CN111725948B - Cooling system based on hydropower station plane cooler, and control method and system - Google Patents
Cooling system based on hydropower station plane cooler, and control method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111725948B CN111725948B CN202010558179.8A CN202010558179A CN111725948B CN 111725948 B CN111725948 B CN 111725948B CN 202010558179 A CN202010558179 A CN 202010558179A CN 111725948 B CN111725948 B CN 111725948B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
- H02K9/193—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil with provision for replenishing the cooling medium; with means for preventing leakage of the cooling medium
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydropower station cooling, and discloses a cooling system based on a hydropower station plane cooler, and a control method and a system thereof. Welding the two semicircular heat pipes on the pressure steel pipe in an involutory manner, forming a sealed space between the manufactured heat pipes and the pressure steel pipe, and adding medium water into a filling heat pipe and cooling water technical water supply system from a cooling water replenishing port; during operation, a large amount of low-temperature power generation water in the pressure steel pipe flows through the pressure pipeline, heat exchange is carried out between the outer surface of the pressure pipeline and medium fluid high-temperature water in the heat pipe, the specific gravity of the medium fluid losing heat is increased and sinks to enter a unit cooling system through a cooling water main water inlet valve, and the medium fluid in the unit cooling system circulates to take away the heat in oil and a stator cooler so that the temperature of each bearing and each stator is reduced and stable operation is kept. The invention improves the reliability and reduces the water supply cost and the operation cost; and no cooling water is discharged outside the unit, so that the pollution of a hydropower station cooling water system to the river water environment is eliminated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydropower station cooling, and particularly relates to a working method of a low-water-head large-flow hydropower station technical water supply system adopting a concrete pressure pipeline or an open-trough type water turbine generator set, a novel cooling system and a hydropower station unit control system.
Background
Currently, the closest prior art: the stator winding generates heat due to current passing through the generator in the running process, the stator core generates heat due to hysteresis eddy current loss, and the generator water cooler fixed on the stator base is adopted to take away heat, namely, the stator base is provided with the water-cooled air cooler, so that air is cooled by the cooler and then enters the winding and the core of the stator and the rotor through the air draft of the generator to achieve a better cooling effect, and the cooling of the cooler is still carried out by introducing cooling water into a cooler pipeline; the traditional method is that a spiral copper pipe is arranged in an oil basin, cooling water is introduced into the pipe, and the pipe is cooled by the water, and is lubricated by cooling oil and a cooling tile. The water coolers of the guide bearings and the water cooler of the stator of the generator are supplied by a manufacturer of a main engine of the generator, and are connected and installed on site to introduce (discharge) cooling water from a water inlet (outlet) of the cooling water main. The host manufacturer should be in the host technical conditionThe cooling water consumption and the requirement of the unit are shown, if the cooling water requirement of the 3000KW vertical hydraulic generator is as follows: 30m 3 H, inlet pressure of cooling water is 0.2Kg/cm 2 The inlet temperature of the cooling water is not higher than 25 DEG/C. From an external well, about 35m high and 50m 3 The water tower, the water tower water pump, the water filter, the valve, the cooling water automation element, the cooling water pipeline and the like form an external cooling water technical water supply system, and the cooling water technical water supply system of the hydropower station is the most important auxiliary system in the hydropower station and is also the most easily interfered system in a plurality of auxiliary systems of the hydropower station. The technical water supply system can not work normally, and the hydraulic generator set can only be shut down immediately within minutes. In the running process, whether water in a cooling water pipe flows or not needs to be monitored, the pressure of an inlet and an outlet of the cooling water pipe needs to be monitored, the temperature of a cooling object needs to be monitored, and the like, and the running regulations stipulate that once the cooling water system fails, the temperature of a bearing rises to 65 ℃, an alarm is immediately started, and when the temperature reaches 75 ℃, an accident shutdown is immediately started.
