WO2024041667A1 - Multi-parameter measurement-while-drilling system for underground coal mines, and measurement method - Google Patents

Multi-parameter measurement-while-drilling system for underground coal mines, and measurement method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024041667A1
WO2024041667A1 PCT/CN2023/120604 CN2023120604W WO2024041667A1 WO 2024041667 A1 WO2024041667 A1 WO 2024041667A1 CN 2023120604 W CN2023120604 W CN 2023120604W WO 2024041667 A1 WO2024041667 A1 WO 2024041667A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
measurement
data
drilling
component
drilling tool
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PCT/CN2023/120604
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李泉新
杨冬冬
陈龙
张冀冠
陈翔
冯建宇
Original Assignee
中煤科工西安研究院(集团)有限公司
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Publication of WO2024041667A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024041667A1/en

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • E21B47/138Devices entrained in the flow of well-bore fluid for transmitting data, control or actuation signals

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of engineering parameter measurement while drilling, and relates to an underground coal mine multi-parameter measurement while drilling system and a measurement method.
  • drilling attitude data is mainly obtained from the display and related drilling parameters such as torque, feed pressure and pull-out pressure are obtained from the drilling rig instrument.
  • some drilling parameters such as rotation speed, torque, feed pressure and pull-out pressure can only be obtained from the drilling rig instrument or drilling rig operation. None of them can directly reflect the torque, bit weight, internal and external annulus of the bottom drilling tool during the drilling process.
  • Drilling parameters such as pressure, rotation speed, vibration, temperature, etc. Regardless of whether conventional drilling or directional drilling is performed, these drilling parameters are important indicators for achieving safe and efficient underground drilling operations.
  • the interaction conditions between the drilling tool and the well wall are complex.
  • the attenuation trend of the torque and bit pressure exerted by the drilling rig on the drilling tool and the drilling pressure during the transmission process are greatly affected by factors such as well wall friction, drilling regularity, geological conditions, etc.
  • the data displayed by the hole instrument is not the actual stress on the drilling tool behind the drill bit.
  • the vibration of drilling tools and the temperature inside the hole If the temperature is too high and the vibration is strong for a long time, the instrument is easily damaged.
  • the flushing fluid pressure in the hole is generally known based on the pressure indication number on the mud pump truck, and it is impossible to monitor the flushing fluid pressure changes inside the drilling tool and the drilling annulus in real time.
  • due to the inaccuracy, lag, and single display of instrument measurement data it cannot fundamentally reflect the true stress state of the drilling tool in the hole and the environmental characteristics of the environment. Abnormalities in any parameter may lead to accidents. occur.
  • mine measurement while drilling systems generally use three-axis accelerometers and three-axis magnetometers to measure well inclination and azimuth. Static measurement is required after drilling is stopped, which can accurately reflect the drill tool attitude data at a certain time point after the completion of the construction of a single drill pipe.
  • the measurement module is affected by the vibration, impact and rotation of the drill tool, resulting in inability to Real-time and accurate measurement of the dynamic attitude data of the drilling tool during the drilling process.
  • the purpose of this invention is to provide a coal mine underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system and measurement method, which can measure the drilling pressure and torque data at different positions in the circumferential direction, truly reflect the stress state of each position of the drilling tool in the hole, and can effectively Avoid accidents such as drill stuck and dropped drill during construction.
  • the technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:
  • a multi-parameter measurement-while-drilling system for coal mines which is provided with a measuring tube.
  • a main control board assembly, a vibration measurement assembly and a data collection assembly are sequentially embedded along the axial direction;
  • the vibration measurement component measures the vibration frequency and amplitude of the drilling tool and the flushing fluid pressure outside the measurement tube.
  • the vibration measurement component serves as a control switch for the data collection component and the main control board component;
  • the data collection component collects the measurement data of the vibration measurement component. At the same time, the data collection component collects the rotation speed of the drilling tool and the flushing fluid pressure in the measurement tube;
  • the main control board component integrates the inclinometer module to measure the dynamic attitude data and static attitude data of the drilling tool, and at the same time encodes and modulates the drilling tool attitude data and the data collected by the data collection component.
  • the measuring tube is a tube body with a hollow channel; a support sleeve is axially embedded in one end of the measuring pipe, and a cable reducing joint is axially mounted in the supporting sleeve; the cable reducing joint passes through the support sleeve It is electrically connected to the main control board component, vibration measurement component and data collection component.
  • the support sleeve is provided with an insulating seat, the insulating seat is surrounded by a cylinder, and a first contact male is provided in the insulating seat; a cable reducing joint is electrically connected to the first contact male.
  • the cylinder is provided with multiple connectors radially, and each two connectors form a fan-shaped cavity; the insulating seat is located at the radial termination end of the connector; the connector is provided with a first wire hole. , the outer wall of the insulating seat is provided with a second wire hole, and the side wall of the first contact male connects the second wire hole and the first wire hole.
  • the cable reducing joint is provided with a cable pipe body.
  • One end of the cable pipe body is provided with a female contact, and the other end is provided with a second male contact; the waist of the cable pipe body is provided with a There is an annular boss, and the cable reducing joint is axially pushed and fixed through the fixing ring.
  • the main control board assembly includes a main control board embedded in the outer wall of the measuring tube, with a first cover plate covering the main control board; an inclinometer module is written on the main control board, and the inclinometer module integrates 3 axis accelerometer and 3-axis magnetometer.
  • the vibration measurement assembly includes a vibration sensor embedded in the measurement tube wall, covering the first gland provided with the vibration sensor; and a first pressure sensor embedded in the measurement tube wall, covering the first pressure sensor.
  • the pressure sensor is provided with a second gland; the vibration sensor and the first pressure sensor are arranged along the circumference of the measuring tube, and the two are connected through the second bridge hole.
  • the data collection component includes a data collection plate embedded in the outer wall of the measuring tube, with a second cover plate covering the data collection plate; a rotation speed plate and a second pressure plate are provided adjacent to the data collection plate.
  • Sensor the second pressure sensor is used to measure the flushing fluid pressure in the center channel of the measuring tube, the rotational speed board is used to measure the rotational speed of the drilling tool at this position, and the data acquisition board collects measurement data.
  • a torque pressure measurement component is embedded circumferentially on the measurement tube.
  • the torque pressure measurement component is evenly arranged at 90° in the circumferential direction.
  • the torque pressure measurement component consists of 2 high-precision single-feather strain gauges and 1 high-precision strain gauge. Composed of precision shearing double-feather strain gauges; 2 high-precision single-feather strain gauges are arranged to ensure that their axes are parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the measuring tube respectively, used to measure the torque on the drilling tool at this position; high-precision shearing double-feather strain gauges The axis is parallel to the axis of the measuring tube and is used to measure the drilling pressure at that position.
  • a dynamic measurement method for a coal mine underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system including:
  • Step 1 During the drilling process, only the data collected by the accelerometer in the axial direction of the drilling tool and the magnetometer in the radial direction are continuously recorded within one working period, including one axial accelerometer data V z and two radial magnetic forces.
  • Count data B x and By y Count data B x and By y ;
  • Step 2 Process the acceleration data V z measured by the axial accelerometer to obtain interference-free axial accelerometer measurement results v z ; select the moving average filtering method to remove the radial acceleration component, and the calculation method is as follows:
  • Step 3 Use the interference-free axial accelerometer measurement data v z and the local gravity acceleration total field value G to calculate the dynamic well inclination angle ⁇ ;
  • Step 5 Calculate the dynamic azimuth angle ⁇ based on the horizontal magnetic field component B H and the north direction component B N of the geomagnetic field in the projection direction of the drilling tool axis on the horizontal plane;
  • the multi-parameter measurement while drilling system of the present invention has multiple weight-on-bit and torque sensors evenly distributed in the circumference to form an annular circuit bridge, which can measure the weight-on-bit and torque data at different positions in the circumferential direction, truly reflecting the force at each position of the drilling tool in the hole. status, which can effectively avoid accidents such as drill stuck and dropped drill during construction;
  • Multi-parameter data such as weight on bit, torque data, drill tool vibration data, rotational speed data, drill tool inner and outer annulus pressure data, circuit board temperature and other After collecting, filtering and encoding through the data acquisition board, it is decoded by the main control board.
  • the decoded data, together with the drilling attitude data measured by the main control board integrated module, are packaged together, encoded and modulated again, and then transmitted to the computer through wired transmission.
  • Computer, data signal transmission is stable and continuous, effectively solving the problems of inaccurate, serious lag, single data and other problems in coal mine orifice instrument measurement data; 3
  • This system involves circuit boards, sensors, wire holes, bridge wire holes and plug-ins.
  • the mating parts are all sealed, and the parts are sealed and insulated with glue to ensure the sealing performance of the system and effectively solve the problem of core component failure caused by mud leakage; 4
  • This dynamic measurement method does not collect data along the drilling tool during the construction process.
  • the radial gravity field component avoids the influence of centrifugal acceleration and radial vibration caused by the rotation of the drilling tool on the radial gravity field component, ensuring the accuracy of the dynamic attitude data of the drilling tool during the construction process; 5 Control data collection through vibration switches
  • the working status of the board and the data acquisition mode of the control board can effectively reduce the overall power consumption of the system and achieve effective switching between dynamic attitude data and static attitude data of the drilling tool, which not only ensures the collection and transmission of multi-parameter data during the construction process, but also ensures that drilling is stopped. Accurate adjustment of tool facing angle after adding drill pipe.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the coal mine underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a top view of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A in Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view along B-B in Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view along C-C in Figure 2;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the sensors in the a direction in the torque pressure measurement assembly in Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a D-D cross-sectional view in Figure 2;
  • Figure 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the support sleeve of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view along E-E direction in Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is an enlarged view of the structure of the cable reducing joint of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a flow chart of the dynamic measurement method of the coal mine underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system of the present invention
  • the coal mine underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system of the present invention is equipped with a measuring tube 1.
  • the left end of the measuring tube 1 is connected to the non-magnetic drill pipe, screw motor and drill bit in sequence, and the other end is connected to the non-magnetic flux cable drill pipe in sequence. , cable drill pipe, cable water sender and hole computer.
  • vibration measurement component 4 measures the vibration frequency and amplitude of the drilling tool and the flushing fluid pressure outside the measurement tube, and at the same time, the vibration measurement component 4 serves as the control switch for the data collection component 5 and the main control board component 3;
  • the data collection component 5 collects the measurement data of the vibration measurement component 4.
  • the data collection component 5 collects the rotation speed of the drilling tool and the flushing fluid pressure in the measurement tube;
  • the main control board component 3 integrates the inclinometer module to measure the dynamic attitude data of the drilling tool and Static attitude data, while encoding and modulating the drilling tool attitude data and data collected by the data collection component.
  • the multi-parameter measurement while drilling system of the present invention has multiple weight-on-bit and torque sensors evenly distributed in the circumferential direction to form an annular circuit bridge, which can measure the weight-on-bit and torque data at different positions in the circumferential direction, truly reflecting the stress state of each position of the drilling tool in the hole. , which can effectively avoid accidents such as drill stuck and dropped drill during construction;
  • the measuring tube 1 is a tube body with a hollow channel; a support sleeve 2 is axially embedded in one end of the measuring tube 1, and a passage is axially mounted in the support sleeve 2.
  • the cable reducing joint 7 is electrically connected to the main control board assembly 3, the vibration measurement assembly 4 and the data collection assembly 5 through the support sleeve 2.
  • the support sleeve 2 is plug-fitted to the right end of the measuring tube 1
  • the cable reducing joint 7 is plug-fitted to the support sleeve 2 and fixed in the center channel of the right end of the measuring tube 1 through the fixing ring 6.
