CN111155498A - Sand blowing and dredging system and method for top cover of water turbine - Google Patents
Sand blowing and dredging system and method for top cover of water turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN111155498A CN111155498A CN202010230495.2A CN202010230495A CN111155498A CN 111155498 A CN111155498 A CN 111155498A CN 202010230495 A CN202010230495 A CN 202010230495A CN 111155498 A CN111155498 A CN 111155498A
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 199
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003657 drainage water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B9/00—Water-power plants; Layout, construction or equipment, methods of, or apparatus for, making same
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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Abstract
A hydraulic turbine top cover sand blowing and dredging system comprises a PLC control unit, a drainage mechanism, a monitoring mechanism, a pneumatic sand blowing mechanism and a hydrodynamic sand flushing mechanism; the water discharging mechanism comprises a submersible pump arranged in the top cover, a water inlet of the submersible pump faces the bottom of the top cover, a water discharging port of the submersible pump is communicated with a water pumping pipeline, and the water pumping pipeline extends out of the top cover; the monitoring mechanism comprises a floater annunciator and an immersed silt content sensor which are arranged in the top cover, and a pipeline silt content sensor which is arranged on the water pumping pipeline; pneumatic sand blowing mechanism includes many air feed pipes of wearing to establish on the top cap, and all air feed pipes communicate jointly has the sand blowing main, and the sand blowing main sets up in the water and sand mixed flow layer of top cap bottom, and the sand blowing main intercommunication has a plurality of sand blowing branch pipes, and the intercommunication has the multiunit to blow the sand nozzle on every sand blowing branch pipe. The invention provides a hydraulic turbine top cover sand blowing and dredging system, which adopts a mode of combining pneumatic sand blowing and hydrodynamic sand blowing, and has higher sand blowing and dredging efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water turbines, in particular to a sand blowing and dredging system and method for a water turbine top cover.
Background
Under the operating condition of the water turbine, a large gap can be formed between the main shaft and the fixing part sealing ring, high-water-head water inlet in the volute and main shaft sealing water can form a large amount of water leakage through the gaps and are stored in the top cover, and therefore the problem is solved by arranging the top cover drainage pump in the top cover of the water turbine.
As is known, the yellow river has high silt content and small sand grain size. The high silt content not only accelerates the wear of the turbine runner, but also, for the above-mentioned water leakage situation, the water leakage from the gap between the main shaft and the fixed part into the top cover is more likely to form silt accumulation in the top cover. According to the years of running condition analysis of the small wave bottom water power plant, the following results are obtained: the flow velocity of the incoming water flow close to the inlet of the main shaft is high, the mixed flow degree of silt and water is high, and the silt and the water can be directly discharged by additionally arranging a drainage pump; the top cap edge side velocity of flow is less, and silt can't be discharged through the drain pump, deposits here more easily, and the top cap bottom forms "water-husky" layering phenomenon, and is more close to the top cap edge side silt siltation more high. The accumulation of silt causes the water level stored in the roof to rise, and when the silt accumulates to a certain height, the unit needs to be shut down for dredging. Otherwise, the water overflows from the water inlet, if the water leaks, the water overflows into the water guide oil groove, and if the water leaks, the factory building is flooded. The top cover dredging work of the sediment-rich hydropower station needs to be carried out regularly, and is particularly more frequent in the flood season of 7-10 months.
In order to solve the problems, or high-pressure water flow is adopted to impact silt parts to form a sand-water mixed solution to promote the silt to be discharged through a drainage pump, the method not only needs to consume a large amount of high-pressure technical water supply, but also indirectly increases the working load of a top cover drainage pump, and virtually consumes a large amount of energy. Or a manual sand discharge method is adopted, which is labor-consuming and time-consuming, and can not generate electricity during the shutdown period, thereby causing serious economic loss. Therefore, the development of a system capable of automatically discharging sand and dredging according to the sediment accumulation condition in the top cover is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a system and a method for blowing sand and dredging a top cover of a water turbine.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the specific scheme that: a hydraulic turbine top cover sand blowing and dredging system comprises a PLC control unit, a drainage mechanism, a monitoring mechanism, a pneumatic sand blowing mechanism and a hydrodynamic sand flushing mechanism; the drainage mechanism comprises a submersible pump arranged in the top cover, a water inlet of the submersible pump faces the bottom of the top cover, a water outlet of the submersible pump is communicated with a water pumping pipeline, and the water pumping pipeline extends out of the top cover; the monitoring mechanism comprises a floater annunciator and an immersed silt content sensor which are arranged in the top cover, and a pipeline silt content sensor which is arranged on the water pumping pipeline; the pneumatic sand blowing mechanism comprises a plurality of air supply pipelines penetrating through the top cover, all the air supply pipelines are communicated with a sand blowing main pipe, the sand blowing main pipe is arranged in a water-sand mixed flow layer at the bottom of the top cover, the sand blowing main pipe is communicated with a plurality of sand blowing branch pipes, and each sand blowing branch pipe is communicated with a plurality of groups of sand blowing nozzles; the PLC control unit is electrically connected with the submersible pump, the float annunciator, the immersed silt content sensor and the pipeline type silt content sensor.