When there is no underground water resource, the pressure forebay is used to take water or the pressure steel pipe is used to filter and supply cooling water, and when the pressure in the forebay of low head power station is insufficient, the water is pumped from tail water and supplied through a water filter. When the system reaches a relative balance state, the system is in a stable state, and the temperature of the stator, the rotor winding and the stator core is relatively constant. Once the cooling water is interrupted, the temperature of the stator and rotor windings and the iron core of the generator is inevitably increased or overhigh, the insulation of the windings is accelerated to age so as to cause insulation damage, and the insulation of the windings is damaged even burned; insulation damage between stator iron core sheets causes local damage of the iron core, and the iron core is difficult to repair. In developed countries (China is gradually implemented at present), the requirement on environmental protection is high, and cooling water entering a unit is considered to be polluted water regardless of mixing of other components, and is not allowed to be directly discharged into a tail water river channel. Well digging is carried out, and underground water level reduction, surface subsidence, foundation inclination of ground buildings and the like are caused by pumping a large amount of underground water; the department of homeland resources will stop the interference; gradually requiring groundwater extraction for charging; the energy consumption of continuous pumping for 24 hours a day is remarkable; the water is taken from the pressure forebay and the tail water is pumped, so that energy is consumed, the river channel inflow water is turbid in summer, a large amount of floating garbage exists in the river channel inflow water in a flood period, the river channel inflow water in a high-altitude area in winter contains a large amount of semi-floating and semi-sinking ice particles to block a cooling water inlet and a water filter, and particularly, the water filter and a valve are blocked and frozen frequently in winter, so that a generator cannot run without cooling water, and faults are difficult to remove.
The existing water supply system adopting the technology has high energy consumption, high failure rate, difficult maintenance and troubleshooting and large manpower consumption. The problem of low reliability of the technical water supply system can not be solved completely though the material and financial resources are still remained; the environmental problem that the cooling water is polluted water cannot be solved. The technical water supply system of the modern hydroelectric power plant is a weak link which seriously influences the power generation reliability of a power station and the water pollution of a river channel.
In summary, the problems of the prior art are as follows: the existing adopted technical water supply system has the problems of high energy consumption, high failure rate, difficulty in overhauling and troubleshooting, large manpower consumption, material resources, financial resources and low reliability of the water supply system.
The difficulty of solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention well solves the problems, theoretically utilizes the low-temperature water in the power generation flow channel to exchange energy through the plane cooler to cool each bearing and the stator air cooler, and the energy used by the air cooler is the internal energy of the temperature difference of the power generation water, belonging to the expansion of energy use; the potential energy (impact type unit) or the kinetic energy (impact type unit) of the hydroelectric generation is not influenced at all. The cooling system formed by the novel plane cooler which is technically improved still uses the original unit cooling water main water inlet valve for water inlet and the original main water outlet valve for water outlet, and does not change any structure of the cooling system in the original unit; the water quality entering the main water inlet of the unit is greatly superior to the working condition that the silt pumped by the original well and the river channel abrades the cooling copper pipe of the unit, and even a plurality of accidents caused by the abrasion of the copper pipe of the original unit cooler by the silt can be basically eliminated; the plane cooler with the shape completely matched with the gate chamber flow channel is manufactured and fixed on two sides of the gate chamber and the bottom plate by adopting expansion bolts, so that the strength and the rigidity of the original pressure pipeline are not influenced; the invention theoretically realizes energy conservation, does not affect and is superior to the working state of the original system, can be successfully manufactured and installed, and has low cost and no great technical difficulty.
The plane cooler occupies the flow passage area because the plane cooler is arranged on the side walls and the bottom plates on the two sides of the lock chamber or in the pressure pipeline. The width of a forebay lock chamber and the size of the section of the pressure pipeline can be properly increased during the design of a newly-built power station, and even the direct supply of the standard parts in the reinforced concrete pressure pipeline from a factory can be considered; lining the transport to site in place followed by lining the outside to tie the rebar. The improved unit is not suitable for occupying the size of a flow channel in a reinforced concrete pressure pipeline, but the gate chamber is large in overflowing capacity margin, and high in water depth, so that a plane cooler with a large surface area can be manufactured according to the size of the gate chamber, and a small power station can achieve a good cooling effect by installing the plane cooler on one side.
