CN111735598B - Novel multi-working-condition drop test device and method for landing buffer mechanism - Google Patents
Novel multi-working-condition drop test device and method for landing buffer mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN111735598B CN111735598B CN202010483661.XA CN202010483661A CN111735598B CN 111735598 B CN111735598 B CN 111735598B CN 202010483661 A CN202010483661 A CN 202010483661A CN 111735598 B CN111735598 B CN 111735598B
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel multi-working-condition drop test device and a test method for a landing buffer mechanism, wherein the device comprises a rack system, a lifting system, a drop system and a load acquisition system, wherein the lifting system is fixed on the rack system, the drop system is arranged on the rack system and can vertically slide, and the load acquisition system is arranged below the drop system; and adjusting the landing attitude of a landing leg in the landing system, fixing the landing attitude, lifting the landing system to a preset height, unlocking by an unlocking mechanism, enabling the landing system to freely slide down along a cylindrical guide rail under the action of gravity, enabling a foot pad on the landing leg to be in contact with the three-dimensional force measuring platform to simulate the collision process of the lander and the ground, and recording data. The invention has simple structure, impact reaction moment overturning resistance and high test and measurement precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of star surface landing buffering in the technical field of aerospace, and particularly relates to a novel multi-working-condition drop test device and a test method for a landing buffering mechanism.
Background
Landing gear drop test is a dynamic test that simulates the landing impact of an aircraft. In order to prevent the structural components of the aircraft from being overloaded during landing impact, the landing gear must effectively absorb energy generated by the landing impact, and the drop test is to verify whether the landing gear system meets the technical requirements of technical indexes such as overload and service travel of the landing gear while meeting the energy absorption requirement, and whether the structure can reach the expected strength and rigidity.
With the successful landing of the Chang' e four lander, the three-step strategy of lunar exploration engineering in China has realized the first two steps. Subsequently, China continues to implement a plurality of deep space exploration tasks such as moon exploration, Mars exploration, asteroid exploration and Mars exploration, wherein the star surface soft landing mechanism is one of the key technologies of deep space exploration and directly influences the success or failure of the soft landing of the detector. Therefore, the research of the soft landing mechanism is very important for the development of space science and deep space exploration technology, and the multi-working-condition drop test device has extremely important research value as one of the main devices of the ground test of the soft landing mechanism.
In the early stage of design, the reliability of the star surface soft landing device model is generally verified by establishing a digitized three-dimensional equivalent digital model and simulation software. However, from the practical engineering point of view, the buffering performance of the buffering material is not effectively verified through experiments, and the result is not necessarily reliable. If the technical means of combining theoretical modeling, digital simulation and experimental verification is not adopted, the reliability of the soft landing device cannot be effectively verified, and in the quantitative evaluation of the landing buffer reliability of the Chang' e three-model lunar exploration lander, the method realizes the accurate evaluation of the landing buffer reliability by combining a large-sample digital simulation test and a physical test sample. Therefore, the development work of the multi-working-condition drop test bed of the star surface landing buffer device is very necessary.
Many large star surface soft landing device experimental devices owned by China up to now, such as moon drop test field of Beijing Zhuzhuang. The research and application of the small single-leg drop test device are few, and the single-leg buffer drop test at present can only be realized by a relatively universal drop test device designed for the simulation of the aircraft landing gear. The common structure of the lifting device comprises a vertical column frame, a hanging basket, a lifting device system, a retraction mechanism, a motion guide mechanism, a ground impact platform and the like. The landing gear landing point of the airplane cannot generate large displacement in the test process, so that the position of the grounding point and the position of the gravity center can be well overlapped; and the weight of the hanging basket can better simulate the equivalent mass of the mounting point of the landing gear of the airplane. However, the testing device does not specially design the star surface landing detector, the landing detectors designed in China at present all adopt four-leg landing gear which are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the land device, and the damping performance of the landing detectors is usually verified by adopting 1/4 landing device models, namely single-leg structural models. The 1/4 lander model is different from the traditional column landing gear structure, the structural extension amount is large, the relative position of the gravity center position of the lander and the grounding point of the landing gear can deviate in the buffering process, and the deviation amount is large, so that large overturning moment can be generated opposite to the gravity center of the lander. The traditional aircraft landing gear drop test device adopted for the drop test of the single-leg structure model has the following defects: the contact force between the hanging basket and the sliding support is larger; the hanging basket structure is not rigid enough and the foundation structure amount is great, all cause adverse effect to the drop test result.
