system level design variables to each sub-working condition model of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model;
and S322, optimizing each sub-working condition model of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model, after the optimization of each sub-working condition model of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model is completed, feeding back a consistency constraint function of each sub-working condition model of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model to a system level of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model, returning to the step S321 until the system level consistency constraint function of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model meets a performance constraint condition, solving the plurality of sub-working condition models, and calculating an optimal solution of the convergence of the sub-working condition models.
The invention also provides a multidisciplinary collaborative optimization design system for the vehicle body frame, which comprises the following components:
the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model building module is used for building a vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model according to a vehicle body detailed model, wherein the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model comprises a plurality of sub-working condition models, and the plurality of sub-working condition models comprise a linear working condition model and a nonlinear working condition model;
the sensitivity analysis module is used for setting performance target values corresponding to all sub-working condition models in the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model, taking the performance target values as performance constraint conditions, and performing DOE analysis on beam unit section dimension parameters of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model by using the plurality of sub-working condition models and the performance constraint conditions to obtain sensitivity analysis results of the beam unit section dimension parameters corresponding to all the sub-working condition models in the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model;
and the model solving module is used for optimizing the system level of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model and the plurality of sub-working condition models by utilizing the sensitivity analysis result and adopting a multidisciplinary collaborative optimization method to obtain the optimal solution of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model.
Preferably, the sensitivity analysis module is further configured to, when the DOE analysis is performed on the beam unit cross-sectional dimension parameters of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model by using the plurality of sub-operating condition models and the performance constraint conditions, rank the importance of the beam unit cross-sectional dimension parameters of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model according to performance target values corresponding to different sub-operating condition models, so as to perform optimization solution on the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model according to the importance order of the beam unit cross-sectional dimension parameters of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model.
Preferably, the model solving module comprises:
the parameter setting unit is used for setting the value range of the system-level beam unit section size parameter of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model, the maximum value of the consistency constraint function of each sub-working condition model, the value range of the beam unit section size parameter of each sub-working condition model and the corresponding performance target value of each sub-working condition model;
and the model solving unit is used for optimizing the system level of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model and the plurality of sub-working condition models by adopting a multidisciplinary collaborative optimization method to obtain the optimal solution of the system level of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model and the plurality of sub-working condition models.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the coupling problem of the linear working condition and the nonlinear working condition of the vehicle body is comprehensively considered, so that the related vehicle body has more comprehensive performance; the DOE method is combined with a multidisciplinary collaborative optimization algorithm for optimization, the DOE method is used for carrying out sensitivity sequencing on each section size parameter under each sub-working condition model, the multidisciplinary collaborative optimization algorithm is a multi-stage multi-target optimization method, and the two are combined, so that the optimization precision and efficiency are improved to a great extent.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a multidisciplinary collaborative optimization design method for a vehicle body frame provided by the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a beam unit in the multidisciplinary optimization model of the vehicle body provided by the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a model structure of the multidisciplinary collaborative optimization method provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a multidisciplinary collaborative optimization design method of a vehicle body frame, which comprises the following steps as shown in figure 1:
s1, establishing a vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model according to the vehicle body detailed model, wherein the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model comprises a plurality of sub-working condition models, and the plurality of sub-working condition models comprise a linear working condition model and a nonlinear working condition model; here, the plurality of sub-behavior models are all vehicle body frame models obtained by simplifying one-dimensional beam units. The detailed model of the vehicle body is a finite element model after the three-dimensional model of the vehicle body is divided into grids.
