CN108448902A - A kind of synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment and control method - Google Patents

A kind of synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment and control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108448902A
CN108448902A CN201810361374.4A CN201810361374A CN108448902A CN 108448902 A CN108448902 A CN 108448902A CN 201810361374 A CN201810361374 A CN 201810361374A CN 108448902 A CN108448902 A CN 108448902A
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transformer
primary side
side power
circuit
synchronous rectification
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CN201810361374.4A
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CN108448902B (en
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谢小高
张丽娜
董汉菁
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Hangzhou Dianzi University
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Hangzhou Dianzi University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33592Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC DC power supply change-over device and control method, the present invention includes circuit of reversed excitation and auxiliary switch;Circuit of reversed excitation includes an input port, an output circuit and a transformer;The input port receives DC input voitage, gives transformer-supplied, primary side power switch tube and the transformer primary side power windings in series;The secondary side power winding coupled of output circuit and the transformer, the energy that the transformer is discharged during the primary side power switch tube turns off generate a direct current in the output port, are supplied to load;The auxiliary switch is in parallel with the auxiliary winding of transformer.The present invention can utilize the secondary side synchronous rectification control technology of the prior art to realize that the synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC to DC converter without common risk, compatible discontinuous conduct mode, electric current critical discontinuous mode and continuous current mode, the drive signal generation logic circuit of auxiliary switch are simple.

Description

A kind of synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment and control method
Technical field
The invention patent relates to a kind of DC-DC power conversion equipment, it is particularly suitable for that electric current is continuous, discontinuously or faces Boundary discontinuously etc. various operating modes the inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment with synchronous rectification.
Background technology
DC/DC conversion is most basic one of transformation of electrical energy form.Flyback converter is since its topology is simple, first device The features such as part is few, is widely used in small-power switching power-supply, usually in 100~200W or less.The loss of flyback converter Main loss, transformer loss, the loss of absorbing circuit and the loss of secondary side rectifier including primary side switch pipe.Wherein, The loss of output end rectifier is one of dominant loss of inverse excitation type converter, whole in the output of low-voltage, high current The proportion that the loss of flow tube accounts for is especially prominent.
In order to reduce the loss of rectifying tube, a kind of main means are synchronous rectifications.Fig. 1 show one kind and uses The inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment of synchronous rectification, shown in synchronous commutating control circuit 100 be it is a kind of most The simplified pinciple figure of the synchronous commutating control circuit of the common prior art.
As shown in Figure 1, when the Q1 shutdowns of primary side power switch tube, energy is transferred to secondary side from the primary side of transformer T, synchronizes whole Flow tube QSRBody diode be connected afterflow, synchronous rectifier QSRDrain electrode VD become negative pressure.When VD voltages are less than reference voltage When VTH1,101 output switching activity of comparator makes 103 set of trigger, the output of trigger 103 after the driving of driving circuit 104, The control signal Vg_SR of output synchronous rectifier, control synchronous rectifier QSRConducting.Synchronous rectifier QSRConducting can be significantly The conduction voltage drop for reducing output rectifier reaches reduction loss, puies forward efficient purpose.As freewheel current reduces, VD voltages It increases, when VD voltages are higher than reference voltage V TH2,102 output switching activity of comparator makes trigger 103 reset, and control synchronizes whole Flow tube Q2 shutdowns.In addition, being also added into minimum turn-on time circuit 107 and/or door 108 in synchronous commutating control circuit 100 To prevent the oscillation of VD waveforms from leading to synchronous rectifier QSRControl signal Vg_SR when opening accidentally turn off, separately add Minimum turn-off time circuit 105 and with door 106 a minimum turn-off time is arranged, avoid synchronous rectifier QSRIt weighs after shut-off It is new open-minded.
Using synchronous rectification control mode shown in Fig. 1, due to detecting that VD reaches benchmark from synchronous commutating control circuit 100 Voltage is to synchronous rectifier control signal overturning, and control circuit has inevitably delay, including synchronous rectifier is open-minded Be delayed Td1 and shutdown delay Td2, as shown in Figures 2 and 3.Wherein Fig. 2 show flyback converter shown in Fig. 1 and is operated in electric current Main waveform when discontinuous mode or critical discontinuous mode, Fig. 3 show flyback converter shown in Fig. 1 and are operated in the electric current progressive die Main waveform when formula.
By Fig. 2 it can be seen that, when VD voltages reach benchmark VTH2, the synchronous rectifier Q after the Td2 that is delayedSRControl It is low level, synchronous rectifier Q that signal Vg_SR is overturn from high levelSRShutdown, body diode flow through secondary current.Due to anti- When exciting converter is operated in discontinuous conduct mode or critical discontinuous mode, secondary current descending slope is smaller, therefore synchronous rectification Pipe QSRTurn-off time can control before secondary current zero crossing, therefore synchronous rectifier Q will not occurSRWith primary side work( Rate switching tube Q1's is common.
As shown in figure 3, under continuous current mode, it is open-minded in t3 moment primary side power switch tubes Q1, flow through synchronous rectification Pipe QSRElectric current start to decline rapidly with larger slope, corresponding VD voltages are begun to ramp up;At the t4 moment, VD voltages reach benchmark VTH2, using the t5 timing synchronization rectifying tubes Q after delay Td2SRJust turn off.It can be seen that in this section of section t3 to t5, Primary side power switch tube Q1 and synchronous rectifier QSRIt is at common state, therefore will produce larger common electric current, is made Flyback converter operation irregularity, or even circuit is caused to damage.