In summary, the invention provides a novel multi-working-condition drop test device and a test method for a landing buffer mechanism, which can perform simulation experiments under various working conditions, and can well overcome the defects of the traditional drop test device in 1/4 lander model tests.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel multi-working-condition drop test device and a test method for a landing buffer mechanism, the test device can well overcome the defects of a traditional drop test device aiming at 1/4 lander model tests, has the requirements on impact reaction moment overturning resistance capacity, strength and rigidity, and can realize drop tests of 1/4 lander models (single-leg structure models) with different structures under multiple working conditions.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a novel multi-working-condition drop test device for a landing buffer mechanism is characterized by comprising a rack system, a drop system, a lifting system and a load acquisition system; the rack system is fixed on the load acquisition system, the falling vibration system is arranged on the rack system, and the falling vibration system can vertically slide along the rack system; the load acquisition system is arranged below the falling system and can rotate and horizontally move relative to the falling system.
Further, the rack system comprises an integral frame, a slide rail fixing seat, a flange plate, two cylindrical guide rails and two disc type polyurethanes; the integral frame comprises a bottom frame, a vertical frame and an inclined triangular support plate; the bottom frame is fixed on the ground, the vertical frame is vertically fixed on the bottom frame, two ends of the inclined triangular support plate are symmetrically connected and fixed between the bottom frame and the vertical frame, and the two cylindrical guide rails are vertically fixed on the vertical frame by utilizing a slide rail fixing seat arranged at the top end of the two cylindrical guide rails and a flange plate arranged at the bottom end of the two cylindrical guide rails; the two disc type polyurethanes are arranged on the flange plate.
Further, the drop system comprises an 1/4 lander model, a universal sliding support, a landing leg chuck, four steel ball retainers, a bearing fixing sleeve, a bearing lantern ring and an unlocking mechanism; the steel ball retainer is connected to the universal sliding support through a bearing fixing sleeve and a bearing lantern ring; the landing leg chuck is fixed on the side surface of the universal sliding support; the unlocking mechanism is fixed below the universal sliding support; one ends of four landing legs of the 1/4 lander model are hinged on the landing leg chucks.
Further, the universal sliding support comprises a lower cross bar, an upper cross bar, four upper vertical supports, a lower vertical support, four middle supports and a counterweight plate; the two upper cross rods and the two lower cross rods are respectively arranged in parallel up and down; four middle supports are respectively fixed between the cross rods in a group of two in an upper and lower way; the four upper vertical supports are nested in the upper cross rod and can slide left and right along the upper cross rod, the four lower vertical supports are nested in the lower cross rod and can slide left and right along the lower cross rod, and the lower vertical supports are nested in the upper vertical supports and the lower vertical supports and can slide up and down, so that the function of the leg type drop test device suitable for different leg types is realized; the counterweight plate is fixed above the two upper cross rods.
Furthermore, the four steel ball retainers form a group up and down in pairs and are respectively connected to the two cylindrical guide rails of the rack system in a sliding manner; the landing leg chucks comprise an upper leg chuck, a lower leg chuck, a left leg chuck and a right leg chuck; the upper and lower leg chucks, the left and right leg chucks are fixed on the universal sliding support;
the unlocking mechanism comprises an electric push rod, an electric push rod mounting seat, an optical axis fixing plate and an optical axis connecting rod; a linear ball bearing, an optical axis;
the electric push rod is fixed below the universal sliding support through the electric push rod mounting seat, and the four linear ball bearings are symmetrically distributed below the lower cross rod of the universal sliding support in pairs; the two optical axes are connected through an optical axis connecting rod, an optical axis fixing plate is arranged on the optical axis connecting rod, and the optical axis fixing plate is respectively connected with the electric push rod and the electric push rod mounting seat; the optical axis pass through optical axis fixed plate and optical axis connecting rod and can slide in sharp ball bearing along with electric push rod promotes, realize with the laminating of U type heavy load pulley and break away from, realize the unblock.