S2, setting performance target values corresponding to the sub-working condition models in the multi-disciplinary vehicle body optimization model, taking the performance target values as performance constraint conditions, and carrying out DOE (design of experiments) analysis on the beam unit section size parameters of the multi-disciplinary vehicle body optimization model by utilizing the plurality of sub-working condition models and the performance constraint conditions to obtain sensitivity analysis results of the beam unit section size parameters corresponding to the sub-working condition models in the multi-disciplinary vehicle body optimization model; here, the performance that needs to be constrained includes: flexural rigidity KBTorsional rigidity KTFirst order bending mode
First order torsional mode
Deformation by collision KPEtc.; the beam unit section dimension parameters corresponding to each sub-working condition model comprise a shown in figure 2i、bi、si、tiFour cross-sectional dimension parameters. In general, the number of beam unit sections of the body frame model can be reduced to about 50, and each beam unit section contains 4 section size parameters, i.e. the beam unit section size parameter is about 200.
And S3, optimizing the system level and the plurality of sub-working condition models of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model by using the sensitivity analysis result and adopting a multidisciplinary collaborative optimization method to obtain the optimal solution of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model. And global constraint is carried out through a consistency constraint function, so that the accuracy of an optimization result is ensured, the performance of each sub-working condition is balanced by the optimization result, and the feasibility of the optimization result is ensured.
And after the optimal solution of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model is obtained, outputting the result of the optimal solution according to the corresponding beam unit number, and ensuring that the beam units and the section size parameters of the vehicle body multidisciplinary model are consistent with the vehicle body frame model.
The linear working condition model comprises a bending stiffness model, a torsional stiffness model and a modal model; the nonlinear condition models comprise collision condition models (mainly comprising maximum deformation displacement, acceleration and the like caused by collision), and the models can cover main control performance of the vehicle body.
The performance error between the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model and the vehicle body detailed model is not more than 15%, the comprehensiveness and the accuracy of a subsequent optimization result are guaranteed, the cross section of the one-dimensional beam unit is equivalent to a rectangular cross section, the cross section size parameters of the one-dimensional beam units corresponding to different sub-working condition models are consistent, the cross section mechanical characteristics of the beam unit are controlled through the cross section size parameters of the one-dimensional beam unit, and the optimization consistency and reliability are guaranteed to the greatest extent.
In step S2, when DOE analysis is performed on the beam unit cross-section dimension parameters of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model using the multiple sub-working condition models and the performance constraint conditions, the importance of the beam unit cross-section dimension parameters of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model is ranked according to the performance target values corresponding to the different sub-working condition models, so that the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model is optimized and solved according to the importance sequence of the beam unit cross-section dimension parameters of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model, and the convergence duration of subsequent optimization can be greatly shortened. In step S2, the upper limit of the performance constraint of each sub-operating condition model may be appropriately relaxed to 1.1 to 1.2 times. The optimization is carried out by adopting a DOE method, point calculation is carried out in the design range before optimization, so that the value range of the size parameters of the sections of the beam units is reduced, meanwhile, a multidisciplinary optimization algorithm is utilized to carry out multidisciplinary optimization design on the vehicle body frame in the area range, the optimization method is improved to a multistage multidisciplinary optimization method, and the optimization precision and the optimization efficiency can be greatly improved.
Step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
s31, setting the value range of the system-level beam unit section size parameters of the multi-disciplinary optimization model of the vehicle body, the maximum value of the consistency constraint function of each sub-working condition model, the value range of the beam unit section size parameters of each sub-working condition model and the corresponding performance target value of each sub-working condition model;
and S32, optimizing the system level and the plurality of sub-working condition models of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model by adopting a multidisciplinary collaborative optimization method to obtain the optimal solutions of the system level and the plurality of sub-working condition models of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model.
Wherein, step S32 specifically includes the following steps:
s321, optimizing the system level of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model to obtain a group of system level design variables, transmitting the system level design variables to each sub-working condition model of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model, and executing the step S322;
and S322, optimizing each sub-working condition model of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model, after the optimization of each sub-working condition model of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model is completed, feeding back the consistency constraint function of each sub-working condition model of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model to the system level of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model, returning to the step S321 until the system level consistency constraint function of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model meets the performance constraint condition, solving the plurality of sub-working condition models, and calculating the optimal solution of the convergence of the sub-working condition models.