  • the support sleeve 2 is provided with an insulating seat, and the insulating seat is surrounded by a cylinder 21.
  • the insulating seat 22 is located at the axis formed by the three connectors, that is, the radial termination end of the three connectors 211;
  • a first male contact 23 is arranged in the center of the ring. The first male contact 23 is insulated from other metal parts through an insulating seat 22.
  • the side wall of the first male contact 23 is connected to the second wire hole 221; one of them is connected
  • the body 211 is provided with a first wire passing hole 216, and the outer walls of the cylinder corresponding to the other two connecting bodies are respectively provided with a positioning hole 215.
  • the outer wall of the insulating seat 22 is provided with a second wire passing hole 221.
  • the insulating seat 22 Plugged into the cylinder 21 and fixed with glue, the first wire passing hole 216 and the second wire passing hole 221 have the same axis and are connected with each other.
  • the cable reducing joint 7 is provided with a cable pipe body 72.
  • One end of the cable pipe body 72 is a male joint.
  • the outside of the male joint is provided with a double-layer sealing ring structure.
  • the other end of the cable pipe body 72 is a female connector.
  • the male connector is provided with a female contact 71, and the female connector is provided with a second male contact 73.
  • the cable tube body 72 is made of non-metallic material and has a through hole inside, and the through hole is provided with an insulated wire.
  • the cable pipe body 72 is provided with an annular boss at the waist, and the cable reducing joint 7 is axially pressed and fixed upward through the fixing ring 6.
  • the outer wall of the measuring tube 1 is provided with a first rectangular groove and a second rectangular groove, a first annular groove is provided between the axes of the first rectangular groove and the second rectangular groove, and between the first rectangular groove and the first annular groove There is a fourth wire passing hole, a fifth wire passing hole is provided between the second rectangular groove and the first annular groove, a third wire passing hole is provided at the right end of the first rectangular groove, and there are 2 wire passing holes on the right end of the measuring tube 1.
  • 2 first positioning holes, the 2 first positioning holes and the third wire passing hole are evenly distributed at 120° in the circumferential direction. There is a bell mouth at the left end of the hole.
  • the second rectangular groove is composed of a small rectangular groove at the left end and a large rectangular groove at the right end. There is a wire-passing hole between the small rectangular groove and the large rectangular groove at the right end. There is a pressure guide hole in the middle of the small rectangular groove. , the pressure guide hole is connected to the central channel of the measuring tube 1, and four second annular grooves are provided at the left end of the second rectangular groove.
  • the first cover plate 31 is placed in the rectangular groove corresponding to the main control board 32 and fixed to the outer wall of the measuring tube 1 through hexagon socket bolts.
  • the second cover plate 51 is placed in the rectangular groove corresponding to the data acquisition board 52 and passed through The hexagon socket bolts are fixed on the outer wall of the measuring tube 1.
  • the main control board assembly 3 includes a main control board 32 embedded in the outer wall of the measurement tube 1.
  • the main control board 32 is covered with a first cover plate 31; inclinometer is written on the main control board 32.
  • module, the inclinometer module integrates a 3-axis accelerometer and a 3-axis magnetometer.
  • a rectangular groove is provided on the inside of the first cover plate 31.
  • the first cover plate 31 is fixed to the outer wall of the measuring tube.
  • the rectangular groove communicates with the first rectangular groove.
  • the third wire hole is located below the rectangular groove, thereby communicating with the first rectangular groove.
  • the support sleeve 2 is plug-fitted into the measuring tube 1 so that the annular slope 213 matches the measuring tube 1 Bell mouth, the slope of the annular slope 213 is consistent with the slope of the bell mouth.
  • the positioning bolt 11 is threadedly connected to the first positioning hole on the measuring tube 1.
  • the threaded section still has one end exposed, and the exposed part is inserted into the positioning hole 215 on the cylinder body 21.
  • the support sleeve 2 is fixed in position.
  • the data collection assembly 5 includes a data collection plate 52 embedded in the outer wall of the measurement tube 1.
  • the data collection plate 52 is covered with a second cover plate 51; adjacent to the data collection plate 52 A rotational speed plate 53 and a second pressure sensor 54 are provided; the second pressure sensor 54 measures the flushing fluid pressure in the measuring tube 1, the rotational speed plate 53 measures the rotational speed of the drilling tool, and the data acquisition board 52 collects measurement data.
  • a rectangular groove is provided on the inside of the second cover 51. The size of the rectangular groove is determined according to the size of the sensor arranged in the second rectangular groove.
  • the second pressure sensor 54 is placed in the small rectangular groove on the left side of the second rectangular groove.
  • the pressure hole is connected to the second pressure sensor 54, so that the flushing fluid pressure in the center channel of the drilling tool can be monitored during the construction process.
  • the rotation speed plate 53 is placed at the left end of the large rectangular groove on the right side of the second rectangular groove, and the data acquisition board 52 is placed at the second rectangular groove.
  • the right end of the large rectangular slot on the right side of the two rectangular slots is fixed with screws.
  • the vibration measurement assembly 4 includes a vibration sensor 41 embedded in the wall of the measurement tube 1, a first gland 42 provided to cover the vibration sensor 41; it also includes a vibration sensor 41 embedded in the wall of the measurement tube 1.
  • the first pressure sensor 43 covers the second pressure cover 44 provided on the first pressure sensor 43; the vibration sensor 41 and the first pressure sensor 43 are arranged along the circumference of the measuring tube 1, and the two are connected through the second bridge hole 45 .
  • the vibration sensor 41 is placed in the first annular groove and sealed by the first gland 42.
  • the first pressure sensor 43 is placed in the third annular groove and sealed by the second gland 44.
  • the middle part of the second gland 44 is provided with a pressure guide.
  • the hole is used to communicate with the outer annulus of the drilling tool and the first pressure sensor 43.
  • the vibration sensor 41 and the first pressure sensor 43 are connected in series through the insulated wires in the second bridge wire hole 45.
  • the main control board 32 is placed in the first rectangular slot. and fixed with screws.
  • the second pressure sensor 54 is used to measure the flushing fluid pressure in the central channel of the measuring tube 1, and the rotation speed plate 53 It is used to measure the rotational speed of the drilling tool at this position.
  • the data acquisition board 52 is mainly used to collect, filter and encode the data measured by each sensor. At the same time, the data acquisition board 52 integrates a temperature sensor inside, which is used to detect the data acquisition board 52 temperature.
  • the vibration sensor 41 is used to measure the vibration frequency and amplitude of the drilling tool near the drill bit. At the same time, the vibration sensor 41 can be used as a control switch for the data acquisition board 52 and the main control board 32.
  • the first pressure sensor 43 is used to measure the vibration frequency and amplitude of the drilling tool.
  • the main control board 32 integrates an inclinometer module.
  • the inclinometer module integrates a 3-axis accelerometer (X, Y, Z axes) and a 3-axis magnetometer (X, Y , Z axis), can measure the dynamic attitude data of the drilling tool in the hole during the drilling process and the static attitude data of the drilling tool after the construction of a single drill pipe is completed.
  • the main control board 32 simultaneously monitors the drilling tool attitude data and the data acquisition board 52 The packed data is encoded and modulated again.
  • the torque pressure measurement component 8 adopts 4 groups evenly arranged at 90° in the circumferential direction, and are respectively arranged in 4 second annular grooves. Among them, the torque pressure measurement component 8 uses 2 pieces of high-precision single feather strain gauges 811 and 1 piece of high-precision shearing. Double-feather strain gauge 812, three strain gauges are connected to the terminals in the second annular groove, and two high-precision single-feather strain gauges 811 are arranged to ensure that their axes are parallel and perpendicular to the axis of measuring tube 1 respectively, for measuring the The axis of the high-precision double-feather strain gauge is parallel to the axis of the pipe body and is used to measure the torque on the drilling tool at this position.
  • a total of 8 torque parameters and 8 weight-on-bit parameters are obtained from the 4 sets of sensors.
  • Four or four groups of torque pressure measuring assemblies 8 are connected in series through insulated wires in the first bridge wire hole 82 to form an annular circuit bridge, which can measure the drilling pressure and torque at different circumferential positions in the bending state of the drilling tool.
  • the four second annular grooves are evenly arranged at 90° in the circumferential direction.
  • the four second annular grooves are connected to each other through the first bridge wire hole 82.
  • the small rectangular groove at the right end of the second annular groove is connected to its left side through the sixth wire crossing hole.
  • the first bridge wire holes 82 are connected, and the first annular groove and the third annular groove are arranged at an angle of 90° in the circumferential direction and are connected through the second bridge wire hole 45 .
  • the four torque pressure measurement components 8, the second pressure sensor 54, the rotation speed plate 53, the vibration sensor 41, the first pressure sensor 43 and the data acquisition board 52 are connected in series.
  • the data acquisition board 52 is connected with the main control board 32 and the first contact pin.
  • the heads 203 are connected in series with each other, and then connected to the non-magnetic flux cable drill pipe, the cable drill pipe, the cable water feeder and the computer in sequence through the cable reducing joint 7 at the right end, forming a complete set of multi-parameter measurement while drilling system. .
  • the flushing fluid pressure in the central channel of the measuring tube 1 is mainly measured through the pressure guide hole. Therefore, a high-pressure sealing ring is provided between the second pressure sensor 54 and the pressure guide hole.
  • the first pressure cover 42 and the second pressure seal involved in the embodiment The cover 44 is threadedly connected to the pipe body, and its non-threaded connection part is provided with an O-ring for sealing.
  • the upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the cylinder 21 are provided with two sealing grooves 214, and multiple O-rings are used for radial sealing. Sealed to effectively prevent the flushing fluid pressure at the inlet from being too high and causing the flushing fluid to flow along the third line hole Enter the first rectangular slot.
  • the overall material of the measuring tube 1, the first cover plate 31, the second cover plate 51, the first gland 42, the second gland 44 and the corresponding accessories are all made of non-magnetic steel to avoid geomagnetic interference and thus affect the inclinometer module. Accuracy of drilling tool attitude data measurement.
  • the industrial control method of the coal mine underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 During the construction process, the drilling tool vibrates.
  • the vibration sensor 41 detects the vibration of the drilling tool and controls the start of the data acquisition board 52 to start collecting all data.
  • the drilling rig drives the drilling tool in the hole to rotate and applies a certain bit pressure to the drilling tool.
  • the torque and bit weight are transmitted to the multi-parameter measurement while drilling system near the drill bit.
  • the strain gauge in the torque pressure measurement component 8 is affected by the bit weight and torque. function to convert real-time weight on bit and torque into electrical signals and transmit them to the data acquisition board 52.
  • the electrical signals include a total of 4 sets of data, each set of data has 2 weight on bit values and 1 torque value; the vibration and The vibration caused by the friction between the drilling tool and the hole wall is collected in real time by the vibration sensor 41 and transmitted to the data acquisition board 52 in the form of an electrical signal.
  • the vibration sensor 41 can measure the vibration of the X, Y, and Z axes in the axial and radial directions;
  • the second pressure sensor 54 and the first pressure sensor 43 convert the flushing fluid pressure in the center channel of the system and the drilling annulus into electrical signals and transmit them to the data acquisition board 52;
  • the rotational speed board 53 measures the rotational speed of the system near the drill bit in real time.
  • the temperature sensor integrated on the data acquisition board 52 measures the temperature of the circuit board in real time, and the data acquisition board 52 collects, filters, and encodes the above electrical signals and then packages them and sends them to the main control board 32 , the main control board 32 decodes the packaged signal, and at the same time, after the main control board 32 receives the drilling tool vibration data signal, the inclinometer module in the main control board 32 collects the drilling tool dynamic attitude data, and the three-axis acceleration in the dynamic measurement mode
  • the magnetometer has only one axial accelerometer to collect V z , and the three-axis magnetometer has only two radial magnetometers to collect B x and By y .