As the further optimization of the sand blowing and dredging system of the water turbine top cover: the hydrodynamic sand flushing mechanism comprises a technical water supply pipeline arranged on the top cover in a penetrating mode, the technical water supply pipeline is communicated with a hydrodynamic spray head, and the hydrodynamic spray head faces to the bottom of the top cover.
As the further optimization of the sand blowing and dredging system of the water turbine top cover: the upper level of the inner wall of the top cover is fixedly provided with a fixed support which is fixedly connected with two support rods extending downwards, and the float annunciator and the immersed silt content sensor are respectively and fixedly arranged at the lower ends of the two support rods.
As the further optimization of the sand blowing and dredging system of the water turbine top cover: the sand blowing main pipe is arc-shaped, and the sand blowing branch pipes are communicated with the inner side of the sand blowing main pipe and extend along the radial direction of the sand blowing main pipe.
As the further optimization of the sand blowing and dredging system of the water turbine top cover: the number of each group of the sand blowing nozzles is two, and the two sand blowing nozzles are symmetrically arranged.
As the further optimization of the sand blowing and dredging system of the water turbine top cover: the sand blowing nozzles are arranged downwards and the outlets of the sand blowing nozzles face to the main shaft of the water turbine.
As the further optimization of the sand blowing and dredging system of the water turbine top cover: the part of the gas supply pipeline, which is positioned outside the top cover, is provided with an airflow electromagnetic valve, and the airflow electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the PLC control unit.
As the further optimization of the sand blowing and dredging system of the water turbine top cover: the technical water supply pipeline is arranged on the outer side of the top cover, and a water flow electromagnetic valve is arranged on the technical water supply pipeline and is electrically connected with the PLC control unit.
A sand blowing and dredging method of a sand blowing and dredging system of a water turbine top cover comprises a normally open mode and a normally closed mode;
the specific steps of the normally open mode are as follows:
s11, the PLC control unit controls the pneumatic sand blowing mechanism and the hydrodynamic sand blowing mechanism to be started periodically;
the normal close mode comprises the following specific steps:
s21, monitoring the water level of the water-sand mixed flow layer in real time by using the floater annunciator, and monitoring the sand content of the water-sand mixed flow layer in real time by using the immersed silt content sensor;
and S22, when the water level of the water-sand mixed flow layer reaches a preset pump starting water level and the sand content is smaller than a preset threshold value, the PLC control unit controls the start-up sand blowing mechanism to start, and when the water level of the water-sand mixed flow layer reaches a preset pump starting water level and the sand content is larger than or equal to the preset threshold value, the PLC control unit controls the start-up sand blowing mechanism and the hydrodynamic sand blowing mechanism to start synchronously.
Has the advantages that:
1. the invention utilizes the combination of aerodynamic force and hydrodynamic force to forcibly intervene the silt load, depends on gas rising to drive the silt deposited at the bottom of the top cover, enhances the turbulent intensity and the sand-holding capacity of water flow by the impact of high-pressure technology water supply, and has obvious desilting and sand-discharging effects;
2. the invention reduces the supply amount of water supply by high-pressure technology and simultaneously reduces the working load of the submersible pump by using the pneumatic sand blowing device;
3. the invention supplies water and high-pressure gas for high-pressure technology by using working medium, is clean and pollution-free, and can not affect and damage the unit and the environment;
4. when the sand blowing and dredging system operates, the machine set does not need to be shut down, so that the production loss caused by the shutdown can be avoided;
5. the invention can run fully automatically without manual participation, thereby saving human resources.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the sand blowing trunk, the sand blowing branch and the sand blowing nozzles;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the sand blowing manifold and the sand blowing nozzles;
fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the installation manner of the air supply duct.
