CN111727717B - Rhizome crop harvester and harvesting method - Google Patents

Rhizome crop harvester and harvesting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111727717B
CN111727717B CN202010540467.0A CN202010540467A CN111727717B CN 111727717 B CN111727717 B CN 111727717B CN 202010540467 A CN202010540467 A CN 202010540467A CN 111727717 B CN111727717 B CN 111727717B
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conveyor
sorting
conveying
lifting
sliding plate
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CN111727717A (en
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程广森
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Yucheng Yatai Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
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Yucheng Yatai Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a root crop harvester and a harvesting method.A sorting device adopted by the invention comprises a sorting conveyor, a first conveying conveyor and a second conveying conveyor, wherein the sorting conveyor, the second conveying conveyor and the first conveying conveyor are sequentially arranged into three layers from top to bottom, the conveying directions of the sorting conveyor are from back to front, the conveying directions of the first conveying conveyor and the second conveying conveyor are from front to back, the first conveying conveyor is used for receiving materials output by the front end of the sorting conveyor and conveying the materials to the rear side of an annular lifting conveyor, and the rear end material output position of the second conveying conveyor is positioned at the rear side of the rear end material output position of the first conveying conveyor. The invention can realize concentrated collection of crops and return the sorted sundries to the field under the cooperation of manual or mechanical sorting devices. The invention is suitable for harvesting potato, sweet potato, onion, beet and other rhizome crops.

Description

Rhizome crop harvester and harvesting method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a root crop harvester and a harvesting method.
Background
Chinese patent number 201520703186.7 discloses a traction type potato harvester, which completes continuous operations of digging, separating, cleaning, conveying, loading and unloading of potatoes at one time. The automatic degree is high, no manual work is needed, time and labor are saved, and the operation efficiency is obviously improved. The harvester has poor sorting effect in practical use, the secondary sorting devices of the machine impurity sorting device are distributed at the bottom and the top of the bucket lifting device, the device rolls the harvested stem crops onto the loading and conveying device by utilizing the angle inclination (downward front inclination), but when the harvested stem crops are similar to the shape and the size of the stem crops, the soil blocks and the stone blocks fall onto the loading and conveying device at the same time, and the soil blocks, the stone blocks and the crop crops are mixed to bring great trouble to the follow-up sub-packaging sales and storage, so the technical scheme is difficult to apply in reality.
Chinese patent No. 201810974461.7 discloses a half combine of potato, including the frame, the front end of frame is equipped with the draw gear who is used for drawing the frame, still includes hydraulic lifting means, frame, cutting device, excavating gear, hydraulic oil gearbox, first hydraulic motor, second hydraulic motor, first conveyor, second conveyor, hydraulic tank, platform device, collection device, running gear, all be equipped with the platform device in the frame of second conveyor both sides, and be equipped with running gear in the frame of second conveyor bottom. When the potato packaging machine is used, workers can stand on a platform in the platform device to manually grade and bag potatoes. Although the potato semi-combine harvester realizes that the potato is manually stood on the harvester for sorting, the potato needs to be manually bagged on a platform after sorting, and the potato is bagged while being sorted, so that the sorting efficiency is influenced, and the sorting is very inconvenient.
Chinese patent No. 201910651624.2 discloses a rhizome crop harvester that is easy to sort, the sorting platform of the present invention includes two conveying channels, two first sorting channels and a second sorting channel, the bottoms of all the conveying channels, the first sorting channels and the second sorting channels are open structures, the second sorting channel is located in the middle, two sides of the second sorting channel are sequentially provided with one conveying channel and one first sorting channel from inside to outside, and the front ends of the two conveying channels are open for receiving materials transferred from the first conveying device to the second conveying device. According to the invention, the materials lifted from the first conveying device can be automatically divided into two strands and respectively conveyed to the conveying channels at two sides of the second sorting channel, so that the materials are closer to sorting staff on platforms at two sides, sorting is easy, and the sorting staff can immediately put the sorted crops into the second sorting channel or the adjacent first sorting channel without immediately bagging, thereby facilitating sorting.
