CN111720173A - Contact roadway surrounding rock load detector and roadway excavation load detection method - Google Patents
Contact roadway surrounding rock load detector and roadway excavation load detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111720173A CN111720173A CN202010617406.XA CN202010617406A CN111720173A CN 111720173 A CN111720173 A CN 111720173A CN 202010617406 A CN202010617406 A CN 202010617406A CN 111720173 A CN111720173 A CN 111720173A
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- surrounding rock
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
Abstract
The invention relates to a contact roadway surrounding rock load detector and a roadway excavation load detection method, wherein the detector comprises a detector body, the detector body comprises a drill bit, a detection extension rod, a pressure gauge, a pressure analyzer and a data reader which are fixedly connected in sequence, and the pressure analyzer is electrically connected with the pressure gauge and the data reader respectively. The invention enhances the monitoring of the stress of the surrounding rock of the roadway, strives for enough evacuation time for underground constructors before the coming of an emergency, and can also avoid the occurrence of some emergency to a great extent because of taking measures in time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of roadway excavation stress detection, in particular to a contact roadway surrounding rock load detector and a roadway excavation load detection method.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of national economy, the demand of resources is more and more large, and the mining supply of the coal resources in the middle and shallow parts of China cannot meet the requirement of rapid development of the national economy, so that mining of deep thick coal mines becomes a necessary choice. The mining of deep coal mine is more complicated than the medium and shallow coal mine, and the safety of mining and supporting is difficult to guarantee, therefore, the supporting requirement to the tunnel is higher, only control the deformation and the safety of coal road, just can guarantee that coal resources constantly supplies national production construction. If the deformation monitoring is not noticed during and after the roadway excavation, engineering accidents such as collapse, roof fall and the like can be caused.
During the excavation of the roadway and the working period of the roadway, the stratum pressure can be redistributed due to the disturbance of the stratum, and in the process, the stratum stress changes variously, and the roadway stress must be detected all the time in order to realize safe production. However, at present, there are no good instruments and methods for detecting roadway surrounding rock stress, and there are some traditional roadway surrounding rock stress detectors, and data must be recorded by field technicians, because all such monitoring methods are manual operations, errors and errors of the manual operations are more, and the manual operations cannot monitor data constantly, and only can record the data once at intervals, and cannot form a continuous and effective monitoring effect, if the stress suddenly increases, and the monitoring is discontinuous, so that underground workers cannot evacuate timely, and cannot take effective preventive measures timely, and there is a certain risk. At present, the points needing important detection are only determined by experts according to past experience, and all points which are possibly dangerous can not be accurately detected, so that certain risks exist, and the cost of the risks is the life safety of people.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a contact roadway surrounding rock load detector and a roadway excavation load detection method, which strengthen the monitoring of roadway surrounding rock stress, strive for enough evacuation time for underground constructors before an emergency comes, and can also avoid some emergency to a great extent due to timely measures.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a contact roadway surrounding rock load detector which comprises a detector body, wherein the detector body comprises a drill bit, a detection extension rod, a pressure gauge, a pressure analyzer and a data reader which are fixedly connected in sequence, and the pressure analyzer is electrically connected with the pressure gauge and the data reader respectively.
Preferably, the drill bit is a solid cone, and the bottom surface of the cone is fixedly connected with the detection extension bar.
Preferably, the diameter of the bottom surface of the cone is larger than that of the detection extension rod.
Preferably, the length of the detection extension rod is adjustable.
Preferably, the body of the pressure gauge is a barometer, the barometer having a plurality of different pressure ranges.
Preferably, the periphery of the pressure device is provided with a plurality of bulges.
Preferably, the detector body further comprises a sensor, and the sensor is fixedly connected with the pressure analyzer through an anchoring flange group;
the anchoring flange group comprises a left anchoring flange and a right anchoring flange, a containing cavity is formed between the two anchoring flanges, and the sensor and the pressure analyzer are fixed in the containing cavity; the pressure gauge and the data reader are respectively and fixedly arranged at two ends of the anchoring flange group; the sensor is connected with the pressure analyzer;
the detector also comprises an information acquisition instrument, and the sensor is in radio connection with the information acquisition instrument.
