CN111726007A - High-frequency transformer winding switching strategy applied to bidirectional power module - Google Patents
High-frequency transformer winding switching strategy applied to bidirectional power module Download PDFInfo
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- CN111726007A CN111726007A CN202010540110.2A CN202010540110A CN111726007A CN 111726007 A CN111726007 A CN 111726007A CN 202010540110 A CN202010540110 A CN 202010540110A CN 111726007 A CN111726007 A CN 111726007A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
- H02M3/33584—Bidirectional converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P13/00—Arrangements for controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P13/06—Arrangements for controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by tap-changing; by rearranging interconnections of windings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
A high-frequency transformer winding switching strategy applied to a bidirectional power supply module realizes winding switching of a high-frequency transformer by controlling a contactless switch, a primary side inverter circuit and a secondary side inverter circuit through a controller. The high-frequency transformer has three taps on the secondary side, wherein two taps are connected with a non-contact switch, the controller respectively controls the inverter circuits on the primary side and the secondary side and the switch tubes of the non-contact switch through the driving circuit, the control quantity of the inverter circuits is adjusted according to the winding switching proportion, and a four-step commutation strategy is executed at the same time, so that the output of the high-frequency transformer is switched from high voltage to low voltage or from low voltage to high voltage. The invention realizes flexible seamless switching between double windings, eliminates peak voltage, and realizes energy bidirectional flow under wide range of input and output voltage by controlling the inverter circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics and control, in particular to a high-frequency transformer winding switching strategy applied to a bidirectional power module.
Background
With the development of the new energy automobile industry, the voltage range of the battery of the electric automobile is gradually expanded, and the high-power direct-current charging equipment must meet the charging requirements of different types of electric automobiles and meet the wide voltage range output of 200V-1000V. Meanwhile, with the requirement of a bidirectional conversion system, a conversion scheme of a single-winding topology is adopted, and the wide-range bidirectional energy flow is difficult to meet in a single working mode. The traditional switching scheme adopts a relay as a switching device, the response speed of the relay is relatively low, the winding is switched after the relay is turned off, and seamless switching cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above disadvantages of the topology and the switching strategy, the present patent proposes a high-frequency transformer winding switching strategy applied to a bidirectional power module. The flexible seamless switching between the double windings is realized, the peak voltage is eliminated, and the energy bidirectional flow under the wide range of input and output voltages can be realized by controlling the inverter circuit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a high-frequency transformer winding switching strategy of a bidirectional power supply module, which is characterized by comprising a high-frequency transformer, a non-contact switch, a controller, a primary side inverter circuit and a secondary side inverter circuit.
The secondary side of the high-frequency transformer is provided with three taps, and two taps are connected with a non-contact switch.
The controller controls the high-frequency inverter circuit and the switching tube through the driving circuit in the switching process, and executes four-step current conversion to control the switching tube to be switched on or switched off according to the energy flow direction requirement of the bidirectional system, so that seamless switching of windings is realized.
When the controller needs to meet the requirement that energy flows from the input side to the output side or from the output side to the input side according to the actual control requirement, the control quantity of the primary side inverter circuit is adjusted according to the winding transformation ratio Np: Ns1 or Np: Ns2, and meanwhile, the action sequence of the contactless switch is controlled to realize the winding switching work.
It should be clear that, when the controller confirms the energy flow direction, the controller determines whether to perform winding switching according to the relationship between the output voltage and the input voltage, and there is no necessary relationship between the energy flow direction and the winding switching.
And after the energy direction is determined, the current direction is determined according to the primary side inverter circuit or the secondary side inverter circuit, and corresponding four-step current conversion measurement is carried out after the current direction is determined to realize winding switching.
Before the switching tube acts, the switching tube S1 and the switching tube S2 are in a conducting state, the switching tube S3 and the switching tube S4 are in a disconnecting state, the controller executes a four-step commutation method, the action sequence of the switching tube is that the switching tube S2 is disconnected firstly, then the switching tube S3 is connected, the switching tube S1 is disconnected again, and finally the switching tube S4 is connected, so that four-step seamless commutation is realized; when the output voltage is switched from low voltage to high voltage, before the switching tube acts, the switching tube S1 and the switching tube S2 are in an off state, the switching tube S3 and the switching tube S4 are in an on state, the controller executes a four-step commutation method, the action sequence of the switching tube is that the switching tube S4 is firstly turned off, then the switching tube S1 is turned on, the switching tube S3 is then turned off, and finally the switching tube S2 is turned on, so that four-step seamless commutation is realized.
