CN111721902A - Sewage monitoring device - Google Patents
Sewage monitoring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111721902A CN111721902A CN201910205686.0A CN201910205686A CN111721902A CN 111721902 A CN111721902 A CN 111721902A CN 201910205686 A CN201910205686 A CN 201910205686A CN 111721902 A CN111721902 A CN 111721902A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
- G01N21/643—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes" non-biological material
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- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/05—Programmable logic controllers, e.g. simulating logic interconnections of signals according to ladder diagrams or function charts
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sewage monitoring device, which comprises a sample collector, a programmable logic controller, a dissolved oxygen sensor and an uploading unit, wherein the sample collector is connected with the programmable logic controller; the PLC acquires and analyzes corresponding data in the sewage through the sample collector and the dissolved oxygen sensor to obtain various pollution values, and then controls the oxygen generation equipment and sends the data through the uploading unit. The device has compact and reasonable structural layout, and the electric control part and the fluid part are completely isolated and separated clearly in a partition mode, so that the monitoring safety is ensured, and the protection level of the system is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to a sewage monitoring device.
Background
With the continuous development of industry, the usage amount of water resources is increased, and only less than 1% of fresh water is available on the earth, and only about 0.007% of the fresh water can be directly used by human beings, so that the water resource saving and the water resource recycling are the focus of attention. In the reuse of water resources, sewage treatment is the most important. Domestic sewage is sewage with higher and higher specific gravity in the society at present, has produced very big influence to natural environment and human life, and nitrogen, phosphorus, grease content in the domestic sewage are higher, only adopt physical method and chemical agent, often consume a large amount of manpower and materials, and the effect is also not too obvious, and the use of a large amount of chemical agent also can cause the burden to the environment, and pollutant emission increases by a wide margin, and environmental protection lags behind, and the treatment level can not follow the high development of economy, causes a large amount of pollutants to get into the water along with sewage, rubbish, precipitation and runoff etc. leads to environmental quality to worsen. Eutrophication of water is one of the important signs of extreme deterioration of water quality and is a serious problem in water pollution worldwide today. More and more pollutants enter the water body, so that aquatic plankton, particularly algae are greatly propagated, serious eutrophication phenomenon is caused, a series of vicious cycles are caused, and the eutrophication of some rivers, ponds and reservoirs is serious and the utilization function is completely lost. After the pond reservoir is built, the water flow speed is slowed down, and the self-cleaning capacity of the water body is reduced. The main indexes of the black and odorous water body are that the transparency is lower than 10 cm, the dissolved oxygen in the water is lower than 0.2mg/L, the oxidation-reduction potential is lower than-200, and the ammonia nitrogen is higher than 15 mg/L.
At present, pollution source control and ecological restoration methods are mainly adopted for treatment. The artificial wetland is a continuously evolving sewage land treatment technology, and the basic principle of the water quality purification technology of the ecological system of the artificial wetland is as follows: planting specific plants on a certain filler, adding sewage to a marsh-like wetland constructed on people, filtering the sewage by sand and stone and soil when the sewage flows through the artificial wetland, biochemically degrading and precipitating through aerobic and anaerobic reaction micro units in a matrix filler sand layer and various microorganism activities of plant roots one by one, and reducing the concentration of pollutants to purify the water until the water is discharged after reaching the standard. The treatment process comprises biochemical reaction, such as decomposition and anabolism, and plant absorption; physical and chemical reactions, such as precipitation adsorption and the like. The removal of suspended particulate matter is primarily filtration and gravity sedimentation. The reed planted on the surface of the filter bed has developed root system which can not only bring oxygen into the filter bed, but also effectively increase hydraulic conductivity and prevent the filter bed from hardening. The patent "a treatment method and device for black and odorous water body and eutrophication water body and application" patent number: CN201610997109.6 discloses a treatment method for black and odorous water and eutrophic water, and a device and application thereof, the main contents of which are as follows: (1) river sediment treatment, (2) a bypass high-efficiency bioreactor, (3) river oxygenation, and (4) microbial preparation and growth promoter addition. The pretreatment is carried out through a bypass high-efficiency bioreactor, and the measures of microbial decomposition and ecological restoration can effectively control black and odorous and eutrophication water body pollution sources; the black and odorous substances and the eutrophic water body bottom mud are cleared up through the digestion function, so that the endogenous pollution is reduced; the water quality of the black and odorous and eutrophic water body is maintained by coordinating the bypass high-efficiency bioreactor technology and the oxygenation technology, and a feasible restoration method is provided for the treatment of the black and odorous and eutrophic water body by improving the self-purification capacity of the water body. The patent "method and its facilities for treating eutrophic water body by using wetland on human, patent number: CN200810124330.6 is that a pumping pipeline sends eutrophic water to be treated into an up-flow coarse filter bed, the up-flow coarse filter bed removes suspended matters and algae substances in the eutrophic water, the water treated by the up-flow coarse filter bed is uniformly distributed to a vertical flow ecological filter bed through a water transmission and distribution system, secondary biochemical treatment is carried out by the vertical flow ecological filter bed, and the effluent is recycled; and the deposited sludge in the upflow coarse filter bed is discharged into a sludge drying filter bed for stabilization treatment, and the wet sludge filtrate flows back to the upflow coarse filter bed for retreatment. The eutrophic water body is treated by the treatment modes through a complex ecological system, the process is complicated, and the specific implementation and application are difficult.