Preferably, the anchoring flange comprises a first flange plate body and a second flange plate body which are coaxial and arranged at intervals, and an inner ring of the first flange plate body is provided with an accommodating groove in a protruding manner along the axial direction and towards the direction of the second flange plate body; the inner ring of the second flange plate body is provided with a connecting cylinder body in an axial direction and in a protruding mode towards the first flange plate body, the width of the connecting cylinder body is smaller than that of the accommodating groove, and the connecting cylinder body is coaxially and fixedly connected with the accommodating groove and communicated with the accommodating groove;
the two first flange plate bodies are fixedly connected through a plurality of threaded fasteners, and the two accommodating grooves are opposite to each other and form an accommodating cavity for accommodating the pressure gauge and the data reader; and the two second flange plates are respectively and fixedly connected with the pressure device and the data reader.
Preferably, the system also comprises a wireless monitoring alarm system, and the wireless monitoring alarm system is electrically connected with the information acquisition instrument.
The invention also provides a tunnel excavation load detection method, which adopts the contact tunnel surrounding rock load detector to measure tunnel excavation stress, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) obtaining displacement cloud pictures and stress cloud pictures in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the roadway through a computer numerical simulation mode, finding out the positions with obvious deformation and larger stress from the cloud pictures, and taking the positions with obvious deformation as the positions for arranging the detector body;
(2) actually marking the position where the detector body is arranged on the roadway surrounding rock according to the cloud picture mark, and marking the length of the detection extension rod, the range of the pressure device and the angle of the drill hole;
(3) drilling by using a drilling machine according to the hydrogeological condition around the roadway, the computer numerical simulation condition and the previous marking condition, and well protecting after drilling;
(4) emptying by using a high-pressure water gun, and draining water in the hole in time after emptying;
(5) after emptying, sequentially placing the detector body, the grouting pipe and the slurry overflow pipe in the hole;
(6) grouting into the hole through the grouting pipe, wherein the grouting pressure is not less than 2.5 Mpa; the grouting pipe and the slurry overflow pipe are continuously and synchronously pulled out in the grouting process, the grouting pipe is full when cement slurry overflows from the slurry overflow pipe in the grouting process, and the grouting pipe and the slurry overflow pipe are also completely pulled out at the moment;
(7) and (5) plugging in time after grouting is finished to avoid slurry exposure, and carrying out data detection after curing for 24 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
(1) the invention strengthens the monitoring of the stress of the surrounding rock of the roadway, strives for enough evacuation time for underground constructors before the coming of an emergency accident, and can also avoid the occurrence of some emergency accidents to a great extent because measures are taken in time;
(2) the main body of the pressure gauge on the detector is a barometer, the barometer simulates the instant stress of surrounding rocks of a roadway through a telescopic device, the barometer has different measuring ranges of 10Mpa, 20Mpa, 30Mpa, 40Mpa and the like, the barometer can be freely selected according to specific engineering, and the barometer is simple and practical;
(3) the pressure analyzer and the sensor are tightly connected by the anchoring flange group, the anchoring flange group adopts high-strength corrosion-resistant solid alloy steel, the strength of the anchoring flange group is twice of that of a seamless steel pipe, the two precision instruments are prevented from being damaged due to other reasons, and the cost is saved;
(4) the surface of the pressure gauge is uniformly provided with the bulges, so that the frictional resistance between the pressure gauge and the surrounding rock of the roadway can be increased, and the risk that the detector is partially pulled out or even completely pulled out due to insufficient frictional resistance when the stress detector of the surrounding rock of the roadway is subjected to stratum tension can be effectively avoided;
(5) the diameter of the drill bit is larger than that of the detection extension rod, so that the resistance can be increased, and the risk of falling off of the roadway surrounding rock detector during working is avoided;
(6) according to the tunnel excavation stress detection method provided by the invention, the detection points are determined by using the computer simulation result and adopting a method combining expert experience and the computer simulation result, so that the omission of expert prediction is made up, and the defect of computer simulation calculation deadplate is also made up;
(7) according to the roadway excavation stress detection method provided by the invention, the method of synchronously pumping and withdrawing the grouting pipe and the slurry overflow pipe while grouting in the grouting process avoids the risks of too large drilling gap and inaccurate detection result caused by insufficient grouting.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a detector body provided in preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a detector body according to a preferred embodiment 2 of the present invention; .