Above-mentioned two manual sorting harvesters all set up the letter sorting platform through conveyor both sides, carry out the manual sorting by the people on the platform to the last crop of letter sorting conveyor, consequently, the harvester has decided the work efficiency of harvester to artificial bearing capacity, and above-mentioned two harvesters are by arranging from front to back in proper order owing to excavating gear, promotion conveyor and letter sorting conveyor, excavating gear, promotion conveyor have taken very big part fuselage length for the length of letter sorting conveyor is limited, thereby makes to bear artificial space less, makes the work efficiency of harvester lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: provides a root crop harvester with high sorting efficiency and also provides a root crop harvesting method with high sorting efficiency.
In order to solve the technical problems, the rhizome crop harvester comprises a frame and a travelling device, wherein an excavating device and a conveying device are arranged on the frame, the conveying device comprises an annular lifting conveyor, a sorting device is further arranged on the frame, the sorting device comprises a sorting conveyor, a first conveying conveyor and a second conveying conveyor, the sorting conveyor, the second conveying conveyor and the first conveying conveyor are sequentially arranged into three layers from top to bottom, the sorting conveyor, the first conveying conveyor and the second conveying conveyor are all inserted in the annular lifting conveyor, the front ends of the sorting conveyor, the first conveying conveyor and the second conveying conveyor extend out to the front side of the annular lifting conveyor, the conveying direction of the sorting conveyor is from back to front, the conveying direction of the first conveying conveyor and the conveying conveyor are both from back, the first conveying conveyor is used for receiving materials output by the front end of the sorting conveyor and conveying materials to the rear side of the annular lifting conveyor, the rear end material output position of the second conveying conveyor is arranged on the rear side of the material output position of the first conveying conveyor, the rear end material output position of the sorting conveyor is arranged on the rear side of the material output by the material output position of the first conveying conveyor, the second conveying conveyor is arranged on the left side of the annular lifting conveyor and the material output by the collecting device is arranged on the frame, and the left side of the conveying device is arranged between the frame and the conveying device is arranged on the left side of the conveying device.
Preferably, the front end of the first transfer conveyor extends before the front end of the sorting conveyor, and the rear end of the first transfer conveyor is located behind the annular lifting conveyor.
Preferably, the first conveying conveyor comprises a conveyor main body, a first material sliding plate and a second material sliding plate, wherein the first material sliding plate and the second material sliding plate are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the conveyor main body, the first material sliding plate is used for receiving materials output from the front end of the sorting conveyor and conveying the materials to the conveyor main body, and the second material sliding plate is used for sliding materials output from the rear end of the conveyor main body out of the annular lifting conveyor.
Preferably, the first conveying conveyor comprises a conveyor body and a first material sliding plate, the first material sliding plate is arranged at the front end of the conveyor body and used for receiving materials output by the front end of the sorting conveyor and conveying the materials to the conveyor body, and the rear end of the conveyor body is located behind the annular lifting conveyor.
Preferably, the first transfer conveyor comprises a conveyor body and a second material sliding plate, wherein the front end of the conveyor body extends to the front end of the sorting conveyor, and the second material sliding plate is used for sliding materials output from the rear end of the conveyor body out of the annular lifting conveyor.
In order to facilitate the delivery of the sorted crops to the second delivery conveyor, the workbench is arranged on the left side and the right side of the sorting device on the frame, a third material sliding plate is arranged between the workbench and the sorting conveyor, a certain gap is reserved between the third material sliding plate and the side surface of the sorting conveyor, and a discharging part of the third material sliding plate is positioned on the second delivery conveyor.
In order to make the width of letter sorting conveyer less, conveniently arrange the workstation, cyclic annular promotion conveyer in be provided with auxiliary conveyor, auxiliary conveyor is located cyclic annular promotion conveyer top feed direction's one side for letter sorting conveyer, auxiliary conveyor's material output links up with letter sorting conveyer mutually.