The method has the advantages that firstly, the technical water supply system of the hydropower station is simplified, the reliability of the technical water supply system is improved, the external reasons that impurities, silt and ice in an external water source water body except for pumping underground water interfere the reliable work of the technical water supply system are thoroughly solved, and the accident shutdown time and the manpower and material resources for organizing emergency repair caused by the failure of the technical water supply system can be greatly reduced; the cost of the water supply system in the prior art is greatly reduced, a large-capacity water pump is not purchased, a water tower and a complex pipeline valve system are not built, and a large amount of investment is saved; greatly reduced prior art water supply system running cost to the best power station of pumping groundwater and having no water body rubbish pollution in present plain area of china calculates, generally needs two 15 KW's water pump, and 24h incessantly pump each day can satisfy the operation requirement, and only electric quantity consumption reaches promptly: 15X 2X 24X 365=262800KWh, even according to 0.4 yuan/KWh, the annual only charges of electricity cost is up to more than one hundred thousand yuan, extract the groundwater 30m 3 According to the cheapest current standard, according to 0.7 yuan/m 3 Similarly, according to 365 days and 24 hours per day, the water cost of underground water reaches more than eighteenten thousand yuan each year, and the equipment purchase cost and the maintenance management cost are not included; the problem that the unit discharges cooling water to the river water body is thoroughly solved in environmental protection, in particular toThe hydropower station in the first-level water source area protection area at the downstream of the ground is not allowed to discharge cooling water to a river channel at present, and the problem of discharging the cooling water out is solved, namely the hydropower station is declared to be necessary to be shut down. The invention discloses a method for mining internal energy of a system from the perspective of energy conservation and emission reduction, which is a preferential development direction of national energy conservation, emission reduction, environmental protection and high efficiency energy policy, and is worthy of great popularization.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a cooling system based on a hydropower station plane cooler, a control method and a system.
The invention is realized in such a way that the hydropower station plane cooler and the control method thereof specifically comprise the following steps:
step one, directly processing a plane cooler in a factory to be installed in a machine set flow channel, installing a modified machine set on two side walls and a bottom plate of a lock chamber behind a front pool trash rack, installing a newly-built machine set on left and right side walls and a bottom plate of a lock chamber behind the trash rack, and also installing the newly-built machine set on four walls of a concrete pressure pipeline as steel lining of the concrete pressure pipeline.
Step two, adding medium water into a sealed space of the manufactured plane cooler from a cooling water replenishing port to fill the plane cooler and a cooling water technical water supply system;
step three, installing a pipeline pump with the same diameter as the water conveying pipe on a pipeline between the lower end of the plane cooler and a cooling water inlet main valve, supplying power to the pipeline pump by using three-phase alternating current, controlling the pipeline pump to start by using a unit LCU before starting, and stopping after stopping;
step four, a large amount of power generation water with low temperature flows through the pressure flow channel in the operation process, heat exchange is carried out between the outer surface of a novel plane cooler installed in the pressure pipeline and medium fluid high-temperature water in the process that a large amount of power generation water with low main flow channel temperature is conveyed through the pressure pipeline, the specific gravity of the medium fluid losing heat is increased and sinks to enter a unit cooling system through a cooling water main water inlet valve, and the medium fluid in the unit cooling system circulates to take away oil and heat in the stator cooler so that each bearing and each stator can reduce the temperature and keep stable operation;
and fifthly, after absorbing heat, the medium fluid of the unit cooling system turns lighter in specific gravity and floats upwards to flow out of the cooling water main water outlet valve, enters the plane cooler through the upper inlet of the plane cooler and is cooled by the power generation water through the outer surface of the plane cooler, and the process is repeated to form medium fluid self-circulation and maintain the stable operation of the water-turbine generator set.
Further, in the fifth step, the opening of the cooling water outlet main valve can be adjusted to adjust the flow rate of the pipeline.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a cooling control system based on a hydropower station plane cooler for implementing the cooling control method based on the hydropower station plane cooler, wherein the cooling control system based on the hydropower station plane cooler is provided with a reinforced concrete pressure pipeline, the plane cooler is sleeved in a lock chamber and a pressure pipeline, the plane cooler is connected with a pipeline circulating pump through a conduit, and the pipeline circulating pump is connected with a main cooling water inlet valve of a unit through a conduit;
the water inlet main valve of the unit cooling water is connected with the water-turbine generator set through a pipeline, and the water-turbine generator set is connected with the water outlet main valve of the unit cooling water through a guide pipe;
the plane cooler is connected with a cold water replenishing valve through a conduit, and a main cooling water outlet valve of the unit is connected with the cold water replenishing valve through a conduit;
and cooling media are filled into the plane cooler and the unit cooling system, and a thrust bearing cooler, a guide bearing cooler and a stator water cooler are arranged in the water-turbine generator set.
Further, the pipeline circulating pump is powered by three-phase alternating current.
Further, the cooling medium may be water or turbine oil, or freon.
