CN107492674B - Thermal management system, method and control pipeline for hydrogen fuel cell - Google Patents
Thermal management system, method and control pipeline for hydrogen fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN107492674B CN107492674B CN201710684082.XA CN201710684082A CN107492674B CN 107492674 B CN107492674 B CN 107492674B CN 201710684082 A CN201710684082 A CN 201710684082A CN 107492674 B CN107492674 B CN 107492674B
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
- B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a thermal management system, a method and a control pipeline of a hydrogen fuel cell, wherein the system comprises the following components: the device comprises a hydrogen fuel cell control unit, a hydrogen fuel cell, a temperature sensor, a water pump, two three-way electromagnetic valves, a radiator and a heating device; the hydrogen fuel cell control unit controls the on-off state and the trend of a waterway in a pipeline by controlling the on-off state of a three-way electromagnetic valve and the opening of a water pump, and selects a radiator and a heating device to start and stop according to the temperature so as to heat, dissipate heat and preserve heat of the system; the invention regulates and controls according to the water temperature, ensures that the hydrogen fuel cell always works in a proper environment, and improves the working efficiency and the service life of the hydrogen fuel cell.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of battery technologies, and in particular, to a thermal management system, a method and a control pipeline for a hydrogen fuel cell.
Background
Unlike a conventional battery, a fuel cell is an energy conversion device that converts chemical energy into electric energy through a chemical reaction as an energy storage device. As a new energy source, fuel cells are increasingly being popularized and applied due to their high efficiency and low pollution.
Hydrogen fuel cell automobiles have been under development by various manufacturers for their high range of conventional vehicles and low pollution of all electric buses. However, the output voltage of the hydrogen fuel cell and the life thereof are greatly affected by the change of the ambient temperature: when the temperature is too high, the problems of electrolyte evaporation, catalyst crystallization and the like are caused, and when the temperature is too low, the chemical reaction rate is reduced and the output voltage is too low; the operating environment temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell must be suitable to ensure its operating performance and life. The hydrogen fuel cell needs deionized water or glycol water solution for heating or cooling, and too high conductivity of the deionized water or glycol water solution can reduce the internal ion reaction rate of the hydrogen fuel cell, thereby affecting the working efficiency of the fuel cell.
Therefore, how to reasonably control the working environment of the hydrogen fuel cell and ensure the working efficiency and the working life of the fuel cell is a technical problem which is still needed to be solved by the technicians in the field at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a thermal management system, a method and a control pipeline for a hydrogen fuel cell, wherein the temperature is sensed by a temperature sensor, a hydrogen fuel cell control unit judges whether the hydrogen fuel cell is at a proper working temperature, and the water pump is started, the on-off of two three-way electromagnetic valves, the radiator and the heating device are controlled to start and stop, so as to heat, cool and preserve heat the temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell, so that the hydrogen fuel cell is in a proper working environment, the efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell is improved, and the problems of the influence on the service life of the hydrogen fuel cell due to the evaporation of electrolyte, the crystallization of catalyst and the like are avoided.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a control line for a thermal management system for a hydrogen fuel cell, comprising: the radiator (1), the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3), the water pump (7), the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) and the heating device (9); the water outlet of the radiator (1) is connected with the water inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell (5); the water outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell (5) is sequentially connected with a water pump (7) and a heating device (9); a second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the water pump (7) and the heating device (9), the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) is a three-way electromagnetic valve, and a third interface of the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) is connected with a water inlet of the heat radiating device (1); a first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the heat radiating device (1) and the hydrogen fuel cell (5), the first three-way electromagnetic valve is a three-way electromagnetic valve, and a third interface of the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) is connected to a pipeline between the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) and the heat radiating device (1); the other end of the heating device (9) is connected to a pipeline between the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) and the hydrogen fuel cell (5); the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) and the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) are used for controlling the trend of liquid in the pipeline.
Further, the radiator also comprises an expansion water tank (10), wherein the expansion water tank (10) is connected with the radiator (1) through an emptying pipe (21) for discharging steam in the pipeline.
Further, a three-way steel pipe (6) is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the hydrogen fuel cell (5) and the water pump (7), and is connected with the expansion water tank (10) for adding deionized water or glycol water solution to the system by the expansion water tank (10).
Further, a deionizing device (2) is also arranged on the connecting pipeline between the radiator (1) and the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3).