In order to prevent crops from being knocked during collection, the collection device is a lifting platform, the front end of the lifting platform is hinged with the frame, and the rear end of the lifting platform is connected with the frame through a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod.
In order to remove most of soil before the material enters the annular lifting conveyor, the conveying device further comprises a chain-row type lifting conveyor and a chain-row type vibrating conveyor, the excavating device, the chain-row type lifting conveyor, the chain-row type vibrating conveyor and the annular lifting conveyor are connected in sequence, the rear end of the chain-row type vibrating conveyor is inserted into the annular lifting conveyor, and the excavating device, the chain-row type lifting conveyor and the chain-row type vibrating conveyor are all located below the sorting device.
According to the root crop harvesting method, the root crop harvester is driven to walk in the field, the crops in the field are excavated and conveyed onto the sorting conveyor through the root crop harvester, the crops on the sorting conveyor are sorted out and put into the second conveying conveyor and conveyed onto the collecting device to be collected, and the sorted materials are conveyed to the field behind the harvester through the first conveying conveyor.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the invention, the sorting conveyor, the first conveying conveyor and the second conveying conveyor are arranged, the materials are lifted to the sorting conveyor through the annular lifting conveyor, the sorting conveyor is set to convey from back to front, the first conveying conveyor and the second conveying conveyor convey from front to back, so that conveying channels of the materials are in multi-layer folding connection on the whole machine, the length of the sorting conveyor and the length of a workbench are longer under the condition of the same machine body length, more operators can be carried during manual sorting, more mechanical sorting devices can be arranged during mechanical sorting, and the sorting conveyor, the first conveying conveyor, the second conveying conveyor and the workbench are arranged in a mode that the sorted crops can be conveyed to the rear end of the harvester for centralized collection, and the sorted impurities can be conveyed to the field behind the harvester, so that the sorting efficiency of the harvester is high. The invention can realize concentrated collection of crops and return the sorted sundries to the field under the cooperation of manual or mechanical sorting devices. The invention is suitable for harvesting potato, sweet potato, onion, beet and other rhizome crops.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a front view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of a sorting apparatus and endless lift conveyor according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a front view of a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a front view of a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a front view of a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
In the figure: 1. digging device, 2, chain type lifting conveyor, 3, chain type vibrating conveyor, 4, frame, 5, travelling wheel, 6, hydraulic cylinder or electric push rod, 7, lifting platform, 8, crop collecting device, 9, annular lifting conveyor, 10, a third material sliding plate, 11, a workbench, 12, a sorting conveyor, 13, a second conveying conveyor, 14, a first conveying conveyor, 14-1, a conveyor main body, 14-2, a first material sliding plate, 14-3, a second material sliding plate, 15 and an auxiliary conveyor. The arrow in the figure indicates the direction of conveyance of the material.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The rootstock crop harvester shown in fig. 1 and 2 comprises a frame 4 and a travelling wheel 5, wherein a traction frame (not shown in the figure), an excavating device 1, a chain-type lifting conveyor 2, a chain-type vibrating conveyor 3 and an annular lifting conveyor 9 are sequentially arranged on the frame 4 from front to back, the excavating device 1, the chain-type lifting conveyor 2, the chain-type vibrating conveyor 3 and the annular lifting conveyor 9 are sequentially connected, the connection means that materials can be directly sent into another phase connection part from one part and not the connection on a physical structure, in order to better realize the transfer of the materials, the rear end of the chain-type vibrating conveyor 3 is inserted into the annular lifting conveyor 9, a sorting device is further arranged on the frame 4, the excavating device 1, the chain-type lifting conveyor 2 and the chain-type vibrating conveyor 3 are positioned below the sorting device, the sorting device comprises a sorting conveyor 12, a second conveying conveyor 13 and a first conveying conveyor 14 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the