Therefore, existing synchronous rectification control technology shown in FIG. 1 is only applicable to flyback converter and is operated in discontinuous current Pattern or critical discontinuous mode have larger limitation.And under many applicable cases or operating condition, in order to optimize device effect Rate, it may be desirable to design flyback converter and enter continuous current mode.
For the flyback converter of continuous current mode, a kind of existing solution is will be former using optocoupler or magnetic cell The signal transmission of side switching tube is used to control secondary synchronous rectifier later to transformer secondary, then through certain logical process. But due to transmission be high-frequency pulse signal, optocoupler will use expensive high speed photo coupling, and magnetic cell price higher, because The method of this this isolation transmission synchronous rectifier control signal is in industrial quarters using relatively fewer.
Invention content
In order to solve problem above, the present invention provides a kind of synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipments And control method.
A kind of synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment, including:Circuit of reversed excitation and auxiliary switch;Flyback Circuit includes an input circuit, an output circuit and a transformer;The input circuit includes primary side power switch Pipe receives DC input voitage to transformer-supplied, primary side power switch tube and the transformer primary side power windings in series;It is defeated The secondary side power winding coupled for going out circuit and the transformer, by the transformer during the primary side power switch tube turns off The energy of release generates a direct current in the output port of the output circuit, is supplied to load;The auxiliary switch and change The auxiliary winding of depressor is in parallel.
Preferably, the DC input voitage of the input circuit is the direct current that the DC power supplies such as accumulator directly export Pressure or the DC voltage of other conversion circuits output, the DC input voitage are that the alternating voltage of power grid is whole by diode The constant DC voltage or sinusoidal half-wave voltage of current circuit output.
Preferably, transformer primary side power winding one termination DC input voitage anode, transformer primary side power around The other end of group is connect with the drain electrode of primary side power switch tube, and the source electrode of primary side power switch tube connects DC input voitage cathode, The drain electrode at one end of transformer secondary power winding and the ends VD of synchronous commutating control circuit, secondary synchronous rectifier connects, secondary The grid of synchronous rectifier and the ends VG of synchronous commutating control circuit connect, the other end and the electricity of transformer secondary power winding Hold one end of Co, one end connection of load, the source electrode company of the other end of capacitance Co and the other end of load, secondary synchronous rectifier It connects;The auxiliary switch is in parallel with the auxiliary winding of transformer.
Preferably, the source electrode of a termination primary side power switch tube of transformer primary side power winding, primary side power switch The drain electrode of pipe connects DC input voitage anode, and the cathode of another termination DC input voitage of transformer primary side power winding becomes The drain electrode at one end of depressor pair side power winding and the ends VD of synchronous commutating control circuit, secondary synchronous rectifier connects, secondary side The grid of synchronous rectifier and the ends VG of synchronous commutating control circuit connect, the other end and capacitance of transformer secondary power winding The source electrode of one end of Co, one end connection of load, the other end of capacitance Co and the other end of load, secondary synchronous rectifier connects It connects;The auxiliary switch is in parallel with the auxiliary winding of transformer.
Preferably, the auxiliary switch is the semiconductor devices with two-way blocking-up ability.
Preferably, the auxiliary switch is diode and what metal oxide semiconductor field effect tube was constituted compound opens It closes, the direction of diode is opposite with the direction of metal oxide semiconductor field effect tube body diode.
Preferably, the auxiliary switch is answering for the metal oxide semiconductor field effect tube composition of two differential concatenations Combination switch.
Preferably, the time of the auxiliary switch conducting is fixed or by synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC electricity The control circuit of supply changeover device is adjusted according to the working condition of circuit.
Preferably, the excitation current of the transformer is operated in on-off state, continuous state or critical discontinuous state.
A kind of control method of synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment, which is characterized in that this method has Body includes the following steps:
Step 1:Synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment generates the control of primary side power switch tube respectively The control signal of signal and auxiliary switch;
Step 2:Auxiliary switch is connected once or twice before primary side power switch tube is opened so that being led in auxiliary switch Transformer primary side power winding is short-circuited in the logical time;
Step 3:Synchronous commutating control circuit generates synchronous rectifier according to the voltage signal at secondary synchronous rectifier both ends Control signal.
Preferably, auxiliary switch is operated in electric current in the synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment When continuous mode, be connected once or twice before primary side power switch tube is opened;Auxiliary switch is in the synchronous rectification flyback When formula DC-DC power conversion equipment is operated in discontinuous conduct mode or electric current critical discontinuous mode, in primary side power switch Pipe be connected before opening it is primary, twice or be not turned on.