Furthermore, the lifting system comprises a 5005 type screw rod-screw rod nut-coupling-speed regulating motor device, a BF supporting seat, a BK supporting seat, a motor mounting bracket, a lifting platform, a U-shaped heavy-load pulley, a guide optical axis fixing seat and a linear ball bearing; the 5005 type screw rod-screw rod nut-coupling-speed regulating motor device is fixed on a vertical frame of a rack system through a BF supporting seat, a BK supporting seat and a motor mounting bracket at the lower end of the BK supporting seat, wherein the BF supporting seat and the BK supporting seat are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the BF supporting seat;
the guide optical axis is also fixed on the vertical frame through a guide optical axis fixing seat; the two U-shaped heavy-load pulleys are symmetrically fixed on the lifting platform through welding sheets; the linear ball bearing is fixed on one side of the lifting platform.
Furthermore, the 5005 type screw rod-screw rod nut-coupling-speed regulating motor device comprises a 5005 type screw rod, a screw rod nut, a quincunx coupling and a speed regulating motor; the lifting platform is fixed with the screw nut, and can vertically slide along the screw rod and the guide optical axis through the screw nut and the linear ball bearing; the quincunx coupler and the speed regulating motor are sequentially connected to the lower end of the BK supporting seat.
Further, the load acquisition system comprises a ground rail frame, a UCP series spherical surface bearing with a seat, a rotating optical axis, a three-dimensional force measuring platform, a 10-degree wedge block, a 20-degree wedge block and a 30-degree wedge block; the ground rail frame is arranged on one side of a vertical frame in the bench system, and the four UCP series spherical surface bearing with seats are symmetrically fixed on the ground rail frame and the three-dimensional force measuring platform; the rotating optical axis is arranged in a through hole of the UCP series spherical surface bearing with a seat;
the three-dimensional force measuring platform is characterized in that the 10-degree wedge block, the 20-degree wedge block and the 30-degree wedge block are sequentially arranged at the rear end of the three-dimensional force measuring platform and are arranged between the ground rail frames, and the three-dimensional force measuring platform can rotate around a rotating optical axis through UCP series spherical surface bearing with seats and can move to the 10-degree wedge block, the 20-degree wedge block and the 30-degree wedge block.
Further, the three-dimensional force measuring platform include atress board, atress platform case, three-dimensional force transducer, sensor upper bracket and atress board undersetting, four three-dimensional force transducer symmetries are fixed in the atress platform incasement, and four sensor upper brackets symmetries are fixed in the three-dimensional force transducer up end, and four atress board undersetting symmetries are fixed in the terminal surface under the atress board, the sensor upper bracket nestification is in the atress board undersetting, to its certain guard action of sensor.
The invention also discloses a test method of the novel multi-working-condition drop test device of the landing buffer mechanism, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
after the test device is checked to be normal, the landing attitude of a landing leg in a landing system is adjusted according to the existing 1/4 lander model structure, namely the fixed positions of a left leg chuck and a right leg chuck on an upper vertical support and the moving distances of the upper vertical support and the lower vertical support are determined, the landing attitude is fixed, a load acquisition system is fixed at a proper position, the landing system is lifted to a required preset height through a lifting system, unlocking is realized through an unlocking mechanism, the landing system freely slides downwards along a cylindrical guide rail under the action of gravity, a foot pad on the landing leg is contacted with a three-dimensional force measuring platform to simulate the collision process of the landing device and the ground, and data are recorded;
checking the working state of the test device, and replacing wedges with different angles;
and step three, repeating the step one to continue the test.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the arrangement form of the two cylindrical slide rails can balance the rolling moment generated by the impact force of the landing device and the ground in the drop test by using smaller internal force, and the calculation of the supporting force is simple;
(2) the sliding form of the steel ball retainer similar to a linear ball bearing can reduce the clearance of structural matching, improve the test measurement precision and better simulate 1/4 lander model drop shock conditions;
(3) the vertical supports of the universal sliding supports are all nested in the cross rod and can slide left and right along the cross rod, the lower vertical support is nested in the upper vertical support and can slide up and down, and the structure is adopted to enable the test device to be suitable for the falling test of landing leg types with different structures.