Further, a filter (4) is also arranged on the connecting pipeline between the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) and the hydrogen fuel cell (5).
Based on another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a thermal management system for a hydrogen fuel cell, including: a temperature sensor (22), a hydrogen fuel cell control unit (23) and a control line according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
the temperature sensor (22) is arranged at the water inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell (5), and is used for acquiring a temperature signal after the whole vehicle power supply supplies power and sending the temperature signal to the hydrogen fuel cell control unit (23);
the hydrogen fuel cell control unit (23) judges whether heating or heat dissipation is needed according to the acquired temperature signals, and controls the on-off of the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) and the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) and the start and stop of the radiator (1) and the heating device (9) according to the judging result to control the temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell.
Further, when the hydrogen fuel cell control unit (23) judges that the hydrogen fuel cell needs to be heated, the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) is controlled to conduct the radiator (1) to a pipeline between the heating device (9) and the hydrogen fuel cell (5), the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) is controlled to conduct the pipeline between the hydrogen fuel cell (5) and the heating device (9), the water pump (7) and the heating device (9) are controlled to be started, and liquid in the pipeline is heated and then supplied to the hydrogen fuel cell (5).
Further, when the hydrogen fuel cell control unit (23) judges that the hydrogen fuel cell needs to dissipate heat, the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) is controlled to conduct a pipeline between the radiator (1) and the heating device (9) and the hydrogen fuel cell (5), the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) is controlled to conduct a pipeline between the water pump (7) and the radiator (1), the water pump (7) and the radiator (1) are controlled to be started, and liquid in the pipeline is cooled and then supplied to the hydrogen fuel cell (5).
Further, when the hydrogen fuel cell control unit (23) judges that heating and heat dissipation are not needed, the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) is controlled to conduct a pipeline between the radiator (1) and the hydrogen fuel cell (5) and a pipeline between the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) and the radiator (1), the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) is controlled to conduct a pipeline between the water pump (7) and the radiator (1), and the water pump (7) is controlled to start, so that liquid is circularly insulated in the pipeline.
Based on another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for thermal management of a hydrogen fuel cell, employing a control line according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
step 1: setting the proper working temperature range of the hydrogen fuel cell as [ T1, T2], wherein the hydrogen fuel cell control unit (23) receives a temperature signal sent by the temperature sensor (22) at the water inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell, marks as T3, compares the temperature signal with the lowest temperature T1 of the proper working temperature, if T3 is less than T1, enters the step 2, otherwise, enters the step 3;
step 2: the hydrogen fuel cell control unit (23) controls the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) to conduct the radiator (1) to a pipeline between the heating device (9) and the hydrogen fuel cell (5), controls the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) to conduct the pipeline between the hydrogen fuel cell (5) and the heating device (9), and controls the water pump (7) and the heating device (9) to start, so that liquid in the pipeline is heated and then supplied to the hydrogen fuel cell (5);
step 3: comparing the T3 with the lowest temperature T2 with proper working temperature, if T3 is more than T2, entering the step 4, otherwise entering the step 5;
step 4: the hydrogen fuel cell control unit (23) controls the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) to conduct the pipeline between the radiator and the heating device and the hydrogen fuel cell, controls the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) to conduct the pipeline between the water pump (7) and the radiator (1), controls the water pump (7) and the radiator (1) to start, and cools liquid in the pipeline and then supplies the cooled liquid to the hydrogen fuel cell (5);
step 5: the hydrogen fuel cell control unit (23) controls the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) to conduct the pipeline between the radiator (1) and the hydrogen fuel cell (5) and the heating device (5) and the pipeline between the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) and the radiator (1), and controls the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) to conduct the pipeline between the water pump (7) and the radiator (1), so that liquid circulates in the pipeline.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the thermal management system can complete heating, heat dissipation and heat preservation of the hydrogen fuel cell, so that the hydrogen fuel cell always works in a proper temperature range, the working efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell is improved, and the problems that the service life of the hydrogen fuel cell is influenced by electrolyte evaporation, catalyst crystallization and the like are avoided;
2. the deionizing device is introduced into the thermal management system, so that the conductivity of deionized water or glycol aqueous solution can be controlled, and the chemical reaction rate in the hydrogen fuel cell can be ensured;
3. according to the invention, the liquid is heated or cooled, and then the temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell is regulated in a mode of heating or cooling the hydrogen fuel cell by the liquid, so that the time required by regulating the temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell can be obviously shortened, and the consumption of electric energy is reduced;
4. the invention can be applied to electric vehicles and occasions needing hydrogen fuel cell temperature management.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a piping connection diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a control flow diagram of the present invention.
