CN111725536A - System and method for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of fuel cell - Google Patents
System and method for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN111725536A CN111725536A CN202010614152.6A CN202010614152A CN111725536A CN 111725536 A CN111725536 A CN 111725536A CN 202010614152 A CN202010614152 A CN 202010614152A CN 111725536 A CN111725536 A CN 111725536A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04037—Electrical heating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04253—Means for solving freezing problems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell, wherein the system comprises an industrial refrigerator, a heat exchanger, a water pump, a heater, a first switch valve, a second switch valve and a third switch valve; when the fuel cell stack needs rapid refrigeration, the heater does not work, the first switch valve and the second switch valve are opened, the third switch valve is closed, and a cooling loop for cooling the fuel cell stack forms a fuel cell cooling circulation loop; when the fuel cell stack is in cold start, the heater works, the first switch valve and the second switch valve are closed, the third switch valve is opened, and a heating loop for heating the fuel cell stack forms a fuel cell heating circulation loop. The fuel cell stack is rapidly cooled by matching the industrial refrigerator with the fuel cell cooling circulation loop, so that the speed of the fuel cell reaching the low-temperature cold start temperature is increased. The fuel cell stack is heated by the heater in an auxiliary manner, so that the heating speed of the fuel cell in the low-temperature cold start test process is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cold start of fuel cells, in particular to a system and a method for quickly pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell.
Background
The fuel cell uses hydrogen and air as reactant gases of an anode and a cathode respectively, and generates electric energy through electrochemical reaction. The low-temperature cold start is one of the main factors influencing the commercialization of the fuel cell automobile, and means that the fuel cell automobile can be successfully started at a temperature below 0 ℃, and the internal temperature of the fuel cell can be rapidly raised to 70-80 ℃ to meet the performance of normal operation. In the development process of the fuel cell stack or the system, the low-temperature cold start test of the fuel cell stack or the system is an important development project.
At present, in a low-temperature cold start test of a fuel cell stack or a system, a measured object is placed in a low-temperature environment chamber and stands still for more than 8 hours, so that the interior of the fuel cell stack or the system can reach a cold start temperature. And the cold start can be realized only by the self heating of the fuel cell stack during the low-temperature cold start test of the fuel cell stack or the system, and the efficiency is low.
Therefore, how to increase the speed of the fuel cell reaching the low-temperature cold start temperature and increase the temperature rise speed of the fuel cell in the low-temperature cold start test process is a technical problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, a first objective of the present invention is to provide a system for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell, which can increase the speed of the fuel cell reaching a low-temperature cold start temperature and increase the temperature rise speed of the fuel cell during a low-temperature cold start test.
It is a second object of the present invention to provide a method for rapid pre-cooling and assisted heating of a fuel cell.
In order to achieve the first object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
a system for quickly precooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell comprises an industrial refrigerator, a heat exchanger, a water pump, a heater, a first switch valve, a second switch valve and a third switch valve;
an outlet of the industrial refrigerator is in conduction connection with a first inlet of the heat exchanger, and an inlet of the industrial refrigerator is in conduction connection with a first outlet of the heat exchanger;
the second outlet of the heat exchanger is in conduction connection with the inlet of the first switch valve, the outlet of the first switch valve is in conduction connection with the inlet of the water pump, the outlet of the water pump is in conduction connection with the flow channel inlet of the fuel cell stack, the flow channel outlet of the fuel cell stack is in conduction connection with the inlet of the heater, the outlet of the heater is in conduction connection with the inlet of the second switch valve, and the outlet of the second switch valve is in conduction connection with the second inlet of the heat exchanger;
an outlet of the third switch valve is in conductive connection with an outlet of the first switch valve and an inlet of the water pump, and an inlet of the third switch valve is in conductive connection with an outlet of the heater and an inlet of the second switch valve;
before the fuel cell stack is cold started and rapid refrigeration is needed, the heater does not work, the first switch valve and the second switch valve are opened, the third switch valve is closed, and a cooling loop for cooling the fuel cell stack forms a fuel cell cooling circulation loop;
when the fuel cell stack is in cold start, the heater works to heat, the first switch valve and the second switch valve are closed, the third switch valve is opened, and a heating loop for heating the fuel cell stack forms a fuel cell heating circulation loop.