The principle of the present invention is:For synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-to-dc converter, when to be operated in electric current continuous for it Under state, secondary current just declines after being opened due to primary side power switch tube, for conventional detection secondary synchronous rectifier The negative pressure of both end voltage reaches the amplitude of certain threshold value to turn off the control mode of synchronous rectifier, inevitably exists common The problem of.Synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment proposed by the present invention in primary side power switch tube by opening Using being connected with the auxiliary switch of transformer auxiliary winding parallel connection before logical, by all winding voltage clamps of transformer in zero electricity It is flat, it is corresponding so that secondary synchronous rectifier both end voltage is equal to output voltage, to be closed before primary side power switch tube is opened Disconnected secondary synchronous rectifier eliminates primary side power switch tube and the common possibility of secondary synchronous rectifier.And it is whole when synchronizing Stream inverse-excitation type DC-to-dc converter is operated under discontinuous conduct mode or electric current critical discontinuous mode, due to conventional detection The control mode of the negative pressure of secondary synchronous rectifier both end voltage can in advance close before primary side power switch tube is opened Disconnected secondary synchronous rectifier, therefore apparatus and method of the present invention is still applicable in.
Circuit structure of the present invention and its implementation, there is clear advantage compared with the existing technology;It only need to be The low pressure auxiliary switch of transformer auxiliary winding both ends parallel connection small-power, low cost, you can synchronized using the secondary side of the prior art Rectification control technology is realized without common risk, compatible discontinuous conduct mode, electric current critical discontinuous mode and continuous current mode The drive signal generation logic circuit of synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-to-dc converter, auxiliary switch is simple.Further, it assists The control circuit of switch and its drive signal generation circuit and conventional flyback converter is desirably integrated among same chip, Further decrease installation cost.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows that a kind of synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC of the synchronous commutating control circuit using the prior art turns Parallel operation;
Fig. 2 shows circuits shown in Fig. 1 to be operated in the key waveforms under discontinuous conduct mode;
Fig. 3 shows the key waveforms that circuit shown in Fig. 1 is operated under continuous current mode;
Fig. 4 shows synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-to-dc converter the first specific embodiment schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 shows that the first specific embodiment of the synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-to-dc converter of the present invention uses first Kind auxiliary switch control mode is operated in the specific waveform under continuous current mode;
Fig. 6 shows that the first specific embodiment of the synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-to-dc converter of the present invention uses first Kind auxiliary switch control mode is operated in the specific waveform under discontinuous conduct mode;
Fig. 7 shows that the first specific embodiment of the synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-to-dc converter of the present invention uses second Kind auxiliary switch control mode is operated in the specific waveform under continuous current mode;
Fig. 8 shows that the first specific embodiment of the synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-to-dc converter of the present invention uses third Kind auxiliary switch control mode is operated in the specific waveform under continuous current mode;
Fig. 9 shows the second specific embodiment schematic diagram of the synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-to-dc converter of the present invention;
Figure 10 shows the specific embodiment of the auxiliary switch of the synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-to-dc converter of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.Pass through the description to the specific embodiment of the invention, Ke Yigeng Add the feature and details that should be readily appreciated that the present invention.Well known embodiment and operational means not detailed herein, so as not to it is mixed The various implementer's cases for the present invention of confusing still to those skilled in the art, it is specific to lack one or more Details or component do not influence the understanding of the present invention and implementation.
" embodiment " or " one embodiment " described in this specification refers to being described in conjunction with the embodiments included in this hair Specific features, structure, embodiment and feature in bright at least one embodiment.Therefore, it is mentioned in specification different places When " in one embodiment ", not necessarily referring to the same embodiment.These features, structure or characteristic can be with any suitable Mode combines in one or more embodiments.
Fig. 4 is the circuit signal of the first specific embodiment of the synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-to-dc converter of the present invention Figure, the synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-to-dc converter include circuit of reversed excitation 200 and auxiliary switch Qa, further, described same It further includes synchronous commutating control circuit 100 to walk rectification inverse-excitation type DC-to-dc converter.
Wherein, the circuit of reversed excitation 200 includes:
Input circuit, including primary side power switch tube Q1 receive DC input voitage Vin;Two of the input circuit Input terminal is separately connected the source electrode of the Same Name of Ends and primary side power tube Q1 of the primary side power winding Wp of transformer T, the original of transformer T The anode of the termination DC input voitage Vin of the same name of side power winding Wp, the source electrode of primary side power tube Q1 connect DC input voitage The negative terminal of Vin, the drain electrode of primary side power switch tube Q1 connect the different name end of transformer T primary side power windings Wp, primary side power switch The grid of pipe Q1 receives control signal Vg1;
Transformer T includes at least a primary side power winding Wp, a pair side power winding Ws and an auxiliary winding Wa;
Output circuit, including secondary synchronous rectifier QSRWith output capacitance Co, the secondary side power winding Ws of the transformer T Different name termination output capacitance Co anode, the secondary synchronous rectification in the termination pair of the same name of power winding Ws of the transformer T Pipe QSRDrain electrode, the secondary synchronous rectifier QSRSource electrode meet the cathode of output capacitance Co, the secondary synchronous rectifier QSR Grid receive control signal Vg_SR.
The auxiliary switch Qa is in parallel with the auxiliary winding Wa of transformer T, a termination transformer T of the auxiliary switch Qa Auxiliary winding Wa different name end, the Same Name of Ends of the auxiliary winding Wa of another termination transformer T of the auxiliary switch Qa is described The control terminal of auxiliary switch Qa receives control signal Vga.
The ends the VD secondary synchronous rectifier Q of the synchronous commutating control circuit 100SRDrain electrode, the secondary side of GND terminations synchronizes whole Flow tube QSRSource electrode, VG terminates secondary synchronous rectifier QSRGrid.