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an anchoring flange assembly provided in accordance with a preferred embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a mounting section structure of a detector body according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 4, which are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples, and those skilled in the art can modify and decorate the present invention within the scope that does not change the spirit and content of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a contact roadway surrounding rock load detector includes a detector body, wherein the detector body includes a drill bit 1, a detection extension rod 2, a pressure gauge 3, a pressure analyzer 4 and a data reader 5, which are fixedly connected in sequence.
In this embodiment, the drill bit 1 is a solid cone, and the drill bit 1 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the extension rod 2: the bottom surface of cone with the one end fixed connection who detects extension bar 2, just the bottom surface diameter of cone is greater than detect extension bar 2's diameter, if detect extension bar 2 diameter and be 3cm, cone bottom surface diameter is 5 cm.
The length of the detection extension bar 2 is adjustable, and the detection extension bar has different specifications of 5m, 10m, 15m and the like.
The pressure device 3 is fixedly connected with the other end of the detection extension bar 2. In this embodiment, the main body of the pressure gauge 3 is a barometer, which simulates the transient stress of the surrounding rock of the roadway through a telescopic device therein, and the barometer has different ranges of 10Mpa, 20Mpa, 30Mpa, 40Mpa, etc., and can be freely selected according to specific engineering.
3 even the arranging in periphery of pressure gauge has arch 31, can increase the frictional resistance between itself and the tunnel country rock, can effectively avoid receiving the risk that the formation pulling force leads to the detector part to extract because of frictional resistance is not enough when the detector, even whole extraction.
The pressure analyzer 4 is electrically connected to the pressure device 3 and the data reader 5, respectively. In this embodiment, the pressure analyzer 4 is equipped with an intelligent computing chip, which can intelligently convert the gas pressure into data.
The detector that this embodiment provided is when measuring tunnel excavation stress, if at a certain moment tunnel country rock stress sharply increase, the stratum takes place to remove, then the pressure gauge 3 in the detector can be corresponding compress, pressure analyzer 4 can simulate the size of analyzing out the pressure value this moment, and the staff can directly read measured data through data reader 5.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the present embodiment is further improved on the basis of embodiment 1, and provides a contact roadway surrounding rock load detector, including a detector body, an information collecting instrument, and a wireless monitoring alarm system:
the detector body of this embodiment is added with a sensor 6 on the basis of the detector body provided in embodiment 1, the sensor 6 is disposed between the pressure analyzer 4 and the data reader 5, in this embodiment, the sensor 6 and the pressure analyzer 4 are fastened and connected by an anchoring flange set, the anchoring flange set includes two anchoring flanges 7 symmetrically disposed at left and right sides, a receiving cavity is formed between the two anchoring flanges 7, and the sensor 6 and the pressure analyzer 4 are fixed in the receiving cavity; the pressure gauge 3 and the data reader 5 are respectively and fixedly installed at two ends of the anchoring flange group, specifically:
the anchoring flange 7 comprises a first flange plate body 71 and a second flange plate body 74 which are coaxial and arranged at intervals, and an accommodating groove 72 is formed in the inner ring of the first flange plate body 71 in a protruding mode along the axial direction and towards the second flange plate body 74; a connecting cylinder 73 is arranged on the inner ring of the second flange plate body 74 in an axial direction and in a protruding manner towards the first flange plate body 71, the width of the connecting cylinder 73 is smaller than that of the accommodating groove 72, and the connecting cylinder 73 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the accommodating groove 72 and communicated with the accommodating groove 72;
the two first flange plate bodies 71 are fixedly connected through a plurality of threaded fasteners 8, and the two accommodating grooves 72 are opposite to each other and form the accommodating cavity for accommodating the pressure gauge 3 and the data reader 5; the two second flange bodies 74 are fixedly connected with the pressure device 3 and the data reader 5 respectively.
The sensor 6 is electrically connected with the pressure analyzer 4 through a data line. The sensor 6 and the pressure analyzer 4 are firmly connected through the anchoring flange group and wrapped, so that not only is the damage of precision instruments such as the pressure analyzer 4 and the sensor 6 protected, but also a ground passage between the pressure analyzer and the sensor is protected from being broken, and the normal work of a contact roadway surrounding rock stress detector is guaranteed. In this embodiment, the anchoring flange 7 is made of high-strength corrosion-resistant solid alloy steel, which ensures that the pressure analyzer 4 and the sensor 6 are not damaged.