(4) The three-dimensional force measuring platform can rotate around an optical axis through four UCP series spherical surface bearing with seats, and wedge blocks at different angles are utilized to realize multi-working-condition drop test at different angles. Meanwhile, aiming at different landing points of different leg types, the stressed platform can horizontally move to enable the stressed platform to pound to a specified position point.
(5) The unlocking mechanism designed by the invention is composed of a U-shaped heavy-load rail wheel, a high-thrust high-speed electric push rod, an optical axis and a linear bearing, has a simple structure, is convenient to operate, and can realize the functions of stable hovering and quick unlocking.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a left side view of a novel multi-operating-condition drop test device of a landing buffer mechanism;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a novel multi-condition drop test device of a landing buffer mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a lifting system of a novel multi-operating-condition drop test device of a landing buffer mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a novel multi-operating mode drop test device drop system of a landing buffer mechanism;
FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of an unlocking mechanism of a novel multi-operating-condition drop test device of a landing buffer mechanism;
FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a load acquisition system of a novel multi-operating-condition drop test device of a landing buffer mechanism;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a three-dimensional force-measuring platform of a novel multi-operating-condition drop test device of a landing buffer mechanism;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a prior art star table landing gear 1/4 lander model;
the device comprises a rack system, a whole frame, a slide rail fixing seat, a flange plate, a cylindrical guide rail, a disc type polyurethane, a bottom frame, a 112 vertical frame and an inclined triangular support plate, wherein the rack system is 1, the whole frame is 11, the slide rail fixing seat is 12, the flange plate is 13, the cylindrical guide rail is 14, the disc type polyurethane is 15, the bottom frame is 111, the vertical frame is 112, and the inclined triangular support plate is 113; 2-a drop system, 21-1/4 lander model, 22-a universal sliding support, 23-a landing leg chuck, 24-a steel ball retainer, 25-a bearing fixing sleeve, 26-a bearing lantern ring, 27-an unlocking mechanism, 221-a lower cross bar, 222-an upper cross bar, 223-an upper vertical support, 224-a lower vertical support, 225-a middle support, 226-a counterweight plate, 231-an upper leg chuck, 232-a left leg chuck, a right leg chuck, 271-an electric push rod, 272-an electric push rod mounting seat, 273-an optical axis fixing plate, 274-an optical axis connecting rod and 275-an optical axis; 3-lifting system, 31-5005 type screw rod-screw rod nut-coupling-speed regulating motor device, 32-BF supporting seat, 33-BK supporting seat, 34-motor mounting bracket, 35-lifting platform, 36-U type heavy load pulley, 37-guide optical axis, 38-guide optical axis fixing seat, 39-linear ball bearing, 311-5005 type screw rod, 312-screw rod nut, 313-quincunx type coupling and 314-speed regulating motor; 4-a load acquisition system, 41-a ground rail frame, 42-UCP series spherical surface bearing with a seat, 43-a rotating optical axis, 44-a three-dimensional force measuring platform, 45-10 degrees of wedge block, 46-20 degrees of wedge block, 47-30 degrees of wedge block, 441-a stress plate, 442-a stress platform box, 443-a three-dimensional force sensor, 444-a sensor upper support and 445-a stress plate lower support.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and effects of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail by the following examples. It should be noted that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the novel multi-operating-condition drop test device for the landing buffer mechanism of the invention comprises a rack system 1, a drop system 2, a lifting system 3 and a load collecting system 4. The lifting system 3 is fixed on the rack system 1, the falling vibration system 2 is arranged on the rack system 1 and can vertically slide, and the load acquisition system 4 is arranged below the falling vibration system 3 and can rotate and horizontally move.