In a specific embodiment, the system for rapid pre-cooling and assisted heating of a fuel cell further comprises a first temperature sensor;
the first temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet of a flow channel of the fuel cell stack.
In another specific embodiment, the system for rapid pre-cooling and supplemental heating of a fuel cell further comprises a second temperature sensor;
the second temperature sensor is arranged at the inlet of the flow channel of the fuel cell stack.
In another specific embodiment, the system for rapid pre-cooling and supplemental heating of a fuel cell further comprises a reservoir;
the liquid storage tank is arranged on a pipeline for conducting the heater and the fuel cell stack.
In another specific embodiment, the system for rapid pre-cooling and assisted heating of a fuel cell further comprises a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor;
the first pressure sensor is arranged on a pipeline for conducting the heater and the fuel cell stack and is positioned between the liquid storage tank and the first temperature sensor;
the second pressure sensor is arranged on a pipeline for conducting the water pump and the fuel cell stack and is positioned between the second temperature sensor and the water pump.
In another specific embodiment, the system for rapid pre-cooling and assisted heating of a fuel cell further comprises a flow meter;
the inlet of the flowmeter is in conductive connection with the outlet of the water pump;
and the outlet of the flow meter is in conduction connection with the flow channel inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the flow meter is positioned between the second pressure sensor and the water pump.
In another specific embodiment, the system for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell further comprises a fourth switching valve and a fifth switching valve;
an inlet of the fourth switching valve is in conductive connection with an outlet of the heater, and an outlet of the fourth switching valve is in conductive connection with an inlet of the second switching valve and an inlet of the third switching valve;
and the inlet of the fifth switch valve is in conductive connection with the outlet of the first switch valve and the outlet of the third switch valve, and the outlet of the fifth switch valve is in conductive connection with the inlet of the water pump.
In another specific embodiment, the system for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell further comprises a sixth switching valve and a seventh switching valve;
an inlet of the sixth switching valve is in conductive connection with an inlet of the second switching valve, an outlet of the fourth switching valve and an inlet of the third switching valve;
and the inlet of the seventh switch valve is in conductive connection with the outlet of the first switch valve, the outlet of the third switch valve and the inlet of the fifth switch valve.
The various embodiments according to the invention can be combined as desired, and the embodiments obtained after these combinations are also within the scope of the invention and are part of the specific embodiments of the invention.
Without being limited to any theory, it can be seen from the above disclosure that, in the system for rapidly pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell disclosed by the invention, before the cold start of the fuel cell stack, when rapid cooling is required, the heater does not work, the first switch valve and the second switch valve are opened, the third switch valve is closed, and the industrial refrigerator starts cooling, so that the cooling liquid coming out of the heat exchanger can flow through the fuel cell stack to cool the fuel cell stack under the drive of the water pump, then enters the heat exchanger again to exchange heat to form a fuel cell cooling circulation loop, and continuously cools the fuel cell stack until the fuel cell stack is cooled to the cold start temperature; when the fuel cell stack is in cold start, the heater works to heat, the first switch valve and the second switch valve are closed, the third switch valve is opened, the heater heats cooling liquid, the cooling liquid is conveyed to the fuel cell stack through the water pump to be heated, then the cooling liquid enters the heater to be heated again, a fuel cell heating circulation loop is formed, and the fuel cell stack is continuously heated until the required temperature is reached. The invention rapidly cools the fuel cell stack by matching the industrial refrigerator with the fuel cell cooling circulation loop, thereby improving the speed of the fuel cell reaching the low-temperature cold start temperature. The fuel cell stack heating device is also provided with a heater capable of heating cooling liquid, so that the fuel cell stack can be heated in an auxiliary manner, and the heating speed of the fuel cell in the low-temperature cold start test process is increased.
In addition, the rapid refrigeration and the auxiliary heating are combined together, so that the temperature of the fuel cell stack can be reduced and increased, and the temperature of cooling liquid in the fuel cell stack can be better controlled.