  • the main control board 32 encodes and modulates the above data again through low-voltage DC carrier technology, and then The upper magnetic flux cable drill pipe, cable drill pipe and cable water feeder are transmitted to the hole computer.
  • the computer finally demodulates the signal data to obtain all dynamic data parameters during the drilling process. Among them, the calculated dynamic data
  • the drilling tool attitude data parameters are azimuth and inclination.
  • Step 2 Stop drilling and add the drill pipe.
  • the vibration of the drilling tool stops.
  • the vibration sensor 41 detects that the vibration of the drilling tool stops and controls the data acquisition board 52 to stop collecting data, thereby reducing power consumption.
  • the inclinometer module integrated in the main control board 32 only collects the static attitude data of the drilling tool.
  • the three-axis accelerometer collects the three-dimensional acceleration V x , V y , V z
  • the three-axis magnetometer collects the three-directional magnetic field intensity B x
  • the main control board 32 encodes and modulates the static attitude data of the drilling tool through low-voltage DC carrier technology, and then passes it through the upper non-magnetic
  • the cable drill pipe, cable drill pipe, and cable water sender are transmitted to the hole computer, and the computer finally demodulates the signal data to calculate the static attitude data parameters of the drilling tool (azimuth, inclination, and tool roll angle).
  • the dynamic measurement method of the coal mine underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system of the present invention includes:
  • Step 1 During the drilling process, only the accelerometer in the axial direction (Z-axis) and the magnetometer in the radial direction (X-axis, Y-axis) of the drilling tool are continuously recorded for a period of time (the vibration sensor detects the start to stop of vibration). ) collected data, the measurement data includes one axial accelerometer data V z and two radial magnetometer data B x , By y ;
  • Step 2 Process the acceleration data V z measured by the axial accelerometer to obtain interference-free axial accelerometer measurement results v z ; select the moving average filtering method to remove the radial acceleration component, and the calculation method is as follows:
  • 2n+1 represents the number of points of the sliding average filter.
  • the number of points of the sliding average filter is determined according to the instrument speed and recording frequency. Taking the common rotation speed of 60r/min in coal mines as an example, the rotation frequency is 1Hz and the acquisition frequency is 200Hz, then the sliding average filtering The number of points 2n+1 should be greater than 200;
  • Step 3 Use the interference-free axial accelerometer measurement data v z and the local gravity acceleration total field value G to calculate the dynamic well inclination angle ⁇ ;
  • Step 5 Calculate the dynamic azimuth angle ⁇ based on the horizontal magnetic field component B H and the north direction component B N of the geomagnetic field in the projection direction of the drilling tool axis on the horizontal plane;

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Abstract

A multi-parameter measurement-while-drilling system for underground coal mines, and a measurement method. The system is provided with a measurement tube (1), and a main control board assembly (3), a vibration measurement assembly (4) and a data collection assembly (5) are successively embedded in the axial direction in the outer wall of the measurement tube (1); the vibration measurement assembly (4) measures the vibration frequency and amplitude of a drilling tool and the washing fluid pressure outside the measurement tube, and the vibration measurement assembly (4) also serves as a control switch of the data collection assembly (5) and the main control board assembly (3); the data collection assembly (5) collects measured data of the vibration measurement assembly (4), and simultaneously the data collection assembly (5) collects the rotation speed of the drilling tool and the washing fluid pressure inside the measurement tube; the main control board assembly (3) is integrated with an inclination measuring module for measuring dynamic pose data and static pose data of the drilling tool, and encodes and modulates the pose data of the drilling tool and the data collected by the data collection assembly. The system can measure drilling pressure and torque data at different positions in the circumferential direction, which truly reflects the stress state of each position of in-hole drilling tools, thus effectively preventing accidents such as drilling tool sticking and drilling tool dropping during the construction process.

Description

一种煤矿井下多参数随钻测量系统及测量方法A multi-parameter measurement while drilling system and measurement method in coal mines 技术领域Technical field
本发明属于工程参数随钻测量技术领域,涉及一种煤矿井下多参数随钻测量系统及测量方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering parameter measurement while drilling, and relates to an underground coal mine multi-parameter measurement while drilling system and a measurement method.
背景技术Background technique
煤矿井下钻孔施工过程中,目前针对定向钻孔主要从显示器上获得钻孔姿态数据及从钻机仪表上获得的扭矩、给进压力及起拔压力等相关钻进参数,而对常规钻孔目前基本上只能从钻机仪表或钻机运行中获取转速、扭矩、给进压力及起拔压力等部分钻进参数,均无法直接反映钻进过程中孔底钻具的扭矩、钻压、内外环空压力、转速、振动、温度等钻进参数。不论施工常规钻孔还是定向钻孔,这些钻进参数均是实现井下钻孔安全、高效施工的重要指标。随着钻孔深度的加深、钻孔孔径的增大,卡钻、掉钻、仪器损坏等钻井事故频繁发生,大部分事故并不是瞬发,基本上都是由于施工过程中对孔内情况知之甚少导致无法做出准确预判,因此通过对孔内钻具进行多参数实时准确测量,可以对钻进过程进行分析、判断、处理,进而指导整个钻井过程,从而实现无风险钻进。In the process of underground drilling in coal mines, currently, for directional drilling, drilling attitude data is mainly obtained from the display and related drilling parameters such as torque, feed pressure and pull-out pressure are obtained from the drilling rig instrument. However, for conventional drilling, the current Basically, some drilling parameters such as rotation speed, torque, feed pressure and pull-out pressure can only be obtained from the drilling rig instrument or drilling rig operation. None of them can directly reflect the torque, bit weight, internal and external annulus of the bottom drilling tool during the drilling process. Drilling parameters such as pressure, rotation speed, vibration, temperature, etc. Regardless of whether conventional drilling or directional drilling is performed, these drilling parameters are important indicators for achieving safe and efficient underground drilling operations. With the deepening of drilling depth and the increase of drilling hole diameter, drilling accidents such as stuck drill, dropped drill, and instrument damage occur frequently. Most of the accidents are not instantaneous and are basically due to the knowledge of the situation in the hole during the construction process. It rarely leads to the inability to make accurate predictions. Therefore, by accurately measuring multiple parameters of the drilling tools in the hole in real time, the drilling process can be analyzed, judged, and processed, and then the entire drilling process can be guided, thereby achieving risk-free drilling.
钻进施工过程中钻具与井壁相互作用条件复杂,钻机施加给钻具的转矩及钻压在传递过程中衰减趋势受井壁摩擦力、钻孔规则程度、地质条件等因素影响较大,孔口仪表显示的数据并非钻头后方钻具真实受力情况。随着钻进过程中精密仪器的配套使用,对钻具的振动及孔内温度也有一定的要求,长时间处于温度过高、振动强烈的环境中,仪器极易损坏,然而目前仪表上并不能显示温度及振动等数据。并且目前一般根据泥浆泵车上的压力表示数得知孔内冲洗液压力,无法实时监测钻具内部及钻孔环空的冲洗液压力变化。总之,由于仪表测量数据的不准确性、滞后性、显示单一性导致无法从根本上反映孔内钻具的真实受力状态及所处环境特征,任何一项参数出现异常均有可能导致事故的发生。During the drilling process, the interaction conditions between the drilling tool and the well wall are complex. The attenuation trend of the torque and bit pressure exerted by the drilling rig on the drilling tool and the drilling pressure during the transmission process are greatly affected by factors such as well wall friction, drilling regularity, geological conditions, etc. , the data displayed by the hole instrument is not the actual stress on the drilling tool behind the drill bit. With the use of precision instruments during the drilling process, there are also certain requirements for the vibration of drilling tools and the temperature inside the hole. If the temperature is too high and the vibration is strong for a long time, the instrument is easily damaged. However, currently there is no instrument that can Displays data such as temperature and vibration. And currently, the flushing fluid pressure in the hole is generally known based on the pressure indication number on the mud pump truck, and it is impossible to monitor the flushing fluid pressure changes inside the drilling tool and the drilling annulus in real time. In short, due to the inaccuracy, lag, and single display of instrument measurement data, it cannot fundamentally reflect the true stress state of the drilling tool in the hole and the environmental characteristics of the environment. Abnormalities in any parameter may lead to accidents. occur.
并且施过程中应该随时了解井斜角和方位角随井身的变化情况,以便更好的监视和调整井眼轨迹使其尽可能沿设计的轨迹延伸。另外,通过对井斜和方位随井身变化情况的监测,可以计算井眼曲率,合理控制"狗腿度",从而防止井下事故的发生。目前矿用随钻测量系统普遍采用三轴加速度计和三轴磁力计进行井斜和方位测量,随钻测量系统 需要在停钻后进行静态测量,可以准确反映单根钻杆施工完成后某一时间节点上的钻具姿态数据,而在施工过程中测量模块受到钻具振动、冲击和回转的影响,导致无法实时且准确的测量钻进过程中的钻具动态姿态数据。And during the construction process, the changes of the well inclination and azimuth angle with the well body should be understood at any time, so as to better monitor and adjust the well trajectory to extend as much as possible along the designed trajectory. In addition, by monitoring the changes of well inclination and orientation with the well body, the curvature of the wellbore can be calculated and the "dog leg" can be reasonably controlled to prevent the occurrence of underground accidents. At present, mine measurement while drilling systems generally use three-axis accelerometers and three-axis magnetometers to measure well inclination and azimuth. Static measurement is required after drilling is stopped, which can accurately reflect the drill tool attitude data at a certain time point after the completion of the construction of a single drill pipe. However, during the construction process, the measurement module is affected by the vibration, impact and rotation of the drill tool, resulting in inability to Real-time and accurate measurement of the dynamic attitude data of the drilling tool during the drilling process.
目前,工程参数测量技术目前在石油领域相对成熟,但是煤矿井下等钻探领域还属空白,未见相关的仪器、论文报道。由于煤矿井下钻探施工的特殊性,孔径大小和“煤安”要求限制了石油类仪器在煤矿井下使用的可能性。At present, engineering parameter measurement technology is relatively mature in the petroleum field, but it is still blank in the field of drilling such as underground coal mines, and there are no relevant instruments or paper reports. Due to the particularity of underground coal mine drilling construction, hole size and "coal safety" requirements limit the possibility of using petroleum instruments in coal mines.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种煤矿井下多参数随钻测量系统及测量方法,实现可测周向上不同位置的钻压、扭矩数据,真实的反映孔内钻具各个位置的受力状态,可有效避免施工过程中卡钻、掉钻等事故的发生。The purpose of this invention is to provide a coal mine underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system and measurement method, which can measure the drilling pressure and torque data at different positions in the circumferential direction, truly reflect the stress state of each position of the drilling tool in the hole, and can effectively Avoid accidents such as drill stuck and dropped drill during construction.
为实现上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案包括:In order to achieve the above objects, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:
一种煤矿井下多参数随钻测量系统,设置测量管,在所述的测量管外壁上,依次沿轴向嵌设主控板组件、振动测量组件和数据收集组件;A multi-parameter measurement-while-drilling system for coal mines, which is provided with a measuring tube. On the outer wall of the measuring tube, a main control board assembly, a vibration measurement assembly and a data collection assembly are sequentially embedded along the axial direction;
振动测量组件测量钻具的振动频率及振幅和测量管外的冲洗液压力,同时振动测量组件作为数据收集组件及主控板组件的控制开关;The vibration measurement component measures the vibration frequency and amplitude of the drilling tool and the flushing fluid pressure outside the measurement tube. At the same time, the vibration measurement component serves as a control switch for the data collection component and the main control board component;
数据收集组件采集振动测量组件的测量数据,同时数据收集组件采集钻具的回转转速和测量管内的冲洗液压力;The data collection component collects the measurement data of the vibration measurement component. At the same time, the data collection component collects the rotation speed of the drilling tool and the flushing fluid pressure in the measurement tube;
主控板组件集成测斜模块,测定钻具的动态姿态数据及静态姿态数据,同时对钻具姿态数据及数据收集组件采集的数据进行编码和调制。The main control board component integrates the inclinometer module to measure the dynamic attitude data and static attitude data of the drilling tool, and at the same time encodes and modulates the drilling tool attitude data and the data collected by the data collection component.