For example, in the system level of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model and the aim of minimizing the vehicle body mass, the value range expressions of the consistency constraint function and the section size parameters of each beam unit are as follows:
min：mass＝f(Z)
s.t.：JB≤
JT≤
JP≤
ali≤ai≤aui
bli≤bi≤bui
sli≤si≤sui
tli≤ti≤tui
mass is the mass of the whole body in white, and Z represents the beam element section optimization variables (a) of all body frame modelsi、bi、si、ti)，JB、JT、
JPRespectively bending stiffness and torsionThe constraint conditions of the stiffness, the first-order bending mode, the first-order torsion mode and the consistency under the collision working condition are very small constant values, ai、bi、si、tiThe dimension parameters of the cross section of each beam of the vehicle body frame are respectively. a isli、bli、sli、tli、aui、bui、sui、tuiRespectively, the lower limit and the upper limit of the corresponding sectional dimension parameter.
The first sub-operating mode is a bending rigidity operating mode to minimize a consistency constraint function JBFor the purpose of restraining the bending rigidity K of the vehicle bodyBAnd the value range of the section size parameter of each beam unit, wherein the expression is as follows:
s.t.：KB≥min_KB
ali≤B_ai≤aui
bli≤B_bi≤bui
sli≤B_si≤sui
tli≤B_ti≤tui
in the above formula min _ KBAs a bending stiffness target value, B _ ai、B_bi、B_si、B_siAnd dimension parameters corresponding to the sections of the beams are set for the sub-working condition models.
The bending rigidity calculation loading mode is to apply concentrated loading force at the mounting points of the front and rear seats. The constraint mode is that the translational degree of freedom of an Y, Z shaft is constrained at the front suspension, the translational degree of freedom of a X, Y, Z shaft is constrained at the rear suspension, the bending rigidity of the car body can be calculated by solving the maximum Z-direction displacement of threshold beams at two sides of the white car body, and the expression is as follows:
the second sub-operating mode model is a torsional rigidity operating mode,to minimize the consistency constraint function JTFor the purpose of restraining the bending rigidity K of the vehicle bodyTAnd the value range of the section size parameter of each beam unit, wherein the expression is as follows:
s.t.：KT≥min_KT
ali≤T_ai≤aui
bli≤T_bi≤bui
sli≤T_si≤sui
tli≤T_ti≤tui
in the above formula min _ KTAs a bending stiffness target value, B _ ai、B_bi、B_si、B_siAnd the dimension parameters of the cross section of each beam corresponding to the sub-working condition model II are obtained.
The torsional rigidity calculation loading mode is that force is applied to mounting points on two sides of a front suspension, the left side is upward, the right side is downward, a torsional moment M is formed, the 6-direction freedom degree of the mounting point of a rear suspension is restrained, and the Z-direction displacement delta Z of the mounting points on two sides of the front suspension of a vehicle body frame is utilized1、ΔZ2The torsional rigidity of the body-in-white can be calculated by the expression:
the third sub-working condition model is a modal working condition to minimize a consistency constraint function
To target, constrained modes include, but are not limited to, first order bending modes KF1First order torsional mode KF2And the value range of the section size parameter of each beam unit, wherein the expression is as follows:
s.t.：min_KF1≤KF1≤max_KF1
ali≤F1_ai≤aui
bli≤F1_bi≤bui
sli≤F1_si≤sui
tli≤F1_ti≤tui
in the above formula min _ KF1、max_KF1Minimum and maximum values of the first-order bending mode, F1_ai、F1_bi、F1_si、F1_tiAnd the dimension parameters of the cross section of each beam under the third sub-working condition model are shown.
s.t.：min_KF2≤KF2≤max_KF2
ali≤F2_ai≤aui
bli≤F2_bi≤bui
sli≤F2_si≤sui
tli≤F2_ti≤tui
In the above formula min _ KF2、max_KF2Minimum and maximum values of the first-order bending mode, F2_ai、F2_bi、F2_si、F2_tiAnd the dimensional parameters of the cross section of each beam corresponding to the sub-working condition model III.