In the prior art, water is manually taken in situ for monitoring sewage, and then water quality is analyzed, and in the monitoring mode, a water taking point can only be on the shore, and a sample is single; the depth of water taking is limited; on the other hand, water quality cannot be monitored in real time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to improve and innovate the prior art and provide a sewage monitoring device in a combined mode. The sewage monitoring device samples sewage in real time, analyzes data and uploads an analysis result. And comparing the sampled oxygen value with a preset value, starting the oxygen generation equipment if the sampled oxygen value is lower than the preset value, and otherwise, stopping the oxygen generation equipment from running if the sampled oxygen value is higher than the preset value, so that the dissolved oxygen value of the water body is always kept within a set interval range.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows. A sewage monitoring device comprises a sample collector, a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), a dissolved oxygen sensor (DO) and an uploading unit; the PLC acquires and analyzes corresponding data in the sewage through the sample collector and the dissolved oxygen sensor to obtain various pollution values, and then controls the oxygen generation equipment and sends the data through the uploading unit.
Further, the sample collector is an organic glass water sampler and comprises a barrel body, two semicircular upper covers with shafts, a movable bottom plate, a lead block, a thermometer, a rubber tube and a water stop clamp; the barrel body is a transparent organic glass barrel body.
Further, the programmable logic controller completes the acquisition, analysis and processing of monitoring data; the collected data are compared and judged with the preset dissolved oxygen value after operation and analysis, if the collected data are lower than the preset dissolved oxygen value, the oxygen generation equipment is started, otherwise, the collected data are higher than the preset value, and the oxygen generation equipment is stopped.
Further, the dissolved oxygen sensor is used for measuring the oxygen content in water, the measuring range is 0-20 mg/L, namely 0-20 ppm, and the operating temperature is-5-50 ℃.
Furthermore, the uploading unit adopts an automatic online monitor, and data is uploaded by using mobile phone app.
Further, the sample collector is provided with a cleaning unit. Which cleans the various sensors of the device with ultrasound.
Further, the device also comprises a conductivity sensor (COND), which is an inductive conductivity sensor and realizes the measurement of the liquid conductivity according to the electromagnetic induction principle, and is used for monitoring the conductivity in the sewage neutralization process.
Further, the device also comprises a pH value sensor for collecting and monitoring the pH value of the sewage, wherein the stability is +/-0.02 pH/24 h.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the technical application characteristics of the core component of the nano-generator in the field of sewage treatment (namely, rich nano-bubbles are provided for a water body in a short time, so that the dissolved oxygen content of the water body is stably and rapidly increased and maintained for a long time, and thus, the energy is saved, and the efficiency is high), the invention adopts advanced PLC programmable and sensor technology to acquire and analyze data of process variables of main parameters. The nanometer generating device is always operated at the most efficient stage through accurate control, and the variables of the whole working process are recorded to form a curve analysis chart. The newly added ozone preparation and control function can meet the application requirements of a plurality of fields by matching with the nano generator. The device has compact and reasonable structural layout, and the electric control part and the fluid part are completely isolated and separated clearly in a partition mode, so that the monitoring safety is ensured, and the protection level of the system is improved. And an intuitive human-computer interaction touch interface is adopted, so that the whole interface is rich in color, smooth in operation, convenient to operate and easy to master. The communication interface is reserved, the advanced Internet of things technology can be accessed to a cloud platform for remote monitoring, monitoring data can be analyzed and summarized thousands of miles away, remote deployment and local control are achieved, and precious human resources are greatly saved.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sewage monitoring device according to the present invention.