The rack system 1 comprises an integral frame 11, a slide rail fixing seat 12, a flange 13, a cylindrical guide rail 14 and a disc type polyurethane 15, wherein the integral frame comprises a bottom frame 111, a vertical frame 112 and an inclined triangular support plate 113; the bottom frame 111 is formed by connecting channel steel and is fixedly connected with the ground through a chemical bolt, the vertical frame 112 is also formed by channel steel and is fixed on the bottom frame 111, and the two inclined triangular support plates 113 are symmetrically connected and fixed between the bottom frame 111 and the vertical frame 112; the two cylindrical guide rails 14 are vertically fixed on the bottom frame 111 and the vertical frame 112 through the slide rail fixing seats 12 and the flange 13; two disc type polyurethane 15 are arranged on the flange plate 13 and play a role in protecting the device.
The lifting system 3 comprises a 5005 type screw rod-screw nut-coupling-speed regulating motor device 31, BF and BK supporting seats 32-33, a motor mounting bracket 34, a lifting platform 35, a U-shaped heavy-load pulley 36, a guide optical axis 37, a guide optical axis fixing seat 38 and a linear ball bearing 39, wherein the 5005 type screw rod-screw nut-coupling-speed regulating motor device 31 is fixed on a vertical frame 112 through the BF and BK supporting seats 32-33 and the motor mounting bracket 34, the guide optical axis 37 is fixed on the vertical frame 112 through a guide optical axis fixing seat 38, the two U-shaped heavy-duty pulleys 36 are symmetrically fixed on the lifting platform through welding sheets, the linear ball bearing 39 is fixed on one side of the lifting platform 35, and the lifting platform 35 is fixed with the screw nut 312 and can vertically slide on the screw 311 and the guide optical axis 37 through the screw nut 312 and the linear ball bearing 39.
The 5005 type screw rod-screw rod nut-coupling-speed regulating motor device 31 comprises a 5005 type screw rod 311, a screw rod nut 312, a quincunx coupling 313 and a speed regulating motor 314.
As shown in fig. 4 to 8, the drop system 2 includes 1/4 lander model 21, a general landing leg holder 22, a landing leg chuck 23, a steel ball holder 24, a bearing fixing sleeve 25, a bearing collar 26 and an unlocking mechanism 27, the four steel ball holders 24 are grouped in pairs and respectively connected to the two cylindrical guide rails 14 in a sliding manner, and the steel ball holders 24 are connected to the general landing leg holder 22 through the bearing fixing sleeve 25 and the bearing collar 26; 1/4 lander model 21 has one end of four landing legs hinged on landing leg chuck 23, landing leg chuck 23 including upper and lower leg chucks 231 and left and right leg chucks 232 fixed on general sliding support 22; the unlocking mechanism 27 is fixed below the two lower cross bars 221 of the universal sliding-down support 22.
The universal sliding support 22 comprises a lower cross bar 221, an upper cross bar 222, an upper vertical support 223, a lower vertical support 224, a middle support 225 and a counterweight plate 226, wherein the two lower cross bars 221 and the two upper cross bars 222 are respectively arranged in parallel, and every two of the four middle supports 225 are fixed between the cross bars in parallel; the four upper vertical supports 223 are nested in the upper cross rod 222 and can slide left and right along the upper cross rod 222, the four lower vertical supports 224 are nested in the lower cross rod 221 and can slide left and right along the lower cross rod 221, and the lower vertical supports 224 are nested in the upper vertical supports 223 and can slide up and down, so that the function of the leg drop test device suitable for different leg types is realized; the weight plate 226 is fixed above the two upper crossbars 222.