sorting conveyor 12, the first conveying conveyor 14 and the second conveying conveyor 14 are arranged at the front end of the annular conveying conveyor 14, the sorting conveyor 14 can extend out of the annular conveying conveyor 14 from the front end of the annular conveying conveyor 14 to the front end of the annular conveying conveyor 14, and the front end of the sorting conveyor 14 can extend out of the annular conveying conveyor 14 from the front end of the first conveying conveyor 14. The front end of the second transfer conveyor 13 is located at the rear side of the front end material output position of the sorting conveyor 12, the rear end of the second transfer conveyor 13 passes through the annular lifting conveyor 9 and extends out to the rear side of the annular lifting conveyor 9, the material output position of the rear end of the second transfer conveyor 13 is located at the rear side of the material output position of the rear end of the first transfer conveyor 14, the conveying direction of the sorting conveyor 12 is from back to front, the conveying direction of the first transfer conveyor 14 is from front to back, the conveying direction of the second transfer conveyor 13 is from front to back, a collecting device for receiving the material output by the second transfer conveyor 13 is arranged on the frame 4, and a gap for the material output by the first transfer conveyor 14 to land is arranged between the collecting device and the annular lifting conveyor 9. The frame 4 is provided with a workbench 11 and a third chute 10 on the left and right sides of the sorting device.
An auxiliary conveyor 15 is arranged in the annular lifting conveyor 9, the auxiliary conveyor 15 is positioned on one side of the top feeding direction of the annular lifting conveyor 9 relative to the sorting conveyor 12, and the material output end of the auxiliary conveyor 15 is connected with the sorting conveyor 12. So that the auxiliary conveyor 15 can catch the material falling from the top of the endless lifting conveyor 9 and transfer it onto the sorting conveyor 12, which can make the sorting conveyor 12 narrower and facilitate the arrangement of the work table 11.
The collecting device is a lifting platform 7 with a scissor structure, the front end of the lifting platform 7 is hinged with the frame 4, and the rear end of the lifting platform 7 is connected with the frame 4 through a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod 6. In operation, the crop collecting device 8 is placed on the lifting platform 7 to receive crops output by the second conveying conveyor, and when the crop collecting device 8 is empty, the lifting platform 7 is lifted to be close to the lower part of the second conveying conveyor 13, so that surface collision of the crops caused by high-altitude falling is avoided. The height of the lifting platform 7 can be manually adjusted in the filling process to ensure that crops in the crop collecting device 8 are connected with the lower part of the second conveying conveyor 13 as much as possible and are not damaged by falling. When the object collecting device 8 is filled, the rear end of the lifting platform 7 falls to the position close to the ground to form a slope with high front and low rear, so that the object collecting device 8 can slide to the ground smoothly (the object collecting device is a container such as a ton bag, a wooden box, a plastic box and the like).
The third chute 10 is arranged between the working table 11 and the sorting conveyor 12, the third chute 10 has a certain clearance with the side of the sorting conveyor 12, and the discharge part of the third chute 10 is positioned on the second transfer conveyor 13.
The harvesting method comprises the following steps: during harvesting operation, the tractor pulls the harvester to operate in the field, the two work tables 11 are loaded with operators, the tractor walks to drive the harvester to walk in the field, the excavating device 1 stretches into the soil to scoop out soil with crop roots and stems of a certain thickness and sequentially conveys the soil to the chain type lifting conveyor 2, the chain type vibrating conveyor 3 and the annular lifting conveyor 9, most of the soil in the conveying process is vibrated to fall back to the field, sundries such as crops, seedlings and stones are brought to a high position by the annular lifting conveyor 9 and fall onto the auxiliary conveyor 15 to sort the conveyor 12, the sorting conveyor 12 carries materials to be conveyed forwards, operators standing on two sides of the sorting conveyor pick up the crops and send the crops into the third chute 10, and the crops are conveyed to the second conveying conveyor 13 by the third chute 10 and are conveyed to the crop collecting device to be collected. Other graff on sorting conveyor 12 falls from the front end onto first transfer conveyor 14 and is transported by first transfer conveyor 14 to the field behind the harvester.