In the figure: the method comprises the following steps of 1-a sample collector, 2-a programmable logic controller, 3-a dissolved oxygen sensor, 4-an uploading unit, 5-a cleaning unit, 6-a conductivity sensor, 7-a pH value sensor, 8-an oxygen generating device and 9-an ozone generator.
Detailed Description
The sewage monitoring device comprises a sample collector 1, a programmable logic controller 2, a dissolved oxygen sensor 3 and an uploading unit 4. The programmable logic controller (2) acquires and analyzes corresponding data in the sewage through the sample collector (1) and the dissolved oxygen sensor (3) to obtain various pollution values, then controls the oxygen generation equipment and sends the data through the uploading unit (4) (terminals such as a mobile phone or a server, and the like), and the PLC can also control the electric conductivity sensor (6), the PH value sensor (7) and the ozone generator (9) to work.
The sample collector comprises a barrel body, two semicircular upper covers with shafts, a movable bottom plate, a lead block, a thermometer, a rubber tube and a water stop clamp. The instrument is automatically opened and closed by the upper and lower movable turnover covers, so that water samples in required depths can be collected, the instrument is convenient to use, and different-depth layered sampling can be performed on liquid for collecting water samples in depths of 0-30m of surface water such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs and the like. The technical parameters are as follows: capacity: 1000mL, 2500mL, 5000 mL; sampling depth: 0-30 m; a thermometer: the temperature measurement error is +/-1 ℃; a water sampling bottle body: organic glass material, counter weight lead block, upper and lower lid can easily overturn, realize opening and shutting. When in use, the rubber tube at the water outlet is firstly clamped, and then the two semicircular upper covers are opened. The water sampler sinks into water, and the water inlet at the bottom is automatically opened. The water sample of different degree of depth layers can be gathered, a rope is above, water is intake below, water is output above, the water sampler stops when the different degree of depth, the water sample of gathering is exactly the water sample of this level. The sinking depth should be marked on the rope, when sinking to the required depth, the rope is lifted, the upper cover and the water inlet are automatically closed, and the water surface is lifted without touching the lower bottom, so as to avoid water leakage. The water outlet rubber tube is stretched into the mouth of the container, the iron clamp is loosened, and the water sample is injected into the container. And (3) quantitative sample collection, wherein an organic glass sampler is adopted for collection in still water and slow flowing water. And cleaning the sample collector by using the ultrasonic wave of the cleaning unit 5 before and after each sample collection.
The sample collector is an organic glass water collector: comprises a barrel body, two semicircular upper covers with shafts, a movable bottom plate, a lead block, a thermometer, a rubber tube and a water stop clamp. The instrument is automatically opened and closed by the upper and lower movable turnover covers, so that water samples in required depths can be collected, the instrument is convenient to use, and different-depth layered sampling can be performed on liquid for collecting water samples in depths of 0-30m of surface water such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs and the like. The technical parameters are as follows: capacity: 1000mL, 2500mL, 5000 mL; sampling depth: 0-30 m; a thermometer: the temperature measurement error is +/-1 ℃; a water sampling bottle body: organic glass material, counter weight lead block, upper and lower lid can easily overturn, realize opening and shutting. And cleaning the barrel body of the sample collector by using ultrasonic waves before collecting the sample each time.
The Programmable Logic Controller 2 (PLC) is an electronic system operated by digital arithmetic, and is designed for application in an industrial environment. It uses a kind of programmable memory for storing program, executing logic operation, sequence control, timing, counting and arithmetic operation, etc. and controls various kinds of machinery or production process by digital or analog input/output. Is the core part of industrial control. As an industrial control computer, the PLC can program various control algorithm programs to complete closed-loop control. The PLC has the functions of mathematical operation (including matrix operation, function operation and logic operation), data transmission, data conversion, sorting, table look-up, bit operation and the like, and can complete the acquisition, analysis and processing of monitoring data. The data are compared and judged with the preset dissolved oxygen value after operation and analysis, if the data are lower than the set value, the oxygen generation equipment is started, otherwise, the data are higher than the set value, the oxygen generation equipment stops running, the dissolved oxygen value of the water body is always kept within the range of the set interval, and therefore the purpose of saving energy is achieved according to the water treatment process. The PLC can also control the operation of a conductivity sensor, a PH value sensor and an ozone generator.