可选的,所述的测量管为带有中空通道的管体;测量管一端内轴向嵌设支撑套,支撑套内轴向顶设通缆变径接头;通缆变径接头通过支撑套与所述的主控板组件、振动测量组件和数据收集组件实现电连接。Optionally, the measuring tube is a tube body with a hollow channel; a support sleeve is axially embedded in one end of the measuring pipe, and a cable reducing joint is axially mounted in the supporting sleeve; the cable reducing joint passes through the support sleeve It is electrically connected to the main control board component, vibration measurement component and data collection component.
可选的,所述的支撑套设置绝缘座,绝缘座外套设缸体,绝缘座内设置第一触点公头;与所述的第一触点公头电连接设置通缆变径接头。Optionally, the support sleeve is provided with an insulating seat, the insulating seat is surrounded by a cylinder, and a first contact male is provided in the insulating seat; a cable reducing joint is electrically connected to the first contact male.
可选的,所述的缸体内径向设有多个连接体,每两个连接体围成一个扇形腔;绝缘座位于连接体的径向终止端;连接体上设有第一过线孔,绝缘座外壁上设有第二过线孔,第一触点公头侧壁连通第二过线孔和第一过线孔。Optionally, the cylinder is provided with multiple connectors radially, and each two connectors form a fan-shaped cavity; the insulating seat is located at the radial termination end of the connector; the connector is provided with a first wire hole. , the outer wall of the insulating seat is provided with a second wire hole, and the side wall of the first contact male connects the second wire hole and the first wire hole.
可选的,所述的通缆变径接头设有通缆管体,通缆管体一端内设有触点母头,另一端内设有第二触点公头;通缆管体腰部设有环形凸台,通过固定环将通缆变径接头轴向顶紧固定。 Optionally, the cable reducing joint is provided with a cable pipe body. One end of the cable pipe body is provided with a female contact, and the other end is provided with a second male contact; the waist of the cable pipe body is provided with a There is an annular boss, and the cable reducing joint is axially pushed and fixed through the fixing ring.
可选的,所述的主控板组件包括嵌设在测量管外壁内的主控板,主控板上覆盖设置第一盖板;主控板上写入测斜模块,测斜模块集成3轴加速度计和3轴磁力计。Optionally, the main control board assembly includes a main control board embedded in the outer wall of the measuring tube, with a first cover plate covering the main control board; an inclinometer module is written on the main control board, and the inclinometer module integrates 3 axis accelerometer and 3-axis magnetometer.
可选的,所述的振动测量组件包括嵌设在测量管壁内的振动传感器,覆盖振动传感器设置的第一压盖;还包括嵌设在测量管壁内的第一压力传感器,覆盖第一压力传感器设置的第二压盖;振动传感器和第一压力传感器沿测量管的周向布置,且两者通过第二桥线孔连接。Optionally, the vibration measurement assembly includes a vibration sensor embedded in the measurement tube wall, covering the first gland provided with the vibration sensor; and a first pressure sensor embedded in the measurement tube wall, covering the first pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is provided with a second gland; the vibration sensor and the first pressure sensor are arranged along the circumference of the measuring tube, and the two are connected through the second bridge hole.
可选的,所述的数据收集组件包括嵌设在测量管外壁内的数据采集板,数据采集板上覆盖设置第二盖板;与所述的数据采集板相邻设置转速板和第二压力传感器;第二压力传感器用于测量测量管中心通道内的冲洗液压力,转速板用于测量该位置处钻具的回转转速,数据采集板采集测量数据。Optionally, the data collection component includes a data collection plate embedded in the outer wall of the measuring tube, with a second cover plate covering the data collection plate; a rotation speed plate and a second pressure plate are provided adjacent to the data collection plate. Sensor; the second pressure sensor is used to measure the flushing fluid pressure in the center channel of the measuring tube, the rotational speed board is used to measure the rotational speed of the drilling tool at this position, and the data acquisition board collects measurement data.
可选的,在所述的测量管上沿周向嵌设扭矩压力测量组件,扭矩压力测量组件沿周向90°均匀布设,扭矩压力测量组件由2片高精单羽应变片和1片高精剪切双羽应变片组成;2片高精单羽应变片布设保证其轴线分别与测量管轴线平行和垂直,用于测量该位置钻具所受到的扭矩;高精剪切双羽应变片轴线与测量管轴线相平行,用于测量该位置钻具所受到的钻压。Optionally, a torque pressure measurement component is embedded circumferentially on the measurement tube. The torque pressure measurement component is evenly arranged at 90° in the circumferential direction. The torque pressure measurement component consists of 2 high-precision single-feather strain gauges and 1 high-precision strain gauge. Composed of precision shearing double-feather strain gauges; 2 high-precision single-feather strain gauges are arranged to ensure that their axes are parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the measuring tube respectively, used to measure the torque on the drilling tool at this position; high-precision shearing double-feather strain gauges The axis is parallel to the axis of the measuring tube and is used to measure the drilling pressure at that position.
一种煤矿井下多参数随钻测量系统的动态测量方法,包括:A dynamic measurement method for a coal mine underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system, including:
步骤一:在钻进的过程中,只连续记录一个工作时间内钻具轴向上的加速度计和径向上的磁力计采集的数据,包括一个轴向加速度计数据Vz和两个径向磁力计数据Bx和ByStep 1: During the drilling process, only the data collected by the accelerometer in the axial direction of the drilling tool and the magnetometer in the radial direction are continuously recorded within one working period, including one axial accelerometer data V z and two radial magnetic forces. Count data B x and By y ;
步骤二:处理轴向加速度计测量的加速度数据Vz,获得无干扰的轴向加速度计测量结果vz;去除径向加速度分量的方法选择滑动平均滤波法,计算方法如下:
Step 2: Process the acceleration data V z measured by the axial accelerometer to obtain interference-free axial accelerometer measurement results v z ; select the moving average filtering method to remove the radial acceleration component, and the calculation method is as follows:
其中,2n+1表示滑动平均滤波的点数,滑动平均滤波的点数根据仪器转速和记录频率确定;k表示轴向加速度计采集的轴向加速度Vz的点数;Among them, 2n+1 represents the number of points of the moving average filter, which is determined according to the instrument rotation speed and recording frequency; k represents the number of points of the axial acceleration Vz collected by the axial accelerometer;
步骤三:利用无干扰的轴向加速度计测量数据vz和当地的重力加速度总场值G,计算动态井斜角θ;
Step 3: Use the interference-free axial accelerometer measurement data v z and the local gravity acceleration total field value G to calculate the dynamic well inclination angle θ;
步骤四:根据当地地磁总场值B0和地磁倾角β,计算地磁场垂向分量Bv和北向分量BN
Bv=sinβ×B0
Step 4: Calculate the vertical component B v and the north component B N of the geomagnetic field based on the total local geomagnetic field value B 0 and the geomagnetic inclination angle β;
B v =sinβ×B 0 ;
根据当地地磁总场值B0和径向磁力计测量数据Bx、By,计算沿钻具轴向的磁场分量Bz,再根据Bz计算钻具轴向在水平面投影方向的水平磁场分量BH

According to the local geomagnetic total field value B 0 and the radial magnetometer measurement data B x , By y , calculate the magnetic field component B z along the drilling tool axis, and then calculate the horizontal magnetic field component along the drilling tool axis in the horizontal plane projection direction based on B z BH ;

步骤五:根据钻具轴向在水平面投影方向的水平磁场分量BH和地磁场北向分量BN,计算动态方位角γ;
Step 5: Calculate the dynamic azimuth angle γ based on the horizontal magnetic field component B H and the north direction component B N of the geomagnetic field in the projection direction of the drilling tool axis on the horizontal plane;
本发明的有益效果是:The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
①本发明的多参数随钻测量系统,周向均布多个钻压、扭矩传感器形成环形电路桥,可测周向上不同位置的钻压、扭矩数据,真实的反映孔内钻具各个位置的受力状态,可有效避免施工过程中卡钻、掉钻等事故的发生;②钻压、扭矩数据、钻具振动数据、转速数据、钻具内、外环空压力数据、电路板温度等多参数数据通过数据采集板进行采集、滤波、编码后由主控板进行解码,解码获得的数据连同主控板集成模块测得钻孔姿态数据统一打包后再次进行编码、调制,后通过有线传输形式传递至计算机,数据信号传输稳定、连续,有效解决了煤矿井下孔口仪表测量数据的不准确、滞后严重、数据单一等问题;③该套系统涉及电路板、传感器、过线孔、桥线孔及插接配合部件均采用密封处理,局部进行注胶密封绝缘,保证了该套系统的密封性能,有效解决了泥浆渗漏导致核心元件失效问题;④该动态测量方法在施工过程中不采集沿钻具径向的重力场分量,避免了钻具回转产生的离心加速度和径向振动对径向重力场分量的影响,保证了施工过程中钻具动态姿态数据的准确性;⑤通过振动开关控制数据采集板工作状态及控制板数据采集模式,可以有效降低该系统整体功耗,实现钻具动态姿态数据与静态姿态数据的有效切换,既保证施工过程中多参数数据采集和传输,也保证了停钻加接钻杆后工具面向角的准确调整。 ① The multi-parameter measurement while drilling system of the present invention has multiple weight-on-bit and torque sensors evenly distributed in the circumference to form an annular circuit bridge, which can measure the weight-on-bit and torque data at different positions in the circumferential direction, truly reflecting the force at each position of the drilling tool in the hole. status, which can effectively avoid accidents such as drill stuck and dropped drill during construction; ② Multi-parameter data such as weight on bit, torque data, drill tool vibration data, rotational speed data, drill tool inner and outer annulus pressure data, circuit board temperature and other After collecting, filtering and encoding through the data acquisition board, it is decoded by the main control board. The decoded data, together with the drilling attitude data measured by the main control board integrated module, are packaged together, encoded and modulated again, and then transmitted to the computer through wired transmission. Computer, data signal transmission is stable and continuous, effectively solving the problems of inaccurate, serious lag, single data and other problems in coal mine orifice instrument measurement data; ③ This system involves circuit boards, sensors, wire holes, bridge wire holes and plug-ins. The mating parts are all sealed, and the parts are sealed and insulated with glue to ensure the sealing performance of the system and effectively solve the problem of core component failure caused by mud leakage; ④ This dynamic measurement method does not collect data along the drilling tool during the construction process. The radial gravity field component avoids the influence of centrifugal acceleration and radial vibration caused by the rotation of the drilling tool on the radial gravity field component, ensuring the accuracy of the dynamic attitude data of the drilling tool during the construction process; ⑤ Control data collection through vibration switches The working status of the board and the data acquisition mode of the control board can effectively reduce the overall power consumption of the system and achieve effective switching between dynamic attitude data and static attitude data of the drilling tool, which not only ensures the collection and transmission of multi-parameter data during the construction process, but also ensures that drilling is stopped. Accurate adjustment of tool facing angle after adding drill pipe.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图是用来提供对本公开的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本公开,但并不构成对本公开的限制。在附图中:The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present disclosure together with the following specific embodiments, but do not constitute a limitation of the present disclosure. In the attached picture:
图1是本发明的煤矿井下多参数随钻测量系统剖视图;Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the coal mine underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system of the present invention;
图2是图1的俯视图;Figure 2 is a top view of Figure 1;
图3为图1中的A-A向剖视图;Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A in Figure 1;
图4为图1中的B-B向剖视图;Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view along B-B in Figure 1;
图5为图2中的C-C向剖视图;Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view along C-C in Figure 2;
图6为图5中的扭矩压力测量组件中传感器在a向的布置示意图;Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the sensors in the a direction in the torque pressure measurement assembly in Figure 5;
图7为图2中的D-D向剖视图;Figure 7 is a D-D cross-sectional view in Figure 2;
图8是本发明的支撑套纵向剖视图;Figure 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the support sleeve of the present invention;
图9是图8的E-E向剖视图;Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view along E-E direction in Figure 8;
图10是本发明的通缆变径接头结构放大图;Figure 10 is an enlarged view of the structure of the cable reducing joint of the present invention;
图11是本发明的煤矿井下多参数随钻测量系统的动态测量方法流程图;Figure 11 is a flow chart of the dynamic measurement method of the coal mine underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system of the present invention;
图中标号说明:
1-测量管、11-定位螺栓、2-支撑套、21-缸体、211-连接体、212-扇形腔、213-环形
斜面、214-密封槽、215-定位孔、216-第一过线孔、22-绝缘座、221-第二过线孔、23-第一触点公头、3-主控板组件、31-第一盖板、32-主控板、4-振动测量组件、41-振动传感器、42-第一压盖、43-第一压力传感器、44-第二压盖、45-第二桥线孔、5-数据收集组件、51-第二盖板、52-数据采集板、53-转速板、54-第二压力传感器、6-固定环、7-通缆变径接头、71-触点母头、72-通缆管体、73-第二触点公头、8-扭矩压力测量组件、81-扭矩压力传感器、811-高精单羽应变片、812-高精剪切双羽应变片、82-第一桥线孔。
Description of numbers in the figure:
1-Measuring tube, 11-positioning bolt, 2-support sleeve, 21-cylinder body, 211-connector, 212-sector cavity, 213-annular slope, 214-sealing groove, 215-positioning hole, 216-first pass Wire hole, 22-insulation seat, 221-second wire hole, 23-first contact male head, 3-main control board component, 31-first cover plate, 32-main control board, 4-vibration measurement component , 41-vibration sensor, 42-first gland, 43-first pressure sensor, 44-second gland, 45-second bridge hole, 5-data collection component, 51-second cover plate, 52- Data acquisition board, 53-speed board, 54-second pressure sensor, 6-fixing ring, 7-cable reducing joint, 71-contact female head, 72-cable tube body, 73-second contact male Head, 8-torque pressure measurement component, 81-torque pressure sensor, 811-high-precision single-feather strain gauge, 812-high-precision shear double-feather strain gauge, 82-first bridge wire hole.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行详细说明。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
本发明中提到的“周向”、“轴向”“径向”“测向”“前、后、左、右、上、下、顶、底”等方位词,均以面对说明书附图为准说明,且所表示含义为通常本领域认同的方位意义。The "circumferential", "axial", "radial", "direction", "front, back, left, right, up, down, top, bottom" and other directional words mentioned in the present invention are all facing the appendix of the description. The figures are quasi-illustrative, and the meanings expressed are the directional meanings generally recognized in the art.