For the convenience of description, the number of turns and pair side power winding Ws that the turn ratio n for defining transformer T is primary side power winding Wp The ratio between the number of turns, be also in this way, no longer individually definition in the other embodiments of this specification.
It is operated in the with reference to the first specific embodiment of the synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-to-dc converter of the present invention of figure 5 A kind of synchronous rectification of specific waveform and the prior art shown in FIG. 1 under the continuous current mode of auxiliary switch control mode Control circuit 100:
At the t1 moment, primary side power switch tube Q1 shutdowns, the energy transfer being stored in transformer T arrives output loop, original Side electric current Ip declines, and secondary current Is rises, secondary synchronous rectifier QSRBody diode be conducted through secondary current Is so that Secondary synchronous rectifier QSRThe voltage Vds_QSR at both ends is equal to the pressure drop of negative body diode.Synchronous rectification according to figure 1 The operation principle of control circuit 100 is it is found that due to secondary synchronous rectifier QSRBody diode pressure drop less than synchronous rectification control The internal reference voltage VTH1 of circuit 100,101 output switching activity of comparator make 103 set of trigger, the output warp of trigger 103 Driving circuit 104 sends secondary synchronous rectifier Q toSRGrid.Considering 100 internal logic circuit of synchronous commutating control circuit At the t2 moment after the delay Td1 of generation, it is high level, control that secondary synchronous rectifier, which controls signal Vg_SR by low level overturning, Secondary synchronous rectifier Q processedSRConducting.In secondary synchronous rectifier QSRIt is secondary as secondary current Is electric currents decline during conducting Synchronous rectifier QSRThe voltage Vds_SR at both ends rises, but since circuit is operated in electric current continuous state, Vds_SR is not up to To reference voltage V TH2;
At the t3 moment, the control signal Vga of auxiliary switch Qa is high level, and control auxiliary switch Qa is connected, transformer T's Auxiliary winding Wa is by Qa short circuits, since each windings of transformer T intercouple, the primary side power winding Wp of transformer T and secondary side work( Rate winding Ws both end voltages are also zero or are approximately zero, secondary synchronous rectifier QSRThe voltage Vds_SR at both ends is also accordingly equal to defeated Go out voltage Vo, to be higher than reference voltage V TH2,102 output switching activity of comparator, make trigger 103 reset, trigger 103 it is defeated Go out and sends secondary synchronous rectifier Q to through driving circuit 104SRGrid.Considering 100 internal logic of synchronous commutating control circuit At the t4 moment after the delay Td2 that circuit generates, it is low electricity that secondary synchronous rectifier, which controls signal Vg_SR by high level overturning, It is flat, control secondary synchronous rectifier QSRShutdown, meanwhile, the energy transfer stored in transformer T to auxiliary winding Wa, and through assist Switch Qa constitutes circulation loop;
At the t5 moment, it is low level that the control signal Vga of auxiliary switch Qa is overturn by high level, and auxiliary switch Qa is turned off, The short-circuit effect of each winding of transformer T releases;In the same time or pass through after a bit of delay, primary side power switch tube Q1's Grid signal is high level, primary side power switch tube Q1 conductings, in the auxiliary winding Wa and auxiliary of transformer T by low level overturning The energy transfer of switch Qa cycle is to transformer primary side power winding Wp so that primary current Ip generates certain initial value;In original During side power switch tube Q1 is connected, transformer T is given at the primary side power both ends winding Wp that DC input voitage V1 is added in transformer T Magnetizing inductance excitation, primary current Ip begins to ramp up.
By analyzing above as it can be seen that under continuous current mode, synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC electricity proposed by the present invention Supply changeover device has turned off secondary synchronous rectifier in advance before primary side power switch tube is opened, and eliminates primary side power switch Pipe and the common possibility of secondary synchronous rectifier, transformer primary side not will produce common electric current, but synchronous rectification control is electric The delay Td2 on road 100 causes the common section of a length of Td2 in the presence of secondary synchronous rectifier QSR and auxiliary switch Qa, in this phase Between, transformer secondary side current Is, which is also possible that, can be declined to become negative value, increase circuit loss.But relatively traditional synchronous rectification Inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment, due to common, the circuit that eliminates primary side power switch tube and secondary synchronous rectifier Loss substantially reduces, and the not risk of component damage.