The planar cooler is characterized in that a steel plate with the thickness of about 8-10 mm is rolled into the shape of corrugated iron shown in the drawing in a factory, and then the corrugated iron is welded to the steel plate with the thickness of about 12-20 mm through pressure welding (resistance welding), so that a plurality of sealed liquid flow channels are formed between the corrugated iron and a steel bottom plate, and the steel bottom plate and the corrugated iron plate which form the liquid flow channels are the novel planar cooler.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the plane heat dissipation mode cools the generator set, can completely replace the water supply system of the prior cooling technology, cancels the conventional cooling control system based on the plane cooler of the hydropower station, such as a water tower, a water pump, a water filter, a valve, an automatic element and the like, greatly improves the reliability of the cooling system, reduces the technical water supply cost and the operation cost of the hydropower station, greatly reduces the maintenance of the technical water supply system, has obvious energy-saving and consumption-reducing effects, has good environmental protection effect and does not have the problem of cooling polluted water discharge; it also reduces the operational maintenance and management of the critical cooling system that restricts the operation of the hydroelectric power plant. The small-sized cooling control system based on the hydropower station plane cooler is suitable for hydropower stations, has high reliability, high efficiency, energy conservation and environmental protection, highly saves investment, is extremely simple and convenient to use and has a very promising prospect.
The invention rolls a steel plate with the thickness of about 8-10 mm into the shape of corrugated iron in a factory, and then welds the corrugated iron to the steel plate with the thickness of about 12-20 mm by pressure welding (resistance welding), so that a plurality of sealed liquid flow channels are formed between the corrugated iron and a steel bottom plate, and the steel bottom plate and the corrugated iron plate which form the liquid flow channels are the novel plane type cooler. The plane cooler is arranged on two sides of a backwater sluice chamber at a trash rack at a water inlet of a generator set of a front pool of a low-head hydropower station, and a large amount of power generation water with low temperature enters the hydroelectric generating set through the surface of the plane cooler. Adding medium water into the full-filling plane cooler and the cooling water technical water supply system from the cooling water replenishing port; during operation, a large amount of low-temperature power generation water in the pressure flow channel flows through the pressure brake chamber, during transportation of a large amount of low-temperature power generation water in the main flow channel through the brake chamber, heat exchange is carried out between the surface of the plane cooler and high-temperature water of a medium fluid in the plane cooler, the medium fluid losing heat is increased in specific gravity and sinks to enter a unit cooling system through a cooling water main water inlet valve, and the medium fluid in the unit cooling system circulates to take away oil and heat in the stator cooler so that the temperature of each bearing and each stator is reduced and stable operation is kept. The plane cooler cools the water turbine generator set, improves the reliability, and reduces the water supply cost and the operation cost; particularly, no cooling water is discharged out of the unit, which is beneficial to eliminating the pollution of the cooling water system of the hydropower station to the water environment of the river. The invention is suitable for low water head and large flow, and adopts a concrete pressure pipeline or an open pressure tank type machine.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a cooling control method for a small hydropower station plane-based cooler according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a small hydropower station plane cooler-based cooling control system according to an embodiment of the invention;
in the figure: 1. a pressure line; 2. a heat pipe cooler; 3. a pipeline circulating pump; 4. a main water inlet valve for cooling water of the unit; 5. a main water outlet valve of the unit cooling water; 6. a cold water replenishing valve; 7. a hydro-turbo generator set; 8. a thrust shaft cooler; 9. a guide bearing cooler; 10. a stator cooler.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a rib plate and a structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a cooling installation of a small hydropower station according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a cooling control method and system based on a hydropower station plane cooler and a hydropower station unit control system, and the invention is described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a cooling control method based on a hydroelectric power station plane cooler provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s101; the plane cooler shown in the figure is directly processed and manufactured in a factory, and the plane cooler is installed on the side walls of the two sides of the lock chamber and fixed by expansion bolts.
S102; the medium water is added into the filling plane cooler and the cooling water technical water supply system from the cooling water replenishing port.
S103; and a pipeline pump with the same diameter as the water conveying pipe is arranged on a pipeline between the lower end of the plane cooler and the cooling water inlet main valve, the pipeline pump is powered by three-phase alternating current, is controlled to be started by a unit LCU before starting, and is stopped after stopping.
S104; during operation, a large amount of low-temperature power generation water in the flow channel flows through the flow channel, during transportation of a large amount of low-temperature power generation water in the main flow channel, heat exchange is carried out between the outer surface of the plane cooler and high-temperature water of a medium fluid in the plane cooler, the medium fluid losing heat is increased in specific gravity and sinks to enter a unit cooling system through a cooling water main water inlet valve, and the medium fluid in the unit cooling system circulates to take away oil and heat in the stator cooler so that the temperature of each bearing and each stator is reduced and stable operation is kept.
