CN111720132B - Novel ultra-large section roadway rapid tunneling process - Google Patents
Novel ultra-large section roadway rapid tunneling process Download PDFInfo
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- CN111720132B CN111720132B CN202010520830.2A CN202010520830A CN111720132B CN 111720132 B CN111720132 B CN 111720132B CN 202010520830 A CN202010520830 A CN 202010520830A CN 111720132 B CN111720132 B CN 111720132B
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- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000010878 waste rock Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/003—Arrangement of measuring or indicating devices for use during driving of tunnels, e.g. for guiding machines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a novel ultra-large section roadway rapid tunneling process, and relates to the technical field of roadway tunneling construction. The novel rapid tunneling process for the oversized section roadway comprises the following steps: s1, arranging a shield machine at the excavation position, and cutting the target position into a circular tunnel with a specified diameter by using the shield machine; s2, supporting the upper half part in the formed round roadway; and S3, after the shield machine continuously cuts and supports for a certain distance, retreating the shield machine, carrying out centralized blasting or pneumatic pick removing process on the circular tunnel, and S4, filling the removed waste rock into the middle of the bottom surface of the circular tunnel, keeping the whole bottom plate horizontal, and supporting the formed straight wall part. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the characteristics of high mechanization level, high tunneling speed and capability of forming a roadway quickly, solves the problems of difficult construction and low tunneling speed of an underground oversized section roadway, and has obvious advantages in long-distance oversized section roadway tunneling construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunneling construction, in particular to a novel rapid tunneling process for a tunnel with an ultra-large section.
Background
The existing underground roadway tunneling construction process comprises two types: blasting and fully mechanized excavating. In the tunneling of a tunnel with an ultra-large section, the two processes have poor effects, the blasting and tunneling process is difficult to construct and the progress is slow; the cutting size of the fully-mechanized excavating machine equipment in the fully-mechanized excavating process is small, and the roadway forming is difficult.
Limited by the cutting size of the roadheader, the roadway is too high to reach the cutting arm; the roadways are too wide, the roadheader needs to swing left and right for cutting, but is limited by a rear conveying belt, and the left and right swing amplitude of the roadheader is limited. Therefore, the construction difficulty of the fully-mechanized excavating machine for tunneling the oversized cross-section roadway is higher, and the field multi-purpose excavating construction is realized.
The blasting excavation is adopted to construct an oversized section roadway, and because the section of the roadway is large, the drilling and the supporting are difficult, the site is multipurpose, the step is tunneled, and the section construction is carried out. The mechanical degree of blasting excavation is low, the divided surface construction is adopted, the excavation progress is slow, the tunnel forming is poor, the tunnel is generally advanced by 60-70 meters, and for a continuous and tense mine, the large-section tunnel forming is often used as a neck engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a novel rapid tunneling process for a tunnel with an oversized section, and the defects in the prior art are overcome.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a novel ultra-large section roadway rapid tunneling process comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging a shield tunneling machine at the excavation position, marking and positioning the cutting target position, dividing the target roadway needing to be cut into a plurality of cutting areas, and cutting the target position into a circular roadway with a specified diameter by using the shield tunneling machine;
s2, supporting the upper half part in the formed round tunnel, keeping the net diameter of the supported round tunnel, and measuring the inner diameter of the round tunnel by using a laser range finder, wherein each meter is taken as a measuring point, and the measuring error is not more than +/-2 cm;
s3, continuously cutting a plurality of areas each time by the shield machine, supporting the cut areas, retreating the shield machine, and performing centralized blasting or pneumatic pick removing process on the circular tunnel;
s4, filling the removed waste rocks into the middle of the bottom surface of the round tunnel, keeping the whole bottom plate horizontal, supporting the formed straight wall part, keeping the clear width of the supported straight wall part, and measuring the clear distance of the straight walls on the two sides of the tunnel by using a laser range finder, wherein each meter is taken as a measuring point, and the measuring error is not more than +/-2 cm.