The unlocking mechanism 27 comprises an electric push rod 271, an electric push rod mounting seat 272, an optical axis fixing plate 273, an optical axis connecting rod 274, linear ball bearings 39 and an optical axis 275, wherein the electric push rod 271 is fixed below the universal sliding support 22 through the electric push rod mounting seat 272, and the four linear ball bearings 39 are symmetrically distributed below the lower cross rod 221 of the universal sliding support 22 in pairs; the optical axis 275 can slide in the linear ball bearing 39 along with the pushing of the electric push rod 271 through the optical axis fixing plate 273 and the optical axis connecting rod 274, so as to be attached to and detached from the U-shaped heavy-load pulley 36, and realize unlocking.
The load acquisition system 4 comprises a ground rail frame 41, UCP series spherical surface bearing blocks 42, a rotating optical axis 43, a three-dimensional force measuring platform 44, a 10-degree wedge block 45, a 20-degree wedge block 46 and a 30-degree wedge block 47, wherein the ground rail frame 41 is arranged on one side of a vertical frame 112, and the four UCP series spherical surface bearing blocks 42 are symmetrically fixed on the ground rail frame 41 and a stress platform box 442; the 10-degree wedge blocks 45, the 20-degree wedge blocks 46 and the 30-degree wedge blocks 47 are arranged between the ground rail frames 41, and the three-dimensional force measuring platform 44 can rotate around the rotating optical axis 43 through the UCP series spherical surface bearing with a seat 42 and is arranged on the 10-degree wedge blocks 45, the 20-degree wedge blocks 46 and the 30-degree wedge blocks 47.
The three-dimensional force measuring platform 44 comprises a force bearing plate 441, a force bearing platform tank 442, three-dimensional force sensors 443, a sensor upper support 444 and a force bearing plate lower support 445, wherein the four three-dimensional force sensors 443 are symmetrically fixed in the force bearing platform tank 442; the four upper sensor supports 444 are symmetrically fixed on the upper end face of the three-dimensional force sensor 443, the four lower stress plate supports 445 are symmetrically fixed on the lower end face of the stress plate 441, and the upper sensor supports 444 are nested in the lower stress plate supports 445 to have a certain protection effect on the sensor.
The invention also adopts the following technical scheme: a test method of a novel multi-working-condition drop test device of a landing buffer mechanism comprises the following steps:
(1) after the test device is checked to be normal, according to the existing 1/4 lander model structure, the landing attitude of landing legs in a landing system is adjusted, namely, the fixed positions of a left leg chuck and a right leg chuck on an upper vertical support and the moving distances of the upper vertical support and the lower vertical support are determined, the landing attitude is fixed, a load acquisition system is fixed at a proper position, the landing system is lifted to a required preset height through a lifting system, unlocking is realized through an unlocking mechanism, the landing system freely slides downwards along a cylindrical guide rail under the action of gravity, foot pads on the landing legs are contacted with a three-dimensional force measuring platform to simulate the collision process of the lander and the ground, and data are recorded.
(2) And checking the working state of the test device, and replacing wedges with different angles.