S105; the specific gravity of the medium fluid of the unit cooling system is lightened after heat absorption and the medium fluid floats upwards to flow out of the cooling water main water outlet valve, enters the plane cooler through the upper inlet of the plane cooler and is cooled by power generation water through the outer surface of the plane cooler, and the process is repeated to form medium fluid self-circulation and maintain the stable operation of the water-turbine generator set.
The hydropower station plane cooler control method in S101 provided by the invention is characterized in that the plane cooler arranged on the side wall of the pressure forebay or the lock chamber is manufactured to have a height between the bottom plate of the lock chamber and a normal water level (the height is exceeded, the plane cooler is exposed out of the water surface when the water level of the lowest forebay is the lowest forebay water level, is separated from the contact with the main runner water and cannot perform a heat exchange function), and the length is adjusted according to the capacity of a unit and the consumption of cooling water; for a large-capacity hydroelectric generating set, besides the plane coolers arranged on the left and right side walls and the bottom plate of the lock chamber, the plane cooler with the lining of the pressure pipeline can also be arranged in the concrete pressure pipeline, and the hydraulic generating set is particularly suitable for hydropower stations with water heads of about ten meters and reinforced concrete pressure pipes.
In S103, the opening of the cooling water outlet main valve can be adjusted to adjust the flow rate of the pipeline, the regulation effect of the cooling system is enhanced, and the reliability is improved.
In the step S103 provided by the invention, a medium pump 3 with small power and high reliability can be arranged to enhance the circulation effect.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a cooling control system based on a hydroelectric power station plane cooler provided by an embodiment of the present invention is provided with: 1. a plane cooler 2 and a pipeline circulating pump; 3. a main water inlet valve for cooling water of the unit; 4. a main water outlet valve of unit cooling water; 5. a cold water replenishing valve; 6. a hydroelectric generating set; 7. a thrust bearing cooler; 8. a guide bearing cooler; 9. a stator air cooler.
The unit cooling water inlet main valve 3 is connected with the water turbine generator set 6 through a pipeline, and the water turbine generator set 6 is connected with the unit cooling water outlet main valve 4 through a guide pipe. The plane cooler 1 is connected with a cold water replenishing valve 5 through a guide pipe, and the unit cooling water outlet main valve 4 is connected with the cold water replenishing valve 5 through a guide pipe. And cooling media are poured into cavities of the plane cooler, the unit cooling system and an external pipe network, and a thrust bearing cooler 7, a guide bearing cooler 8 and a stator water cooler 9 are arranged in the water-turbine generator set 6.
Preferably, the pipeline circulating pump 2 is powered by three-phase alternating current, and is controlled by the unit LCU to start before starting and stop after stopping.
Preferably, the cooling medium may be water or turbine oil, or freon (or freon substitute); the pure water is most simple and easy to use, the cost is low, but the water in the water pipe is possibly frozen in the place where the extreme temperature at high altitude is possibly reduced to be below 0 ℃, the generator set cannot operate, and the pure water is not suitable for use; a power station adopting pure water as a medium needs to be careful not to stop for a long time in cold seasons in winter, and a water pipe needs to be prevented from being frozen and broken; the pure water is adopted as the cooling medium, so that the medium can be evaporated but cannot be scaled to block copper pipes of various bearing coolers (generally annular) in the heat exchange process; in order to ensure that the bearing bush burning caused by insufficient heat circulation capacity of the cooling system in a few minutes before the unit is started, a low-power pipeline pump is additionally arranged on a pipeline at a cooling water main water inlet, cooling water is forcibly injected into the cooling system, and the initial heat circulation is ensured.
The effect of heat exchange by adopting Freon or substitutes in a circulating way is better (the energy transmission and exchange medium is the energy transmission and exchange medium in a household refrigerator); the turbine oil has good antifreezing effect, namely, the viscosity is higher, the fluidity is not as good as that of water, and the circulation pipe diameter can be properly increased.
