CN111458216A - Test bed and test method for simulating impact action at any angle - Google Patents
Test bed and test method for simulating impact action at any angle Download PDFInfo
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- CN111458216A CN111458216A CN202010389484.9A CN202010389484A CN111458216A CN 111458216 A CN111458216 A CN 111458216A CN 202010389484 A CN202010389484 A CN 202010389484A CN 111458216 A CN111458216 A CN 111458216A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/303—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated only by free-falling weight
Abstract
The invention discloses a test bed and a test method for simulating any angle impact effect, and the test bed comprises a steel platform, an oblique steel groove, a supporting beam, a supporting frame and a ladder steel plate, wherein the bottom of the steel platform is fixed on a reinforced concrete foundation through a steel upright post, a fence is arranged on the periphery of the steel platform, an opening is formed in the fence, the upper end of the oblique steel groove is fixed at the bottom of the steel platform at the opening of the fence, a steel groove supporting beam is arranged at the bottom of the oblique steel groove, an inner rail of a aqueduct and an arc-shaped guide groove are arranged in the oblique steel groove, and the upper end of the arc-shaped guide groove is; and a supporting frame with adjustable gradient is arranged at the bottom end close to the oblique steel tank, and a stress strain sensor, an acceleration sensor and a displacement sensor which are electrically connected with the dynamic high-frequency acquisition system are arranged on the supporting frame. The invention simulates the load test of various protection structure systems under the action of different slopes and different impact power loads, the size and the direction of the load are convenient to control, the loading is flexible, and the loading requirements of different slopes can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of debris flow protection engineering, and particularly relates to a test bed and a test method for simulating an impact effect at any angle.
Background
The impact test bed is used for simulating the capability of the product needing to bear impact damage in practical use in a laboratory so as to evaluate the impact resistance of the product structure, and the structural strength of the product is optimized through test data. Various possible impact damages including debris flow impact, automobile guard rail impact and impact which may occur in the use process of various wallboards are simulated in a laboratory test mode, so that the impact resistance of the product is correctly evaluated, and the use reliability of the product can be effectively improved. During the impact process, the force between the objects increases suddenly and then disappears rapidly, which is also called impact force. The impact force is characterized by extremely short acting time which is often only hundredths of seconds or even thousandths of seconds, and the momentum changes greatly in the extremely short time, so the impact force is very large.
At present, the impact test of domestic adoption is mostly the drop hammer test, to different slopes, the condition of different impact force effects, the drop hammer test can not effectively carry out the impact test simulation, lack at present and be used for simulating different slopes, the experimental facilities of different impact forces, there is the research to provide a device for mud-rock flow impact test, directly adopt mud-rock flow slurry feedway, mud-rock flow solid phase granule feedway and a plurality of guide plate, although this experimental apparatus can simulate the motion process of mud-rock flow directly perceivedly, but the difficult regulation size of impact force in the testing process, can't effectively simulate different slopes, the impact damage condition to protection engineering production under the impact effect that probably takes place such as different impact forces, in addition, the device's structure is comparatively complicated, it is inconvenient to strike the loading in the experimental operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings in the background art, the present invention provides a test bed and a test method for simulating an impact effect at any angle, which aims to solve the problems of the prior art in the above-mentioned background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a test bed for simulating the impact effect of any angle comprises a steel platform, an oblique steel groove, a supporting beam, a supporting frame and a ladder stand steel plate, wherein the bottom of the steel platform is fixed on a reinforced concrete foundation through a steel upright post, the ladder stand steel plate is arranged on one side of the steel platform, a fence is arranged on the periphery of the steel platform, an opening is formed in the fence on the other side of the steel platform, the upper end of the oblique steel groove is fixed at the bottom of the steel platform at the opening of the fence, a steel groove supporting beam is obliquely arranged at the bottom of the oblique steel groove, an inner aqueduct rail is arranged in the oblique steel groove along the length direction of the oblique steel groove, an arc-shaped guide groove is arranged on the inner aqueduct rail, and the upper end of the arc-shaped guide groove; and a supporting frame with adjustable gradient is arranged at the bottom end close to the oblique steel groove, a stress strain sensor, an acceleration sensor and a displacement sensor are arranged on the supporting frame, and the stress strain sensor, the acceleration sensor and the displacement sensor are all electrically connected with a dynamic high-frequency acquisition system.