结合图1-10,本发明的煤矿井下多参数随钻测量系统设置测量管1,测量管1左端依次连接下无磁钻杆、螺杆马达及钻头,另一端依次连接上无磁通缆钻杆、通缆钻杆、通缆送水器及孔口计算机。在测量管1外壁上,依次沿轴向嵌设主控板组件3、振动测 量组件4和数据收集组件5;振动测量组件4测量钻具的振动频率及振幅和测量管外的冲洗液压力,同时振动测量组件4作为数据收集组件5及主控板组件3的控制开关;数据收集组件5采集振动测量组件4的测量数据,同时数据收集组件5采集钻具的回转转速和测量管内的冲洗液压力;主控板组件3集成测斜模块,测定钻具的动态姿态数据及静态姿态数据,同时对钻具姿态数据及数据收集组件采集的数据进行编码和调制。本发明的多参数随钻测量系统,周向均布多个钻压、扭矩传感器形成环形电路桥,可测周向上不同位置的钻压、扭矩数据,真实的反映孔内钻具各个位置的受力状态,可有效避免施工过程中卡钻、掉钻等事故的发生;With reference to Figures 1-10, the coal mine underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system of the present invention is equipped with a measuring tube 1. The left end of the measuring tube 1 is connected to the non-magnetic drill pipe, screw motor and drill bit in sequence, and the other end is connected to the non-magnetic flux cable drill pipe in sequence. , cable drill pipe, cable water sender and hole computer. On the outer wall of the measuring tube 1, the main control board assembly 3 and the vibration measuring Measurement component 4 and data collection component 5; vibration measurement component 4 measures the vibration frequency and amplitude of the drilling tool and the flushing fluid pressure outside the measurement tube, and at the same time, the vibration measurement component 4 serves as the control switch for the data collection component 5 and the main control board component 3; The data collection component 5 collects the measurement data of the vibration measurement component 4. At the same time, the data collection component 5 collects the rotation speed of the drilling tool and the flushing fluid pressure in the measurement tube; the main control board component 3 integrates the inclinometer module to measure the dynamic attitude data of the drilling tool and Static attitude data, while encoding and modulating the drilling tool attitude data and data collected by the data collection component. The multi-parameter measurement while drilling system of the present invention has multiple weight-on-bit and torque sensors evenly distributed in the circumferential direction to form an annular circuit bridge, which can measure the weight-on-bit and torque data at different positions in the circumferential direction, truly reflecting the stress state of each position of the drilling tool in the hole. , which can effectively avoid accidents such as drill stuck and dropped drill during construction;
结合图1、8和9,在本公开的实施例中,测量管1为带有中空通道的管体;测量管1一端内轴向嵌设支撑套2,支撑套2内轴向顶设通缆变径接头7;通缆变径接头7通过支撑套2与主控板组件3、振动测量组件4和数据收集组件5实现电连接。With reference to Figures 1, 8 and 9, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the measuring tube 1 is a tube body with a hollow channel; a support sleeve 2 is axially embedded in one end of the measuring tube 1, and a passage is axially mounted in the support sleeve 2. The cable reducing joint 7 is electrically connected to the main control board assembly 3, the vibration measurement assembly 4 and the data collection assembly 5 through the support sleeve 2.
具体的,支撑套2插接配合于测量管1右端,通缆变径接头7与支撑套2插接配合并通过固定环6限位固定于测量管1右端中心通道内。Specifically, the support sleeve 2 is plug-fitted to the right end of the measuring tube 1, and the cable reducing joint 7 is plug-fitted to the support sleeve 2 and fixed in the center channel of the right end of the measuring tube 1 through the fixing ring 6.
在本公开的实施例中,支撑套2设置绝缘座,绝缘座外套设缸体21,缸体21内径向设有3个连接体211,3个连接体每两两围成一个扇形腔212,其作用是作为冲洗液流入通道,最好的,绝缘座22位于三个连接体形成的轴心位置,即三个连接体211的径向终止端;绝缘座为圆环形,在绝缘座的环心设置第一触点公头23,第一触点公头23通过绝缘座22与其他金属件绝缘隔离,第一触点公头23侧壁连通第二过线孔221;其中1个连接体211上设有第一过线孔216,另外2个连接体所对应的缸体外壁上分别设有1个定位孔215,绝缘座22外壁上设有第二过线孔221,绝缘座22插接于缸体21内并注胶固定,第一过线孔216与第二过线孔221轴线一致且相互连通。In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the support sleeve 2 is provided with an insulating seat, and the insulating seat is surrounded by a cylinder 21. There are three connectors 211 radially provided in the cylinder 21, and each of the three connectors forms a fan-shaped cavity 212. Its function is to serve as a flushing liquid inflow channel. Preferably, the insulating seat 22 is located at the axis formed by the three connectors, that is, the radial termination end of the three connectors 211; A first male contact 23 is arranged in the center of the ring. The first male contact 23 is insulated from other metal parts through an insulating seat 22. The side wall of the first male contact 23 is connected to the second wire hole 221; one of them is connected The body 211 is provided with a first wire passing hole 216, and the outer walls of the cylinder corresponding to the other two connecting bodies are respectively provided with a positioning hole 215. The outer wall of the insulating seat 22 is provided with a second wire passing hole 221. The insulating seat 22 Plugged into the cylinder 21 and fixed with glue, the first wire passing hole 216 and the second wire passing hole 221 have the same axis and are connected with each other.
如图10所示,通缆变径接头7设有通缆管体72,通缆管体72一端为公接头,公接头外部设有双层密封圈结构,通缆管体72另一端为母接头,公接头内设有触点母头71,母接头内设有第二触点公头73,通缆管体72采用非金属材料且内部设有通孔,通孔内设有绝缘导线用于连通触点母头71与第二触点公头73,通缆管体72腰部设有环形凸台,通过固定环6将通缆变径接头7轴向上顶紧固定。As shown in Figure 10, the cable reducing joint 7 is provided with a cable pipe body 72. One end of the cable pipe body 72 is a male joint. The outside of the male joint is provided with a double-layer sealing ring structure. The other end of the cable pipe body 72 is a female connector. The male connector is provided with a female contact 71, and the female connector is provided with a second male contact 73. The cable tube body 72 is made of non-metallic material and has a through hole inside, and the through hole is provided with an insulated wire. To connect the female contact 71 and the second male contact 73, the cable pipe body 72 is provided with an annular boss at the waist, and the cable reducing joint 7 is axially pressed and fixed upward through the fixing ring 6.
结合图2,测量管1外壁设有第一矩形槽及第二矩形槽,第一矩形槽与第二矩形槽轴线之间设有第一环形槽,第一矩形槽与第一环形槽之间设有第四过线孔,第二矩形槽与第一环形槽之间设有第五过线孔,第一矩形槽右端设有第三过线孔,测量管1右端管壁上设有2个第一定位孔,2个第一定位孔与第三过线孔之间周向成120°均布,定位 孔左端设有喇叭口,第二矩形槽由左端小矩形槽及右端大矩形槽共同构成,小矩形槽与右端大矩形槽之间设有过线孔,其中小矩形槽中部设有导压孔,导压孔连通测量管1中心通道,第二矩形槽左端设有4个第二环形槽。第一盖板31置于主控板32所对应的矩形槽内并通过内六角螺栓固定于测量管1外壁,第二盖板51置于所述数据采集板52所对应的矩形槽内并通过内六角螺栓固定于测量管1外壁。With reference to Figure 2, the outer wall of the measuring tube 1 is provided with a first rectangular groove and a second rectangular groove, a first annular groove is provided between the axes of the first rectangular groove and the second rectangular groove, and between the first rectangular groove and the first annular groove There is a fourth wire passing hole, a fifth wire passing hole is provided between the second rectangular groove and the first annular groove, a third wire passing hole is provided at the right end of the first rectangular groove, and there are 2 wire passing holes on the right end of the measuring tube 1. 2 first positioning holes, the 2 first positioning holes and the third wire passing hole are evenly distributed at 120° in the circumferential direction. There is a bell mouth at the left end of the hole. The second rectangular groove is composed of a small rectangular groove at the left end and a large rectangular groove at the right end. There is a wire-passing hole between the small rectangular groove and the large rectangular groove at the right end. There is a pressure guide hole in the middle of the small rectangular groove. , the pressure guide hole is connected to the central channel of the measuring tube 1, and four second annular grooves are provided at the left end of the second rectangular groove. The first cover plate 31 is placed in the rectangular groove corresponding to the main control board 32 and fixed to the outer wall of the measuring tube 1 through hexagon socket bolts. The second cover plate 51 is placed in the rectangular groove corresponding to the data acquisition board 52 and passed through The hexagon socket bolts are fixed on the outer wall of the measuring tube 1.