In order to achieve the second object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
a method for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell, using a system for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell as described in any one of the above, comprising the steps of:
before the fuel cell stack is cold started and rapid refrigeration is needed, opening the first switch valve and the second switch valve, closing the third switch valve, simultaneously starting the industrial refrigerator and the water pump, not starting the heating function of the heater, and continuously operating the fuel cell cooling circulation loop to cool the fuel cell stack until the fuel cell stack reaches the cold start temperature;
when the fuel cell stack is in cold start, the third switch valve is opened, the first switch valve and the second switch valve are closed, the heating function of the heater is started, and the fuel cell heating circulation loop continuously operates to heat the fuel cell stack until the fuel cell stack reaches a preset temperature.
In a specific embodiment, the cold start temperature of the fuel cell stack is measured by a second temperature sensor disposed at the outlet of the flow channel of the fuel cell stack;
the fuel cell stack reaches the preset temperature, and the heating of the heater with the preset heating power is realized within the preset time.
The method for quickly pre-cooling and heating the fuel cell in an auxiliary manner provided by the invention has the advantages that the fuel cell stack is quickly cooled by matching the industrial refrigerator with the cooling circulation loop of the fuel cell, so that the speed of the fuel cell reaching the low-temperature cold start temperature is increased. In addition, the fuel cell stack is heated in an auxiliary manner through the heater, so that the temperature rise speed of the fuel cell in the low-temperature cold start test process is increased.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the rapid cooling of the fuel cell stack provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of the cold start of the fuel cell stack according to the present invention.
Wherein, in fig. 1:
the industrial refrigerator comprises an industrial refrigerator 1, a heat exchanger 2, a water pump 3, a heater 4, a first switch valve 5, a second switch valve 6, a third switch valve 7, a fuel cell stack 8, a fuel cell cooling circulation loop 100, a fuel cell heating circulation loop 200, a first temperature sensor 9, a second temperature sensor 10, a liquid storage tank 11, a first pressure sensor 12, a second pressure sensor 13, a flow meter 14, a fourth switch valve 15, a fifth switch valve 16, a sixth switch valve 17, a seventh switch valve 18 and a cooling circulation loop 300.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to fig. 1 and the detailed description.
The invention discloses a system for quickly pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell, which comprises an industrial refrigerator 1, a heat exchanger 2, a water pump 3, a heater 4, a first switch valve 5, a second switch valve 6 and a third switch valve 7.
The outlet of the industrial refrigerator 1 is in conduction connection with the first inlet of the heat exchanger 2, the inlet of the industrial refrigerator 1 is in conduction connection with the first outlet of the heat exchanger 2, namely the industrial refrigerator 1 and the heat exchanger 2 form a cooling circulation loop 300, and the industrial refrigerator 1 cools the heat exchanger 2.
Connect first ooff valve 5 between heat exchanger 2 and the water pump 3, specifically do: and a second outlet of the heat exchanger 2 is in conduction connection with an inlet of the first switch valve 5, and an outlet of the first switch valve 5 is in conduction connection with an inlet of the water pump 3. The on-off between the heat exchanger 2 and the water pump 3 is controlled by the first switch valve 5.
The outlet of the water pump 3 is in conductive connection with the inlet of the flow channel of the fuel cell stack 8, the outlet of the flow channel of the fuel cell stack 8 is in conductive connection with the inlet of the heater 4, and the cooling liquid is conveyed into the flow channel of the fuel cell stack 8 through the water pump 3 so as to cool the fuel cell stack 8.
A second switch valve 6 is connected between the heater 4 and the heat exchanger 2, and specifically comprises: the outlet of the heater 4 is connected with the inlet of the second switch valve 6 in a conduction mode, and the outlet of the second switch valve 6 is connected with the second inlet of the heat exchanger 2 in a conduction mode. The on-off between the heater 4 and the heat exchanger 2 is controlled by a second switch valve 6.
The outlet of the third switch valve 7 is connected with the outlet of the first switch valve 5 and the inlet of the water pump 3 in a conduction mode, and the inlet of the third switch valve 7 is connected with the outlet of the heater 4 and the inlet of the second switch valve 6 in a conduction mode.