First is used with reference to the first specific embodiment of the synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-to-dc converter of 6 present invention of figure Synchronizing for specific waveform that kind of auxiliary switch control mode is operated under discontinuous conduct mode and the prior art shown in FIG. 1 is whole Flow control circuit 100:
At the t1 moment, primary side power switch tube Q1 shutdowns, the energy transfer being stored in transformer T arrives output loop, original Side electric current Ip declines, and secondary current Is rises, secondary synchronous rectifier QSRBody diode be conducted through secondary current Is so that Secondary synchronous rectifier QSRThe voltage Vds_QSR at both ends is equal to the pressure drop of negative body diode.Synchronous rectification according to figure 1 The operation principle of control circuit 100 is it is found that due to secondary synchronous rectifier QSRBody diode pressure drop less than synchronous rectification control The internal reference voltage VTH1 of circuit 100,101 output switching activity of comparator make 103 set of trigger, the output warp of trigger 103 Driving circuit 104 sends secondary synchronous rectifier Q toSRGrid.Considering 100 internal logic circuit of synchronous commutating control circuit At the t2 moment after the delay Td1 of generation, it is high level, control that secondary synchronous rectifier, which controls signal Vg_SR by low level overturning, Secondary synchronous rectifier QSRConducting;As secondary synchronous rectifier QSRConducting, as secondary current Is electric currents decline, secondary side synchronizes Rectifying tube QSRThe voltage Vds_SR at both ends rises.At the t3 moment, Vds_SR reaches reference voltage V TH2, and the output of comparator 102 is turned over Turn, trigger 103 is made to reset, the output of trigger 103 sends secondary synchronous rectifier Q to through driving circuit 104SRGrid. T4 moment after considering the delay Td2 of 100 internal logic circuit of synchronous commutating control circuit generation, secondary synchronous rectifier Control signal Vg_SR by high level overturning be low level, control secondary synchronous rectifier QSRShutdown, secondary synchronous rectifier QSRBody diode be conducted through secondary current Is;
At the t5 moment, secondary current Is drops to zero, magnetizing inductance and the both ends primary side power switch tube Q1 of transformer T Equivalent capacity vibrates;
At the t6 moment, the control signal Vga of auxiliary switch Qa is high level, and control auxiliary switch Qa is connected, transformer T's Auxiliary winding Wa is by Qa short circuits, since each windings of transformer T intercouple, the primary side power winding Wp of transformer T and secondary side work( Rate winding Ws both end voltages are also zero or are approximately zero, secondary synchronous rectifier QSRThe voltage Vds_SR at both ends is also accordingly equal to defeated Go out voltage Vo.Due to having been overturn as low level in the control signal Vg_SR of t4 moment secondary synchronous rectifiers, auxiliary is opened Closing the action of Qa does not influence the state of Vg_SR;
At the t7 moment, it is low level, each winding of transformer T that the control signal Vga of auxiliary switch Qa is overturn by high level Short-circuit effect release, at the t7 moment, the control signal Vg1 of primary side power switch Q1 is high level, direct current by low level overturning Input voltage V1 is added in magnetizing inductance excitation of the primary side power both ends winding Wp to transformer T of transformer T, primary current Ip from Zero begins to ramp up.
By analyzing above as it can be seen that under discontinuous conduct mode, auxiliary switch Qa is to secondary synchronous rectifier QSRNormal work Make no any influence, therefore the control signal of shielding auxiliary switch Qa can also be selected under discontinuous conduct mode so that is auxiliary Switch Qa is helped not work.
Second is used with reference to the first specific embodiment of the synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-to-dc converter of 7 present invention of figure Synchronizing for specific waveform that kind of auxiliary switch control mode is operated under continuous current mode and the prior art shown in FIG. 1 is whole Flow control circuit 100:
At the t3 moment, the control signal Vga of auxiliary switch Qa becomes high level from low level, and control auxiliary switch Qa is led Logical, the auxiliary winding Wa of transformer T is by Qa short circuits, since each windings of transformer T intercouple, the primary side power of transformer T around Power winding Ws both end voltages are also zero or are approximately zero for group Wp and secondary side, and secondary current Is is begun to decline, secondary side synchronous rectification Pipe QSRThe voltage Vds_SR at both ends is begun to ramp up equal to output voltage Vo, and to be higher than reference voltage V TH2, comparator 102 is defeated Go out overturning, trigger 103 is made to reset, the output of trigger 103 sends secondary synchronous rectifier Q to through driving circuit 104SRGrid Pole.At the t4 moment, the control signal Vga of auxiliary switch Qa becomes low level, the Qa shutdowns of control auxiliary switch, auxiliary from high level The short-circuit effect of switch releases, and primary side power switch tube Q1 both end voltages rise, and secondary current Is is begun to ramp up, and secondary side synchronizes whole Flow tube QSRMaintain conducting.In the t5 after considering the delay Td2 of 100 internal logic circuit of synchronous commutating control circuit generation It carves, secondary synchronous rectifier QSRControl signal Vg_SR by high level overturning be low level, control secondary synchronous rectifier QSR Shutdown, secondary synchronous rectifier QSRBody diode flow through secondary current Is, secondary synchronous rectifier QSRBoth ends pressure drop be less than Reference voltage V TH1, but due to the effect of the minimum turn-off time module inside synchronous commutating control circuit 100, secondary side synchronizes Rectifying tube QSRRemain on shutdown.At the t6 moment, it is high level that the grid signal of primary side power switch tube Q1 is overturn by low level, The Q1 conductings of primary side power switch tube, secondary side energy transfer to primary side so that primary current Ip generates certain initial value;In primary side work( During the Q1 conductings of rate switching tube, DC input voitage V1 is added in the primary side power both ends winding Wp the swashing to transformer T of transformer T Magnetoelectricity sense excitation, primary current Ip are begun to ramp up.
Similarly, the present invention shown in Fig. 7 is operated in using second of auxiliary switch control mode under discontinuous conduct mode, Auxiliary switch Qa is to secondary synchronous rectifier QSRThe no any influence of normal work, no longer detailed analysis here.
The present invention shown in Fig. 7 is auxiliary using the first with the present invention shown in Fig. 5 using second of auxiliary switch control mode Switch control mode is helped to compare, since what the pulse width of auxiliary switch Qa can be arranged is less than prolonging for synchronous commutating control circuit When Td2, therefore the common turn-on time smaller of transformer secondary and auxiliary winding circuit, to reduce circuit loss.