在本公开的实施例中,主控板组件3包括嵌设在测量管1外壁内的主控板32,主控板32上覆盖设置第一盖板31;主控板32上写入测斜模块,测斜模块集成3轴加速度计和3轴磁力计。第一盖板31内侧设有矩形凹槽,第一盖板31配合固定于测量管外壁后,矩形凹槽沟通第一矩形槽,第三过线孔位于矩形凹槽下方,从而连通第一矩形槽、第三过线孔、第一过线孔、第二过线孔直至第一触点公头23,支撑套2插接配合于测量管1内使其环形斜面213配合于测量管1的喇叭口,环形斜面213坡度与喇叭口坡度相一致,定位螺栓11螺纹连接于测量管1上的第一定位孔后螺纹段仍出露一端长度,出露部分插入缸体上21的定位孔215使支撑套2限位固定。In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the main control board assembly 3 includes a main control board 32 embedded in the outer wall of the measurement tube 1. The main control board 32 is covered with a first cover plate 31; inclinometer is written on the main control board 32. module, the inclinometer module integrates a 3-axis accelerometer and a 3-axis magnetometer. A rectangular groove is provided on the inside of the first cover plate 31. The first cover plate 31 is fixed to the outer wall of the measuring tube. The rectangular groove communicates with the first rectangular groove. The third wire hole is located below the rectangular groove, thereby communicating with the first rectangular groove. slot, the third wire hole, the first wire hole, the second wire hole until the first contact male head 23, the support sleeve 2 is plug-fitted into the measuring tube 1 so that the annular slope 213 matches the measuring tube 1 Bell mouth, the slope of the annular slope 213 is consistent with the slope of the bell mouth. The positioning bolt 11 is threadedly connected to the first positioning hole on the measuring tube 1. The threaded section still has one end exposed, and the exposed part is inserted into the positioning hole 215 on the cylinder body 21. The support sleeve 2 is fixed in position.
在本公开的实施例中,数据收集组件5包括嵌设在测量管1外壁内的数据采集板52,数据采集板52上覆盖设置第二盖板51;与所述的数据采集板52相邻设置转速板53和第二压力传感器54;第二压力传感器54测量测量管1内的冲洗液压力,转速板53测量钻具的回转转速,数据采集板52采集测量数据。第二盖板51内侧设有矩形凹槽,矩形凹槽的尺寸根据第二矩形槽内布设传感器的尺寸而定,第二压力传感器54置于第二矩形槽左侧的小矩形槽内,导压孔与第二压力传感器54连通,使得施工过程中可以监测钻具中心通道内的冲洗液压力,转速板53置于第二矩形槽右侧的大矩形槽左端,数据采集板52设置于第二矩形槽右侧的大矩形槽右端并通过螺钉固定。In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the data collection assembly 5 includes a data collection plate 52 embedded in the outer wall of the measurement tube 1. The data collection plate 52 is covered with a second cover plate 51; adjacent to the data collection plate 52 A rotational speed plate 53 and a second pressure sensor 54 are provided; the second pressure sensor 54 measures the flushing fluid pressure in the measuring tube 1, the rotational speed plate 53 measures the rotational speed of the drilling tool, and the data acquisition board 52 collects measurement data. A rectangular groove is provided on the inside of the second cover 51. The size of the rectangular groove is determined according to the size of the sensor arranged in the second rectangular groove. The second pressure sensor 54 is placed in the small rectangular groove on the left side of the second rectangular groove. The pressure hole is connected to the second pressure sensor 54, so that the flushing fluid pressure in the center channel of the drilling tool can be monitored during the construction process. The rotation speed plate 53 is placed at the left end of the large rectangular groove on the right side of the second rectangular groove, and the data acquisition board 52 is placed at the second rectangular groove. The right end of the large rectangular slot on the right side of the two rectangular slots is fixed with screws.
在本公开的实施例中,振动测量组件4包括嵌设在测量管1管壁内的振动传感器41,覆盖振动传感器41设置的第一压盖42;还包括嵌设在测量管1管壁内的第一压力传感器43,覆盖第一压力传感器43设置的第二压盖44;振动传感器41和第一压力传感器43沿测量管1的周向布置,且两者通过第二桥线孔45连接。振动传感器41置于第一环形槽内并通过第一压盖42密封,第一压力传感器43置于第三环形槽内并通过第二压盖44密封,第二压盖44中部设有导压孔用于沟通钻具外环空及第一压力传感器43,振动传感器41、第一压力传感器43通过第二桥线孔45内的绝缘导线相互串联,主控板32置于第一矩形槽内并通过螺钉固定。In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration measurement assembly 4 includes a vibration sensor 41 embedded in the wall of the measurement tube 1, a first gland 42 provided to cover the vibration sensor 41; it also includes a vibration sensor 41 embedded in the wall of the measurement tube 1. The first pressure sensor 43 covers the second pressure cover 44 provided on the first pressure sensor 43; the vibration sensor 41 and the first pressure sensor 43 are arranged along the circumference of the measuring tube 1, and the two are connected through the second bridge hole 45 . The vibration sensor 41 is placed in the first annular groove and sealed by the first gland 42. The first pressure sensor 43 is placed in the third annular groove and sealed by the second gland 44. The middle part of the second gland 44 is provided with a pressure guide. The hole is used to communicate with the outer annulus of the drilling tool and the first pressure sensor 43. The vibration sensor 41 and the first pressure sensor 43 are connected in series through the insulated wires in the second bridge wire hole 45. The main control board 32 is placed in the first rectangular slot. and fixed with screws.
其中,第二压力传感器54用于测量测量管1中心通道内的冲洗液压力,转速板53 用于测量该位置处钻具的回转转速,数据采集板52主要用于采集各个传感器测量的数据进行采集、过滤、编码,同时数据采集板52内部集成了温度传感器,用于检测数据采集板52的温度,振动传感器41用于测量近钻头附近钻具的振动频率及振幅,同时振动传感器41可以作为数据采集板52及主控板32的控制开关,第一压力传感器43用于测量钻具与钻孔之间外环空内的冲洗液压力,主控板32内部集成了测斜模块,测斜模块集成了3轴加速度计(X、Y、Z轴)及3轴磁力计(X、Y、Z轴),可以测定钻进过程中孔内钻具的动态姿态数据及单根钻杆施工完成后钻具的静态姿态数据,主控板32同时对钻具姿态数据及数据采集板52的打包数据再次进行编码、调制。Among them, the second pressure sensor 54 is used to measure the flushing fluid pressure in the central channel of the measuring tube 1, and the rotation speed plate 53 It is used to measure the rotational speed of the drilling tool at this position. The data acquisition board 52 is mainly used to collect, filter and encode the data measured by each sensor. At the same time, the data acquisition board 52 integrates a temperature sensor inside, which is used to detect the data acquisition board 52 temperature. The vibration sensor 41 is used to measure the vibration frequency and amplitude of the drilling tool near the drill bit. At the same time, the vibration sensor 41 can be used as a control switch for the data acquisition board 52 and the main control board 32. The first pressure sensor 43 is used to measure the vibration frequency and amplitude of the drilling tool. To determine the flushing fluid pressure in the outer annulus between boreholes, the main control board 32 integrates an inclinometer module. The inclinometer module integrates a 3-axis accelerometer (X, Y, Z axes) and a 3-axis magnetometer (X, Y , Z axis), can measure the dynamic attitude data of the drilling tool in the hole during the drilling process and the static attitude data of the drilling tool after the construction of a single drill pipe is completed. The main control board 32 simultaneously monitors the drilling tool attitude data and the data acquisition board 52 The packed data is encoded and modulated again.
扭矩压力测量组件8采用4组周向90°均匀布设,分别设置于4个第二环形槽内,其中扭矩压力测量组件8采用了2片高精单羽应变片811、1片高精剪切双羽应变片812,3个应变片均连接在第二环形槽内的接线端子上,2片高精单羽应变片811布设保证其轴线分别与测量管1轴线平行和垂直,用于测量该位置钻具所受到的扭矩,高精剪切双羽应变片轴线与管体轴线相平行,用于测量该位置钻具所受到的钻压,4组传感器共获得扭矩参数8个、钻压参数4个,4组扭矩压力测量组件8之间通过第一桥线孔82内的绝缘导线相互串联使之形成环形电路桥,可测钻具弯曲状态下周向不同位置的钻压和扭矩。4个第二环形槽周向上呈90°均匀布设,4个第二环形槽之间通过第一桥线孔82相互连通,第二环形槽右端的小矩形槽通过第六过线孔与其左侧的第一桥线孔82连通,第一环形槽与第三环形槽周向上成90°夹角布设并通过第二桥线孔45连通。The torque pressure measurement component 8 adopts 4 groups evenly arranged at 90° in the circumferential direction, and are respectively arranged in 4 second annular grooves. Among them, the torque pressure measurement component 8 uses 2 pieces of high-precision single feather strain gauges 811 and 1 piece of high-precision shearing. Double-feather strain gauge 812, three strain gauges are connected to the terminals in the second annular groove, and two high-precision single-feather strain gauges 811 are arranged to ensure that their axes are parallel and perpendicular to the axis of measuring tube 1 respectively, for measuring the The axis of the high-precision double-feather strain gauge is parallel to the axis of the pipe body and is used to measure the torque on the drilling tool at this position. A total of 8 torque parameters and 8 weight-on-bit parameters are obtained from the 4 sets of sensors. Four or four groups of torque pressure measuring assemblies 8 are connected in series through insulated wires in the first bridge wire hole 82 to form an annular circuit bridge, which can measure the drilling pressure and torque at different circumferential positions in the bending state of the drilling tool. The four second annular grooves are evenly arranged at 90° in the circumferential direction. The four second annular grooves are connected to each other through the first bridge wire hole 82. The small rectangular groove at the right end of the second annular groove is connected to its left side through the sixth wire crossing hole. The first bridge wire holes 82 are connected, and the first annular groove and the third annular groove are arranged at an angle of 90° in the circumferential direction and are connected through the second bridge wire hole 45 .
4个扭矩压力测量组件8、第二压力传感器54、转速板53、振动传感器41、第一压力传感器43与数据采集板52相互串联,数据采集板52与主控板32、第一触点公头203相互串联,再通过右端的通缆变径接头7依次连接上无磁通缆钻杆、通缆钻杆、通缆送水器及计算机,使其形成完整的一套多参数随钻测量系统。The four torque pressure measurement components 8, the second pressure sensor 54, the rotation speed plate 53, the vibration sensor 41, the first pressure sensor 43 and the data acquisition board 52 are connected in series. The data acquisition board 52 is connected with the main control board 32 and the first contact pin. The heads 203 are connected in series with each other, and then connected to the non-magnetic flux cable drill pipe, the cable drill pipe, the cable water feeder and the computer in sequence through the cable reducing joint 7 at the right end, forming a complete set of multi-parameter measurement while drilling system. .
