CN111732452B - Far infrared ceramic tile and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Far infrared ceramic tile and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN111732452B
CN111732452B CN202010849627.XA CN202010849627A CN111732452B CN 111732452 B CN111732452 B CN 111732452B CN 202010849627 A CN202010849627 A CN 202010849627A CN 111732452 B CN111732452 B CN 111732452B
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far infrared
glaze
green brick
ceramic tile
dry particles
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CN111732452A (en
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刘一军
潘利敏
吴洋
汪庆刚
杨元东
黄玲艳
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Monalisa Group Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
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    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
    • C04B2235/602—Making the green bodies or pre-forms by moulding
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
    • C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes

Abstract

The invention discloses a far infrared ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: step (1): forming a green brick with a concave-convex effect on the surface, wherein equidistant bulges are uniformly distributed on the surface of the green brick, and the distance between the bulges is an integral multiple of the wavelength of far infrared light waves; step (2): applying surface glaze on the surface of the green brick and carrying out ink-jet printing on patterns; and (3): applying protective glaze on the surface of the green brick after the pattern is printed by ink jet; and (4): and applying far infrared dry particles on the surface of the green brick after the protective glaze is applied, and finally sintering to obtain the far infrared ceramic tile. The preparation method can avoid the glaze layer covering the far infrared material, increase the emission area and improve the emissivity.

Description

Far infrared ceramic tile and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of architectural ceramics, and particularly relates to a far infrared ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Microscopic kinetics indicate that above absolute zero, molecules always move endlessly, and the vibration, rotation and lattice vibration of the molecules cause dipole moments to change to generate far infrared rays. When far infrared rays with a certain frequency irradiate the surface of an object, if the frequency of a receptor is the same as that of the infrared rays, the infrared rays are absorbed by the receptor to generate a thermal effect. The wavelength range of the human body is 8-15 microns, so when the irradiated light waves are 8-15 microns (far infrared wave band), far infrared rays can resonate with the human body, metabolism is enhanced, and a health care effect is achieved.
The far infrared health care effect enables the far infrared material to be widely applied to the aspects of fabrics, medical health care and the like. In cold winter, the far infrared fabric is beneficial to enhancing the metabolism of the human body and plays a role in keeping warm. In the field of medical care, the far infrared lamp is used for irradiating the wound of a patient to accelerate the healing of the wound. The building ceramic tile is a necessary material in home decoration, and human beings move indoors most of the time, so that the far infrared function of the ceramic tile can play a role in human body health care to a certain extent. At present, building ceramic tiles with far infrared functions are already on the market. Chinese patent CN108752056A discloses a method for preparing far infrared ceramic tiles, which is to add far infrared materials into overglaze to prepare ceramic tiles with far infrared emission function. Chinese patent CN108706882A discloses the use of far infrared material as the ceramic ground coat to prepare a ceramic tile with far infrared function. At present, most of documents or patents use far infrared materials in overglaze or ground glaze, but the wavelength of far infrared light waves reaches 8-15 μm, and the longer the wavelength of the light waves, the lower the penetrating power is, so that the far infrared materials added into the ground glaze or the overglaze are easily covered by a glaze layer, the far infrared emissivity is rapidly attenuated, and the far infrared effect of the ceramic tile is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the far infrared emissivity of the far infrared ceramic tile is greatly attenuated due to the covering of the glaze layer, or the far infrared emissivity is poor due to the fact that most of far infrared light waves are easily absorbed by the ceramic, the invention provides the far infrared ceramic tile and the preparation method thereof, which can prevent the glaze layer from covering far infrared materials, increase the emission area and improve the emissivity.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of a far infrared ceramic tile, which comprises the following steps:
step (1): forming a green brick with a concave-convex effect on the surface, wherein equidistant bulges are uniformly distributed on the surface of the green brick, and the distance between the bulges is an integral multiple of the wavelength of far infrared light waves;
step (2): applying surface glaze on the surface of the green brick and carrying out ink-jet printing on patterns;
and (3): applying protective glaze on the surface of the green brick after the pattern is printed by ink jet;
and (4): and applying far infrared dry particles on the surface of the green brick after the protective glaze is applied, and finally sintering to obtain the far infrared ceramic tile.