Preferably, the flat cooler 1 is a novel flat cooler in which a steel plate with a thickness of about 8 to 10mm is rolled into a corrugated iron shape as shown in the figure in a factory, and then is pressure-welded (resistance-welded) to a steel plate with a thickness of about 12 to 20mm so that a plurality of sealed fluid passages are formed between the corrugated iron and a steel bottom plate, and the steel bottom plate and the corrugated iron plate constituting the fluid passages. The upper part of the plane cooler close to the upstream side of the pressure steel pipe is provided with phi 100-phi 200 holes, the holes are seamless with the same diameter, and the delta 5 steel pipe is led out through a manual gate valve with the same diameter.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the plane cooler is directly processed in a factory and installed in a main power generation flow passage (such as a side wall of a pressure forebay, a front wall of the pressure forebay and side walls on two sides of a lock chamber of a water inlet gate of a unit), the plane cooler can be processed into a lining type of a reinforced concrete pressure pipeline in the factory for a new power station, and medium water is added into a filling cooler and a cooling water technical water supply system from a cooling water replenishing port.
Cooling water from a cooling water inlet of the unit passes through an upper guide bearing cooler of the unit, a lower guide bearing cooler and a water guide bearing cooler (if the cooling water is available), the generator stator cooler takes away heat generated in the running of each bearing and a generator stator, the heat enables a medium in the cooler to be heated and then to be reduced in specific gravity and ascend, the medium flows out through a cooling water main outlet pipeline along a cooling system pipeline, the flowing medium enters the plane cooler through the upper part of the plane cooler and then is brought by the outer wall of the pressure steel pipe to increase in specific gravity and sink, and the medium enters the unit again through a main cooling water inlet pipe through the lower part of the plane cooler to perform self-circulation heat exchange.
And a pipeline pump with the same diameter as the water conveying pipe is arranged on a pipeline between the lower end of the plane cooler and the cooling water inlet main valve, the pipeline pump is powered by three-phase alternating current, is controlled to be started by a unit LCU before starting, and is stopped after stopping. During operation, a large amount of low-temperature power generation water in a flow channel flows through the flow channel, during transportation of a large amount of low-temperature power generation water in a main flow channel through the flow channel, heat exchange is carried out between the outer surface of a plane cooler and medium fluid high-temperature water, the medium fluid losing heat is increased in specific gravity and sinks to enter a unit cooling system through a cooling water main water inlet valve, and medium fluid in the unit cooling system circulates to take away oil and heat in a stator cooler so that each bearing and each stator can be kept in stable operation after temperature reduction; the specific gravity of the medium fluid of the unit cooling system is lightened after heat absorption and the medium fluid floats upwards and flows out of the cooling water main water outlet valve, enters the plane cooler through the upper inlet of the plane cooler and is cooled by the power generation water through the outer surface of the pressure steel pipe, and the process is repeated to form medium fluid self-circulation and maintain the stable operation of the water-turbine generator set.
In order to ensure the best effect of the heat circulation, the height of the inlet of the plane cooler is slightly higher than the position of an upper guide bearing of the hydroelectric generating set so as to ensure that the heated medium floats upwards to automatically form circulation, and the power of a pipeline circulating pump is only supplemented by circulating power.
The normal operation temperature of each bearing of a general water turbine generator set is about 50 ℃ when the temperature is highest in summer, the temperature of a stator core and a winding of the generator is generally higher than 80 ℃ when the generator is normally operated, the temperature of water in a natural river channel is not more than 25 ℃ when the temperature is highest in summer, the temperature is only a few ℃ in winter, the amount of water for power generation is large, and the temperature difference between the water for power generation and the normal operation temperature of the cooled bearing, the stator core and the winding is more than 30-50 ℃. The energy relation of hydroelectric generation is P =9.81Q H, only the potential energy of water in the river channel is developed in the hydroelectric generation process, the energy formed by the temperature difference change of the water is not used, and the energy brought by the temperature change of the water is called the internal energy of the water. From the basic physical law of energy conservation, the invention skillfully utilizes the internal energy of water to do work through the circulating transmission of medium fluid, replaces the energy consumption of the original water turbine generator set cooling system, conforms to the law of energy conservation, is used for deeply developing and utilizing the energy of the water in the hydroelectric power generation, and is very efficient.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A cooling control method based on a hydropower station plane cooler is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a plane cooler is directly machined in a factory and installed in a machine set flow channel, a modified machine set can be installed on two side walls and a bottom plate of a lock chamber behind a front pool trash rack, a newly-built machine set can be installed on the left side wall, the right side wall and the bottom plate of a lock chamber behind the trash rack, and can also be installed on four walls of a concrete pressure pipeline to serve as a steel lining of the concrete pressure pipeline;