Reference numerals: 1-top cover, 2-submersible pump, 3-water inlet, 4-water outlet, 5-water pumping pipeline, 6-pipeline type sediment content sensor, 7-float annunciator, 8-immersed sediment content sensor, 9-support rod, 10-fixed support, 11-sand blowing dry pipe, 12-air supply pipeline, 13-sand blowing branch pipe, 14-sediment deposition layer, 15-water-sand mixed flow layer, 16-sand blowing nozzle, 17-air flow electromagnetic valve, 18-water flow electromagnetic valve, 19-technical water supply pipeline, 20-water-driven spray head, 21-PLC control unit, 22-lining, 23-first part, 24-second part, 25-welding line and 26-top cover vertical rib.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a system and a method for blowing sand and dredging a top cover of a water turbine include a PLC control unit 20, a drainage mechanism, a monitoring mechanism, a pneumatic sand blowing mechanism, and a hydraulic sand flushing mechanism.
Drainage mechanism is including setting up immersible pump 2 in top cap 1, and immersible pump 2's water inlet 3 is towards top cap 1's bottom, and 4 intercommunications of immersible pump 2's outlet have the pipeline 5 that draws water to the pipeline 5 that draws water stretches out top cap 1.
The monitoring mechanism comprises a float annunciator 7 and an immersed silt content sensor 8 which are arranged in the top cover 1, and a pipeline silt content sensor 6 which is arranged on the water pumping pipeline 5.
The pneumatic sand blowing mechanism comprises a plurality of air supply pipelines 12 penetrating through the top cover 1, all the air supply pipelines 12 are communicated with a sand blowing main pipe 11, the sand blowing main pipe 11 is arranged in a water-sand mixed flow layer 15 at the bottom of the top cover 1, the sand blowing main pipe 11 is communicated with a plurality of sand blowing branch pipes 13, and each sand blowing branch pipe 13 is communicated with a plurality of groups of sand blowing nozzles 16.
The PLC control unit 21 is electrically connected with the submersible pump 2, the float annunciator 7, the immersed sediment content sensor 8 and the pipeline type sediment content sensor 6.
The water-driven sand flushing mechanism comprises a technical water supply pipeline 19 arranged on the top cover 1 in a penetrating mode, the technical water supply pipeline 19 is communicated with a water-driven spray head 20, and the water-driven spray head 20 faces the bottom of the top cover 1.
When the water turbine set operates, seepage water enters the top cover 1 through a gap between the main shaft and the fixing part, and silt carried by the seepage water is gradually deposited at the bottom of the top cover 1 to form a silt deposition layer 14 to cover the sand blowing main pipe 11 and the sand blowing branch pipe 13. When the accumulated water level in the top cover 1 rises to the preset drainage water level (namely the pump starting water level of the submersible pump 2), the floater annunciator 7 acts and sends a signal to the PLC control unit 21, and the PLC control unit 21 controls the pneumatic sand blowing mechanism and/or the hydraulic sand flushing mechanism to lift the sediment deposit layer 14, so that the sediment and the accumulated water are uniformly mixed. After waiting for a certain time, the PLC control unit 21 controls the submersible pump 2 to be started, accumulated water and silt can be pumped out simultaneously by using the submersible pump 2, the waiting time is different according to the difference of several factors such as silt content, accumulated water level, high-pressure water flow velocity, high-pressure gas flow velocity and the like, and the waiting time can be about 1min under most conditions. When the accumulated water level is reduced to the pump stop water level, the submersible pump 2 stops working, the pneumatic sand blowing mechanism and the hydrodynamic sand flushing mechanism stop working, the water seepage amount is increased, the water level rises, and the operation is circulated. Because the efflux of water-driven sand washing device erodees the scope big, the impact force is big, but on unable direct action 14 on the sediment deposit layer, the sand washing is inefficient, and pneumatic sand blowing mechanism is though the impact force is little, but can direct action 14 on the sediment deposit layer, and the sand blowing is efficient, therefore pneumatic sand blowing mechanism and water-driven sand washing mechanism operation mode are decided according to the incoming water silt content. Specifically, the immersed sediment content sensor 8 monitors the sediment content in the accumulated water in real time, when the accumulated water content reaches the drainage water level, the PLC control unit 21 judges whether to adopt the pneumatic sand blowing mechanism or the hydrodynamic sand flushing mechanism by reading the sediment content data, and when the sediment content is low, the pneumatic sand blowing mechanism is adopted alone; when the sediment content is higher, the pneumatic sand blowing mechanism and the hydraulic sand flushing mechanism operate cooperatively. In order to achieve this, the submerged silt content sensor 8 needs to be located in the water-sand mixed flow layer 15 below the pump-stop water level to ensure that the silt content of the accumulated water can be continuously monitored.