Preferably, the model of the shield machine includes but is not limited to a TBM shield machine.
Preferably, in the step 2, the upper half part of the circular roadway is supported in the following manner:
1) drilling holes in the upper part of the circular roadway by using drilling equipment, and drilling anchor rod holes at intervals of 1-2 m;
2) after the anchor rod hole is drilled, the resin anchoring agent is fed into the bottom of the anchor rod hole by using the anchor rod, and then the anchor rod hole is filled into the equal-strength anchor rod;
3) stirring with a pneumatic drill for 10-30 s, taking off the pneumatic drill after solidification, pressing a steel belt, and pressing an iron tray on the steel belt;
4) then the steel strips are screwed by nuts, the installation direction of the steel strips is vertical to the direction of the circular roadway, and each row of steel strips must be communicated without interruption.
Preferably, the step 3 includes, but is not limited to, a centralized blasting and pneumatic pick removing mode, and a small-section rapid rock breaking mode.
Preferably, the supporting manner of the straight wall part in the step 4 is as follows:
1) positioning and marking a straight wall surface of the roadway to form positioning holes, and drilling holes by using drilling equipment according to the positioning holes at intervals of 2-3 m;
2) preparing supporting steel bars, mounting centering and positioning brackets on the steel bars, wherein the distance between the brackets and the supporting steel bars is 3-5m, checking whether foreign matters exist in holes or not, and keeping the holes clean;
3) adopting low-pressure or high-pressure grouting, arranging a grout stop plug at the position of a grouting port during pressure grouting, slowly injecting grout into the grouting port, keeping the pressure for 5-10min after the grouting is full, and performing grout filling before the grout is initially set until a hole is full during gravity grouting, wherein the grout filling times are 1-2 times;
4) and (3) finishing the installation of the supporting reinforcing steel bars, then performing spraying surface layer treatment, and performing water spraying maintenance on the surface layer after the sprayed concrete is finally set for 3-5 h.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the method has the characteristics of high mechanization level, high tunneling speed and capability of forming a roadway quickly, solves the problems of difficulty in underground oversized section roadway construction and low tunneling speed, and has obvious advantages in long-distance oversized section roadway tunneling construction.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a roadway according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a novel rapid tunneling process for a tunnel with an ultra-large cross section, including the following steps:
s1, arranging a shield tunneling machine (taking the diameter of a cutting part of the shield tunneling machine as an example of 6.3 m) at an excavation position, marking and positioning a cutting target position, dividing a target roadway needing to be cut into a plurality of cutting areas, and cutting the target position into a circular roadway (as shown in a position a in figure 1) with the diameter of 6.3 m by using the shield tunneling machine, wherein the type of the shield tunneling machine comprises but is not limited to a TBM (tunnel boring machine);
s2, supporting the upper half part in the formed circular roadway, keeping the net diameter of the supported circular roadway to be 6 meters, measuring the inner diameter of the circular roadway by using a laser range finder, and taking each meter as a measuring point, wherein the measuring error is not more than +/-2 cm;
the supporting mode of the upper half part of the circular roadway is as follows:
1) drilling holes in the upper part of the circular roadway by using drilling equipment, and drilling anchor rod holes at intervals of 1-2 m;
2) after the anchor rod hole is drilled, the resin anchoring agent is fed into the bottom of the anchor rod hole by using the anchor rod, and then the anchor rod hole is filled into the equal-strength anchor rod;
3) stirring with a pneumatic drill for 10-30 s, taking off the pneumatic drill after solidification, pressing a steel belt, and pressing an iron tray on the steel belt;
4) then, the steel strips are screwed by nuts, the installation direction of the steel strips is vertical to the direction of the circular roadway, and each row of steel strips must penetrate through the steel strips without interruption;