The sub-operating mode model is a collision operating mode to minimize a consistency constraint function JPFor the purpose of restraining the value ranges of the collision displacement (or acceleration, section force and the like) of the vehicle body and the section size parameters of each beam unit, the expression is as follows:
s.t.：dispP≤max_disp
ali≤P_ai≤aui
bli≤P_bi≤bui
sli≤P_si≤sui
tli≤P_ti≤tui
in the above formula, max _ disp is the maximum collision displacement, P _ ai、P_bi、P_si、P_siAnd the dimension parameters of the cross sections of the beams under the sub-working condition model.
The collision working conditions can include full head-on collision, offset collision, side collision and the like, taking full head-on collision as an example, a rigid wall is built right in front of the vehicle body frame, and the vehicle body is moved at a certain speed to collide with the rigid wall so as to simulate the full head-on collision working conditions.
And solving the sub-working condition models, as shown in fig. 3. A system level of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model is optimized to obtain a group of design variables Z, then the design variables Z are transmitted to each sub-working condition model (namely, subsystem) for optimization, and after the sub-working condition model is optimized, the consistency constraint function is fed back to the system level. When the requirements of a system-level objective function and a constraint function are met, namely all consistency constraint functions are less than or equal to each other, the mass change of two continuous iterations is extremely small, and the optimal solution is obtained through calculation convergence; and when the consistency constraint function does not meet the constraint, continuously and iteratively solving the beam unit section size parameters.
And if the consistency constraint function does not meet the requirement, comprehensively considering the performance values and the quality under each sub-working condition, and selecting one group of parameter values as an optimization result.
The invention also provides a multidisciplinary collaborative optimization design system for the vehicle body frame, which comprises the following components: the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model building module, the sensitivity analysis module and the model solving module.
The vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model building module is used for building a vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model according to the vehicle body detailed model, the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model comprises a plurality of sub-working condition models, and the plurality of sub-working condition models comprise a linear working condition model and a nonlinear working condition model.
The sensitivity analysis module is used for setting performance target values corresponding to the sub-working condition models in the multi-disciplinary vehicle body optimization model, taking the performance target values as performance constraint conditions, and performing DOE analysis on the beam unit section size parameters of the multi-disciplinary vehicle body optimization model by using the plurality of sub-working condition models and the performance constraint conditions to obtain sensitivity analysis results of the beam unit section size parameters corresponding to the sub-working condition models in the multi-disciplinary vehicle body optimization model.
And the model solving module is used for optimizing the system level and the plurality of sub-working condition models of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model by using the sensitivity analysis result and adopting a multidisciplinary collaborative optimization method to obtain the optimal solution of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model.
The sensitivity analysis module is further used for sequencing the importance of the beam unit section size parameters of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model according to the performance target values corresponding to different sub-working condition models when DOE analysis is carried out on the beam unit section size parameters of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model by using the plurality of sub-working condition models and the performance constraint conditions, so that optimization solution is carried out on the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model according to the importance sequence of the beam unit section size parameters of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model.
Wherein, the model solving module comprises: parameter setting unit, model solution unit.
The parameter setting unit is used for setting the value range of the system-level beam unit section size parameters of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model, the maximum value of the consistency constraint function of each sub-working condition model, the value range of the beam unit section size parameters of each sub-working condition model and the corresponding performance target value of each sub-working condition model.
The model solving unit is used for optimizing the system level and the plurality of sub-working condition models of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model by adopting a multidisciplinary collaborative optimization method to obtain the optimal solutions of the system level and the plurality of sub-working condition models of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model.