Preferably, the chemical composition of the far infrared dry particles comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：43～52%、Al2O3：12～14%、Fe2O3：0.05～0.19%、CaO：2.5～6%、MgO：9～15%、K2O：2.5～5%、Na2O：0.5～1.2%、BaO：1～3%、ZnO：2～5%。
Preferably, the raw material composition of the far infrared dry particles comprises: by mass, 25-35% of potash feldspar, 2-5% of zinc oxide, 2-5% of barium carbonate, 3-5% of calcined talc, 8-10% of kaolin, 12-20% of far infrared powder and 25-35% of glass frit; preferably, the chemical composition of the glass frit comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：45～50%、Al2O3：9～13%、Fe2O3：0.08～0.18%、CaO：6～10%、MgO：3～8%、K2O：2～5%、Na2O：2～4%、BaO： 5～15%、ZnO：3～7%。
Preferably, the far infrared powder is a magnesium ion-substituted cordierite material doped with aliovalent ions, and the chemical general formula of the far infrared powder is Mg2（1-x）L2xAl4Si5O（18+x）Wherein, L is at least one of the elements of yttrium and lanthanum, and x is more than or equal to 0.05 and less than or equal to 0.2.
Preferably, the chemical composition of the overglaze comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：50～57%、Al2O3：20～25%、Fe2O3：0.1～0.3%、CaO：0.1～0.5%、MgO：0.1～0.3%、K2O：3～6%、Na2O：2～5%、ZrO2: 6-9% and loss on ignition: 2-4%; preferably, the overglaze is applied in a glaze spraying mode, and the specific gravity of the overglaze is 1.4-1.5 g/cm3The application amount is 550 to 650g/m2。
Preferably, the protection isThe chemical composition of the glaze comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：40～45%、Al2O3：13～18%、Fe2O3：0.05～0.15%、CaO：4～8%、MgO：3～6%、K2O：1.5～5%、Na2O: 1-3%, BaO: 5-15%, ZnO: 3-5% of loss on ignition and 2-5% of loss on ignition; preferably, the application mode of the protective glaze is glaze spraying, and the specific gravity of the protective glaze is 1.3-1.35 g/cm3The application amount is 200 to 250g/m2。
Preferably, the application amount of the far infrared dry particles is 250-300 g/m2。
Preferably, the particles of the far infrared dry particles are 60-100 meshes.
Preferably, the pattern is inkjet printed using black ink in step (2) to form a black page.
Preferably, the maximum firing temperature of the firing is 1180-1230 ℃, and the firing period is 60-70 min.
In a second aspect, the invention further provides the far infrared ceramic tile obtained by the preparation method. The far infrared emissivity of the far infrared ceramic tile is above 0.9.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. by applying the far infrared dry particles on the surface of the ceramic tile with the concave-convex effect, on one hand, the specific surface area of the surface of the ceramic tile can be increased, and on the other hand, the shielding of obstacles such as a glaze layer on a far infrared emission material can be reduced, so that the effect of improving the far infrared emissivity is achieved;
2. through the reasonable interval between the arch that sets up the adobe surface for interval between the arch is the integral multiple of far infrared light wave (8 ~ 15 mu m) wavelength, is favorable to the crest and the trough stack of far infrared light wave, thereby makes the amplitude of far infrared light wave enlarge in order to strengthen far infrared transmitting power.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the shape of press dies of examples 1 to 3 of the present invention and comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are to be understood as merely illustrative of, and not restrictive on, the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, each percentage means a mass percentage.
At present, far infrared materials are mostly used for ground coat or overglaze of ceramic tiles. However, the wavelength of far infrared light waves is longer, and the covering of the glaze layer attenuates far infrared rays so as to reduce the emission effect. In addition, when the far infrared material is added into the overglaze or the ground glaze, the far infrared material is usually positioned on the same plane, the emission range is perpendicular to the plane within 0-180 degrees, most of far infrared light waves are absorbed by the ceramic, and therefore the far infrared emissivity is greatly reduced.