Preferably, the supporting frame comprises a supporting seat, a stress plate and supporting rods, the supporting rods are arranged on two sides of the stress plate respectively, the bottoms of the stress plate and the supporting rods are rotatably connected to the supporting seat respectively, a plurality of fixing holes are formed in two side plates of the stress plate along the length direction of the stress plate, and the upper ends of the supporting rods are fixed to the fixing holes in the two side plates of the stress plate through bolts.
Preferably, protective nets are arranged on two sides of the support frame.
Preferably, a high-speed camera is arranged on the supporting frame, and the high-speed camera is electrically connected with the dynamic high-frequency acquisition system.
Preferably, stiffening plates are arranged on two outer sides of the oblique steel groove.
Preferably, a plurality of steel upright columns are arranged at the bottom of the steel platform, and steel cross beams are arranged between the steel upright columns.
Preferably, the bottom of the steel groove supporting beam is provided with a steel upright post.
Preferably, corner upright columns are arranged at four corners on the steel platform.
Preferably, the upper end and the steel platform fixed connection of cat ladder steel sheet, the bottom of cat ladder steel sheet is connected with the cat ladder platform.
The invention further provides a test method for simulating the impact effect at any angle, which comprises the following steps:
(1) adjusting the inclination angle of the arc-shaped guide groove according to the requirement of a simulation test, rotating the upper end of the arc-shaped guide groove for a certain angle around the hinged support, and then hanging and fixing the lower end of the arc-shaped guide groove;
(2) adjusting the gradient of the supporting frame according to the simulation test requirement;
(3) and selecting a steel ball with a specific specification to be placed on the steel platform, enabling the steel ball to roll down along the arc-shaped guide groove, and acquiring and analyzing data of the stress strain sensor, the acceleration sensor and the displacement sensor through a dynamic high-frequency acquisition system.
Compared with the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention mainly aims at providing a simulation test bed and a test method which can generate larger impact force to the protection project under various possible impact actions, and particularly aims at the conditions of different gradients and different impact force actions, and adopts steel balls with different specifications to roll to apply equivalent impact power loads to carry out load tests on various protection structure systems. The principle of potential energy and kinetic energy conversion is utilized, the oblique steel groove is arranged, the basic principle of kinematics is adopted to realize the simulation of oblique impact load, the application of dynamic load is formed through the dynamic process, and the experimental physical significance is clear. The method applies equivalent impact power load by adopting the steel ball rolling equivalent debris flow impact method with different specifications, carries out load test on various protection structure systems, forms impact power by the movement of the steel balls with different masses, realizes the linear movement impact force of the steel balls and is convenient to control the size and the direction of the load. The slope of impact force can be adjusted through built-in arc guide slot according to experimental requirements, the built-in arc guide slot is connected and is adopted the fixed hinge support of one end, and the mode of hanging is set up to the other end, can realize nimble loading, satisfies different slope loading requirements. The supporting frame for bearing load can adjust the gradient and can realize the impact force with different gradient requirements by matching with the arc-shaped guide groove. The test device has the advantages of clear physical significance, simple principle, relatively convenient operation of the experimental process and flexible loading.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of a test bed for simulating an impact effect at any angle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of a test bed for simulating an impact effect at any angle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of an oblique steel channel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the oblique steel trough, the inner rail of the aqueduct and the arc-shaped guide slot provided by the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1-a steel platform; 2-oblique steel groove; 3-an inner rail of the aqueduct; 4-arc guide groove; 5-steel trough support beam; 6-a support frame; 61-a support base; 62-a stress plate; 63-support bars; 7-ladder climbing steel plate; 8-ladder climbing platform; 9-a stiffening plate; 10-a reinforced concrete foundation; 11-steel upright posts; 12-a steel beam; 13-corner upright posts; 14-fence.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a test bed for simulating any angle impact effect comprises a steel platform 1, an oblique steel groove 2, a supporting beam 5, a supporting frame 6 and a ladder stand steel plate 7, wherein a plurality of steel upright columns 11 are arranged at the bottom of the steel platform 1, the bottoms of the steel upright columns 11 are fixed on a reinforced concrete foundation 10, and steel cross beams 12 are arranged between the steel upright columns 11. The periphery of the steel platform 1 is provided with a fence 14, and the four corners of the steel platform 1 are provided with corner upright posts 13, so that the enclosure strength of the fence 14 is improved. The opening is arranged on the fence 14 on one side of the steel platform 1, the upper end of the oblique steel groove 2 is fixed at the bottom of the steel platform 1 at the opening of the fence 14, the steel groove supporting beam 5 is obliquely arranged at the bottom of the oblique steel groove 2, the steel upright post 11 is arranged at the bottom of the steel groove supporting beam 5, and the supporting force of the steel groove supporting beam 5 is increased in an auxiliary mode. The opposite side of steel platform 1 sets up cat ladder steel sheet 7, cat ladder steel sheet 7's upper end and steel platform 1 fixed connection, and cat ladder steel sheet 7's bottom is connected with cat ladder platform 8, and cat ladder steel sheet 7 is used for placing the test steel ball on to steel platform 1.