In this embodiment, the sensor 6 is connected with the information acquisition instrument wirelessly, the wireless monitoring alarm system is connected with the information acquisition instrument electrically, the measurement data acquired by the sensor 6 is transmitted to the external information acquisition instrument in a wireless manner, and the wireless monitoring alarm system detects the information acquired by the information acquisition instrument.
In this embodiment, the wireless monitoring alarm system is also provided with an intelligent judgment chip, and when the wireless monitoring alarm system detects that the maximum stress value exceeds the maximum stress value set by the province, the wireless monitoring alarm system can be automatically started to take a life and warn danger.
The detector that this embodiment provided is when measuring tunnel excavation stress, if at a certain moment tunnel country rock stress sharply increase, the stratum takes place to remove, then the pressure gauge 3 in the detector can be corresponding compress, pressure analyzer 4 can simulate the size of analyzing out the pressure value this moment, then sensor 6 can be immediately through wireless mode with data transmission to the information acquisition appearance of information acquisition room, this abnormal stress will be caught to the indoor wireless monitoring alarm system of information acquisition this moment, wireless monitoring alarm system's alarm device will sound warning danger.
Example 3
The invention also provides a roadway excavation load detection method, which adopts the contact roadway surrounding rock load detector in any one of the two embodiments to measure roadway excavation stress, please refer to fig. 4, the detector body is driven into the marked position according to annular arrangement at different angles, and further, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) measurement and positioning preparation before roadway excavation
Obtaining displacement cloud pictures and stress cloud pictures in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the roadway through a computer simulation numerical simulation mode, finding out the positions with obvious deformation and larger stress from the cloud pictures, and taking the positions with obvious deformation as the positions for arranging the detector body;
(2) drilling preparation
Actually marking the position of the detector body on the roadway surrounding rock according to the cloud picture mark, and marking the length of the detection extension rod 2, the range of the pressure device 3 and the angle of the drilled hole;
drilling by using a drilling machine according to the hydrogeological condition around the roadway, the computer simulation numerical simulation condition and the previous marking condition, and well protecting after drilling;
emptying by using a high-pressure water gun, and draining water in the hole in time after emptying is finished so as to avoid influencing the later grouting effect;
(3) grouting operation
After emptying, sequentially placing the detector body, the grouting pipe and the slurry overflow pipe in the hole, wherein the grouting pipe and the slurry overflow pipe are both made of seamless steel pipes and have high strength and corrosion resistance;
secondly, grouting into the hole through the grouting pipe, wherein the grouting pressure is not less than 2.5 MPa; the grouting pipe and the slurry overflow pipe are continuously and synchronously pulled out in the grouting process, the grouting pipe is full when cement slurry overflows from the slurry overflow pipe in the grouting process, and the grouting pipe and the slurry overflow pipe are also completely pulled out at the moment;
and thirdly, plugging in time after grouting is finished to avoid slurry exposure, and starting data detection after 24-hour maintenance.
In the implementation process of the invention, each detection point is coded according to the sequence of A1, A2, … … and An, and each corresponding detection point is wirelessly connected with a small alarm and is coded according to the sequence of B1, B2 and … … Bn. Each detection point is continuously monitored through the wireless detection alarm system, and the whole process is intelligently monitored, so that the manual participation recording and calculation are not needed, and the manual participation errors are greatly reduced, so that the monitoring data is more reasonable, scientific and reliable.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a contact nature tunnel country rock load detector, its characterized in that, includes the detector body, the detector body is including fixed connection's drill bit, detection extension bar, pressure gauge, pressure analyzer and data reader in proper order, pressure analyzer respectively with pressure gauge and data reader electricity are connected.
2. The contact roadway surrounding rock load detector of claim 1, wherein the drill bit is a solid cone, and the bottom surface of the cone is fixedly connected with the detection extension rod.
3. The contact roadway surrounding rock load detector of claim 2, wherein the diameter of the bottom surface of the cone is larger than the diameter of the detection extension rod.
4. The contact roadway surrounding rock load detector of claim 1, wherein the length of the detection extension rod is adjustable.