The dissolved oxygen sensor 3(DO) employs a fluorescence quenching technique. When the blue light emitted by the sensor irradiates the fluorescent substance on the fluorescent cap, the fluorescent substance is excited to emit red light, and because the oxygen molecules can take away energy (quenching effect), the time and the intensity of the excited red light are inversely proportional to the concentration of the oxygen molecules, and the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the water can be obtained through calculation. The main characteristics are as follows: the sensor adopts a novel oxygen sensitive film and has an NTC temperature compensation function, and the measurement result has good repeatability and stability; no oxygen consumption is generated during measurement, and no flow rate/stirring requirement exists; the breakthrough fluorescence technology has no membrane and electrolyte, and basically does not need maintenance; a self-diagnosis function is arranged in the system, so that the accuracy of data is ensured; the digital sensor has strong anti-interference capability and long transmission distance; standard digital signal output can be realized without a transmitter to integrate and network with other equipment; the sensor is convenient and quick to install on site, and plug and play is realized. As the dissolved oxygen value is the core of the whole system, the change value of the dissolved oxygen value is drawn into a curve on the human-computer interface of the HMI in the whole monitoring process so as to be convenient for analysis, and the time length of the influence of the dissolved oxygen value of the nano bubbles is recorded.
The uploading unit 4 adopts an automatic online monitor and uploads data by using mobile phone app. Android/iOS application, object of storage OSS, official: http: // www.aliyun.com/product/oss; the RAM/STS is responsible for generating the temporary upload voucher.
The conductivity sensor 6(COND) is an automated instrument developed based on microprocessor design designed for better conductivity monitoring and temperature value monitoring in water treatment control and for continuous accurate measurement and digital distortion-free or remote analog transmission. It has the following characteristics: the volume is small and the installation is convenient; an RS485 communication interface is adopted, and a communication protocol conforms to an MODBUS-RTU mode; the isolated 4-20 mA is output, so that a user can conveniently record or remotely transmit a measured value; the calibration of the sensor by using purified water is supported, so that the measurement accuracy is ensured; the temperature compensation PT1000 temperature measurement circuit eliminates the influence of the linear reactance on temperature measurement.
The oxygen generating equipment can adopt a superfine nano-bubble reactor (UFB), and decompose organic matters by generating a large amount of micro-bubbles with the particle size of 60-160nm to improve the dissolved oxygen rate and effectively activate microorganisms. The bubbles have very small diameters and can stay in water for more than 2 weeks, so that more sufficient oxygen is provided. Even organic matter at the bottom of the water body can be removed. And 1 set of UFB multifunctional reaction device is arranged every 100m or so according to the measurement and calculation of the whole river reach. The operating principle of the UFB device is based on the principle that micro nano bubbles rise slowly in water, stay for a long time, have high dissolving efficiency, and have the characteristics of self-oxygenation, negative charge, free radicals rich in strong oxidizing property and the like, and sewage to be treated is subdivided into nano and micro nano emulsion gas-liquid mixtures through a micro nano bubble system. The degradation of pollutants of sewage generated in the process of bubble collapse and floating; the physical and chemical properties of the micro nano bubbles are fully utilized, and the cavitation degradation, the air film filtration, the disinfection and the sterilization and the solid-liquid separation of the sewage are quickly realized. The gas, liquid and solid multiphase flow micro-interface high-temperature high-pressure reaction ensures that sewage treatment can stably complete multiple operations in one reaction process. Through the aeration of the micro-fine nano bubbles, the dissolved oxygen in the water is greatly improved, the requirements of subsequent water treatment engineering are met, sufficient oxygen is provided for oxygen consuming organisms, the uniform stirring flow of the water body can be promoted, the natural state of the water body is changed, and the laminar flow of the water body is exchanged. The micro nano bubbles in the polluted water body have the characteristics of strong impurity removal, color removal, deodorization, no blockage and prevention of proliferation of algae and bacteria. Compared with the traditional aeration, the method has obvious advantages in the aspects of bubble formation, concentration, uniformity, treatment capacity, energy conservation and power consumption.