Wherein 1, radiator, 2, deionizer, 3, first three-way solenoid valve, 4, filter, 5, hydrogen fuel cell, 6, three-way steel pipe, 7, water pump, 8, second three-way solenoid valve, 9, heating device, 10, expansion tank, 11, first rubber tube, 12, second rubber tube, 13, third rubber tube, 14, fourth rubber tube, 15, fifth rubber tube, 16, sixth rubber tube, 17, seventh rubber tube, 18, eighth rubber tube, 19, ninth rubber tube, 20, tenth rubber tube, 21, evacuation tube, 22, temperature sensor, 23, hydrogen fuel cell control unit.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
Example 1
This embodiment is a control line of a thermal management system of a hydrogen fuel cell, as shown in fig. 1, including: the radiator 1, the first three-way electromagnetic valve 3, the water pump 7, the second three-way electromagnetic valve 8 and the heating device 9;
the water outlet of the radiator 1 is connected with the water inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 5; the water outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 5 is sequentially connected with a water pump 7 and a heating device 9; a second three-way electromagnetic valve 8 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the water pump 7 and the heating device 9 and is a three-way electromagnetic valve, and a third interface of the second three-way electromagnetic valve 8 is connected with a water inlet of the heat radiating device 1; a first three-way electromagnetic valve 3 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the heat radiating device 1 and the hydrogen fuel cell 5 and is a three-way electromagnetic valve, and a third interface of the first three-way electromagnetic valve 3 is connected to a pipeline between the second three-way electromagnetic valve 8 and the heat radiating device 1; the other end of the heating device 9 is connected to a pipeline between the first three-way electromagnetic valve 3 and the hydrogen fuel cell 5.
The first three-way electromagnetic valve 3 and the second three-way electromagnetic valve 8 are used for controlling the on-off and trend of the waterway. The liquid in the pipeline is deionized water or glycol water solution. The radiator 1 is used for cooling deionized water or glycol water solution in the system, the water pump 7 is used for pumping the deionized water or glycol water solution in the system, and the heating device 9 is used for heating the deionized water or glycol water solution in the system.
Preferably, a deionizing device 2 is further installed on the connecting pipeline between the radiator 1 and the first three-way electromagnetic valve 3, and is used for adsorbing conductive ions in deionized water or glycol water solution. A filter 4 is also installed on the connecting pipeline between the first three-way electromagnetic valve 3 and the hydrogen fuel cell 5, and the filter 4 is used for filtering impurities in deionized water or glycol water solution. The radiator 1 is also connected to an expansion tank 10, which expansion tank 10 is connected to the radiator 1 via an evacuation pipe 21 for the evacuation of the vapour in the pipeline. And a three-way steel pipe 6 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the hydrogen fuel cell 5 and the water pump 7 and is connected with the expansion water tank 10, and the three-way steel pipe is used for adding solution into the system by the expansion water tank 10.
To describe the present embodiment more clearly, the communication pipeline between the devices in the pipeline is defined as follows: a first hose 11, a second hose 12, a third hose 13, a fourth hose 14, a fifth hose 15, a sixth hose 16, a seventh hose 17, an eighth hose 18, a ninth hose 19, a tenth hose 20, and an evacuation pipe 21;
the specific connection mode is as follows: the first rubber tube 11 is used for connecting the water outlet of the radiator 1 with the deionizer 2, the second rubber tube 12 is used for connecting the deionizer 2 with the first three-way electromagnetic valve 3, the third rubber tube 13 is a three-way rubber tube, the first three-way electromagnetic valve 3 is connected with the heating device 9 and the filter 4, the fourth rubber tube 14 is used for connecting the filter 4 with the water inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 5, the fifth rubber tube 15 is used for connecting the water outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 5 with the three-way steel tube 6, the sixth rubber tube 16 is used for connecting the three-way steel tube 6 with the water inlet of the water pump 7, the seventh rubber tube 17 is used for connecting the water outlet of the water pump 7 with the second three-way electromagnetic valve 8, the eighth rubber tube 18 is a three-way rubber tube, the third rubber tube is used for connecting the first three-way electromagnetic valve 3 with the second three-way electromagnetic valve 8 and the water inlet of the radiator 1, the ninth rubber tube 19 is used for connecting the second three-way electromagnetic valve 8 with the heating device 9, the tenth rubber tube 20 is used for connecting the expansion water tank 10 with the three-way steel tube 6, the drain tube 21 is used for connecting the radiator 1 with the water tank 10 and the water outlet of the expansion water tank 10.