In order to increase the strength of the oblique steel groove 2, stiffening plates 9 are arranged on two outer sides of the oblique steel groove 2. An aqueduct inner track 3 is arranged in the oblique steel groove 2 along the length direction of the oblique steel groove 2, an arc-shaped guide groove 4 (refer to fig. 4) is arranged on the aqueduct inner track 3, and the upper end of the arc-shaped guide groove 4 is rotatably connected with the upper end of the oblique steel groove 2 through a hinged support; and a supporting frame 6 with adjustable gradient (namely a protective structure system for simulating bearing impact force) is arranged at the bottom end close to the oblique steel tank 2, and protective nets are arranged on two sides of the supporting frame 6 to ensure test safety protection. The specific structure of the supporting frame 6 refers to fig. 2, and the supporting frame comprises a supporting seat 61, a stress plate 62 and supporting rods 63, wherein the supporting rods 63 are respectively arranged on two sides of the stress plate 62, the bottoms of the stress plate 62 and the supporting rods 63 are respectively rotatably connected to the supporting seat 61, a plurality of fixing holes are formed in two side plates of the stress plate 62 along the length direction of the stress plate 62, and the upper ends of the supporting rods 63 are fixed to the fixing holes in the two side plates of the stress plate 62 through bolts.
A plurality of stress strain sensors, acceleration sensors and displacement sensors are arranged on the supporting frame 6, and the stress strain sensors, the acceleration sensors and the displacement sensors are all electrically connected with the dynamic high-frequency acquisition system. The supporting frame 6 is also provided with a high-speed camera which is electrically connected with the dynamic high-frequency acquisition system. Impact force data borne by the support frame 6 (a protection structure system) is collected and analyzed through the collection system and the sensors, and the damage degree to the protection engineering under the action of different slopes and different impact forces is determined.
The test method of the test bed for simulating the impact action at any angle comprises the following steps:
(1) and adjusting the inclination angle of the arc-shaped guide groove 4 according to the requirement of a simulation test, wherein the specific adjustment method comprises the steps of rotating the upper end of the arc-shaped guide groove 4 for a certain angle around a hinged support, and then hanging and fixing the lower end of the arc-shaped guide groove 4.
(2) Adjusting the gradient of the supporting frame 6 according to the simulation test requirement; in particular to the adjustment of the gradient of the stress plate 62 by fixing the upper end of the adjusting support bar 63 in fixing holes at different heights on the stress plate 62.
(3) And selecting a steel ball with a specific specification to be placed on the steel platform 1, enabling the steel ball to roll down along the arc-shaped guide groove 4, and acquiring and analyzing data of the stress strain sensor, the acceleration sensor and the displacement sensor through a dynamic high-frequency acquisition system.