The multi-disciplinary design of bending, twisting and collision rolling is carried out on the frame structure of the automobile body, so that various comprehensive performances of the automobile body are improved, the quality of the automobile body is reduced, and the aim of lightening the automobile body is fulfilled. The working condition performance comprises bending rigidity, torsional rigidity, a first-order bending mode, a first-order torsional mode, collision deformation and the like. The multidisciplinary optimization design of the vehicle body structure comprehensively considers the coupling between multiple disciplines such as linearity and nonlinearity. And optimally designing the vehicle body structure by combining a multi-objective genetic algorithm and a multi-disciplinary collaborative optimization algorithm to finally obtain an optimal solution set. The designer can select an optimization result according to actual needs, the design period is greatly shortened, and the research and development cost is reduced.
In conclusion, the coupling problem of the linear working condition and the nonlinear working condition of the vehicle body is comprehensively considered, the related vehicle body performance comprises bending rigidity, torsional rigidity, mode, collision performance and the like, and the related vehicle body performance is more comprehensive; the vehicle body detailed model is subjected to equivalent optimization by adopting a vehicle body frame model with unified parameters, the adopted vehicle body frame model is a model obtained by simplifying beam units, the calculation speed of the model is increased by more than eight times compared with that of the vehicle body detailed model, the corresponding beam units and the cross section size parameters thereof are consistent, rectangular cross sections are uniformly adopted, the cross section size parameters are four size parameters, the optimization problem is simplified, and the consistency of the optimization quality is ensured. The DOE method is combined with a multidisciplinary collaborative optimization algorithm (CO) to carry out optimization, the DOE method carries out sensitivity sequencing on each section size parameter under each sub-working condition model, the multidisciplinary collaborative optimization algorithm is a multi-stage multi-objective optimization method, and the DOE method and the multi-disciplinary collaborative optimization algorithm are combined, so that the optimization precision and efficiency are greatly improved.
And realizing performance driving design. By utilizing the invention, a design scheme meeting various performances of the vehicle body can be quickly obtained, and a structural design taking the performance as guidance is realized, such as a concept vehicle body meeting requirements at the initial design stage of a new vehicle type according to performance targets.
And the lightweight design is realized. The invention can achieve the lightest overall weight of the vehicle body on the premise of meeting various performances, and by utilizing the invention, the weight of the vehicle body can be reduced by setting performance constraint and a specific position beam structure required to be optimized, and the structure at a local position is optimized on the premise of ensuring the performance of the existing vehicle type, so that the weight of the vehicle body is reduced.
The concrete tracing of the performance problem of the vehicle body is realized. In the invention, sequencing of the sensitivity of the section size parameters under various performance states is obtained by a DOE method, and corresponding performance problems can be quickly traced and positioned through a sensitivity result in subsequent design work.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A multidisciplinary collaborative optimization design method for a vehicle body frame is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing a vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model according to the vehicle body detailed model, wherein the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model comprises a plurality of sub-working condition models, and the plurality of sub-working condition models comprise a linear working condition model and a nonlinear working condition model;
s2, setting performance target values corresponding to the sub-working condition models in the multi-disciplinary vehicle body optimization model, taking the performance target values as performance constraint conditions, and performing DOE analysis on the beam unit section dimension parameters of the multi-disciplinary vehicle body optimization model by using the sub-working condition models and the performance constraint conditions to obtain sensitivity analysis results of the beam unit section dimension parameters corresponding to the sub-working condition models in the multi-disciplinary vehicle body optimization model;
and S3, optimizing the system level of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model and the plurality of sub-working condition models by using the sensitivity analysis result and adopting a multidisciplinary collaborative optimization method to obtain the optimal solution of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model.
2. The multidisciplinary collaborative optimization design method for the vehicle body frame according to claim 1, wherein the linear working condition model comprises a bending stiffness model, a torsional stiffness model and a modal model; the nonlinear condition model comprises a collision condition model.
3. The multidisciplinary collaborative optimization design method for the vehicle body frame according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of sub-working condition models in the step S1 are all vehicle body frame models obtained by simplifying one-dimensional beam units.