The ozone generator 9 (O)3) The method is a process of using high-voltage current with certain frequency to manufacture a high-voltage corona electric field, so that oxygen molecules in or around the electric field generate electrochemical reaction, and oxygen is converted into ozone. The high voltage AC is applied to the high voltage electrode with certain gap in the middle and with insulator to let the dried and purified air or oxygen pass through. When the high-voltage alternating current reaches 10-15KV, blue glow discharge (corona) is generated, and free high-energy ions in the corona are dissociated to form O2Molecule, polymerized to O by collision3Molecule, thereby producing ozone. The ozone generator is made of a titanium dehydroxylation quartz tube, and has the advantages of mature technology, stable work, long service life, large ozone yield (1 Kg/h of a single machine), and the like.
The PLC adopts Siemens S7-300PLC to collect DO dissolved oxygen content value data in the measured water body in real time, the data is compared and judged with a preset DO value after operation and analysis, if the feedback value is lower than the set value, the water pump and the nanometer head of the oxygen generating device 8 are started to work and operate, otherwise, the water pump and the nanometer head of the oxygen generating device 8 are stopped to operate, so that the DO dissolved oxygen value of the water body is always kept in the set interval range, and the purpose of saving energy is achieved by the water treatment process. Because the DO dissolved oxygen value is the core of the whole system, the change value of DO is drawn into a curve on the HMI human-computer interface in the whole monitoring process so as to be convenient for analysis, and the time length of the influence of the DO value of the nano bubbles is recorded. The dissolved oxygen sensor is cleaned by the ultrasonic waves of the cleaning unit 5 before and after each use.
The conductivity value collected by COND6 mainly reflects the change of conductivity of water body after maintaining constant DO value and ozone action. The cleaning unit 5 is used for ultrasonic cleaning before and after each conductivity acquisition.
When the water body needs to be decolored or disinfected, the ozone generator 9 can be selectively started. The action intensity and action time of the ozone can be automatically adjusted and controlled according to the process requirements, and the invention can adopt time interval control. The ozone generator can run and stop within a set time according to process requirements, so that the effectiveness and controllability of the locomotive are ensured, and monitoring experimenters do not need to be carried out on duty. The invention adopts titanium dehydroxylation quartz tube to make ozone generator, which is used to decolorize or disinfect sewage.
The above embodiments describe the technical solutions of the present invention in detail. It will be clear that the invention is not limited to the described embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes, but any changes equivalent or similar to the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A sewage monitoring device is characterized by comprising a sample collector, a programmable logic controller, a dissolved oxygen sensor and an uploading unit; the programmable logic controller acquires and analyzes corresponding data in the sewage through the sample collector and the dissolved oxygen sensor to obtain various pollution values, and then controls the oxygen generation equipment and sends the data through the uploading unit.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the sample collector comprises a barrel body, two semicircular upper covers with shafts, a movable bottom plate, a lead block, a thermometer, a rubber tube and a water stop clamp; the barrel body is a transparent organic glass barrel body.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein the programmable logic controller is used for monitoring data acquisition, analysis and processing; the collected data is compared and judged with a preset dissolved oxygen value after operation and analysis, if the collected data is lower than the set value, the oxygen generation equipment is started, otherwise, the oxygen generation equipment stops running when the collected data is higher than the set value.
4. The device of claim 1, wherein the dissolved oxygen sensor is used for measuring the oxygen content in water, the measuring range is 0-20 mg/L, and the operating temperature is-5-50 ℃.
5. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the uploading unit employs an automatic online monitor, and uses a mobile phone app to upload data.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is provided with a cleaning unit for cleaning the sample collector and the respective sensors of the device by using ultrasonic waves.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a conductivity sensor, which is an inductive conductivity sensor, for monitoring the conductivity of the wastewater neutralization process.
8. The device of claim 1, further comprising a PH sensor for collecting and monitoring PH of the wastewater, wherein the PH sensor has a stability of ± 0.02PH/24 h.
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| CN201910205686.0A CN111721902A (en) | 2019-03-19 | 2019-03-19 | Sewage monitoring device |
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| CN201910205686.0A CN111721902A (en) | 2019-03-19 | 2019-03-19 | Sewage monitoring device |
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Application publication date: 20200929 |