The invention provides a novel preparation method of a far infrared ceramic tile aiming at the problems. The method for producing the far infrared ceramic tile of the present invention is described below by way of example.
And forming a green brick with a concave-convex effect on the surface. The preparation can be carried out using a concave-convex mold. For example, the green body powder is placed in a concave-convex mould and subjected to compression molding to obtain a green brick with a concave-convex effect on the surface. The blank powder is conventional ceramic tile powder. In some embodiments, the raw material composition of the green body powder comprises, in mass percent, SiO2：62～67%、Al2O3：18～22%、Fe2O3：0.8～1.2%、CaO：0.3～0.5%、MgO：0.4～0.6%、K2O：2.5～3.5%、Na2O: 1.5-2.5% and 3-5% loss on ignition.
The surface of the green brick with the concave-convex effect is distributed with bulges and pits. The size, depth, and shape of the protrusions and depressions are not limited. For example, the shape of the protrusions includes, but is not limited to, jagged, rectangular, wavy, and the like. The concave-convex surface of the green brick is utilized, so that the specific surface area of emission can be enhanced on one hand, and the protrusions are distributed equidistantly on the other hand, so that the far infrared light waves with the same frequency are resonated, and the resonant strength is enhanced.
Particularly, the distance between every two bulges on the surface of the green brick is N times of the far infrared wavelength. The effect is preferable when the distance between the protrusions is an integral multiple of the wavelength (8-15 μm) of far infrared. Further, the far infrared with relatively long wavelength is easy to attenuate during the process of propagation, so the distance between adjacent (nearest) protrusions is not too long, and is preferably controlled within 1 mm. The resonance effect is then optimal. Preferably, 50 ≦ N ≦ 60.
And drying the green brick. The drying temperature can be 120-150 ℃, and the drying time can be 60-120 min. The moisture content of the dried green brick is controlled within 0.3 wt%.
And applying a surface glaze on the surface of the dried green brick to facilitate the color development of the ink. In some embodiments, the chemical composition of the overglaze may include: by mass percent, SiO2：50～57%、Al2O3：20～25%、Fe2O3：0.1～0.3%、CaO：0.1～0.5%、MgO：0.1～0.3%、K2O：3～6%、Na2O：2～5%、ZrO2: 6-9% and loss on ignition: 2-4%.
The overglaze may be applied by spraying glaze. For example, the specific gravity of the overglaze can be 1.4-1.5 g/cm3The application amount is 550 to 650g/m2。
And (4) carrying out ink-jet printing on the surface of the green brick after the overglaze is applied. The pattern and color of the ink-jet printing are adaptively changed according to the design effect. Particularly, when the ceramic tile is a black tile, the emissivity is high, and the pigment of the black ink is spinel transition metal oxide mostly, so that the black ink has good absorption to light waves and strong emission. According to the technical scheme, when the pure black plate surface is formed by using black ink through ink-jet printing, the far infrared emissivity of the ceramic tile can reach 0.95.
And applying protective glaze on the surface of the green brick after the pattern is printed by ink jet. In some embodiments, the chemical composition of the protective glaze may include: by mass percent, SiO2：40～45%、Al2O3：13～18%、Fe2O3：0.05～0.15%、CaO：4～8%、MgO：3～6%、K2O：1.5～5%、Na2O: 1-3%, BaO: 5-15%, ZnO: 3-5% and 2-5% loss on ignition.
Application of the protective glazeThe manner may be glaze spraying. It should be noted that the glaze pouring is not suitable for the green brick with the concave-convex surface effect, because the glaze pouring can enter the pit preferentially to fill the pit. For example, the specific gravity of the protective glaze can be 1.3-1.35 g/cm3The application amount is 200 to 250g/m2。
Preparing far infrared dry granules. In some embodiments, the chemical composition of the far infrared dry particles may include: by mass percent, SiO2：43～52%、Al2O3：12～14%、Fe2O3：0.05～0.19%、CaO：2.5～6%、MgO：9～15%、K2O：2.5～5%、Na2O：0.5～1.2%、BaO：1～3%、ZnO：2～5%。
The initial melting temperature of the far infrared dry particles is 1100-1250 ℃. Preferably, the melting temperature of the far infrared dry particles is 30-50 ℃ higher than that of the protective glaze. Thus, the far infrared dry particles can be ensured not to be melted down in the sintering process and can be ensured to exist on the surface of the protective glaze in the form of particles.