其中,整套系统中的过线孔、桥线孔中所过导线均采用绝缘导线并且绝缘导线布设完备后均再次进行注胶进行二次绝缘密封,第一盖板31、第二盖板51与测量管1之间设有回字形橡胶垫圈,防止施工过程中冲洗液进入第一矩形槽及第二矩形槽内腐蚀内部数据采集板52及主控板32等核心电子元件,第二压力传感器54主要通过导压孔测定测量管1中心通道内的冲洗液压力,因此第二压力传感器54与导压孔之间设有高压密封圈,实施例中所涉及的第一压盖42、第二压盖44均与管体螺纹连接,其非螺纹连接部分设有O型密封圈进行密封,缸体21外壁上、下两端均设有2道密封槽214,采用多条O型圈进行径向密封,有效避免入口处冲洗液压力过高导致冲洗液沿着第三过线孔 进入第一矩形槽内。Among them, all the wires passing through the wire holes and bridge wire holes in the entire system are insulated wires, and after the insulated wires are laid out, glue is injected again for secondary insulation sealing. The first cover plate 31, the second cover plate 51 and There is a back-shaped rubber gasket between the measuring tubes 1 to prevent the flushing liquid from entering the first rectangular groove and the second rectangular groove during the construction process and corroding the core electronic components such as the internal data acquisition board 52 and the main control board 32, and the second pressure sensor 54 The flushing fluid pressure in the central channel of the measuring tube 1 is mainly measured through the pressure guide hole. Therefore, a high-pressure sealing ring is provided between the second pressure sensor 54 and the pressure guide hole. The first pressure cover 42 and the second pressure seal involved in the embodiment The cover 44 is threadedly connected to the pipe body, and its non-threaded connection part is provided with an O-ring for sealing. The upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the cylinder 21 are provided with two sealing grooves 214, and multiple O-rings are used for radial sealing. Sealed to effectively prevent the flushing fluid pressure at the inlet from being too high and causing the flushing fluid to flow along the third line hole Enter the first rectangular slot.
另外,测量管1整体材质,第一盖板31、第二盖板51、第一压盖42、第二压盖44及相应配件均选择无磁钢材料,避免地磁的干扰从而影响测斜模块对钻具姿态数据测量的准确性。In addition, the overall material of the measuring tube 1, the first cover plate 31, the second cover plate 51, the first gland 42, the second gland 44 and the corresponding accessories are all made of non-magnetic steel to avoid geomagnetic interference and thus affect the inclinometer module. Accuracy of drilling tool attitude data measurement.
本发明的煤矿井下多参数随钻测量系统的工控方法,包括以下步骤:The industrial control method of the coal mine underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system of the present invention includes the following steps:
步骤一:施工过程中,钻具产生振动,振动传感器41检测到钻具振动从而控制数据采集板52启动,开始采集全部数据。钻机带动孔内钻具进行回转并施加给钻具一定的钻压,扭矩及钻压传递至钻头附近的多参数随钻测量系统上,扭矩压力测量组件8中的应变片受到钻压及扭矩的作用,将实时钻压和扭矩转换为电信号传递给数据采集板52,其中电信号共包含4组数据,每组数据2个钻压值、1个扭矩值;钻头回转切削岩层产生的振动及钻具与孔壁摩擦产生的振动由振动传感器41实时采集并以电信号的形式传递给数据采集板52,振动传感器41能够测得轴向及径向上X、Y、Z三轴的振动情况;第二压力传感器54及第一压力传感器43将该系统中心通道内及钻孔环空内的冲洗液压力转换为电信号传递给数据采集板52;转速板53实时测量钻头附近该系统的回转转速并以电信号的形式传递给数据采集板52;数据采集板52上集成的温度传感器实时测量电路板温度,数据采集板52将上述电信号进行采集、过滤、编码后打包发送至主控板32,主控板32将打包信号进行解码,同时主控板32接收到钻具振动数据信号后,主控板32中的测斜模块对钻具动态姿态数据进行采集,动态测量模式中三轴加速度计仅有轴向一个加速度计采集Vz、三轴磁力计仅有径向两个磁力计采集Bx、By,主控板32将上述数据通过低压直流载波技术再次进行编码、调制,再通过上无磁通缆钻杆、通缆钻杆、通缆送水器传输至孔口计算机,计算机对信号数据进行最终解调,从而获得钻进过程中全部动态数据参数,其中计算得出的动态钻具姿态数据参数为方位、倾角。Step 1: During the construction process, the drilling tool vibrates. The vibration sensor 41 detects the vibration of the drilling tool and controls the start of the data acquisition board 52 to start collecting all data. The drilling rig drives the drilling tool in the hole to rotate and applies a certain bit pressure to the drilling tool. The torque and bit weight are transmitted to the multi-parameter measurement while drilling system near the drill bit. The strain gauge in the torque pressure measurement component 8 is affected by the bit weight and torque. function to convert real-time weight on bit and torque into electrical signals and transmit them to the data acquisition board 52. The electrical signals include a total of 4 sets of data, each set of data has 2 weight on bit values and 1 torque value; the vibration and The vibration caused by the friction between the drilling tool and the hole wall is collected in real time by the vibration sensor 41 and transmitted to the data acquisition board 52 in the form of an electrical signal. The vibration sensor 41 can measure the vibration of the X, Y, and Z axes in the axial and radial directions; The second pressure sensor 54 and the first pressure sensor 43 convert the flushing fluid pressure in the center channel of the system and the drilling annulus into electrical signals and transmit them to the data acquisition board 52; the rotational speed board 53 measures the rotational speed of the system near the drill bit in real time. And transmitted to the data acquisition board 52 in the form of electrical signals; the temperature sensor integrated on the data acquisition board 52 measures the temperature of the circuit board in real time, and the data acquisition board 52 collects, filters, and encodes the above electrical signals and then packages them and sends them to the main control board 32 , the main control board 32 decodes the packaged signal, and at the same time, after the main control board 32 receives the drilling tool vibration data signal, the inclinometer module in the main control board 32 collects the drilling tool dynamic attitude data, and the three-axis acceleration in the dynamic measurement mode The magnetometer has only one axial accelerometer to collect V z , and the three-axis magnetometer has only two radial magnetometers to collect B x and By y . The main control board 32 encodes and modulates the above data again through low-voltage DC carrier technology, and then The upper magnetic flux cable drill pipe, cable drill pipe and cable water feeder are transmitted to the hole computer. The computer finally demodulates the signal data to obtain all dynamic data parameters during the drilling process. Among them, the calculated dynamic data The drilling tool attitude data parameters are azimuth and inclination.
步骤二:停钻加接钻杆,钻具振动停止,振动传感器41检测到钻具振动停止从而控制数据采集板52停止采集数据,从而降低功耗。同时主控板32接收不到钻具振动数据信号后,此时主控板32集成的测斜模块仅对钻具静态姿态数据进行采集,静态测量模式中三轴加速度计采集三向加速度Vx、Vy、Vz,三轴磁力计采集三向磁场强度Bx、By、Bz,主控板32将钻具静态姿态数据通过低压直流载波技术进行编码、调制,再通过上无磁通缆钻杆、通缆钻杆、通缆送水器传输至孔口计算机,计算机对信号数据进行最终解调,从而计算出钻具静态姿态数据参数(方位、倾角、工具面向角)。Step 2: Stop drilling and add the drill pipe. The vibration of the drilling tool stops. The vibration sensor 41 detects that the vibration of the drilling tool stops and controls the data acquisition board 52 to stop collecting data, thereby reducing power consumption. At the same time, after the main control board 32 cannot receive the vibration data signal of the drilling tool, the inclinometer module integrated in the main control board 32 only collects the static attitude data of the drilling tool. In the static measurement mode, the three-axis accelerometer collects the three-dimensional acceleration V x , V y , V z , the three-axis magnetometer collects the three-directional magnetic field intensity B x , By y , B z , the main control board 32 encodes and modulates the static attitude data of the drilling tool through low-voltage DC carrier technology, and then passes it through the upper non-magnetic The cable drill pipe, cable drill pipe, and cable water sender are transmitted to the hole computer, and the computer finally demodulates the signal data to calculate the static attitude data parameters of the drilling tool (azimuth, inclination, and tool roll angle).
结合图11,本发明的煤矿井下多参数随钻测量系统的动态测量方法,包括: Combined with Figure 11, the dynamic measurement method of the coal mine underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system of the present invention includes:
步骤一:在钻进的过程中,只连续记录一段时间(振动传感器检测到振动开始到停止)内钻具轴向上(Z轴)的加速度计和径向上的磁力计(X轴、Y轴)采集的数据,测量数据包括一个轴向加速度计数据Vz和两个径向磁力计数据Bx,ByStep 1: During the drilling process, only the accelerometer in the axial direction (Z-axis) and the magnetometer in the radial direction (X-axis, Y-axis) of the drilling tool are continuously recorded for a period of time (the vibration sensor detects the start to stop of vibration). ) collected data, the measurement data includes one axial accelerometer data V z and two radial magnetometer data B x , By y ;
步骤二:处理轴向加速度计测量的加速度数据Vz,获得无干扰的轴向加速度计测量结果vz;去除径向加速度分量的方法选择滑动平均滤波法,计算方法如下:
Step 2: Process the acceleration data V z measured by the axial accelerometer to obtain interference-free axial accelerometer measurement results v z ; select the moving average filtering method to remove the radial acceleration component, and the calculation method is as follows:
其中2n+1表示滑动平均滤波的点数,滑动平均滤波的点数根据仪器转速和记录频率确定,以煤矿井下常用回转速度60r/min为例,回转频率为1Hz,采集频率200Hz,则滑动平均滤波的点数2n+1应大于200个;Among them, 2n+1 represents the number of points of the sliding average filter. The number of points of the sliding average filter is determined according to the instrument speed and recording frequency. Taking the common rotation speed of 60r/min in coal mines as an example, the rotation frequency is 1Hz and the acquisition frequency is 200Hz, then the sliding average filtering The number of points 2n+1 should be greater than 200;
步骤三:利用无干扰的轴向加速度计测量数据vz和当地的重力加速度总场值G,计算动态井斜角θ;
Step 3: Use the interference-free axial accelerometer measurement data v z and the local gravity acceleration total field value G to calculate the dynamic well inclination angle θ;
步骤四:根据当地地磁总场值B0和地磁倾角β,计算地磁场垂向分量BV和北向分量BN(北向分量BN一般根据资料查询或根据实际地理位置获得);
Bv=sinβ×B0
Step 4: Calculate the vertical component B V and the north component B N of the geomagnetic field based on the local total geomagnetic field value B 0 and the geomagnetic inclination angle β (the north component B N is generally obtained based on data query or actual geographical location);
B v =sinβ×B 0 ;
根据当地地磁总场值B0和径向磁力计测量数据Bx、By,计算沿钻具轴向的磁场分量Bz,再根据Bz计算钻具轴向在水平面投影方向的水平磁场分量BH

According to the local geomagnetic total field value B 0 and the radial magnetometer measurement data B x , By y , calculate the magnetic field component B z along the drilling tool axis, and then calculate the horizontal magnetic field component along the drilling tool axis in the horizontal plane projection direction based on B z BH ;

步骤五:根据钻具轴向在水平面投影方向的水平磁场分量BH和地磁场北向分量BN,计算动态方位角γ;
Step 5: Calculate the dynamic azimuth angle γ based on the horizontal magnetic field component B H and the north direction component B N of the geomagnetic field in the projection direction of the drilling tool axis on the horizontal plane;
以上结合附图选择优先详细论述最佳实施例,并不用于限制本发明。在上述描述的 各个具体技术特征,在不矛盾的情况下,可以通过任意合适的形式进行组合,本发明不在一一赘述。任何本领域技术人员在不脱离技术方案范围内的前提下采取对技术方案进行任意组合或同等替换等简单修改或修饰的手段,并不影响其技术方案的本质仍属于本发明的各实施例代表的技术方案的保护范围之内。 The above preferred embodiments are discussed in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and are not intended to limit the present invention. described in the above Each specific technical feature can be combined in any suitable form if there is no contradiction, and the present invention will not repeat them one by one. Any person skilled in the art may adopt simple modifications or modifications such as any combination or equivalent replacement of the technical solutions without departing from the scope of the technical solutions. This does not affect the essence of the technical solutions and still represents the embodiments of the present invention. within the scope of protection of the technical solution.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种煤矿井下多参数随钻测量系统,其特征在于,设置测量管(1),在所述的测量管(1)外壁上,依次沿轴向嵌设主控板组件(3)、振动测量组件(4)和数据收集组件(5);A multi-parameter measurement-while-drilling system for coal mines, which is characterized in that a measuring tube (1) is provided, and on the outer wall of the measuring tube (1), a main control board assembly (3) and a vibration measurement unit are sequentially embedded along the axial direction. component (4) and data collection component (5);
    振动测量组件(4)测量钻具的振动频率及振幅和测量管外的冲洗液压力,同时振动测量组件(4)作为数据收集组件(5)及主控板组件(3)的控制开关;The vibration measurement component (4) measures the vibration frequency and amplitude of the drilling tool and the flushing fluid pressure outside the measurement tube. At the same time, the vibration measurement component (4) serves as a control switch for the data collection component (5) and the main control board component (3);
    数据收集组件(5)采集振动测量组件(4)的测量数据,同时数据收集组件(5)采集钻具的回转转速和测量管内的冲洗液压力;The data collection component (5) collects the measurement data of the vibration measurement component (4). At the same time, the data collection component (5) collects the rotation speed of the drilling tool and the flushing fluid pressure in the measurement tube;
    主控板组件(3)集成测斜模块,测定钻具的动态姿态数据及静态姿态数据,同时对钻具姿态数据及数据收集组件采集的数据进行编码和调制。The main control board component (3) integrates the inclinometer module to measure the dynamic attitude data and static attitude data of the drilling tool, and at the same time encodes and modulates the drilling tool attitude data and the data collected by the data collection component.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的煤矿井下多参数随钻测量系统,其特征在于,所述的测量管(1)为带有中空通道的管体;The coal mine underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the measuring tube (1) is a tube body with a hollow channel;
    测量管(1)一端内轴向嵌设支撑套(2),支撑套(2)内轴向顶设通缆变径接头(7);A support sleeve (2) is axially embedded in one end of the measuring tube (1), and a cable reducing joint (7) is axially mounted in the support sleeve (2);
    通缆变径接头(7)通过支撑套(2)与所述的主控板组件(3)、振动测量组件(4)和数据收集组件(5)实现电连接。The cable reducing joint (7) is electrically connected to the main control board assembly (3), vibration measurement assembly (4) and data collection assembly (5) through the support sleeve (2).
