CN106523008B - Anchor rod stress measuring, reading and early warning device and use method - Google Patents
Anchor rod stress measuring, reading and early warning device and use method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106523008B CN106523008B CN201611204770.3A CN201611204770A CN106523008B CN 106523008 B CN106523008 B CN 106523008B CN 201611204770 A CN201611204770 A CN 201611204770A CN 106523008 B CN106523008 B CN 106523008B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- anchor rod
- deformation cover
- scale
- deformation
- pointer
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/02—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection having means for indicating tension
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
Abstract
The invention discloses an anchor rod stress measurement, reading and early warning device and a use method thereof, which are characterized in that: comprises a flat supporting plate, a deformation cover and a stressed quantization scale. The deformation cover is a steel nearly hemispherical device, a pointer is fixed on the steel nearly hemispherical device, the pointer is positioned at 1/2 of the height of the deformation cover and points to the normal direction of the tangential plane of the deformation cover; the deformation cover is fastened on the flat supporting plate by the fastening nut, the deformation cover has normal bearing force not smaller than the maximum axial force of the anchor rod, and monotonically increasing relation exists between the load born by the deformation cover and the pointer rotation angle. The pointer points to the stressed quantized scale, the stressed quantized scale is marked with a scale with a unit of kN, the scale range of the broken load of the anchor rod is marked as green, the scale range of 60% -90% is marked as yellow, and the scale range of more than 90% is marked as red. The invention can monitor all the anchor rods without adding extra cost, and has important significance for safety and economy of site construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of anchor rod stress monitoring, in particular to an anchor rod stress measuring, reading and early warning device and a using method thereof.
Background
With the development of the economic society in China, underground mines, tunnels, subways, hydropower chambers and the like are increasingly built, the depth is continuously increased, more projects are in severe geological conditions, and supporting problems faced therewith are also increasingly outstanding. Such as large deformation of soft rock, high ground pressure, difficult support and the like. In the use process of reinforcing the main bodies such as side slopes, mine roadways, tunnels, dam bodies and the like by the conventional anchor rods, the stress of the anchor rods cannot be visually displayed, and the requirement of early warning in advance cannot be met. In field engineering anchoring, the stress state and the structural deformation state of the anchor rod are not clear, and whether safety is ensured or not is judged only by personal experience of workers, so that potential safety hazards are easily brought. The existing anchor rod stress detection device with more uses an elastic element electronic dynamometer, a hydraulic pillow pointer dynamometer and an anchor rod nondestructive detector. Because of the large volume, high cost and inconvenient use of the common dynamometer, the application of the dynamometer is limited to spot check and test research of the stress condition of a very small amount of anchor rods, and all anchor rods in the engineering cannot be detected. Although the nondestructive detector for the anchor rod can detect all anchor rods, the nondestructive detector for the anchor rod is low in efficiency and requires a professional technician. Therefore, there is a need for an anchor rod stress detecting, reading and early warning device to visually display whether the anchor rod stress meets the support design requirement or not, and warn the anchor rod to break danger when the anchor rod is overloaded.
Prior to the invention, the invention with the application number of 201510750138.8 discloses a method and a device for monitoring the anchoring force of a double-tray anchor rod in real time. The method is characterized in that a display instrument is arranged on the anchor rod, strain values collected by the strain gauge are converted into digital signals through an analog-digital converter, and then the controller calculates the anchoring force and controls the alarm signal. It is obvious that the invention needs to arrange circuits, is complex to install in actual construction, has high manufacturing cost and is not suitable for large-scale use.
The invention discloses a mining anchor rod dynamometer, which is disclosed in the application number 201610271396.2. The invention comprises a resistance strain type anchor rod force transducer and a secondary monitoring instrument, and is characterized in that the resistance strain type anchor rod force transducer comprises a central control loop bar and an annular stress sensor group, wherein the annular stress sensor group is arranged in the hollow loop bar, and the annular stress sensor group comprises a plurality of uniformly distributed single annular stress sensors and is internally provided with foil-type resistance sheets which are connected through wires; the secondary monitoring instrument has the functions of data processing, real-time on-site display, wired transmission or wireless transmission. But the invention has the advantages of high cost of accessories, poor economy, low construction efficiency and dependence on power supply in normal operation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of the invention, a device for measuring and reading the stress of the anchor rod without power supply, a precision sensor and a data analysis and conversion element is needed. In addition, the anchor rod stress measurement early warning device has the advantages of no damage to the anchor quality of the anchor rod, simplicity in installation, simplicity in measurement and reading, constant stress deformation, wide range of use and the like.