As an example, the raw material composition of the far infrared dry particles may include: the high-temperature-resistant glass frit comprises, by mass, 25-35% of potassium feldspar, 2-5% of zinc oxide, 2-5% of barium carbonate, 3-5% of calcined talc, 8-10% of kaolin, 12-20% of far infrared powder and 25-35% of glass frit. When the mass ratio of the far infrared powder is lower than 12%, the far infrared emissivity is poor; however, when the mass ratio of the far infrared powder is higher than 20%, the brick surface is too rough due to the special composition of the far infrared powder used in the present invention, so that an additional polishing process is required to improve the hand feeling of the brick surface.
In the formula of the far infrared dry particles, the used far infrared powder has a chemical general formula of Mg2（1-x）L2xAl4Si5O（x+18）The isovalent ion doped cordierite material is characterized in that L is yttrium and/or lanthanum which replaces magnesium ions, and the replacement amount is 5-20%, namely x is more than or equal to 0.05 and less than or equal to 0.2. By adding cordierite (chemical composition is Mg)2Al4Si5O18) The isovalent oxide is added to replace magnesium ions to obtain the isovalent ion doped cordierite material. The aliovalent oxide may be, for example, yttrium oxide and/or lanthanum oxide. WhereinThe valence of the magnesium ion is different from the valence of the magnesium ion. The far infrared powder is formed by doping heterovalent ions in cordierite, and substituting ions with variable valence and large ionic radius for magnesium ions to generate lattice distortion so as to emit far infrared rays and obtain strong far infrared emissivity. The defect that when the tourmaline mineral is used for generating infrared rays, the tourmaline mineral is easily decomposed at high temperature so as to reduce the far infrared emission effect is overcome. The isovalent ion doped cordierite material used in the invention can exist in a stable crystal form at high temperature due to good solid solution formation, and simultaneously, the excellent far infrared emission effect is ensured.
As an example, the preparation method of the far infrared dry granules of the invention can be as follows: melting the raw materials except the far infrared powder, adding the far infrared powder, quenching, crushing and sieving to form far infrared dry granules. The particles of the far infrared dry particles can be 60-100 meshes.
In particular, a high-refractive-index substance can be added into the far infrared dry particles, so that a glittering decorative effect can be formed on the green brick with the concave-convex effect on the surface. For example, the high refractive index material may be cerium oxide, tin oxide, zirconium silicate, or the like.
And applying far infrared dry particles on the surface of the green brick after the protective glaze is applied. For example, the far infrared dry particles and the stamp-pad ink are mixed in a mass ratio of 1.5: 1-2: 1, uniformly mixing, and fixing the mixture on the surface of a green brick by using a spray gun. The mass ratio of the far infrared dry particles to the stamp-pad ink is controlled in the range, so that the far infrared effect can be ensured, and the blockage of a spray gun due to precipitation caused by excessive use of the far infrared dry particles can be avoided. The application amount of the far infrared dry particles can be 250-300 g/m2。
And then drying and sintering the green brick to obtain the ceramic brick with far infrared emission performance. The drying temperature can be 120-150 ℃, and the drying time can be 60-120 min. The highest firing temperature of the firing is 1180-1230 ℃, and the firing period is 60-70 min. And after the firing is finished, drawing the kiln and edging the edge.
It should be noted that there are many schemes for forming ceramic tiles with a concavo-convex effect on the surface, and any scheme capable of forming ceramic tiles with a concavo-convex effect on the surface is within the scope of the present invention. Among them, the mold using the concave-convex effect is the best embodiment.