Third is used with reference to the first specific embodiment of the synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-to-dc converter of 8 present invention of figure Synchronizing for specific waveform that kind of auxiliary switch control mode is operated under continuous current mode and the prior art shown in FIG. 1 is whole Flow control circuit 100:
At the t3 moment, the control signal Vga of auxiliary switch Qa becomes high level from low level, and control auxiliary switch Qa is led Logical, the auxiliary winding Wa of transformer T is by Qa short circuits, since each windings of transformer T intercouple, the primary side power of transformer T around Power winding Ws both end voltages are also zero or are approximately zero for group Wp and secondary side, and secondary current Is is begun to decline, secondary side synchronous rectification Pipe QSRThe voltage Vds_SR at both ends is begun to ramp up equal to output voltage Vo, and to be higher than reference voltage V TH2, comparator 102 is defeated Go out overturning, trigger 103 is made to reset, the output of trigger 103 sends secondary synchronous rectifier Q to through driving circuit 104SRGrid Pole.At the t4 moment, the control signal Vga of auxiliary switch Qa becomes low level, the Qa shutdowns of control auxiliary switch, auxiliary from high level The short-circuit effect of switch releases, and primary side power switch tube Q1 both end voltages rise, and secondary current Is is begun to ramp up, and secondary side synchronizes whole Flow tube QSRMaintain conducting.In the t5 after considering the delay Td2 of 100 internal logic circuit of synchronous commutating control circuit generation It carves, secondary synchronous rectifier QSRControl signal Vg_SR by high level overturning be low level, control secondary synchronous rectifier QSR Shutdown, secondary synchronous rectifier QSRBody diode flow through secondary current Is, secondary synchronous rectifier QSRBoth ends pressure drop be less than Reference voltage V TH1, but due to the effect of the minimum turn-off time module inside synchronous commutating control circuit 100, secondary side synchronizes Rectifying tube QSRRemain on shutdown.At the t6 moment, the control signal Vga of auxiliary switch Qa becomes high level from low level again, Auxiliary switch Qa conductings are controlled, the auxiliary winding Wa of transformer T is by Qa short circuits, since each windings of transformer T intercouple, transformation The primary side power winding Wp of device T and secondary side power winding Ws both end voltages are also zero or are approximately zero, under secondary current Is starts Drop, secondary synchronous rectifier QSRThe voltage Vds_SR at both ends is begun to ramp up equal to output voltage Vo, primary side power switch tube two The voltage Vds_Q1 at end drops to equal to input voltage vin.At the t7 moment, the grid signal of primary side power switch tube Q1 is by low electricity Flat overturning is high level, the Q1 conductings of primary side power switch tube, secondary side energy transfer to primary side so that primary current Ip generates certain Initial value;During the Q1 conductings of primary side power switch tube, DC input voitage V1 is added in the primary side power winding Wp two of transformer T It holds to the magnetizing inductance excitation of transformer T, primary current Ip is begun to ramp up.
Similarly, the present invention shown in Fig. 8 is operated in using the third auxiliary switch control mode under discontinuous conduct mode, Auxiliary switch Qa is to secondary synchronous rectifier QSRThe no any influence of normal work, no longer detailed analysis here.
The present invention shown in Fig. 8 is auxiliary using second with the present invention shown in Fig. 7 using the third auxiliary switch control mode Switch control mode is helped to compare, auxiliary switch Qa is turned on twice before primary side power switch tube is opened, and is connected at second The voltage Vds_Q1 of period, the both ends primary side power switch tube Q1 drop to equal to input voltage vin, therefore in primary side power switch Pipe Q1 can reduce the loss of primary side power switch tube Q1 when opening.
Fig. 9 is the circuit signal of the second specific embodiment of the synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-to-dc converter of the present invention Figure, the synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-to-dc converter include circuit of reversed excitation 200 and auxiliary switch Qa, further, described same It further includes synchronous commutating control circuit 100 to walk rectification inverse-excitation type DC-to-dc converter.
Wherein, the circuit of reversed excitation 200 includes:
Input circuit, including primary side power switch tube Q1 receive DC input voitage Vin;Two of the input circuit Input terminal is separately connected the different name end of the drain electrode of primary side power switch tube Q1 and the primary side power winding Wp of transformer T, primary side work( The drain electrode of rate switching tube Q1 connects the anode of DC input voitage Vin, and the different name of the primary side power winding Wp of transformer T terminates direct current The negative terminal of input voltage vin, the source electrode of primary side power switch tube Q1 connect the Same Name of Ends of transformer T primary side power windings, primary side work( The grid of rate switching tube Q1 receives control signal Vg1;
Transformer T, including primary side power winding Wp, secondary side power winding Ws and auxiliary winding Wa;
Output circuit, including secondary synchronous rectifier QSRWith output capacitance Co, the secondary side power winding Ws of the transformer T Different name termination output capacitance Co anode, the secondary synchronous rectification in the termination pair of the same name of power winding Ws of the transformer T Pipe QSRDrain electrode, the secondary synchronous rectifier QSRSource electrode meet the cathode of output capacitance Co, the secondary synchronous rectifier QSR Grid receive control signal Vg_SR.
The auxiliary switch Qa is in parallel with the auxiliary winding Wa of transformer T, a termination transformer T of the auxiliary switch Qa Auxiliary winding Wa different name end, the Same Name of Ends of the auxiliary winding Wa of another termination transformer T of the auxiliary switch Qa is described The control terminal of auxiliary switch Qa receives control signal Vga.