The pneumatic sand blowing mechanism has the specific working principle that: the air supply pipeline 12 sends high-pressure air into the sand blowing main pipe 11, and the high-pressure air is sprayed out from the sand blowing nozzles 16 along multiple directions after being shunted by the sand blowing branch pipes 13. Because the sediment accumulation layer covers the sand blowing main pipe 11 and the sand blowing branch pipe 13, the ejected high-pressure gas overcomes the resistance loss formed by the deepwater pressure and the thickness of the sediment, and then forms an ascending airflow to stir the sediment in a bubble cloud mode, so that the sediment is driven to move upwards.
The hydrodynamic sand washing mechanism has the specific working principle that: an external high-pressure technical water supply system conveys high-pressure water flow to a technical water supply pipeline 19, the high-pressure water flow is sprayed out through a water-driven spray head 20 and impacts a water-sand mixed flow layer 15, accumulated water is promoted to transversely flow along the same direction, the flow velocity of the water flow is increased, and then the sediment distribution range is enlarged and the turbulent fluctuation strength of water and sand is enhanced.
Considering that different hydropower stations are in different environments and different flow rates and sediment contents are different in different periods, the pneumatic sand blowing mechanism and the hydraulic sand flushing mechanism can operate in a normally open mode or a normally closed mode. The normally open mode is applicable to the hydropower station that river silt content is higher or the period that flood season silt content improves, and in the normally open mode, pneumatic sand blowing mechanism and hydrodynamic sand washing mechanism cycle open, and the time of opening at every turn is shorter, through blowing the sedimentation rate that silt postponed regularly, avoids silt deposit to invade to blow the sand nozzle 16 in too fast and causes the jam of blowing branch pipe 13. The normally closed mode is suitable for hydropower stations with lower sediment content of rivers or periods with reduced sediment content in non-flood periods, and in the normally closed mode, the pneumatic sand blowing mechanism and the hydraulic sand flushing mechanism work only when water needs to be drained according to the working procedures, so that the consumption of high-pressure water flow and high-pressure gas is reduced, and the running cost is saved.
The system is applied to a small wave bottom hydropower station 3# unit as an experiment, and the pressure of high-pressure gas is selected to be controlled within the range of 0.7-1.0 MPa. In the experiment, when the air is exhausted and the sand is blown, obvious 'bubble cloud' appears, bubbles in a sediment accumulation layer move upwards, the vertical flow velocity is obviously increased, and the sediment is easy to start and is difficult to fall; when the water moves to wash the sand, the water-sand mixed flow layer 15 moves along the water flow transversely, the flow velocity is increased, the turbulence intensity is improved, and the sand-carrying capacity is enhanced. After the system works for 15min continuously, silt with the coverage area of more than 90 percent is discharged through the drainage mechanism, and only a small part of silt falls to the bottom of the top cover 1. Therefore, compared with the conventional hydraulic flushing mode which is difficult to blow fine-particle sediment, the invention has obvious dredging and sand-discharging effects, and can save a large amount of high-pressure technical water supply and reduce the working load of the drainage pump; compared with the traditional manual dredging mode, the sand-discharging dredging process does not need machine set halt, and has bright application and popularization prospects in other water and electricity industries.