Example two
Based on the control pipe, the present embodiment provides a thermal management system for a hydrogen fuel cell, as shown in fig. 2, including: a temperature sensor 22, a hydrogen fuel cell control unit 23 and the control piping described in the first embodiment,
the temperature sensor 22 is arranged at the water inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 5, and is used for acquiring a temperature signal after the power supply of the whole vehicle is supplied and sending the temperature signal to the hydrogen fuel cell control unit 23; the hydrogen fuel cell control unit 23 judges whether heating or heat dissipation is needed according to the obtained temperature signal, and controls the on-off of the first three-way electromagnetic valve 3 and the second three-way electromagnetic valve 8 and the start and stop of the radiator 1 and the heating device 9 according to the judging result to control the temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell.
When the hydrogen fuel cell control unit 23 determines that the hydrogen fuel cell 5 needs to be heated, it controls the first three-way electromagnetic valve 3 to conduct the radiator 1 to the pipeline between the heating device 9 and the hydrogen fuel cell 5 (i.e., conduct the second rubber pipe 12 and the third rubber pipe 13), controls the second three-way electromagnetic valve 8 to conduct the pipeline between the hydrogen fuel cell 5 and the heating device 9 (i.e., conduct the seventh rubber pipe 17 and the ninth rubber pipe 19), and controls the water pump 7 and the heating device 9 to start, and heats the liquid in the pipeline and then supplies the heated liquid to the hydrogen fuel cell 5.
When the hydrogen fuel cell control unit 23 determines that the hydrogen fuel cell 5 needs to dissipate heat, it controls the first three-way electromagnetic valve 3 to conduct the radiator 1 to the pipeline between the heating device 9 and the hydrogen fuel cell 5 (i.e., conduct the second and third hoses 12 and 13), controls the second three-way electromagnetic valve 8 to conduct the pipeline between the water pump 7 and the radiator 1 (i.e., conduct the seventh and eighth hoses 17 and 18), and controls the water pump 7 and the radiator 1 to start, and cools the liquid in the pipeline and then supplies the cooled liquid to the hydrogen fuel cell 5.
When the hydrogen fuel cell control unit 23 judges that heating and heat dissipation are not needed, the first three-way electromagnetic valve 3 is controlled to conduct the pipeline between the radiator 1 and the hydrogen fuel cell 5 and the heating device 5 and the pipeline between the second three-way electromagnetic valve 8 and the radiator 1 (namely, the third rubber pipe 13 and the eighth rubber pipe 18 are conducted), the second three-way electromagnetic valve 8 is controlled to conduct the pipeline between the water pump 7 and the radiator 1 (namely, the seventh rubber pipe 17 and the eighth rubber pipe 18 are conducted), and the water pump 7 is controlled to start, so that the liquid is circulated and kept warm in the pipeline.