The ends the VD secondary synchronous rectifier Q of the synchronous commutating control circuit 100SRDrain electrode, the secondary side of GND terminations synchronizes whole Flow tube QSRSource electrode, VG terminates secondary synchronous rectifier QSRGrid.
Second specific embodiment of the synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-to-dc converter of the present invention shown in Fig. 9 shows with Fig. 4 Synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type the first specific embodiment of DC-to-dc converter of the present invention gone out differs only in circuit of reversed excitation The control mode of structure different from, the course of work and secondary synchronous rectifier is essentially identical, and which is not described herein again.
Several specific embodiments of auxiliary switch Qa in the present invention with reference to shown in figure 10.Auxiliary switch Qa can be single A semiconductor devices bipolar transistor as shown in Figure 10 (a) with two-way blocking-up ability, the current collection of the bipolar transistor Pole is connected to the different name end of the auxiliary winding Wa of transformer T, the emitter of the bipolar transistor as the ends A of auxiliary switch Qa The ends B as auxiliary switch Qa are connected to the Same Name of Ends of the auxiliary winding Wa of transformer T, the base stage conduct of the bipolar transistor The control terminal C of auxiliary switch Qa receives control signal Vga.
Auxiliary switch Qa may be the combination switch for multiple semiconductor devices composition that Figure 10 (b)~(c) is shown.With reference to Figure 10 (b), the auxiliary switch Qa are the combination switches that the MOSFET Qa1 and Qa2 reversely concatenated by two is constituted.Wherein, The source electrode of Qa1 is connected to the different name end of the auxiliary winding Wa of transformer T, the leakage of drain electrode and Qa2 as the ends A of auxiliary switch Qa Pole connects, and the source electrode of Qa2 is connected to the Same Name of Ends of the auxiliary winding Wa of transformer T, Qa1 and Qa2 as the ends B of auxiliary switch Qa Grid be connected with each other to receive as the control terminal C of auxiliary switch Qa and control signal Vga;With reference to figure 10 (c), the auxiliary switch A specific embodiment of Qa is the combination switch being made of a diode Db and a MOSFET Qb.Wherein, the anode of Db The ends A as auxiliary switch Qa are connected to the different name end of the auxiliary winding Wa of transformer T, and the drain electrode of the cathode and Qb of Db connects, The source electrode of Qb is connected to the Same Name of Ends of the auxiliary winding Wa of transformer T as the ends B of auxiliary switch Qa, and the grid of Qb is as auxiliary The control terminal C of switch Qa receives control signal Vga.
The above-mentioned detailed description of the embodiment of the present invention is not exhaustive or above-mentioned clear for limiting the present invention to It is formal.It is above-mentioned the particular embodiment of the present invention and example are illustrated with schematic purpose while, those skilled in the art It will appreciate that and carry out various equivalent modifications within the scope of the invention.
Present invention enlightenment provided here is not necessarily applied in above system, is also applied to other systems In.The element of above-mentioned various embodiments and effect can be combined to provide more embodiments.
Can be modified to the present invention according to above-mentioned detailed description, description above describe the present invention particular implementation No matter example and while describe anticipated optimal set pattern, hereinbefore occur how being described in detail, can also many sides Formula implements the present invention.The details of foregoing circuit structure and its control mode can carry out considerable change in it executes details Change, however it is still contained in the present invention disclosed herein.
It should be noted that used specific term is not when illustrating the certain features or scheme of the present invention as described above It should be used to indicate to redefine the term herein to limit certain certain features, feature with the relevant present invention of the term Or scheme.In short, the term that used in appended claims should not be construed to limit the invention to illustrate Specific embodiment disclosed in book, unless above-mentioned detailed description part explicitly defines these terms.Therefore, reality of the invention Border range includes not only the disclosed embodiments, further includes the present invention is practiced or carried out under claims all etc. Efficacious prescriptions case.
While describing certain schemes of the present invention in the form of certain specific rights requirements below, inventor carefully examines Many claim forms of various schemes of the invention are considered.Therefore, inventor increases appended claims after being retained in submission application It is required that right, to related in the form of these accessory claims the present invention other schemes.
The present invention also provides the same of a kind of compatible discontinuous conduct mode, electric current critical discontinuous mode and continuous current mode sum Walk the control method of rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment:
Step 1:Synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment generates the control of primary side power switch tube respectively The control signal of signal and auxiliary switch;
Step 2:Auxiliary switch is connected the time once or twice before primary side power switch tube is opened and to open in auxiliary Transformer auxiliary winding is short-circuited during closing conducting;
Step 3:Synchronous commutating control circuit generates synchronous rectifier according to the voltage signal at secondary synchronous rectifier both ends Control signal.

Claims (11)

1. a kind of synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment, it is characterised in that:Including:Circuit of reversed excitation and auxiliary Switch;Circuit of reversed excitation includes an input circuit, an output circuit and a transformer;The input circuit includes primary side Power switch tube, the input circuit receive DC input voitage, give transformer-supplied, primary side power switch tube and the change Depressor primary side power windings in series;The secondary side power winding coupled of output circuit and the transformer, by the transformer in institute It states the energy discharged during the shutdown of primary side power switch tube and generates a direct current in the output port of the output circuit, provide To load;The auxiliary switch is in parallel with the auxiliary winding of transformer.