In addition, consider top cap 1 and reserve the mode that sets up of mouthful "multizone, little opening", when this embodiment actual installation was used, the adoption was connected with sand blowing branch pipe 13 at a plurality of gas supply lines 12, avoided because of the uneven phenomenon of high-pressure air current air feed that the multiunit sand blowing structure that sets up on sand blowing branch pipe 13 caused. In fact, in order to improve the structural strength of the top cover 1 during the production, a plurality of top cover studs 26 along the height direction are arranged on the inner wall side, and the division of the top cover 1 is also performed according to the positions of the top cover studs 26, that is, an area is arranged between two adjacent sets of top cover studs 26. The gas supply lines 12 may be equal in number to the roof studs 26, and the gas supply lines 12 of each zone may be connected in a one-to-one correspondence with the roof studs 26 to secure and protect the gas supply lines 12 with the roof studs 26. Specifically, the gas supply pipeline 12 is connected with the reinforcing ribs through a plurality of connectors which are uniformly distributed along the length direction, each connector comprises a first portion 23 and a second portion 24 which are integrally connected, the first portions 23 are sleeved on the gas supply pipeline 12, correspondingly, through holes for penetrating the gas supply pipeline 12 are formed in the first portions 23, the second portions 24 are tightly pressed on the reinforcing ribs and are fixedly welded with the inner wall of the top cover 1, and welding seams 25 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the reinforcing ribs. A bushing 22 may also be provided inside the through hole, the bushing 22 serving to further protect the gas supply duct 12.
The specific setting mode of the float annunciator 7 and the immersed silt content sensor 8 is as follows: the upper level of the inner wall of the top cover 1 is fixedly provided with a fixed support 10, the fixed support 10 is fixedly connected with two support rods 9 extending downwards, and the float annunciator 7 and the immersed silt content sensor 8 are respectively and fixedly arranged at the lower ends of the two support rods 9. Furthermore, the signal lines of the immersed silt content sensor 8 and the float annunciator 7 are tied up and fixed on the support rod 9 through the binding belt, so that the water flow fluctuation can be prevented from damaging the float annunciator 7 and the immersed silt content sensor 8, the shaking caused by the impact of the water flow on the float annunciator 7 can be reduced, and the mutual winding of different signal lines is avoided.
Because the pneumatic sand blowing mechanism mainly blows sediment by forming 'bubble cloud', in order to ensure the generating speed and the blowing strength of the 'bubble cloud', the sand blowing main pipe 11 is arc-shaped, and a plurality of groups of sand blowing branch pipes 13 are communicated with the inner side of the sand blowing main pipe 11 and extend along the radial direction of the sand blowing main pipe 11. Through such setting, can avoid stranded high-pressure gas to flow along single direction, the multidirectional high-pressure gas of stranded strikes each other, can form high-speed turbulent flow in top cap 1 bottom, has not only improved the husky efficiency of blowing of system, has also weakened the secondary deposit that forms after silt is blown the edge of top cap 1 simultaneously.
In the present embodiment, the number of the sand blowing nozzles 16 in each group is two, the two sand blowing nozzles 16 are symmetrically arranged, and the sizes of the sand blowing nozzles 16 are modularly and differently distributed. Specifically, the sand blowing nozzle 16 near (far from the main shaft side) the sand blowing dry pipe 11 has a small caliber and a high distribution density, while the sand blowing nozzle 16 far (near the main shaft side) the sand blowing dry pipe 11 has a large caliber and a low distribution density, and at this time, the air flow pressure in the sand blowing nozzle 16 with a small caliber is strong, and the air flow velocity in the sand blowing nozzle 16 with a large caliber is low. The arrangement is beneficial to the formation and the uniform distribution of 'bubble clouds', enhances the sand blowing effect and can balance the high-pressure airflow flow in the sand blowing branch pipe 13.
In order to further improve the sand blowing effect, the sand blowing nozzle 16 is obliquely and downwardly inclined and the outlet is uniformly towards the main shaft side, and it should be noted that a distance should be left between the outlet of the sand blowing nozzle 16 and the bottom of the top cover 1, so that excessive power loss caused by the fact that high-pressure gas is directly sprayed to the bottom of the top cover 1 through the sand blowing nozzle 16 is avoided, and sufficient power is ensured to be provided when the sediment accumulation layer is passed through.