secondly, medium water is added from a cooling water replenishing port into a manufactured sealed space of the plane cooler to fill the plane cooler and a cooling water technical water supply system;
thirdly, a pipeline pump with the same diameter as the water conveying pipe is installed on a pipeline between the lower end of the plane cooler and the cooling water inlet main valve, the pipeline pump is powered by three-phase alternating current, and is controlled to be started by a unit LCU before starting up and stopped after stopping;
step four, a large amount of power generation water with low temperature flows through the pressure flow channel in the operation process, a large amount of power generation water with low temperature in the main flow channel exchanges heat with medium fluid high-temperature water through the outer surface of a plane cooler installed in the pressure pipeline in the process of conveying the power generation water through the pressure pipeline, the specific gravity of the medium fluid losing heat is increased and sinks to enter a unit cooling system through a cooling water main water inlet valve, and the medium fluid in the unit cooling system circulates to take away oil and heat in a stator cooler so that the temperature of each bearing and each stator is reduced and the stable operation is kept;
step five, after absorbing heat, the medium fluid of the unit cooling system turns lighter in specific gravity and floats upwards to flow out of a cooling water main water outlet valve, enters the plane cooler through an upper inlet of the plane cooler and is cooled by power generation water through the outer surface of the plane cooler, and the process is repeated to form medium fluid self-circulation and maintain the stable operation of the water-turbine generator set;
the manufacturing height of the plane cooler arranged in the lock chamber is the height between the bottom plate of the lock chamber and the normal water level, and the length is adjusted according to the capacity of the unit and the amount of cooling water; for a large-capacity hydroelectric generating set, a pressure pipeline lining type plane cooler can be arranged in a concrete pressure pipeline besides plane coolers arranged on the left side wall, the right side wall and the bottom plate of a lock chamber; rolling a steel plate with the thickness of 8-10 mm into a corrugated iron shape in a factory, and then welding the corrugated iron shape or the corrugated iron shape onto a steel plate with the thickness of 12-20 mm by pressure welding or resistance welding to form a plurality of sealing liquid flow channels between the corrugated iron and a steel bottom plate, wherein the steel bottom plate and the corrugated iron plate which form the liquid flow channels are a planar cooler;
and in the fifth step, the opening of the cooling water inlet and outlet main valve can be adjusted to adjust the flow of the pipeline.
2. A cooling control system based on a hydropower station plane cooler implements the cooling control method based on the hydropower station plane cooler of claim 1, and is characterized in that a concrete pressure pipeline is arranged in the cooling control system based on the hydropower station plane cooler, a gate chamber and a concrete pressure pipe are lined with the plane cooler, and the plane cooler is connected with a pipeline circulating pump through a connecting pipeline and then is connected with a unit cooling water inlet main valve through a connecting pipeline;
the water inlet main valve of the unit cooling water is connected with the water turbine generator set through a pipeline, and the water turbine generator set is connected with the water outlet main valve of the unit cooling water through a connecting pipeline;
the plane cooler is connected with the cooling water replenishing valve through a connecting pipeline, and the main cooling water outlet valve of the unit is connected with the cooling water replenishing valve through a connecting pipeline;
and cooling media are filled into the plane cooler and the hydraulic generator cooling system, and a thrust bearing cooler, a guide bearing cooler and a stator air cooler water cooler are arranged in the hydraulic generator set.
3. The hydropower station plane cooler-based cooling control system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the plane cooler is fixed to both side walls and the bottom plate of the lock chamber by expansion bolts in a pressure length direction.
4. The hydroelectric power plant planar cooler-based cooling control system of claim 2, wherein the pipe circulation pump is powered by three-phase ac power.
5. The hydroelectric power plant planar cooler-based cooling control system of claim 2, wherein the cooling medium is water or turbine oil, or freon.
6. The hydropower station plane cooler-based cooling control system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the plane cooler is a circular plane cooler and the two semicircular plane coolers are of a common steel plate welded structure.
7. A hydropower station unit control system applying the cooling control method based on the hydropower station plane cooler of claim 1.
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| CN202010558179.8A CN111725948B (en) | 2020-06-18 | 2020-06-18 | Cooling system based on hydropower station plane cooler, and control method and system |
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| CN111725948B true CN111725948B (en) | 2022-10-25 |
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| CN111725948A (en) | 2020-09-29 |
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