2. a kind of synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: The DC input voitage of the input circuit is the straight of the DC voltage that directly exports of DC power supply or the output of other conversion circuits Galvanic electricity pressure, the DC input voitage are that the alternating voltage of power grid passes through the constant DC voltage of diode rectifier circuit output Or sinusoidal half-wave voltage.
3. a kind of synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: One termination DC input voitage anode of transformer primary side power winding, the other end and the primary side work(of transformer primary side power winding The drain electrode of rate switching tube connects, and the source electrode of primary side power switch tube connects DC input voitage cathode, transformer secondary power winding One end and the drain electrode at the ends VD of synchronous commutating control circuit, secondary synchronous rectifier connect, the grid of secondary synchronous rectifier It is connect with the ends VG of synchronous commutating control circuit, the other end of transformer secondary power winding and one end of capacitance Co, load One end connects, and the source electrode of the other end of capacitance Co and the other end of load, secondary synchronous rectifier connects;The auxiliary switch with The auxiliary winding of transformer is in parallel.
4. a kind of synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: The source electrode of one termination primary side power switch tube of transformer primary side power winding, the drain electrode of primary side power switch tube connect direct current input Positive polarity, the cathode of another termination DC input voitage of transformer primary side power winding, transformer secondary power winding The drain electrode at one end and the ends VD of synchronous commutating control circuit, secondary synchronous rectifier connects, the grid of secondary synchronous rectifier with The ends the VG connection of synchronous commutating control circuit, the other end of transformer secondary power winding and one end of capacitance Co, one loaded The source electrode connection of end connection, the other end of capacitance Co and the other end of load, secondary synchronous rectifier;The auxiliary switch and change The auxiliary winding of depressor is in parallel.
5. a kind of synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: The auxiliary switch is the semiconductor devices with two-way blocking-up ability.
6. a kind of synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: The auxiliary switch is the combination switch that diode is constituted with metal oxide semiconductor field effect tube, direction and the gold of diode The direction for belonging to oxide semiconductor field effect tube body diode is opposite.
7. a kind of synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: The auxiliary switch is the combination switch that the metal oxide semiconductor field effect tube of two differential concatenations is constituted.
8. a kind of synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: The time of the auxiliary switch conducting is control electricity fixed or by synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment Road is adjusted according to the working condition of circuit.
9. a kind of synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: The excitation current of the transformer is operated in on-off state, continuous state or critical discontinuous state.
10. a kind of control method of synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, this method specifically includes following steps:
Step 1:Synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment generates the control signal of primary side power switch tube respectively With the control signal of auxiliary switch;
Step 2:Auxiliary switch is connected once or twice before primary side power switch tube is opened so that when auxiliary switch is connected Interior transformer primary side power winding is short-circuited;
Step 3:Synchronous commutating control circuit generates synchronous rectifier control according to the voltage signal at secondary synchronous rectifier both ends Signal.
11. a kind of control method of synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment according to claim 10, It is characterized in that, auxiliary switch is operated in the electric current progressive die in the synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type DC-DC power conversion equipment When formula, be connected once or twice before primary side power switch tube is opened;Auxiliary switch is in the synchronous rectification inverse-excitation type direct current- When apparatus for converting DC power is operated in discontinuous conduct mode or electric current critical discontinuous mode, it is opened in primary side power switch tube Preceding conducting is primary, twice or is not turned on.
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CN111934557A (en) * 2020-09-28 2020-11-13 广东希荻微电子有限公司 Synchronous rectification circuit and power conversion device
CN113131745A (en) * 2021-03-16 2021-07-16 广州金升阳科技有限公司 Control method and control circuit of flyback power supply
CN113708631A (en) * 2021-03-16 2021-11-26 广州金升阳科技有限公司 Flyback converter and control method and control device thereof
CN113809950A (en) * 2021-08-26 2021-12-17 南京航空航天大学 Piezoelectric semi-active control device based on flyback transformer
CN114142560A (en) * 2021-11-29 2022-03-04 东莞新能安科技有限公司 Protection circuit, battery management system, battery pack and electric equipment

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CN101453169A (en) * 2008-12-02 2009-06-10 广州金升阳科技有限公司 Self-oscillation starting output end controlled anti exciting converter
CN101588129A (en) * 2009-06-30 2009-11-25 南京航空航天大学 A kind of multiple input flyback converter
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111934557A (en) * 2020-09-28 2020-11-13 广东希荻微电子有限公司 Synchronous rectification circuit and power conversion device
CN113131745A (en) * 2021-03-16 2021-07-16 广州金升阳科技有限公司 Control method and control circuit of flyback power supply
CN113708631A (en) * 2021-03-16 2021-11-26 广州金升阳科技有限公司 Flyback converter and control method and control device thereof
CN113809950A (en) * 2021-08-26 2021-12-17 南京航空航天大学 Piezoelectric semi-active control device based on flyback transformer
CN113809950B (en) * 2021-08-26 2023-01-06 南京航空航天大学 Piezoelectric semi-active control device based on flyback transformer
CN114142560A (en) * 2021-11-29 2022-03-04 东莞新能安科技有限公司 Protection circuit, battery management system, battery pack and electric equipment

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