Aiming at the defects of the existing anchor rod axial force monitoring device, the invention provides an anchor rod stress measuring, reading and early warning device and a using method thereof. The invention achieves the purposes of quantifying the deformation generated by the stress of the anchor rod into the stress of the anchor rod, and further improving the anchor rod effect and the construction quality and eliminating the potential safety hazard in a way of early warning the breaking and the destruction of the anchor rod body.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a stock atress survey reads early warning device which characterized in that: comprises a flat supporting plate, a deformation cover and a stressed quantized scale; the deformation cover is fastened on the flat supporting plate through a fastening nut, a pointer is fixed on the deformation cover and points to a stress quantization scale, and the stress quantization scale is fixed at the exposed end of the anchor rod.
Further, the flat pallet is made of steel plates, is generally square in shape, is provided with a hole in the center, and can pass through the hole, so that the force of the rock (soil) body acting on the anchor can be transferred to the deformation cover, the size of the flat pallet is larger than that of the deformation cover, and enough deformation space is reserved for the deformation cover.
Further, the deformation cover is a steel nearly hemispherical device, a pointer is fixed on the steel nearly hemispherical device, the pointer is positioned at 1/2 of the height of the deformation cover and points to the normal direction of the tangential plane of the deformation cover; the side of the deformation cover, which is contacted with the flat supporting plate, is a circular opening, and the side of the deformation cover, which is contacted with the fastening nut, is a concave top; the deformation cover has normal bearing force not smaller than the maximum axial force of the anchor rod, monotonically increasing relation exists between the load borne by the deformation cover and the corner, the deformation cover deforms along with the increase of the load, and the pointer rotates in the longitudinal section where the pointer is located.
Furthermore, the stressed quantized ruler is an arc ruler made of plastics and provided with scales, and the force quantized ruler is partitioned according to different colors of the scales. One end of the stressed quantized scale is provided with a clamp which can be clamped at the exposed end of the anchor rod.
Further, the stressed quantized scale and the color partition are determined by performing calibration test on the deformation cover in a laboratory to determine the relation between axial force and pointer rotation angle, and drawing the scale according to the relation, wherein the unit is kN; the scale range of the anchor rod breaking load on the stress quantization scale is marked as green, the scale range of 60% -90% is marked as yellow, and the scale range of more than 90% is marked as red; when the anchor rod stress measuring, reading and early warning device is assembled and no axial force is applied, the pointer points to the 0 scale.
The use method of the invention is as follows.
(1) After the anchoring section in the anchor rod is fixed in the anchor hole, a flat supporting plate, a deformation cover and a fastening nut are sequentially installed, the deformation cover is fastened on the flat supporting plate by the fastening nut, and finally, a stress quantization scale is fixed at the exposed end of the anchor rod.
(2) The stress state of the anchor rods can be displayed most accurately by matching the anchor rods with different specifications with the deformation covers with corresponding specifications. The fastening degree of the fastening nut to the deformation cover depends on the pretightening force of the anchor rod, and the deformation cover is fastened to the corresponding scale of the pointer pointing to the stressed quantization scale when the fastening nut is screwed.
(3) After the anchor rod is put into normal use, a worker reads the axial force value of the anchor rod according to the position of the pointer so as to judge whether the anchor rod meets engineering requirements or reaches an early warning value.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention provides the anchor rod (cable) stress reading early warning device which is supported by a theoretical basis, does not need power supply, does not need a precise sensor and a data analysis and conversion element, does not damage the anchoring quality of the anchor rod, is simple and convenient to install, is simple to read, has constant stress deformation and can be widely used. The invention can monitor all the anchor rods without adding extra cost, and can be completed by common workers without professional technician operation, which has important significance for the safety and economy of site construction.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be described below.
Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a plan view of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a flat supporting plate; 2-a deformation cover; 3-tightening the nut; 4-a stressed quantization scale; 5-pointer; 6-an anchor body; 7-surrounding rock; 8-clip.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in FIG 1, the device for early warning is characterized in that: comprises a flat supporting plate 1, a deformation cover 2 and a stress quantization scale 4. The flat supporting plate 1 is contacted with the surrounding rock 7; the deformation cover 2 is fastened on the flat supporting plate 1 through the fastening nut 3, a pointer 5 is fixed on the deformation cover 2 and points to the stressed quantized scale 4, and the stressed quantized scale 4 is fixed at the exposed end of the anchor rod 6.
Further, the flat supporting plate 1 is made of steel plate, is generally square in shape, and is provided with a hole in the center, and the anchor rod 6 can pass through the hole. The function is to transmit the force of the rock (soil) body acting on the anchor rod to the deformation cover 2, the size of the flat supporting plate 1 is larger than that of the deformation cover 2, and enough deformation space is reserved for the deformation cover 2.
Further, the deformation cover 2 is a steel nearly hemispherical device, a pointer 5 is fixed on the device, and the pointer 5 is positioned at 1/2 of the height of the deformation cover and points to the normal direction of the tangential plane of the deformation cover 2; the side of the deformation cover 2 contacted with the flat supporting plate 1 is a circular opening, and the side contacted with the fastening nut 3 is a concave top; the deformation cover 2 has normal bearing force which is not smaller than the maximum axial force of the anchor rod 6, a monotonically increasing relation exists between the load borne by the deformation cover 2 and the pointer rotation angle, the deformation cover 2 deforms along with the increase of the load, and the pointer 5 rotates in the longitudinal section where the deformation cover 2 is positioned.
Furthermore, the stressed quantized scale 4 is an arc-shaped scale made of plastics with scales, and different color partitions are arranged according to the scale range; one end of the stressed quantization scale is provided with a clamp 8 which can be clamped at the exposed end of the anchor rod 6.
Furthermore, the scales and color partitions of the stressed quantization scale 4 are determined by performing calibration test on the deformation cover 2 in a laboratory to determine the relation between axial force and pointer rotation angle, and drawing the scale scales according to the relation, wherein the unit is kN; the scale range of the anchor rod breaking load on the stress quantization scale 4 is marked as green, the scale range of 60% -90% is marked as yellow, and the scale range of more than 90% is marked as red; when the anchor rod stress measuring, reading and early warning device is assembled and no axial force is applied, the pointer points to the 0 scale.
The use method of the invention is as follows.
(1) After the anchoring section in the anchor rod 6 is fixed in the anchor hole, the flat supporting plate 1, the deformation cover 2 and the fastening nut 3 are sequentially installed, the deformation cover 2 is fastened on the flat supporting plate 1 by the fastening nut 3, and finally the stressed quantization scale 4 is fixed at the exposed end of the anchor rod.
(2) The stress state of the anchor rods 6 can be displayed most accurately by matching the anchor rods 6 with different specifications with the deformation covers 2 with corresponding specifications; the fastening degree of the fastening nut 3 to the deformation cover 2 depends on the pretightening force of the anchor rod 6, and only the deformation cover 2 is required to be fastened to the corresponding scale of the stressed quantization scale 4 by the pointer 5 when the fastening nut 3 is screwed.
(3) After the anchor rod 6 is put into normal use, a worker can read the axial force value of the anchor rod 6 according to the pointer position so as to judge whether the anchor rod 6 meets engineering requirements or not or whether the early warning value is reached or not.