4. The multidisciplinary collaborative optimization design method for the vehicle body frame according to claim 3, wherein a performance error between the multidisciplinary optimization model for the vehicle body and the detailed model for the vehicle body is not more than 15%, the cross section of the one-dimensional beam unit is equivalent to a rectangular cross section, and the cross section size parameters of the one-dimensional beam units corresponding to different sub-working condition models are consistent.
5. The method for multidisciplinary collaborative optimization design of a vehicle body frame according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, when DOE analysis is performed on the beam element section size parameters of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model by using the plurality of sub-operating condition models and the performance constraint conditions, the importance of the beam element section size parameters of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model is ranked according to the performance target values corresponding to different sub-operating condition models, so that the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model is optimized and solved according to the importance sequence of the beam element section size parameters of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model.
6. The multidisciplinary collaborative optimization design method for the vehicle body frame according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 specifically comprises the following steps:
s31, setting the value range of the system-level beam unit section size parameters of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model, the maximum value of the consistency constraint function of each sub-working condition model, the value range of the beam unit section size parameters of each sub-working condition model and the corresponding performance target value of each sub-working condition model;
and S32, optimizing the system level of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model and the plurality of sub-working condition models by adopting a multidisciplinary collaborative optimization method to obtain the optimal solution of the system level of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model and the plurality of sub-working condition models.
7. The multidisciplinary collaborative optimization design method for the vehicle body frame according to claim 6, wherein the step S32 specifically comprises the following steps:
s321, optimizing the system level of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model to obtain a group of system level design variables, and transmitting the system level design variables to each sub-working condition model of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model;
and S322, optimizing each sub-working condition model of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model, after the optimization of each sub-working condition model of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model is completed, feeding back a consistency constraint function of each sub-working condition model of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model to a system level of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model, returning to the step S321 until the system level consistency constraint function of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model meets a performance constraint condition, solving the plurality of sub-working condition models, and calculating an optimal solution of the convergence of the sub-working condition models.
8. A vehicle body frame multidisciplinary collaborative optimization design system is characterized by comprising:
the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model building module is used for building a vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model according to a vehicle body detailed model, wherein the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model comprises a plurality of sub-working condition models, and the plurality of sub-working condition models comprise a linear working condition model and a nonlinear working condition model;
the sensitivity analysis module is used for setting performance target values corresponding to all sub-working condition models in the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model, taking the performance target values as performance constraint conditions, and performing DOE analysis on beam unit section dimension parameters of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model by using the plurality of sub-working condition models and the performance constraint conditions to obtain sensitivity analysis results of the beam unit section dimension parameters corresponding to all the sub-working condition models in the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model;
and the model solving module is used for optimizing the system level of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model and the plurality of sub-working condition models by utilizing the sensitivity analysis result and adopting a multidisciplinary collaborative optimization method to obtain the optimal solution of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the sensitivity analysis module is further configured to rank the importance of the beam unit cross-sectional dimension parameters of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model according to the performance target values corresponding to different sub-operating condition models when performing DOE analysis on the beam unit cross-sectional dimension parameters of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model by using the plurality of sub-operating condition models and the performance constraint conditions, so as to perform optimization solution on the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model according to the importance order of the beam unit cross-sectional dimension parameters of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model.
10. The body frame multidisciplinary collaborative optimization design system according to claim 8, wherein the model solving module includes:
the parameter setting unit is used for setting the value range of the system-level beam unit section size parameter of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model, the maximum value of the consistency constraint function of each sub-working condition model, the value range of the beam unit section size parameter of each sub-working condition model and the corresponding performance target value of each sub-working condition model;
and the model solving unit is used for optimizing the system level of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model and the plurality of sub-working condition models by adopting a multidisciplinary collaborative optimization method to obtain the optimal solution of the system level of the vehicle body multidisciplinary optimization model and the plurality of sub-working condition models.
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