The loading of different slopes can be realized by changing the inclination angle of the arc-shaped guide groove 4 and the slope of the supporting frame 6, different impact power loads can be equivalently applied by rolling steel balls with different specifications, and simulation tests of different impact power loads and different impact force loading slopes can be realized on various protection structure systems. Based on the basic principle of converting potential energy into kinetic energy, the invention applies equivalent impact power load by rolling steel balls with different specifications to carry out load test on various protection structure systems. In the test, necessary stress strain sensors, acceleration sensors and displacement sensors are arranged on a protection system model to be carried out, and a corresponding dynamic high-frequency acquisition system is adopted to complete the acquisition and analysis of experimental data. The test device has the advantages of definite physical significance, simple principle and relatively convenient operation in the experimental process.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A test bed for simulating the impact effect of any angle is characterized by comprising a steel platform, an oblique steel groove, a supporting beam, a supporting frame and a ladder stand steel plate, wherein the bottom of the steel platform is fixed on a reinforced concrete foundation through a steel upright post, one side of the steel platform is provided with the ladder stand steel plate, a fence is arranged on the periphery of the steel platform, the fence on the other side of the steel platform is provided with an opening, the upper end of the oblique steel groove is fixed at the bottom of the steel platform at the opening of the fence, the bottom of the oblique steel groove is obliquely provided with a steel groove supporting beam, an inner aqueduct rail is arranged in the oblique steel groove along the length direction of the oblique steel groove, an arc-shaped guide groove is arranged on the inner aqueduct rail, and the upper end of the arc-shaped guide groove is; and a supporting frame with adjustable gradient is arranged at the bottom end close to the oblique steel groove, a stress strain sensor, an acceleration sensor and a displacement sensor are arranged on the supporting frame, and the stress strain sensor, the acceleration sensor and the displacement sensor are all electrically connected with a dynamic high-frequency acquisition system.
2. The test bed for simulating the impact action at any angle according to claim 1, wherein the supporting frame comprises a supporting seat, a stress plate and supporting rods, the supporting rods are respectively arranged at two sides of the stress plate, the bottoms of the stress plate and the supporting rods are respectively and rotatably connected to the supporting seat, a plurality of fixing holes are formed in two side plates of the stress plate along the length direction of the stress plate, and the upper ends of the supporting rods are fixed on the fixing holes in the two side plates of the stress plate through bolts.
3. A test bench for simulating random angle impact according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that protective nets are arranged on both sides of the support frame.
4. A test bed for simulating the impact action at any angle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a high-speed camera is arranged on the support frame, and the high-speed camera is electrically connected with the dynamic high-frequency acquisition system.
5. A test bench for simulating arbitrary angle impact according to claim 1, wherein stiffening plates are disposed at both outer sides of the oblique steel grooves.
6. The test bed for simulating the impact action at any angle according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of steel columns are arranged at the bottom of the steel platform, and steel beams are arranged between the steel columns.
7. A test rig for simulating the action of impacts at any angle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom of the steel channel supporting beam is provided with steel studs.
8. The test bed for simulating the impact action at any angle as claimed in claim 1, wherein corner columns are arranged at four corners on the steel platform.
9. The test bed for simulating the impact action at any angle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper end of the ladder climbing steel plate is fixedly connected with the steel platform, and the bottom end of the ladder climbing steel plate is connected with the ladder climbing platform.
10. A method of testing a test rig for simulating the action of impacts of any angle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) adjusting the inclination angle of the arc-shaped guide groove according to the requirement of a simulation test, rotating the upper end of the arc-shaped guide groove for a certain angle around the hinged support, and then hanging and fixing the lower end of the arc-shaped guide groove;
(2) adjusting the gradient of the supporting frame according to the simulation test requirement;
(3) and selecting a steel ball with a specific specification to be placed on the steel platform, enabling the steel ball to roll down along the arc-shaped guide groove, and acquiring and analyzing data of the stress strain sensor, the acceleration sensor and the displacement sensor through a dynamic high-frequency acquisition system.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112924129A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-06-08 | 中铁西北科学研究院有限公司 | Multi-dimensional large-scale simulation test equipment for impact response of high-order dangerous rock protective structure |
| CN115452045A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-12-09 | 重庆科技学院 | System and method for testing cushion layer rolling effect in sliding mass motion process |
| CN116087078A (en) * | 2023-01-05 | 2023-05-09 | 扬州大学 | Soil wind erosion indoor test simulation device |
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| CN116087078A (en) * | 2023-01-05 | 2023-05-09 | 扬州大学 | Soil wind erosion indoor test simulation device |
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