Np is the number of turns on the primary side of the transformer, Ns1 is the number of turns on the first winding on the secondary side of the transformer, and Ns2 is the number of turns on the second winding on the secondary side of the transformer.
The switching tubes S1, S2, S3 and S4 are MOS tubes or IGBTs.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. because the high-voltage side winding and the low-voltage side winding are adopted to be put into different voltage output ranges in the high-voltage output process and the low-voltage output process, the range of output voltage is expanded.
2. Due to the adoption of the four-step current conversion switching strategy, the problem of voltage spike possibly existing in the traditional switching process can be solved, and corresponding devices are protected.
3. The seamless switching can be realized by adopting four-step current conversion measurement in the switching process, and the smooth and continuous output voltage is realized.
4. For an energy bidirectional system, the power supply transformation situation with wide input and output ranges can be met through winding switching.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the circuit topology of the high frequency transformer winding switching strategy of the present invention applied to a bi-directional power module;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the winding switching (high voltage to low voltage) with the energy direction input to output for the high frequency transformer winding switching strategy of the bi-directional power supply module of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a development view of the switching signals of the four-step commutation process in FIG. 2 applied to the switching strategy of the high frequency transformer winding of the bi-directional power module according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of winding switching (low voltage to high voltage) with energy direction input to output for a high frequency transformer winding switching strategy of the bi-directional power supply module of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a development view of the switching signals of the four-step commutation process in fig. 4 according to the present invention applied to the switching strategy of the high frequency transformer winding of the bi-directional power module.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are described in further detail in order to make those skilled in the art better understand the present invention.
The principle of a bidirectional charging module circuit corresponding to a winding switching strategy is shown in figure 1, and the circuit comprises a high-frequency transformer, a non-contact switch, a controller, a primary side inverter circuit and a secondary side inverter circuit. The specific switching strategy is shown in fig. 2, when the energy direction is from input to output, the converter is in the high-voltage output working state, the first winding and the second winding participate in the working process together, and a current path such as i is assumeds1As shown, current flows from the first winding to the secondary side inverter circuit through switching tubes S1, S2, and then back to the high frequency transformer through the second winding. When the controller switches the windings according to the requirement of the control algorithm, the controller adjusts the control quantity of the high-frequency inverter circuit according to the winding switching proportion, and starts a four-step commutation process, as shown in fig. 3: firstly, at time t1, the switch tube S2 is turned off, the body diode of S2 is naturally conducted, and then the switch tube S3 is closed at time t2, and the current path is still is1At time t3, switching tube S1 is turned off, at which time no current flows through switching tubes S1 and S2, current passes through switching tube S3 and the body diode branch of switching tube S4, and finally, at time t4, switching tube S4 is closed, and current flows from path is1Is switched to a path is2Seamless switching from high to low voltage is achieved.
As shown in FIG. 4, when the energy direction is from input to output, the bidirectional conversion system is in the output low-voltage working state, and only the second winding participates in the working process, assuming that the current path is is2As shown, current flows from the second winding through switching tubes S3, S4 to the secondary side inverter circuit and then back to the transformer through the second winding. When the controller detects that the output voltage is higher than the voltage switching point, the controller adjusts the control quantity of the high-frequency inverter circuit according to the winding switching proportion, and starts a four-step commutation process, as shown in fig. 5: firstly, at time t1, the switch tube S4 is turned off, the body diode of S4 is naturally conducted, and then the switch tube S1 is closed at time t2, and the current path is still is2At time t3, switch tube S3 is turned off, at which time S3 and S4 no current flows through the switch tube S1, the body diode branch of the switch tube S2, and finally the switch tube S2 is closed at time t4, and the current flows from the path is2Is switched to a path is1Seamless switching from low voltage to high voltage is achieved.
In the actual charging process of the electric vehicle, the initial voltage of the battery is low, the controller controls the switch tubes S3 and S4 to be closed, the switch tubes S1 and S2 to be opened, the converter works in a low-voltage mode, and the current path is is2The devices participating in the work are a switching tube S3, a switching tube S4, a switching tube G5, a switching tube D8 and a second winding; along with the rise of the voltage of the battery, when the output voltage reaches a voltage switching point, the controller adjusts the control quantity of the primary side inverter circuit according to the winding switching proportion, and the current path is switched from i to i in a four-step current conversion modes2Switch to is1The converter does not interrupt the output voltage and current, and realizes power output in a wide voltage range.
When the battery energy of the electric automobile is fed back to the power grid and the energy direction is opposite, is1And is2When the current flows in the reverse direction, the four-step commutation control process of the switching tubes S1, S2, S3 and S4 is symmetrical to the process.