In this embodiment, the traction frame can be replaced by a power device for driving the travelling wheels 5 to travel. The excavating device 1 and the endless lifting conveyor 9 may be designed to engage directly or only by one of the chain-link lifting conveyor 2 and the chain-link vibrating conveyor 3.
The first transfer conveyor 14 may take many forms, as shown in fig. 1, and the first transfer conveyor 14 is a complete conveyor.
As illustrated in fig. 3 two, the first transfer conveyor 14 includes a conveyor body 14-1, and a first chute 14-2 and a second chute 14-3 respectively provided at front and rear ends of the conveyor body 14-1, the first chute 14-2 being for receiving the material output from the front end of the sorting conveyor 12 and transferring the material onto the conveyor body 14-1, and the second chute 14-3 being for sliding the material output from the rear end of the conveyor body 14-1 out after the endless lifting conveyor 9. Since the chute plates are provided at both ends of the conveyor body 14-1, the front end of the conveyor body 14-1 does not have to extend before the front end of the sorting conveyor 12 nor does the rear end have to extend after the endless lifting conveyor 9.
As illustrated in fig. 4 three, the first transfer conveyor 14 includes a conveyor body 14-1 and a first chute 14-2, the first chute 14-2 is disposed at a front end of the conveyor body 14-1, the first chute 14-2 is configured to receive material output from a front end of the sorting conveyor 12 and transfer the material onto the conveyor body 14-1, and a rear end of the conveyor body 14-1 is located behind the endless lifting conveyor 9.
As shown in fig. 5, the first transfer conveyor 14 includes a conveyor body 14-1 and a second chute 14-3, the front end of the conveyor body 14-1 extending before the front end of the sorting conveyor 12, and the second chute 14-3 for chute out the material output from the rear end of the conveyor body 14-1 to the endless lifting conveyor 9.
The second, third and fourth embodiments are the same as the first embodiment except for the first transfer conveyor 14.
The first chute plate 14-2, the second chute plate 14-3 and the third chute plate 10 are arranged in a conventional manner, such as by being fixed on a frame through a connecting frame, so long as the chute plates can be kept at set positions relative to the frame. The arrangement mode of each conveyor is a conventional technical means, so long as the conveyor can realize the conveying function at the set position.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the present invention are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement conditions, etc. between the components in a certain posture (as shown in the drawings), and the directional indicators are merely for convenience of description, and if the posture is changed, the directional indicators are correspondingly changed, so the present invention should not be construed as being limited.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a rhizome crop harvester, includes frame and running gear, is provided with excavating gear and conveyor in the frame, conveyor includes annular lifting conveyor, its characterized in that: the sorting device comprises a sorting conveyor, a first conveying conveyor and a second conveying conveyor, wherein the sorting conveyor, the second conveying conveyor and the first conveying conveyor are sequentially arranged into three layers which are connected in a multi-layer folding way from top to bottom; the first conveying conveyor comprises a conveyor main body, a first material sliding plate and a second material sliding plate, wherein the first material sliding plate and the second material sliding plate are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the conveyor main body, the first material sliding plate is used for receiving materials output from the front end of the sorting conveyor and conveying the materials to the conveyor main body, and the second material sliding plate is used for sliding the materials output from the rear end of the conveyor main body out of the annular lifting conveyor; the machine frame on all be provided with the workstation in sorting device's left and right sides, be provided with the third swift current flitch between workstation and the letter sorting conveyer, the third swift current flitch has certain clearance with letter sorting conveyer side, the ejection of compact portion of third swift current flitch is located the second and conveys the conveyer.
2. The root crop harvester of claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary conveyor is arranged in the annular lifting conveyor and is positioned on one side of the feeding direction of the top of the annular lifting conveyor relative to the sorting conveyor, and the material output end of the auxiliary conveyor is connected with the sorting conveyor.