Example III
Based on the control pipeline, the present embodiment provides a method for thermal management of a hydrogen fuel cell, and the control pipeline in the first embodiment is adopted, and a flowchart is shown in fig. 3, and includes the following steps:
step 1: setting the proper working temperature range of the hydrogen fuel cell as [ T1, T2], wherein the hydrogen fuel cell control unit (23) receives a temperature signal sent by the temperature sensor (22) at the water inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell, marks as T3, compares the temperature signal with the lowest temperature T1 of the proper working temperature, if T3 is less than T1, enters the step 2, otherwise, enters the step 3;
step 2: the hydrogen fuel cell control unit (23) controls the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) to conduct the pipeline between the radiator (1) and the heating device (9) and the hydrogen fuel cell (5) (namely, conduct the second rubber pipe (12) and the third rubber pipe (13)), controls the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) to conduct the pipeline between the hydrogen fuel cell (5) and the heating device (9) (namely, conduct the seventh rubber pipe (17) and the ninth rubber pipe (19)), and controls the water pump (7) and the heating device (9) to start, and supplies the liquid in the pipeline to the hydrogen fuel cell (5) after heating;
step 3: comparing the T3 with the lowest temperature T2 with proper working temperature, if T3 is more than T2, entering the step 4, otherwise entering the step 5;
step 4: the hydrogen fuel cell control unit 23 controls the first three-way electromagnetic valve 3 to conduct the radiator 1 to the pipeline between the heating device 9 and the hydrogen fuel cell 5 (i.e., conduct the second rubber pipe 12 and the third rubber pipe 13), controls the second three-way electromagnetic valve 8 to conduct the water pump 7 to the pipeline between the radiator 1 (i.e., conduct the seventh rubber pipe 17 and the eighth rubber pipe 18), and controls the water pump 7 and the radiator 1 to start, and cools the liquid in the pipeline and then supplies the cooled liquid to the hydrogen fuel cell 5;
step 5: the hydrogen fuel cell control unit 23 controls the first three-way electromagnetic valve 3 to conduct the piping between the radiator 1 and the hydrogen fuel cell 5 and the heating device 5 and the piping between the second three-way electromagnetic valve 8 and the radiator 1 (i.e., conduct the third hose 13 and the eighth hose 18), controls the second three-way electromagnetic valve 8 to conduct the piping between the water pump 7 and the radiator 1 (i.e., conduct the seventh hose 17 and the eighth hose 18), and controls the water pump 7 to start, circulates the liquid inside the piping, and keeps the hydrogen fuel cell warm.
The temperature sensor senses the temperature, the hydrogen fuel cell control unit judges whether the temperature is at a proper working temperature, and the water pump is started, the on-off of the two three-way electromagnetic valves, the radiator and the heating device are controlled to start and stop, so that the temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell is heated, cooled and kept warm, and the hydrogen fuel cell is ensured to work in a certain temperature range; the deionized liquid is adopted to heat or cool the hydrogen fuel cell, so that the working environment of the hydrogen fuel cell is ensured in terms of temperature and solution, and the working efficiency and the service life of the hydrogen fuel cell are improved. The hydrogen fuel cell thermal management system, method and control pipeline of the invention can be applied to any occasion needing hydrogen fuel cell temperature regulation.
While the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present invention has been presented in conjunction with the drawings, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather, it is intended to cover all modifications or variations within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A control line for a thermal management system for a hydrogen fuel cell, comprising: the radiator (1), the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3), the water pump (7), the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) and the heating device (9); the water outlet of the radiator (1) is connected with the water inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell (5); the water outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell (5) is sequentially connected with a water pump (7) and a heating device (9); a second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the water pump (7) and the heating device (9), the second three-way electromagnetic valve is a three-way electromagnetic valve, and a third interface of the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) is connected with a water inlet of the heat radiating device (1); a first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the heat radiating device (1) and the hydrogen fuel cell (5), the first three-way electromagnetic valve is a three-way electromagnetic valve, and a third interface of the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) is connected to a pipeline between the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) and the heat radiating device (1); the other end of the heating device (9) is connected to a pipeline between the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) and the hydrogen fuel cell (5); the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) and the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) are used for controlling the trend of liquid in the pipeline;
when the hydrogen fuel cell control unit (23) judges that heating and heat dissipation are not needed, the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) is controlled to conduct a pipeline between the radiator (1) and the hydrogen fuel cell (5) and the heating device (9) and a pipeline between the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) and the radiator (1), the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) is controlled to conduct a pipeline between the water pump (7) and the radiator (1), and the water pump (7) is controlled to start, so that liquid is circularly insulated in the pipeline;
the radiator also comprises an expansion water tank (10), wherein the expansion water tank (10) is connected with the radiator (1) through an emptying pipe (21) and is used for discharging steam in a pipeline;
and a deionizing device (2) is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the radiator (1) and the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) and is used for removing conductive ions in liquid in the pipeline.
2. A control line for a thermal management system for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that a three-way steel pipe (6) is installed on the connection line between the hydrogen fuel cell (5) and the water pump (7), and is connected to the expansion tank (10), for the expansion tank (10) to fill the system with deionized water or an aqueous glycol solution.
3. A control line for a thermal management system for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein a filter (4) is provided in the connection between the first three-way solenoid valve (3) and the hydrogen fuel cell (5) for adsorbing impurities in the liquid in the line.