(3) Repeat step 1 and continue the test.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A novel multi-working-condition drop test device for a landing buffer mechanism is characterized by comprising a rack system (1), a drop system (2), a lifting system (3) and a load acquisition system (4); the rack system (1) is fixed on the load acquisition system (4), the falling vibration system (2) is arranged on the rack system (1), and the falling vibration system (2) can vertically slide along the rack system (1); the load acquisition system (4) is arranged below the falling system (2) and can rotate and horizontally move relative to the falling system (2);
the drop system (2) comprises an 1/4 lander model (21), a universal sliding support (22), a landing leg chuck (23), four steel ball retainers (24), a bearing fixing sleeve (25), a bearing lantern ring (26) and an unlocking mechanism (27);
the steel ball retainer (24) is connected to the universal sliding support (22) through a bearing fixing sleeve (25) and a bearing lantern ring (26); the landing leg chuck (23) is fixed on the side surface of the universal sliding support (22); the unlocking mechanism (27) is fixed below the universal sliding support (22); one ends of four landing legs of the 1/4 lander model (21) are hinged on the landing leg chucks (23);
the universal sliding support (22) comprises a lower cross bar (221), an upper cross bar (222), four upper vertical supports (223), a lower vertical support (224), four middle supports (225) and a counterweight plate (226); the two upper cross bars (222) and the two lower cross bars (221) are respectively arranged in parallel up and down; four middle brackets (225) are respectively fixed between the cross bars in a way that every two of the upper and lower brackets are in a group; the four upper vertical supports (223) are nested in the upper cross rod (222) and can slide left and right along the upper cross rod (222), the four lower vertical supports (224) are nested in the lower cross rod (221) and can slide left and right along the lower cross rod (221), and the lower vertical supports (224) are nested below the upper vertical supports (223) and can slide up and down, so that the function of the drop test of different leg types is realized; the weight plate (226) is fixed above the two upper cross bars (222).
2. The novel multi-working-condition drop test device of the landing buffer mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the rack system (1) comprises an integral frame (11), a slide rail fixing seat (12), a flange plate (13), two cylindrical guide rails (14) and two disc type polyurethane (15); the integral frame (11) comprises a bottom frame (111), a vertical frame (112) and an inclined triangular support plate (113);
the bottom frame (111) is fixed on the ground, the vertical frame (112) is vertically fixed on the bottom frame (111), two ends of the inclined triangular support plate (113) are symmetrically connected and fixed between the bottom frame (111) and the vertical frame (112), and the two cylindrical guide rails (14) are vertically fixed on the vertical frame (112) by utilizing the slide rail fixing seats (12) arranged at the top ends and the flange plates (13) arranged at the bottom ends; the two disc type polyurethane (15) are arranged on the flange plate (13).
3. The novel multi-working-condition drop test device of the landing buffer mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the four steel ball retainers (24) are grouped up and down in pairs and are respectively connected to two cylindrical guide rails (14) of the rack system (1) in a sliding manner;
the landing leg chuck (23) comprises an upper leg chuck (231), a lower leg chuck (231), a left leg chuck (232) and a right leg chuck (232); the upper and lower leg chucks (231) and the left and right leg chucks (232) are fixed on the universal sliding support (22);
the unlocking mechanism (27) comprises an electric push rod (271), an electric push rod mounting seat (272), an optical axis fixing plate (273) and an optical axis connecting rod (274); a linear ball bearing (39), an optical axis (275);
the electric push rod (271) is fixed below the universal sliding support (22) through an electric push rod mounting seat (272), and the four linear ball bearings (39) are symmetrically distributed below a lower cross bar (221) of the universal sliding support (22) in pairs; the two optical axes (275) are connected through an optical axis connecting rod (274), an optical axis fixing plate (273) is arranged on the optical axis connecting rod (274), and the optical axis fixing plate (273) is respectively connected with the electric push rod (271) and the electric push rod mounting seat (272); the optical axis (275) can slide in the linear ball bearing (39) along with the pushing of the electric push rod (271) through the optical axis fixing plate (273) and the optical axis connecting rod (274), so that the U-shaped heavy-load pulley (36) can be attached to and detached from the optical axis fixing plate, and the optical axis can be unlocked.
4. The novel multi-working-condition drop test device of the landing buffer mechanism, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lifting system (3) comprises a 5005 type screw-screw nut-coupler-adjustable-speed motor device (31), a BF supporting seat (32), a BK supporting seat (33), a motor mounting bracket (34), a lifting platform (35), a U-shaped heavy-duty pulley (36), a guide optical axis (37), a guide optical axis fixing seat (38) and a linear ball bearing (39);
the 5005 type screw rod-screw rod nut-coupling-speed regulating motor device (31) is characterized in that the 5005 type screw rod-screw rod nut-coupling-speed regulating motor device (31) is fixed on a vertical frame (112) of the rack system (1) through a BF supporting seat (32) and a BK supporting seat (33) which are arranged at the upper end and the lower end, and a motor mounting bracket (34) at the lower end of the BK supporting seat (33);
the guide optical axis (37) is also fixed on the vertical frame (112) through a guide optical axis fixing seat (38);
the two U-shaped heavy-load pulleys (36) are symmetrically fixed on the lifting platform (35) through welding sheets; the linear ball bearing (39) is fixed on one side of the lifting platform (35).