Before the fuel cell stack 8 is cold started and rapid cooling is needed, the heater 4 does not work and only plays a role of one flow channel, the first switch valve 5 and the second switch valve 6 are opened, the third switch valve 7 is closed, and a cooling loop for cooling the fuel cell stack 8 forms a fuel cell cooling circulation loop 100. Specifically, the water pump 3, the flow passage of the fuel cell stack 8, the heater 4, the second switching valve 6, the heat exchanger 2, and the first switching valve 5 form a fuel cell cooling circulation circuit 100 that cools the fuel cell stack 8.
When the fuel cell stack 8 is cold-started, the heater 4 works to heat, the first switch valve 5 and the second switch valve 6 are closed, the third switch valve 7 is opened, and a heating loop for heating the fuel cell stack 8 forms a fuel cell heating circulation loop 200. Specifically, the water pump 3, the flow channel of the fuel cell stack 8, the heater 4, the heat exchanger 2, and the third on/off valve 7 form a fuel cell heating cycle circuit 200 that heats the fuel cell stack 8.
The invention discloses a system for quickly pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell, wherein before a fuel cell stack 8 is cold-started and needs quick cooling, a heater 4 does not work, a first switch valve 5 and a second switch valve 6 are opened, a third switch valve 7 is closed, and an industrial refrigerator 1 starts cooling, so that cooling liquid from a heat exchanger 2 can flow through the fuel cell stack 8 to cool the fuel cell stack 8 under the driving of a water pump 3, then enters the heat exchanger 2 again for heat exchange to form a fuel cell cooling circulation loop 100, and continuously cools the fuel cell stack 8 until the temperature is cooled to a cold starting temperature; when the fuel cell stack 8 is in cold start, the heater 4 works to heat, the first switch valve 5 and the second switch valve 6 are closed, the third switch valve 7 is opened, the heater 4 heats the cooling liquid, then the cooling liquid is conveyed to the fuel cell stack 8 through the water pump 3 to be heated, then the cooling liquid enters the heater 4 to be heated again, a fuel cell heating circulation loop 200 is formed, and the fuel cell stack 8 is continuously heated until the required temperature is reached. The invention uses the industrial refrigerator 1 to match with the fuel cell cooling circulation loop 100 to rapidly cool the fuel cell stack 8, thereby improving the speed of the fuel cell reaching the low-temperature cold start temperature. The invention is also provided with a heater 4 capable of heating the cooling liquid, which can assist in heating the fuel cell stack 8, and improves the heating speed of the fuel cell in the low-temperature cold start test process.
In addition, in the invention, the rapid refrigeration and the auxiliary heating are combined together, so that the temperature of the fuel cell stack 8 can be reduced and increased, and the temperature of the cooling liquid in the fuel cell stack 8 can be better controlled.
In some embodiments, the invention discloses that the system for rapidly pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of the fuel cell further comprises a first temperature sensor 9, the first temperature sensor 9 is arranged at the outlet of the flow channel of the fuel cell stack 8, and the temperature at the outlet of the flow channel of the fuel cell stack 8 is detected by the first temperature sensor 9.
In some embodiments, the present invention discloses that the system for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell further comprises a second temperature sensor 10, the second temperature sensor 10 is disposed at the inlet of the flow channel of the fuel cell stack 8, and the temperature at the inlet of the flow channel of the fuel cell stack 8 can be detected by the second temperature sensor 10.
In some embodiments, the present invention discloses that the system for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell further includes a liquid storage tank 11, the liquid storage tank 11 is disposed on the pipeline for conducting the heater 4 and the fuel cell stack 8, and is capable of supplementing the cooling liquid to the fuel cell cooling circulation loop 100 and the fuel cell heating circulation loop 200, and specifically, a switch valve may be disposed at an outlet of the liquid storage tank 11.
In some embodiments, the present invention discloses that the system for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell further comprises a first pressure sensor 12 and a second pressure sensor 13.