s3, after the shield machine continuously cuts and supports a certain distance, the shield machine is retreated, when retreating for the first time, the shield machine should be withdrawn from the interior of the circular tunnel formed for the first time, and then, from the second time, the shield machine should be positioned at the position of the formed straight wall when retreating, the method can be positioned at the nearest straight wall, and the straight wall must be supported, the centralized blasting or pneumatic pick removing process is carried out on the round tunnel, the centralized blasting or pneumatic pick removing process is mainly carried out on the straight wall (shown as the position b in figure 1) of the tunnel and the triangular part (shown as the position c in figure 1) clamped by the dotted line circular ring, the width of two sides of the tunnel is enlarged, the round section formed by the tunneling of the TBM shield machine is changed into the semicircular arch section of the straight wall, the tunnel utilization rate is improved, the using requirement of the underground tunnel is met, the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out blasting and pneumatic pick removing on a round roadway, wherein the round roadway comprises a centralized blasting and pneumatic pick removing mode and a small-section rapid rock breaking mode;
s4, filling the removed waste rocks into the middle of the bottom surface of the round tunnel, keeping the whole bottom plate (shown as d in figure 1) horizontal, supporting the formed straight wall part at the same time, keeping the clear width of the supported straight wall part to be 6 meters, measuring the clear distance of the straight walls on the two sides of the tunnel by using a laser range finder, and taking each meter as a measuring point, wherein the measuring error is not more than +/-2 cm;
wherein, the partial supporting mode of straight wall is as follows:
1) positioning and marking a straight wall surface of the roadway to form positioning holes, and drilling holes by using drilling equipment according to the positioning holes at intervals of 2-3 m;
2) preparing supporting steel bars, mounting centering and positioning brackets on the steel bars, wherein the distance between the brackets and the supporting steel bars is 3-5m, checking whether foreign matters exist in holes or not, and keeping the holes clean;
3) adopting low-pressure or high-pressure grouting, arranging a grout stop plug at the position of a grouting port during pressure grouting, slowly injecting grout into the grouting port, keeping the pressure for 5-10min after the grouting is full, and performing grout filling before the grout is initially set until a hole is full during gravity grouting, wherein the grout filling times are 1-2 times;
4) and (3) finishing the installation of the supporting reinforcing steel bars, then performing spraying surface layer treatment, and performing water spraying maintenance on the surface layer after the sprayed concrete is finally set for 3-5 h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the characteristics of high mechanization level, high tunneling speed and capability of forming a roadway quickly, solves the problems of difficult construction and low tunneling speed of an underground oversized section roadway, and has obvious advantages in long-distance oversized section roadway tunneling construction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (2)
1. A novel ultra-large section roadway rapid tunneling process is characterized in that: the process comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging a shield tunneling machine at the excavation position, marking and positioning the cutting target position, dividing the target roadway needing to be cut into a plurality of cutting areas, and cutting the target position into a circular roadway with a specified diameter by using the shield tunneling machine;
s2, supporting the upper half part in the formed round tunnel, keeping the net diameter of the supported round tunnel, and measuring the inner diameter of the round tunnel by using a laser range finder, wherein each meter is taken as a measuring point, and the measuring error is not more than +/-2 cm; the supporting mode of the upper half part of the circular roadway is as follows:
1) drilling holes in the upper part of the circular roadway by using drilling equipment, and drilling anchor rod holes at intervals of 1-2 m;
2) after the anchor rod hole is drilled, the resin anchoring agent is fed into the bottom of the anchor rod hole by using the anchor rod, and then the anchor rod hole is filled into the equal-strength anchor rod;
3) stirring with a pneumatic drill for 10-30 s, taking off the pneumatic drill after solidification, pressing a steel belt, and pressing an iron tray on the steel belt;
4) then, the steel strips are screwed by nuts, the installation direction of the steel strips is vertical to the direction of the circular roadway, and each row of steel strips must penetrate through the steel strips without interruption;
s3, continuously cutting a plurality of areas each time by the shield machine, supporting the cut areas, retreating the shield machine, and performing centralized blasting or pick picking, upper laying and bottom laying on the round tunnel or rapidly breaking rocks with small sections to expand the width of two sides of the tunnel;