When the direction of energy flow is constant, for is1And is2In actual control, the controller can confirm the on/off of the primary side switching tubes G1, G2, G3 and G4 and the secondary side switching tubes G5, G6, G7 and G8 through a corresponding algorithm. And further, the detection work of the four-step commutation on the current direction of the circuit is reduced.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a be applied to high frequency transformer winding switching strategy of two-way power module which characterized in that contains high frequency transformer, contactless switch, controller, primary side inverter circuit, secondary side inverter circuit, wherein:
the secondary side of the high-frequency transformer is provided with three taps, wherein two taps are connected with a non-contact switch, and two taps are connected with the non-contact switch;
the controller controls the high-frequency inverter circuit and the contactless switch through the driving circuit, and executes four-step current conversion to control the on-off of the switch tube according to the requirement of the energy flow direction of the bidirectional system, so as to realize seamless switching of the winding.
2. A high-frequency transformer winding switching strategy applied to a bidirectional power supply module as recited in claim 1 is characterized in that the contactless switch is a MOS tube or an IGBT of a power semiconductor device, and the connection mode is not limited to common drain connection or common source connection.
3. A high frequency transformer winding switching strategy applied to a bidirectional power supply module as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that said contactless switch can be used for power consumption reduction in a manner of adding a parallel relay.
4. The switching strategy of high frequency transformer winding of bi-directional power supply module as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the controller determines the winding switching according to the energy flow direction, the controller adjusts the control amount of the primary side high frequency inverter circuit according to the switching ratio Np: Ns1 or Np: Ns2 of the transformer winding to control the switching tube to be turned on or off to complete the winding switching process.
5. The high frequency transformer winding switching strategy of a bi-directional power supply module of claim 1, wherein energy can flow bi-directionally.
6. The switching strategy of high frequency transformer winding of bi-directional power supply module as claimed in claim 4, wherein Np is the number of primary turns of the transformer, Ns1 is the number of primary turns of the transformer, and Ns2 is the number of secondary turns of the transformer.
7. The switching strategy of high frequency transformer winding of a bidirectional power supply module as claimed in claim 5, wherein, in the winding switching method, when the output voltage is switched from high voltage to low voltage, before the switching tube is operated, the switching tube S1 and the switching tube S2 are in on state, the switching tube S3 and the switching tube S4 are in off state, the controller executes a four-step commutation method, the operation sequence of the switching tube is that the switching tube S2 is turned off first, then the switching tube S3 is turned on, the switching tube S1 is turned off again, and finally the switching tube S4 is turned on, so as to realize the winding switching; when the output voltage is switched from low voltage to high voltage, before the switching tube acts, the switching tube S1 and the switching tube S2 are in an off state, the switching tube S3 and the switching tube S4 are in an on state, the controller executes a four-step commutation strategy, the action sequence of the switching tube is that the switching tube S4 is turned off first, then the switching tube S1 is turned on, the switching tube S3 is turned off again, and finally the switching tube S2 is turned on, so that winding switching is realized.
8. The high-frequency transformer winding switching strategy of the bidirectional power supply module as claimed in claim 5, wherein the voltage switching point of the winding switching method is determined according to algorithm requirements of a bidirectional DC system and the relation between the energy flow direction and the output and input voltages.
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CN202010540110.2A CN111726007A (en) | 2020-06-13 | 2020-06-13 | High-frequency transformer winding switching strategy applied to bidirectional power module |
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CN202010540110.2A CN111726007A (en) | 2020-06-13 | 2020-06-13 | High-frequency transformer winding switching strategy applied to bidirectional power module |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113751832A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-12-07 | 深圳市佳士科技股份有限公司 | Current direction switching circuit, welding machine driving circuit and welding machine equipment |
CN116418239A (en) * | 2023-06-09 | 2023-07-11 | 深圳市永联科技股份有限公司 | Dual active bridge circuit, power supply and DC-DC converter |
DE102022101913A1 (en) | 2022-01-27 | 2023-07-27 | Preh Gmbh | Circuit arrangement of a DC converter for supplying a low-voltage DC network from a high-voltage DC voltage, the relevant supply method and an electric vehicle |
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CN209545445U (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-10-25 | 深圳英飞源技术有限公司 | A kind of powerstat no-load voltage ratio DC-DC power inverter |
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CN101325124A (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2008-12-17 | 中国农业大学 | Tapping switch for load voltage-regulating transformer and voltage-regulating transformer using the same |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN116418239B (en) * | 2023-06-09 | 2023-08-22 | 深圳市永联科技股份有限公司 | Dual active bridge circuit, power supply and DC-DC converter |
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