The first pressure sensor 12 is arranged on the pipeline for conducting the heater 4 and the fuel cell stack 8, is positioned between the liquid storage tank 11 and the first temperature sensor 9, and is used for monitoring the pressure on the pipeline for conducting the heater 4 and the fuel cell stack 8 in real time.
The second pressure sensor 13 is arranged on the pipeline conducting the water pump 3 and the fuel cell stack 8, is positioned between the second temperature sensor 10 and the water pump 3, and is used for monitoring the pressure on the pipeline conducting the water pump 3 and the fuel cell stack 8 in real time.
In some embodiments, the present invention discloses that the system for rapid pre-cooling and assisted heating of a fuel cell further comprises a flow meter 14.
The inlet of the flow meter 14 is in conduction connection with the outlet of the water pump 3, the outlet of the flow meter 14 is in conduction connection with the flow channel inlet of the fuel cell stack 8, and the flow meter 14 is located between the second pressure sensor 13 and the water pump 3. The flow rate of the coolant pumped out by the water pump 3 can be obtained in real time by the flow meter 14, so that the rotation speed of the water pump 3 can be controlled to control the flow rates of the coolant in the fuel cell cooling circulation circuit 100 and the fuel cell heating circulation circuit 200.
In some embodiments, the present invention discloses that the system for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell further comprises a fourth switching valve 15 and a fifth switching valve 16.
The inlet of the fourth switch valve 15 is connected with the outlet of the heater 4 in a conduction mode, and the outlet of the fourth switch valve 15 is connected with the inlet of the second switch valve 6 and the inlet of the third switch valve 7 in a conduction mode. The inlet of the fifth switch valve 16 is connected with the outlet of the first switch valve 5 and the outlet of the third switch valve 7 in a conduction mode, and the outlet of the fifth switch valve 16 is connected with the inlet of the water pump 3 in a conduction mode.
The fourth switching valve 15 and the fifth switching valve 16 are both opened when the fuel cell cooling circulation circuit 100 or the fuel cell heating circulation circuit 200 is started, and at least one of the fourth switching valve 15 and the fifth switching valve 16 is closed when the fuel cell cooling circulation circuit 100 and the fuel cell heating circulation circuit 200 need not be started.
In some embodiments, the present invention discloses that the system for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of the fuel cell further comprises a sixth switching valve 17 and a seventh switching valve 18.
The inlet of the sixth switching valve 17 is connected to the inlet of the second switching valve 6, the outlet of the fourth switching valve 15 and the inlet of the third switching valve 7 in a conducting manner. The inlet of the seventh switch valve 18 is connected to the outlet of the first switch valve 5, the outlet of the third switch valve 7 and the inlet of the fifth switch valve 16.
The sixth and seventh switching valves 17, 18 can be connected in a fluid-conducting manner to further circulation lines.
Specifically, the sixth switching valve 17 and the seventh switching valve 18 are normally open and need to be opened when they are communicated with other circulation lines.
In some embodiments, the first switching valve 5, the second switching valve 6, the third switching valve 7, the fourth switching valve 15, the fifth switching valve 16, the sixth switching valve 17, and the bottom air switching valve are solenoid valves or pneumatic valves.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) the system provided by the invention can quickly pre-cool the fuel cell (galvanic pile or system), and the conventional low-temperature cold start test of the fuel cell galvanic pile 8 or the system is to place a measured object in a low-temperature environment chamber for standing for more than 8 hours so that the interior of the fuel cell galvanic pile 8 or the system can reach the cold start temperature, and the system can meet the requirements within half an hour through the test;
(2) the system provided by the invention can assist in heating the fuel cell (galvanic pile or system), the conventional fuel cell galvanic pile 8 or system can only realize cold start by heating the fuel cell galvanic pile 8 per se during the low-temperature cold start test, and the system can assist the fuel cell galvanic pile 8 in cold start test process;
(3) the system provided by the invention integrates rapid precooling and auxiliary heating of the fuel cell (galvanic pile or system), can cool and heat the fuel cell, and can better control the temperature of the cooling liquid in the cooling system of the fuel cell (galvanic pile or system).