The present invention will be described in detail by way of examples. It is also to be understood that the following examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and that certain insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention by those skilled in the art may be made in light of the above teachings. The specific process parameters and the like of the following examples are also only one example of suitable ranges, i.e., those skilled in the art can select the appropriate ranges through the description herein, and are not limited to the specific values exemplified below.
Since the ceramic industry has no relevant test standard of far infrared, the far infrared emissivity in the following examples is detected by referring to the standard GBT30127-2013 of the textile industry.
Example 1
1. Pressing and molding the green body powder by using a concave-convex effect mold to obtain a green brick; the shape of the die is shown in figure 1 (A), wherein the distance between the bulges is integral multiple of the wavelength of far infrared light waves, and the distance between the adjacent bulges is controlled within 1 mm;
2. drying the green brick at 135 deg.C for 90 min;
3. spraying surface glaze on the surface of the green brick; the overglaze comprises the following chemical components: by mass percent, SiO2：55%、Al2O3：23%、Fe2O3：0.3%、CaO：0.5%、MgO：0.2%、K2O：4%、Na2O：4%、ZrO2: 9% and loss of heat of 4%. The specific gravity of the overglaze is 1.45g/cm3The application amount is 600g/m2；
4. Printing patterns on the surface of the green brick sprayed with the overglaze in an ink-jet manner;
5. spraying protective glaze on the surface of the green brick after the pattern is printed by ink jet; the chemical composition of the protective glaze comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：43%、Al2O3：17%、Fe2O3：0.15%、CaO：8%、MgO：3%、K2O：4.85%、Na2O：1.3%, BaO: 15%, ZnO: 3 percent and 3.8 percent loss on ignition; the specific gravity of the protective glaze is 1.35g/cm3The application amount is 250g/m2；
6. Preparing far infrared dry granules according to a formula; the raw materials of the far infrared dry particles comprise: 32% of potassium feldspar, 3% of zinc oxide, 3% of barium carbonate, 5% of calcined talc, 9% of kaolin, 18% of far infrared powder and 30% of glass frit by mass percentage; the chemical composition of the glass frit comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：45～50%、Al2O3：9～13%、Fe2O3：0.08～0.18%、CaO：6～10%、MgO：3～8%、K2O：2～5%、Na2O: 2-4%, BaO: 5-15%, ZnO: 3-7%; the mesh number of the far infrared dry particles is 100 meshes;
7. far infrared dry particles are applied on the surface of the green brick sprayed with the protective glaze; the chemical composition of the far infrared dry particles comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：43～52%、Al2O3：12～14%、Fe2O3：0.05～0.19%、CaO：2.5～6%、MgO：9～15%、K2O：2.5～5%、Na2O：0.5～1.2%、BaO：1～3%、ZnO：2～5%；
8. Drying the green brick subjected to far infrared dry granulation at 150 ℃ for 60 min;
9. and (3) firing the green brick at the maximum firing temperature of 1180-1230 ℃ for 60-70 min, and taking out of the kiln and edging to obtain the far infrared ceramic tile.
Example 2
Essentially the same as example 1, except that: the shape of the die is (B) in figure 1, wherein the distance between the bulges is integral multiple of the wavelength of far infrared light waves, and the distance between the adjacent bulges is controlled within 1 mm.
Example 3
Essentially the same as example 1, except that: the shape of the die is (C) in fig. 1, wherein the distance between the protrusions is integral multiple of the wavelength of far infrared light wave, and the distance between adjacent protrusions is controlled within 1 mm.
Comparative example 1
Essentially the same as example 1, except that: the shape of the mold is shown in fig. 1 (D), that is, the mold without the concavo-convex effect is used, and the surface of the obtained green brick is flat.