The above examples are only one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the ordinary changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a stock atress survey reads early warning device which characterized in that: comprises a flat supporting plate, a deformation cover and a stressed quantized scale; the flat supporting plate is contacted with surrounding rock; the deformation cover is fastened on the flat supporting plate through a fastening nut, a pointer is fixed on the deformation cover and points to a stress quantization scale, the stress quantization scale is fixed at the exposed end of the anchor rod, the flat supporting plate is made of steel plates, a hole is formed in the center of the flat supporting plate, the anchor rod can pass through the flat supporting plate and transmit the force of a rock body acting on the anchor rod to the deformation cover, the size of the flat supporting plate is larger than that of the deformation cover, enough deformation space is reserved for the deformation cover, the deformation cover is a steel nearly hemispherical device, the pointer is fixed on the steel nearly hemispherical device, and is positioned at 1/2 of the height of the deformation cover and points to the normal direction of the tangential plane of the deformation cover; the side of the deformation cover, which is contacted with the flat supporting plate, is a circular opening, and the side of the deformation cover, which is contacted with the fastening nut, is a concave top; the deformation cover has normal bearing capacity which is not less than the maximum axial force of the anchor rod, a monotonically increasing relation exists between the load borne by the deformation cover and the rotation angle of the pointer, the deformation cover deforms along with the increase of the load, the pointer rotates in the longitudinal section where the deformation cover is positioned, and the stressed quantized scale is an arc-shaped scale made of plastics and provided with scales, and different color partitions are arranged according to the scale range; one end of the stress quantization scale is provided with a clamp which can be clamped at the exposed end of the anchor rod, and the scales and the color partitions of the stress quantization scale are determined by adopting the following method: performing a calibration test on the deformation cover in a laboratory to determine the axial force-pointer rotation angle relation, and drawing scale marks according to the axial force-pointer rotation angle relation, wherein the unit is kN; the scale range of the broken load of the anchor rod on the stress quantization scale is marked as green, the scale range of 60% -90% is marked as yellow, and the scale range of more than 90% is marked as red; when the anchor rod stress measuring, reading and early warning device is assembled and no axial force is applied, the pointer points to the 0 scale.
2. The method for using the anchor rod stress measuring, reading and early warning device as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) After the anchoring section in the anchor rod is fixed in the anchor hole, a flat supporting plate, a deformation cover and a fastening nut are sequentially installed, the deformation cover is fastened on the flat supporting plate by the fastening nut, and finally, a stress quantization scale is fixed at the exposed end of the anchor rod;
(2) The stress state of the anchor rods can be displayed most accurately by matching the anchor rods with different specifications with the deformation covers with corresponding specifications;
(3) After the anchor rod is put into normal use, a worker reads the axial force value of the anchor rod according to the position of the pointer so as to judge whether the anchor rod meets engineering requirements or not or whether the anchor rod reaches an early warning value or not.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611204770.3A CN106523008B (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2016-12-23 | Anchor rod stress measuring, reading and early warning device and use method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611204770.3A CN106523008B (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2016-12-23 | Anchor rod stress measuring, reading and early warning device and use method |
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| CN106523008A CN106523008A (en) | 2017-03-22 |
| CN106523008B true CN106523008B (en) | 2023-07-21 |
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| CN201611204770.3A Active CN106523008B (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2016-12-23 | Anchor rod stress measuring, reading and early warning device and use method |
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| CN106968696B (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2019-02-19 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of anchor pole washer to change colour at various pressures and its application method |
| CN107035395A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-08-11 | 山东科技大学 | Pressure-relieving achor bar pallet and application method with alarm function |
| CN108252302B (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2020-02-14 | 重庆大学 | Device capable of realizing visualization of stress state of anchor rod |
| CN110940448A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-03-31 | 明达海洋工程有限公司 | Anchor rod axial force alarm device |
| CN110905567B (en) * | 2019-11-30 | 2021-01-05 | 中国矿业大学 | Mining tray capable of prejudging magnitude of anchoring force based on surface deformation and monitoring method |
| CN111256879A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-06-09 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Visual monitoring and early warning device for axial force of anchor rod and monitoring and early warning method thereof |
| CN113567015B (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2023-01-17 | 山东光安智能科技有限公司 | Stress detection device based on hydraulic transmission type fiber bragg grating |
| CN113848005B (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2022-05-13 | 中国矿业大学 | Pressure gauge with inversion history stress range and application method thereof |
| CN114482041B (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2024-02-02 | 浙江天弘机器人科技有限公司 | Intelligent ground anchor pile and working method thereof |
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| CN106523008A (en) | 2017-03-22 |
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