(4) The system provided by the invention does not add too many auxiliary parts and systems, has little change to the structure of a common fuel cell system and is easy to realize;
(5) the control method provided by the invention is simple and easy to understand, can stably operate and is easy to realize.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell, which uses the system for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell as in any one of the above embodiments, including:
before the fuel cell stack 8 is cold started and rapid refrigeration is needed, the first switch valve 5 and the second switch valve 6 are opened, the third switch valve 7 is closed, the industrial refrigerator 1 and the water pump 3 are started at the same time, the heating function of the heater 4 is not started, and the fuel cell cooling circulation loop 100 continuously operates to cool the fuel cell stack 8 until the fuel cell stack 8 reaches the cold starting temperature.
When the fuel cell stack 8 is cold-started, the third switch valve 7 is opened, the first switch valve 5 and the second switch valve 6 are closed, the heating function of the heater 4 is started, and the fuel cell heating circulation loop 200 is continuously operated to heat the fuel cell stack 8 until the fuel cell stack 8 reaches the preset temperature. Specifically, the fuel cell stack 8 reaches the preset temperature by heating the heater 4 at the preset heating power for the preset time.
The rapid cooling of the fuel cell stack 8 includes the following steps S11 and S12, as shown in fig. 2.
Step S11: the industrial chiller 1 continues to operate and the fuel cell cooling loop 100 continues to operate to cool the fuel cell stack 8.
Step S12: and (4) judging whether the temperature at the outlet of the flow channel of the fuel cell stack 8 reaches the cold start temperature, if so, ending, otherwise, turning to the step S11.
Specifically, the cold start temperature of the fuel cell stack 8 is measured by a second temperature sensor 10 provided at the outlet of the flow passage of the fuel cell stack 8. The cooling temperature of the industrial refrigerator 1 may be set to a cold start temperature, and when the temperature measured by the second temperature sensor 10 is equal to the set cooling temperature of the industrial refrigerator 1, the industrial refrigerator 1 and the fuel cell cooling circulation circuit 100 stop operating.
The fuel cell stack 8 includes step S21 and step S22 at the time of cold start.
Step S21: the heating power of the heater 4 is set.
Step S22: heater 4 reading power Pset-a time map.
Step S23: the heater 4 according to the power P obtainedsetHeating is performed in a time diagram.
When the fuel cell (electric pile or system) is in cold start, the fuel cell (electric pile or system) needs to be heated in an auxiliary way, and the power P of the heater 4 is requiredset Heater 4 reading power PsetA time diagram, during which the heater 4 is automatically operated until the end of the process, as shown in figure 3.
The method for quickly pre-cooling and auxiliary heating the fuel cell provided by the invention quickly cools the fuel cell stack 8 by matching the industrial refrigerator 1 with the fuel cell cooling circulation loop 100, thereby improving the speed of the fuel cell reaching the low-temperature cold start temperature. In addition, the heater 4 is used for auxiliary heating of the fuel cell stack 8, so that the temperature rise speed of the fuel cell in the low-temperature cold start test process is increased.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to the embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and inventive features disclosed herein.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A system for quickly precooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell is characterized by comprising an industrial refrigerator, a heat exchanger, a water pump, a heater, a first switch valve, a second switch valve and a third switch valve;
an outlet of the industrial refrigerator is in conduction connection with a first inlet of the heat exchanger, and an inlet of the industrial refrigerator is in conduction connection with a first outlet of the heat exchanger;
the second outlet of the heat exchanger is in conduction connection with the inlet of the first switch valve, the outlet of the first switch valve is in conduction connection with the inlet of the water pump, the outlet of the water pump is in conduction connection with the flow channel inlet of the fuel cell stack, the flow channel outlet of the fuel cell stack is in conduction connection with the inlet of the heater, the outlet of the heater is in conduction connection with the inlet of the second switch valve, and the outlet of the second switch valve is in conduction connection with the second inlet of the heat exchanger;
an outlet of the third switch valve is in conductive connection with an outlet of the first switch valve and an inlet of the water pump, and an inlet of the third switch valve is in conductive connection with an outlet of the heater and an inlet of the second switch valve;
before the fuel cell stack is cold started and rapid refrigeration is needed, the heater does not work, the first switch valve and the second switch valve are opened, the third switch valve is closed, and a cooling loop for cooling the fuel cell stack forms a fuel cell cooling circulation loop;
when the fuel cell stack is in cold start, the heater works to heat, the first switch valve and the second switch valve are closed, the third switch valve is opened, and a heating loop for heating the fuel cell stack forms a fuel cell heating circulation loop.