Further, an airflow electromagnetic valve 17 is arranged on the part of the air supply pipeline 12, which is positioned on the outer side of the top cover 1, and the airflow electromagnetic valve 17 is electrically connected with a PLC control unit 21; a water flow electromagnetic valve 18 is arranged on the part of the technical water supply pipeline 19, which is positioned outside the top cover 1, and the water flow electromagnetic valve 18 is electrically connected with a PLC control unit 21. High-pressure air current and high-pressure rivers are unified to be controlled by PLC the control unit 21, can improve control system's integrated level, and then promote the efficiency of blowing sand and desilting. Of course, the air supply system and the high-pressure air supply system can be controlled separately by external technologies, and can be selected according to actual conditions.
The PLC control unit 21 is communicated with an upper computer monitoring system in an Ethernet mode through an IEC protocol to ensure that the system can stably operate, and a manual operation/automatic operation switching function can be added to the PLC control unit 21 to realize a remote local control function.
The submersible pumps 2 are arranged in two, one of which is used as a backup to avoid system failure caused by the failure of a single submersible pump 2. Simultaneously, through increasing the stand-by pump start water level in actual production, when the water level rose to stand-by pump start water level, stand-by pump start work had improved the pumping working limit of system, had ensured top cap 1 drainage system's security.
A flared opening can be arranged at the water inlet 3, so that the water pumping efficiency is improved; correspondingly, in order to more accurately control the sand blowing and dredging process, the floater annunciator 7 can be composed of a plurality of subunits, namely a pump stop water level subunit, a main pump water level subunit, a standby pump water level subunit and an alarm water level subunit which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. In terms of material, the sand blowing nozzle 16 is preferably made of brass, and the sand blowing main pipe 11 and the sand blowing branch pipe 13 are preferably made of aluminum alloy and are both subjected to corrosion resistance treatment.
Based on the system, the invention also provides a sand blowing and dredging method of the water turbine top cover sand blowing and dredging system, which comprises a normally open mode and a normally closed mode.
The specific step of the normally open mode includes S11.
And S11, the PLC control unit 21 controls the pneumatic sand blowing mechanism and the hydraulic sand blowing mechanism to be started periodically.
The specific steps of the normally closed mode include S21 and S22.
And S21, monitoring the water level of the water-sand mixed flow layer 15 in real time by using the float annunciator 7, and monitoring the sand content of the water-sand mixed flow layer 15 in real time by using the immersed silt content sensor 8.
And S22, when the water level of the water-sand mixed flow layer 15 reaches a preset pump starting water level and the sand content is smaller than a preset threshold value, the PLC control unit 21 controls the sand blowing mechanism to start, and when the water level of the water-sand mixed flow layer 15 reaches the preset pump starting water level and the sand content is larger than or equal to the preset threshold value, the PLC control unit 21 controls the sand blowing mechanism and the hydrodynamic sand blowing mechanism to start synchronously.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a hydraulic turbine top cap desilting system that blows sand which characterized in that: the device comprises a PLC control unit (21), a drainage mechanism, a monitoring mechanism, a pneumatic sand blowing mechanism and a hydrodynamic sand flushing mechanism;
the drainage mechanism comprises a submersible pump (2) arranged in the top cover (1), a water inlet (3) of the submersible pump (2) faces the bottom of the top cover (1), a water outlet (4) of the submersible pump (2) is communicated with a water pumping pipeline (5), and the water pumping pipeline (5) extends out of the top cover (1);
the monitoring mechanism comprises a floater annunciator (7) and an immersed silt content sensor (8) which are arranged in the top cover (1), and a pipeline silt content sensor (6) which is arranged on the water pumping pipeline (5);
the pneumatic sand blowing mechanism comprises a plurality of air supply pipelines (12) penetrating through the top cover (1), all the air supply pipelines (12) are communicated with a sand blowing main pipe (11) together, the sand blowing main pipe (11) is arranged in a water-sand mixed flow layer (15) at the bottom of the top cover (1), the sand blowing main pipe (11) is communicated with a plurality of sand blowing branch pipes (13), and each sand blowing branch pipe (13) is communicated with a plurality of groups of sand blowing nozzles (16);
the PLC control unit (21) with immersible pump (2), float signal ware (7) submergence formula silt content sensor (8) with equal electric connection of pipeline formula silt content sensor (6).