3. Root crop harvester according to any of the claims 1-2, characterized in that: the collecting device is a lifting platform, the front end of the lifting platform is hinged with the frame, and the rear end of the lifting platform is connected with the frame through a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod.
4. The root crop harvester of claim 1, wherein: the conveying device further comprises a chain type lifting conveyor and a chain type vibrating conveyor, the excavating device, the chain type lifting conveyor, the chain type vibrating conveyor and the annular lifting conveyor are sequentially connected, the rear end of the chain type vibrating conveyor is inserted into the annular lifting conveyor, and the excavating device, the chain type lifting conveyor and the chain type vibrating conveyor are all located below the sorting device.
5. A method for harvesting root crops, which is characterized in that: use of a root crop harvester according to any of claims 1-2, driving the root crop harvester to travel in a field, digging and transporting the crop in the field through the root crop harvester onto a sorting conveyor, sorting the crop on the sorting conveyor, placing the crop on a second transfer conveyor and transporting the crop onto a collection device for collection, and transporting the sorted material to the field behind the harvester through the first transfer conveyor.
CN202010540467.0A 2020-06-15 Rhizome crop harvester and harvesting method Active CN111727717B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010540467.0A CN111727717B (en) 2020-06-15 Rhizome crop harvester and harvesting method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010540467.0A CN111727717B (en) 2020-06-15 Rhizome crop harvester and harvesting method

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CN111727717A CN111727717A (en) 2020-10-02
CN111727717B true CN111727717B (en) 2024-06-04

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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN203206728U (en) * 2013-04-11 2013-09-25 郭致林 Full-automatic potato harvester
CN103650739A (en) * 2013-12-09 2014-03-26 青岛菲尔特工业有限公司 Backpack peanut collection box mechanism of self-propelled peanut combined harvester
CN203505053U (en) * 2013-10-26 2014-04-02 张海玉 Self-discharging collecting trough for potato harvester
CN104475367A (en) * 2014-11-26 2015-04-01 成都贝发信息技术有限公司 Defective capsule removal device for optimization of operational procedures
CN105052391A (en) * 2015-08-07 2015-11-18 广西北流市智创科技开发有限公司 Towed sugarcane harvesting box vehicle
CN107466575A (en) * 2017-09-08 2017-12-15 班洪光 A kind of rhizome crop harvester
CN207655532U (en) * 2017-10-25 2018-07-27 黑龙江农垦科技职业学院 A kind of poultry food substandard products sorting semiautomatic plant
CN110419312A (en) * 2019-07-18 2019-11-08 禹城市亚泰机械制造有限公司 A kind of root crop harvester for being easy to sort
CN110663343A (en) * 2019-11-19 2020-01-10 青岛洪珠农业机械有限公司 Sweet potato semi-combine harvester

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN203206728U (en) * 2013-04-11 2013-09-25 郭致林 Full-automatic potato harvester
CN203505053U (en) * 2013-10-26 2014-04-02 张海玉 Self-discharging collecting trough for potato harvester
CN103650739A (en) * 2013-12-09 2014-03-26 青岛菲尔特工业有限公司 Backpack peanut collection box mechanism of self-propelled peanut combined harvester
CN104475367A (en) * 2014-11-26 2015-04-01 成都贝发信息技术有限公司 Defective capsule removal device for optimization of operational procedures
CN105052391A (en) * 2015-08-07 2015-11-18 广西北流市智创科技开发有限公司 Towed sugarcane harvesting box vehicle
CN107466575A (en) * 2017-09-08 2017-12-15 班洪光 A kind of rhizome crop harvester
CN207655532U (en) * 2017-10-25 2018-07-27 黑龙江农垦科技职业学院 A kind of poultry food substandard products sorting semiautomatic plant
CN110419312A (en) * 2019-07-18 2019-11-08 禹城市亚泰机械制造有限公司 A kind of root crop harvester for being easy to sort
CN110663343A (en) * 2019-11-19 2020-01-10 青岛洪珠农业机械有限公司 Sweet potato semi-combine harvester

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