4. A thermal management system for a hydrogen fuel cell, comprising: a temperature sensor (22), a hydrogen fuel cell control unit (23) and a control line according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the temperature sensor (22) is arranged at the water inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell (5), and is used for acquiring a temperature signal after the whole vehicle power supply supplies power and sending the temperature signal to the hydrogen fuel cell control unit (23);
the hydrogen fuel cell control unit (23) judges whether heating or heat dissipation is needed according to the acquired temperature signals, and controls the on-off of the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) and the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) and the start and stop of the radiator (1) and the heating device (9) according to the judging result to control the temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell.
5. A thermal management system for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 4, wherein when the hydrogen fuel cell control unit (23) determines that the hydrogen fuel cell needs to be heated, the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) is controlled to conduct the radiator (1) to a pipeline between the heating device (9) and the hydrogen fuel cell (5), the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) is controlled to conduct the pipeline between the hydrogen fuel cell (5) and the heating device (9), and the water pump (7) and the heating device (9) are controlled to be started to heat the liquid in the pipeline and then supply the heated liquid to the hydrogen fuel cell (5).
6. A thermal management system for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 4, wherein when the hydrogen fuel cell control unit (23) determines that the hydrogen fuel cell needs to dissipate heat, the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) is controlled to conduct the radiator (1) to a pipeline between the heating device (9) and the hydrogen fuel cell (5), the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) is controlled to conduct the water pump (7) to a pipeline between the radiator (1), and the water pump (7) and the radiator (1) are controlled to be started, and the liquid in the pipeline is cooled and then supplied to the hydrogen fuel cell (5).
7. A method of thermal management of a hydrogen fuel cell employing the control line according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
step 1: setting the proper working temperature range of the hydrogen fuel cell as [ T1, T2], wherein the hydrogen fuel cell control unit (23) receives a temperature signal sent by the temperature sensor (22) at the water inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell, marks as T3, compares the temperature signal with the lowest temperature T1 of the proper working temperature, if T3 is less than T1, enters the step 2, otherwise, enters the step 3;
step 2: the hydrogen fuel cell control unit (23) controls the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) to conduct the radiator (1) to a pipeline between the heating device (9) and the hydrogen fuel cell (5), controls the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) to conduct the pipeline between the hydrogen fuel cell (5) and the heating device (9), and controls the water pump (7) and the heating device (9) to start, so that liquid in the pipeline is heated and then supplied to the hydrogen fuel cell (5);
step 3: comparing the T3 with the lowest temperature T2 with proper working temperature, if T3 is more than T2, entering the step 4, otherwise entering the step 5;
step 4: the hydrogen fuel cell control unit (23) controls the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) to conduct the pipeline between the radiator and the heating device and the hydrogen fuel cell, controls the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) to conduct the pipeline between the water pump (7) and the radiator (1), controls the water pump (7) and the radiator (1) to start, and cools liquid in the pipeline and then supplies the cooled liquid to the hydrogen fuel cell (5);
step 5: the hydrogen fuel cell control unit (23) controls the first three-way electromagnetic valve (3) to conduct the pipeline between the radiator (1) and the hydrogen fuel cell (5) and the heating device (9) and the pipeline between the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) and the radiator (1), and controls the second three-way electromagnetic valve (8) to conduct the pipeline between the water pump (7) and the radiator (1), so that liquid circulates in the pipeline.
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| CN109728330B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-31 | 郑州佛光发电设备有限公司 | Fuel cell system and thermal management method thereof |
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| CN102496730A (en) * | 2011-11-24 | 2012-06-13 | 新源动力股份有限公司 | Thermal management system for low temperature starting of fuel cell power generation system and method thereof |
| CN106328971A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-11 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Cooling system of hydrogen energy tramcar fuel cell |
| CN207398272U (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2018-05-22 | 中通客车控股股份有限公司 | The heat management system and control piper of hydrogen fuel cell |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102496730A (en) * | 2011-11-24 | 2012-06-13 | 新源动力股份有限公司 | Thermal management system for low temperature starting of fuel cell power generation system and method thereof |
| CN106328971A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-11 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Cooling system of hydrogen energy tramcar fuel cell |
| CN207398272U (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2018-05-22 | 中通客车控股股份有限公司 | The heat management system and control piper of hydrogen fuel cell |
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