2. The system for rapid pre-cooling and supplemental heating of a fuel cell according to claim 1, further comprising a first temperature sensor;
the first temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet of a flow channel of the fuel cell stack.
3. The system for rapid pre-cooling and supplemental heating of a fuel cell according to claim 2, further comprising a second temperature sensor;
the second temperature sensor is arranged at the inlet of the flow channel of the fuel cell stack.
4. The system for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell according to claim 3, further comprising a reservoir;
the liquid storage tank is arranged on a pipeline for conducting the heater and the fuel cell stack.
5. The system for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell according to claim 4, further comprising a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor;
the first pressure sensor is arranged on a pipeline for conducting the heater and the fuel cell stack and is positioned between the liquid storage tank and the first temperature sensor;
the second pressure sensor is arranged on a pipeline for conducting the water pump and the fuel cell stack and is positioned between the second temperature sensor and the water pump.
6. The system for rapid pre-cooling and supplemental heating of a fuel cell according to claim 5, further comprising a flow meter;
the inlet of the flowmeter is in conductive connection with the outlet of the water pump;
and the outlet of the flow meter is in conduction connection with the flow channel inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the flow meter is positioned between the second pressure sensor and the water pump.
7. The system for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a fourth switching valve and a fifth switching valve;
an inlet of the fourth switching valve is in conductive connection with an outlet of the heater, and an outlet of the fourth switching valve is in conductive connection with an inlet of the second switching valve and an inlet of the third switching valve;
and the inlet of the fifth switch valve is in conductive connection with the outlet of the first switch valve and the outlet of the third switch valve, and the outlet of the fifth switch valve is in conductive connection with the inlet of the water pump.
8. The system for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell according to claim 7, further comprising a sixth switching valve and a seventh switching valve;
an inlet of the sixth switching valve is in conductive connection with an inlet of the second switching valve, an outlet of the fourth switching valve and an inlet of the third switching valve;
and the inlet of the seventh switch valve is in conductive connection with the outlet of the first switch valve, the outlet of the third switch valve and the inlet of the fifth switch valve.
9. A method for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell, characterized in that the system for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used, comprising the following steps:
before the fuel cell stack is cold started and rapid refrigeration is needed, opening the first switch valve and the second switch valve, closing the third switch valve, simultaneously starting the industrial refrigerator and the water pump, not starting the heating function of the heater, and continuously operating the fuel cell cooling circulation loop to cool the fuel cell stack until the fuel cell stack reaches the cold start temperature;
when the fuel cell stack is in cold start, the third switch valve is opened, the first switch valve and the second switch valve are closed, the heating function of the heater is started, and the fuel cell heating circulation loop continuously operates to heat the fuel cell stack until the fuel cell stack reaches a preset temperature.
10. The method for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of a fuel cell according to claim 9, wherein the temperature of the fuel cell stack reaching the cold start-up temperature is measured by a second temperature sensor disposed at an outlet of a flow channel of the fuel cell stack;
the fuel cell stack reaches the preset temperature, and the heating of the heater with the preset heating power is realized within the preset time.
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| CN202010614152.6A CN111725536A (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | System and method for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of fuel cell |
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| CN202010614152.6A CN111725536A (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | System and method for rapid pre-cooling and auxiliary heating of fuel cell |
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Address after: 201800 No. 1788, xiechun Road, Anting Town, Jiading District, Shanghai Applicant after: Shanghai jiehydrogen Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 201804 unit 10, No.17, Lane 56, Antuo Road, Jiading District, Shanghai Applicant before: Shanghai Jet Hydrogen Technology Co.,Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20200929 |