s4, filling the removed waste rocks into the middle of the bottom surface of the round tunnel, keeping the whole bottom plate horizontal, supporting the formed straight wall part, keeping the net width of the supported straight wall part, and measuring the net distance of the straight walls on the two sides of the tunnel by using a laser range finder, wherein each meter is taken as a measuring point, and the measuring error is not more than +/-2 cm; the supporting mode of the straight wall part is as follows:
1) positioning and marking a straight wall surface of the roadway to form positioning holes, and drilling holes by using drilling equipment according to the positioning holes at intervals of 2-3 m;
2) preparing supporting steel bars, mounting centering and positioning brackets on the steel bars, wherein the distance between the brackets and the supporting steel bars is 3-5m, checking whether foreign matters exist in holes or not, and keeping the holes clean;
3) adopting low-pressure or high-pressure grouting, arranging a grout stop plug at the position of a grouting port during pressure grouting, slowly injecting grout into the grouting port, keeping the pressure for 5-10min after the grouting is full, and performing grout filling before the grout is initially set until a hole is full during gravity grouting, wherein the grout filling times are 1-2 times;
4) and (3) finishing the installation of the supporting reinforcing steel bars, then performing spraying surface layer treatment, and performing water spraying maintenance on the surface layer after the sprayed concrete is finally set for 3-5 h.
2. The novel ultra-large section roadway rapid tunneling process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the model of the shield machine is a TBM shield machine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010520830.2A CN111720132B (en) | 2020-06-10 | 2020-06-10 | Novel ultra-large section roadway rapid tunneling process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010520830.2A CN111720132B (en) | 2020-06-10 | 2020-06-10 | Novel ultra-large section roadway rapid tunneling process |
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| CN111720132A CN111720132A (en) | 2020-09-29 |
| CN111720132B true CN111720132B (en) | 2022-02-25 |
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| CN116556980B (en) * | 2023-05-27 | 2024-03-19 | 中煤第三建设（集团）有限责任公司 | Quick tunneling construction method for water-rich large-section roadway in mining area |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101220746A (en) * | 2008-02-01 | 2008-07-16 | 中铁十三局集团有限公司 | TBM pilot tunnel expansion digging method for 20km double-line double-cavity ultra-long tunnel construction |
| CN105863651A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-08-17 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Tunnel construction method with shield methodand new Austrian tunneling method being combined |
| CN206092025U (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2017-04-12 | 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司 | Quick -witted bolting with wire mesh mechanism is constructed in colliery shield in pit |
| CN206487483U (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-09-12 | 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司 | A kind of mining tunneling boring hard rock mole |
| CN111022086A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-17 | 周伟永 | Single-layer arch frame for roadway engineering support and rapid support method thereof |
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2020
- 2020-06-10 CN CN202010520830.2A patent/CN111720132B/en active Active
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101220746A (en) * | 2008-02-01 | 2008-07-16 | 中铁十三局集团有限公司 | TBM pilot tunnel expansion digging method for 20km double-line double-cavity ultra-long tunnel construction |
| CN105863651A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-08-17 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Tunnel construction method with shield methodand new Austrian tunneling method being combined |
| CN206092025U (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2017-04-12 | 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司 | Quick -witted bolting with wire mesh mechanism is constructed in colliery shield in pit |
| CN206487483U (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-09-12 | 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司 | A kind of mining tunneling boring hard rock mole |
| CN111022086A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-17 | 周伟永 | Single-layer arch frame for roadway engineering support and rapid support method thereof |
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| Title |
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| "TBM 型盾构机在新景公司保安分区8#煤回风巷的应用";程凯等;《山东煤炭科技》;20200531;第123-125页 * |
| "煤矿岩巷全断面掘进机(TBM) 及智能化关键技术";王杜娟等;《煤炭学报》;20200605;第2.2节，图7 * |
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