5. The novel multi-working-condition drop test device of the landing buffer mechanism, according to claim 4, is characterized in that the 5005 type screw-screw nut-coupling-speed regulation motor device (31) comprises a 5005 type screw (311), a screw nut (312), a quincunx coupling (313) and a speed regulation motor (314);
the lifting platform (35) is fixed with the screw nut (312), and the lifting platform (35) vertically slides on the screw rod (311) and the guide optical axis (37) through the screw nut (312) and the linear ball bearing (39);
the quincunx coupling (313) and the speed regulating motor (314) are sequentially connected to the lower end of the BK supporting seat (33).
6. The novel multi-working-condition drop test device of the landing buffer mechanism, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the load acquisition system (4) comprises a ground rail frame (41), UCP series spherical bearings (42) with seats, a rotating optical axis (43), a three-dimensional force measuring platform (44), 10 ° wedges (45), 20 ° wedges (46), and 30 ° wedges (47);
the ground rail frame (41) is arranged on one side of a vertical frame (112) in the rack system (1), and the four UCP series spherical surface bearing with seats (42) are symmetrically fixed on the ground rail frame (41) and the three-dimensional force measuring platform (44); the rotating optical axis (43) is arranged in a through hole of the UCP series spherical surface bearing with a seat (42);
the 10-degree wedge block (45), the 20-degree wedge block (46) and the 30-degree wedge block (47) are sequentially arranged at the rear end of the three-dimensional force measuring platform (44) and are arranged between the ground rail frames (41), and the three-dimensional force measuring platform (44) can rotate around a rotating optical axis (43) through UCP series spherical surface bearing with seats (42) and can move to the 10-degree wedge block (45), the 20-degree wedge block (46) and the 30-degree wedge block (47).
7. The novel multi-working-condition drop test device of the landing buffer mechanism as claimed in claim 6, wherein the three-dimensional force measuring platform (44) comprises a force bearing plate (441), a force bearing platform box (442), four three-dimensional force sensors (443), an upper sensor support (444) and a lower force bearing plate support (445), the four three-dimensional force sensors (443) are symmetrically fixed in the force bearing platform box (442), the four upper sensor supports (444) are symmetrically fixed on the upper end surface of the three-dimensional force sensors (443), the four lower force bearing plate supports (445) are symmetrically fixed on the lower end surface of the force bearing plate (441), and the upper sensor supports (444) are nested in the lower force bearing plate support (445) to protect the sensors.
8. The test method of the novel multi-working-condition drop test device of the landing buffer mechanism as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
after the test device is checked to be normal, the landing attitude of a landing leg in a landing system is adjusted according to the existing 1/4 lander model structure, namely the fixed positions of a left leg chuck and a right leg chuck on a vertical support and the up-and-down movement distance of the vertical support are determined, the landing attitude is fixed, a load acquisition system is fixed at a proper position, the landing system is lifted to a required preset height through a lifting system, unlocking is realized through an unlocking mechanism, the landing system freely slides downwards along a cylindrical guide rail under the action of gravity, a foot pad on the landing leg is contacted with a three-dimensional force measuring platform to simulate the collision process of the landing device and the ground, and data are recorded;
checking the working state of the test device, and replacing wedges with different angles;
and step three, repeating the step one to continue the test.
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| CN113074894B (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2022-03-01 | 上海交通大学 | Landing buffer system drop test device and method |
| CN116929818B (en) * | 2023-09-18 | 2023-12-12 | 中国飞机强度研究所 | Automatic resetting device and method for release lock of ship-based aircraft full-aircraft drop test |
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