2. The hydrodynamic sand flushing mechanism comprises a technical water supply pipeline (19) arranged on the top cover (1) in a penetrating mode, the technical water supply pipeline (19) is communicated with a hydrodynamic spray head (20), and the hydrodynamic spray head (20) faces to the bottom of the top cover (1).
3. The sand-blowing desilting system for the top cover of the water turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inner wall of top cap (1) is improved level and is set firmly fixed bolster (10), two downwardly extending's of fixed bolster (10) fixedly connected with bracing piece (9), float annunciator (7) with submergence formula silt content sensor (8) are fixed the lower extreme that sets up respectively at two bracing pieces (9).
4. The sand-blowing desilting system for the top cover of the water turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sand blowing main pipe (11) is arc-shaped, and the sand blowing branch pipes (13) are communicated with the inner side of the sand blowing main pipe (11) and extend along the radial direction of the sand blowing main pipe (11).
5. The sand-blowing desilting system for the top cover of the water turbine as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the number of the sand blowing nozzles (16) in each group is two, and the two sand blowing nozzles (16) are symmetrically arranged.
6. The sand-blowing desilting system for the top cover of the water turbine as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the sand blowing nozzles (16) are arranged obliquely downwards and the outlets of the sand blowing nozzles face to the main shaft of the water turbine.
7. The sand-blowing desilting system for the top cover of the water turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the part of the gas supply pipeline (12) located on the outer side of the top cover (1) is provided with an air flow electromagnetic valve (17), and the air flow electromagnetic valve (17) is electrically connected with the PLC control unit (21).
8. The sand-blowing desilting system for the top cover of the water turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the technical water supply pipeline (19) is provided with a water flow electromagnetic valve (18) at the part outside the top cover (1), and the water flow electromagnetic valve (18) is electrically connected with the PLC control unit (21).
9. The sand blowing and desilting method of the water turbine roof sand blowing and desilting system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of (1) normally-open mode and normally-closed mode;
the specific steps of the normally open mode are as follows:
s11, the PLC control unit (21) controls the pneumatic sand blowing mechanism and the hydrodynamic sand blowing mechanism to be started periodically;
the normal close mode comprises the following specific steps:
s21, monitoring the water level of the water-sand mixed flow layer (15) in real time by using the floater annunciator (7), and monitoring the sand content of the water-sand mixed flow layer (15) in real time by using the immersed silt content sensor (8);
s22, when the water level of the water-sand mixed flow layer (15) reaches a preset pump starting water level and the sand content is smaller than a preset threshold value, the PLC control unit (21) controls the start of the sand blowing mechanism to start, and when the water level of the water-sand mixed flow layer (15) reaches the preset pump starting water level and the sand content is larger than or equal to the preset threshold value, the PLC control unit (21) controls the start of the sand blowing mechanism and the hydrodynamic sand blowing mechanism to start synchronously.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010230495.2A CN111155498A (en) | 2020-03-27 | 2020-03-27 | Sand blowing and dredging system and method for top cover of water turbine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010230495.2A CN111155498A (en) | 2020-03-27 | 2020-03-27 | Sand blowing and dredging system and method for top cover of water turbine |
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| CN111155498A true CN111155498A (en) | 2020-05-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010230495.2A Pending CN111155498A (en) | 2020-03-27 | 2020-03-27 | Sand blowing and dredging system and method for top cover of water turbine |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114576206A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-06-03 | 江苏省江都水利工程管理处 | Automatic desilting visual guide vane body device of vertical axial-flow pump |
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| CN102818028A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-12-12 | 福建南电股份有限公司 | Sand slurry wear-resistant high-position sealing structure for main shaft of water turbine |
| CN108978753A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2018-12-11 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of pneumatic waterpower convolution part Accrete clearing device |
| CN212000955U (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-11-24 | 黄河水利水电开发总公司 | Sand-blowing desilting system for top cover of water turbine |
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| CN102635133A (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2012-08-15 | 中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院 | Sump dredging system and mode |
| CN102818028A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-12-12 | 福建南电股份有限公司 | Sand slurry wear-resistant high-position sealing structure for main shaft of water turbine |
| CN108978753A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2018-12-11 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of pneumatic waterpower convolution part Accrete clearing device |
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| CN114576206A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-06-03 | 江苏省江都水利工程管理处 | Automatic desilting visual guide vane body device of vertical axial-flow pump |
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