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的煤矿井下多参数随钻测量系统,其特征在于,所述的支撑套(2)设置绝缘座(22),绝缘座(22)外套设缸体(21),绝缘座(22)内设置第一触点公头(23);The coal mine underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system according to claim 2, characterized in that the support sleeve (2) is provided with an insulating seat (22), and the insulating seat (22) is surrounded by the cylinder (21). A first contact male head (23) is provided inside (22);
    与所述的第一触点公头(23)电连接设置通缆变径接头(7)。A cable reducing joint (7) is electrically connected to the first contact male (23).
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的煤矿井下多参数随钻测量系统,其特征在于,所述的缸体(21)内径向设有多个连接体(211),每两个连接体(211)围成一个扇形腔(212);The coal mine underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system according to claim 3, characterized in that a plurality of connectors (211) are radially provided in the cylinder (21), and each two connectors (211) form a a sector cavity (212);
    绝缘座(22)位于连接体(211)的径向终止端;连接体(211)上设有第一过线孔(216),绝缘座(22)外壁上设有第二过线孔(221),第一触点公头(23)侧壁连通第二过线孔(221)和第一过线孔(216)。The insulating seat (22) is located at the radial termination end of the connecting body (211); the connecting body (211) is provided with a first wire passing hole (216), and the outer wall of the insulating seat (22) is provided with a second wire passing hole (221) ), the side wall of the first contact male (23) communicates with the second wire hole (221) and the first wire hole (216).
  5. 根据权利要求2、3或4所述的煤矿井下多参数随钻测量系统,其特征在于,所述的通缆变径接头(7)设有通缆管体(72),通缆管体(72)一端内设有触点母头(71),另一端内设有第二触点公头(73);The coal mine underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system according to claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the cable reducing joint (7) is provided with a cable pipe body (72), and the cable pipe body (72) 72) One end is provided with a female contact (71), and the other end is provided with a second male contact (73);
    通缆管体(72)腰部设有环形凸台,通过固定环(6)将通缆变径接头(7)轴向顶紧固定。 The waist of the cable pipe body (72) is provided with an annular boss, and the cable reducing joint (7) is axially pressed and fixed through the fixing ring (6).
  6. 根据权利要求1、2、3或4所述的煤矿井下多参数随钻测量系统,其特征在于,所述的主控板组件(3)包括嵌设在测量管(1)外壁内的主控板(32),主控板(32)上覆盖设置第一盖板(31);The coal mine underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the main control board assembly (3) includes a main control board embedded in the outer wall of the measuring tube (1). The main control board (32) is covered with a first cover plate (31);
    主控板(32)上写入测斜模块,测斜模块集成3轴加速度计和3轴磁力计。An inclinometer module is written on the main control board (32), and the inclinometer module integrates a 3-axis accelerometer and a 3-axis magnetometer.
  7. 根据权利要求1、2、3或4所述的煤矿井下多参数随钻测量系统,其特征在于,所述的振动测量组件(4)包括嵌设在测量管(1)管壁内的振动传感器(41),覆盖振动传感器(41)设置的第一压盖(42);The coal mine underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the vibration measurement component (4) includes a vibration sensor embedded in the wall of the measurement tube (1) (41), covering the first gland (42) provided with the vibration sensor (41);
    还包括嵌设在测量管(1)管壁内的第一压力传感器(43),覆盖第一压力传感器(43)设置的第二压盖(44);It also includes a first pressure sensor (43) embedded in the wall of the measuring tube (1), and a second pressure cover (44) provided to cover the first pressure sensor (43);
    振动传感器(41)和第一压力传感器(43)沿测量管(1)的周向布置,且两者通过第二桥线孔(45)连接。The vibration sensor (41) and the first pressure sensor (43) are arranged along the circumferential direction of the measuring tube (1), and the two are connected through the second bridge hole (45).
  8. 根据权利要求1、2、3或4所述的煤矿井下多参数随钻测量系统,其特征在于,所述的数据收集组件(5)包括嵌设在测量管(1)外壁内的数据采集板(52),数据采集板(52)上覆盖设置第二盖板(51);与所述的数据采集板(52)相邻设置转速板(53)和第二压力传感器(54);The coal mine underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the data collection component (5) includes a data collection plate embedded in the outer wall of the measurement tube (1) (52), the data acquisition plate (52) is covered with a second cover plate (51); a rotation speed plate (53) and a second pressure sensor (54) are arranged adjacent to the data acquisition plate (52);
    第二压力传感器(54)测量测量管1内的冲洗液压力,转速板(53)测量钻具的回转转速,数据采集板(52)采集测量数据。The second pressure sensor (54) measures the flushing fluid pressure in the measuring tube 1, the rotational speed plate (53) measures the rotational speed of the drilling tool, and the data acquisition plate (52) collects the measurement data.
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的煤矿井下多参数随钻测量系统,其特征在于,在所述的测量管(1)上沿周向嵌设扭矩压力测量组件(8),扭矩压力测量组件(8)沿周向90°均匀布设,扭矩压力测量组件(8)由2片高精单羽应变片(811)和1片高精剪切双羽应变片(812)组成;The coal mine underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system according to claim 1, characterized in that a torque pressure measurement assembly (8) is embedded circumferentially on the measurement tube (1), and the torque pressure measurement assembly (8) Evenly distributed at 90° along the circumferential direction, the torque pressure measurement component (8) consists of 2 high-precision single-feather strain gauges (811) and 1 high-precision shear double-feather strain gauge (812);
    2片高精单羽应变片(811)布设保证其轴线分别与测量管(1)轴线平行和垂直,用于测量该位置钻具所受到的扭矩;Two pieces of high-precision single-feather strain gauges (811) are arranged to ensure that their axes are parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the measuring tube (1) respectively, and are used to measure the torque on the drilling tool at this position;
    高精剪切双羽应变片(812)的轴线与测量管(1)轴线相平行,用于测量该位置钻具所受到的钻压。The axis of the high-precision shear double-feather strain gauge (812) is parallel to the axis of the measuring tube (1), and is used to measure the drilling pressure on the drilling tool at this position.
  10. 一种煤矿井下多参数随钻测量系统的动态测量方法,其特征在于,包括:A dynamic measurement method for a coal mine underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system, which is characterized by including:
    步骤一:在钻进的过程中,只连续记录一个工作时间内钻具轴向上的加速度计和径向上的磁力计采集的数据,包括一个轴向加速度计数据Vz和两个径向磁力计数据Bx和ByStep 1: During the drilling process, only the data collected by the accelerometer in the axial direction of the drilling tool and the magnetometer in the radial direction are continuously recorded within one working period, including one axial accelerometer data V z and two radial magnetic forces. Count data B x and By y ;
    步骤二:处理轴向加速度计测量的加速度数据Vz,获得无干扰的轴向加速度计测量 结果vz;去除径向加速度分量的方法选择滑动平均滤波法,计算方法如下:
    Step 2: Process the acceleration data V z measured by the axial accelerometer to obtain interference-free axial accelerometer measurements Result v z ; the moving average filter method is selected as the method to remove the radial acceleration component, and the calculation method is as follows:
    其中,2n+1表示滑动平均滤波的点数,滑动平均滤波的点数根据仪器转速和记录频率确定;Among them, 2n+1 represents the number of points of the moving average filter, and the number of points of the moving average filter is determined according to the instrument speed and recording frequency;
    步骤三:利用无干扰的轴向加速度计测量数据vz和当地的重力加速度总场值G,计算动态井斜角θ;
    Step 3: Use the interference-free axial accelerometer measurement data v z and the local gravity acceleration total field value G to calculate the dynamic well inclination angle θ;
    步骤四:根据当地地磁总场值B0和地磁倾角β,计算地磁场垂向分量Bv和北向分量BN
    Bv=sinβ×B0
    Step 4: Calculate the vertical component B v and the north component B N of the geomagnetic field based on the total local geomagnetic field value B 0 and the geomagnetic inclination angle β;
    B v =sinβ×B 0 ;
    根据当地地磁总场值B0和径向磁力计测量数据Bx、By,计算沿钻具轴向的磁场分量Bz,再根据Bz计算钻具轴向在水平面投影方向的水平磁场分量BH

    According to the local geomagnetic total field value B 0 and the radial magnetometer measurement data B x , By y , calculate the magnetic field component B z along the drilling tool axis, and then calculate the horizontal magnetic field component along the drilling tool axis in the horizontal plane projection direction based on B z BH ;

    步骤五:根据钻具轴向在水平面投影方向的水平磁场分量BH和地磁场北向分量BN,计算动态方位角γ;
    Step 5: Calculate the dynamic azimuth angle γ based on the horizontal magnetic field component B H and the north direction component B N of the geomagnetic field in the projection direction of the drilling tool axis on the horizontal plane;
PCT/CN2023/120604 2022-08-24 2023-09-22 Multi-parameter measurement-while-drilling system for underground coal mines, and measurement method WO2024041667A1 (en)

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