Table 1 table of far infrared emissivity test results
Figure 450523DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
As can be seen from Table 1, the far infrared emissivity of the far infrared ceramic tiles obtained in examples 1-3 is above 0.9, which is significantly better than that of the ceramic tiles without any far infrared treatment (usually, the emissivity is about 0.85). According to the invention, the far infrared dry particles are applied to the surface of the brick blank with the concave-convex effect, so that on one hand, the specific surface area of the surface of the ceramic brick is enhanced, and the emission area is increased, on the other hand, the far infrared dry particles exist on the concave-convex surface of the ceramic brick in the form of particles, so that the far infrared material is prevented from being shielded by the glaze surface in the form of being used in the glaze layer, and the effect of improving the emissivity is achieved. Meanwhile, part of the far infrared dry particles can be present in the concave pits, so that the possibility that the far infrared dry particles are abraded is reduced. In addition, as the ceramic tile adopts the same type of far infrared dry particles, the frequency of emitted light is the same, and therefore, through reasonably controlling the distance between the bulges, particularly when the distance between the bulges is set to be integral multiple of the wavelength of far infrared, resonance can be effectively generated, and the emission intensity is improved.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a far infrared ceramic tile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1): forming a green brick with a concave-convex effect on the surface, wherein equidistant bulges are uniformly distributed on the surface of the green brick, the distance between every two bulges is an integral multiple of the wavelength of far infrared light waves of 8-15 mu m, and the distance between every two adjacent bulges is controlled within 1 mm;
step (2): applying surface glaze on the surface of the green brick and carrying out ink-jet printing on patterns;
and (3): applying protective glaze on the surface of the green brick after the pattern is printed by ink jet;
and (4): applying far infrared dry particles on the surface of the green brick after the protective glaze is applied and sintering to obtain a far infrared ceramic tile;
the raw materials of the far infrared dry particles comprise: by mass, 25-35% of potash feldspar, 2-5% of zinc oxide, 2-5% of barium carbonate, 3-5% of calcined talc, 8-10% of kaolin, 12-20% of far infrared powder and 25-35% of glass frit;
the application amount of the far infrared dry particles is 250-300 g/m2；
The far infrared dry particles can exist on the surface of the protective glaze in the form of particles in the firing process;
the far infrared emissivity of the obtained far infrared ceramic tile is above 0.9.
2. The method for preparing far infrared dry granules according to claim 1, wherein the chemical composition of the far infrared dry granules comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：43～52%、Al2O3：12～14%、Fe2O3：0.05～0.19%、CaO：2.5～6%、MgO：9～15%、K2O：2.5～5%、Na2O：0.5～1.2%、BaO：1～3%、ZnO：2～5%。
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the chemical composition of the glass frit comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：45～50%、Al2O3：9～13%、Fe2O3：0.08～0.18%、CaO：6～10%、MgO：3～8%、K2O：2～5%、Na2O：2～4%、BaO： 5～15%、ZnO：3～7%。
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the far infrared powder is a magnesium ion-substituted cordierite material doped with an aliovalent ion, and has a chemical formula of Mg2（1-x）L2xAl4Si5O（18+x）Wherein, L is at least one of the elements of yttrium and lanthanum, and x is more than or equal to 0.05 and less than or equal to 0.2.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the overglaze has a chemical compositionThe method comprises the following steps: by mass percent, SiO2：50～57%、Al2O3：20～25%、Fe2O3：0.1～0.3%、CaO：0.1～0.5%、MgO：0.1～0.3%、K2O：3～6%、Na2O：2～5%、ZrO2: 6-9% and loss on ignition: 2-4%; the application mode of the overglaze is glaze spraying, and the specific gravity of the overglaze is 1.4-1.5 g/cm3The application amount is 550 to 650g/m2。
6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the chemical composition of the protective glaze comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：40～45%、Al2O3：13～18%、Fe2O3：0.05～0.15%、CaO：4～8%、MgO：3～6%、K2O：1.5～5%、Na2O: 1-3%, BaO: 5-15%, ZnO: 3-5% of loss on ignition and 2-5% of loss on ignition; the application mode of the protective glaze is glaze spraying, and the specific gravity of the protective glaze is 1.3-1.35 g/cm3The application amount is 200 to 250g/m2。
7. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the particles of the far infrared dry particles are 60 to 100 mesh.
8. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the pattern is inkjet-printed using black ink in step (2) to form a black plate.
9. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the firing is carried out at a maximum firing temperature of 1180 to 1230 ℃ and a firing period of 60 to 70 min.
10. A far-infrared ceramic tile, characterized in that it is produced by the production method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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