5. The contact roadway surrounding rock load detector of claim 1, wherein the body of the pressure gauge is a barometer, the barometer having a plurality of different pressure ranges.
6. The contact roadway surrounding rock load detector of claim 1, wherein the periphery of the forcer is provided with a plurality of protrusions.
7. The contact roadway surrounding rock load detector of claim 1, wherein the detector body further comprises a sensor, the sensor is fixedly connected with the pressure analyzer through an anchoring flange set;
the anchoring flange group comprises a left anchoring flange and a right anchoring flange, a containing cavity is formed between the two anchoring flanges, and the sensor and the pressure analyzer are fixed in the containing cavity; the pressure gauge and the data reader are respectively and fixedly arranged at two ends of the anchoring flange group; the sensor is electrically connected with the pressure analyzer;
the detector also comprises an information acquisition instrument, and the sensor is in radio connection with the information acquisition instrument.
8. The contact roadway surrounding rock load detector of claim 7, wherein the anchoring flange comprises a first flange body and a second flange body which are coaxially and alternately arranged, and an inner ring of the first flange body is provided with a receiving groove along an axial direction and protruding towards the second flange body; the inner ring of the second flange plate body is provided with a connecting cylinder body in an axial direction and in a protruding mode towards the first flange plate body, the width of the connecting cylinder body is smaller than that of the accommodating groove, and the connecting cylinder body is coaxially and fixedly connected with the accommodating groove and communicated with the accommodating groove;
the two first flange plate bodies are fixedly connected through a plurality of threaded fasteners, and the two accommodating grooves are opposite to each other and form an accommodating cavity for accommodating the pressure gauge and the data reader; and the two second flange plates are respectively and fixedly connected with the pressure device and the data reader.
9. The contact roadway surrounding rock load detector of claim 7, further comprising a wireless monitoring alarm system, wherein the wireless monitoring alarm system is electrically connected with the information acquisition instrument.
10. A method for detecting excavation load of a roadway, which is characterized in that excavation stress of the roadway is measured by using a contact type roadway surrounding rock load detector according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising:
(1) obtaining displacement cloud pictures and stress cloud pictures in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the roadway through a computer numerical simulation mode, finding out the positions with obvious deformation and larger stress from the cloud pictures, and taking the positions with obvious deformation as the positions for arranging the detector body;
(2) actually marking the position where the detector body is arranged on the roadway surrounding rock according to the cloud picture mark, and marking the length of the detection extension rod, the range of the pressure device and the angle of the drill hole;
(3) drilling by using a drilling machine according to the hydrogeological condition, the computer numerical simulation condition and the previous marking condition around the roadway, and well protecting after drilling;
(4) emptying by using a high-pressure water gun, and draining water in the hole in time after emptying;
(5) after emptying, sequentially placing the detector body, the grouting pipe and the slurry overflow pipe in the hole;
(6) grouting into the hole through the grouting pipe, wherein the grouting pressure is not less than 2.5 Mpa; the grouting pipe and the slurry overflow pipe are continuously and synchronously pulled out in the grouting process, the grouting pipe is full when cement slurry overflows from the slurry overflow pipe in the grouting process, and the grouting pipe and the slurry overflow pipe are also completely pulled out at the moment;
(7) and (5) plugging in time after grouting is finished to avoid slurry exposure, and carrying out data detection after curing for 24 hours.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010617406.XA CN111720173A (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | Contact roadway surrounding rock load detector and roadway excavation load detection method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010617406.XA CN111720173A (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | Contact roadway surrounding rock load detector and roadway excavation load detection method |
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| CN107328503A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-11-07 | 中国矿业大学 | Coal mine tunnel top board Stress On-Line system and method based on fiber-optic grating sensor |
| CN108362864A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-08-03 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of multifunction combined tunnel excavation similar model test device |
| CN108663013A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-10-16 | 上海应用技术大学 | Single point extensometer and tunnel excavation advance core deformation measurement method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101481914A (en) * | 2009-01-09 | 2009-07-15 | 长沙金码高科技实业有限公司 | Single point settlement gage |
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| CN104391088A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-03-04 | 湖南科技大学 | Anchoring quality detection method and device for system anchor bar support roadway |
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