CN111718212A

CN111718212A - Pretreatment equipment and process for preparing composite microbial fertilizer by using aquaculture sludge

Info

Publication number: CN111718212A
Application number: CN202010580895.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王胜; 付翔; 江杰
Original assignee: Shandong Sunway Saline Alkali Soil Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Sunway Saline Alkali Soil Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-23
Filing date: 2020-06-23
Publication date: 2020-09-29

Abstract

The invention discloses a pretreatment device and a process for preparing a compound microbial fertilizer by using aquaculture sludge, which comprises the following steps: the center of the top supporting plate is rotatably provided with a rotating shaft through a first supporting bearing, the interior of the screening cylinder is rotatably provided with a conical screen, and the upper part of the top supporting plate is also provided with a driving motor in transmission connection with the rotating shaft; the lower end of the conical sieve is communicated with a slag discharge pipe, the lower part of the slag discharge pipe is also fixedly connected with a scraper plate, the bottom of the screening cylinder is also communicated with a discharge pipe, and the lower end of the discharge pipe is communicated with a sludge collection box; the invention can directly separate most of water after screening, can directly carry out the production of the next process, and improves the production efficiency of the microbial fertilizer.

Description

Pretreatment equipment and process for preparing composite microbial fertilizer by using aquaculture sludge

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of microbial fertilizers, particularly relates to pretreatment equipment for preparing a composite microbial fertilizer by using aquaculture sludge, and particularly relates to a pretreatment process for preparing the composite microbial fertilizer by using the aquaculture sludge.

Background

Aquaculture is the production activity of breeding, cultivating and harvesting aquatic animals and plants under artificial control. Generally comprises the whole process of cultivating aquatic products from seedlings under artificial feeding management. In a broad sense, this may also include the proliferation of aquatic resources. Aquaculture has modes of rough culture, intensive culture, high-density intensive culture and the like. The rough culture is to put seedlings in medium and small natural waters and to culture aquatic products such as fish in lakes and reservoirs, shellfish in shallow seas and the like by completely relying on natural baits. Intensive culture is to culture aquatic products such as pond fish culture, net cage fish culture, fence culture and the like in a small water body by using bait casting and fertilizing methods. The high-density intensive culture adopts methods of flowing water, controlling temperature, increasing oxygen, feeding high-quality baits and the like to carry out high-density culture in a small water body so as to obtain high yield, such as flowing water high-density fish culture, shrimp culture and the like.

A large amount of aquaculture sludge is generated in the aquaculture process, the aquaculture sludge has rich nutritional value and can be applied to the production of microbial fertilizers, the aquaculture sludge contains more impurities, such as stones, shells, fish bones and the like, the impurities are not beneficial to the production processes of crushing, granulating and the like of the sludge in the later period, and the sludge needs to be screened and separated; and because mud itself is difficult to sieve, the ordinary mode structure that adopts the filter-pressing is too complicated, and efficiency is lower. Therefore, the pretreatment equipment for preparing the compound microbial fertilizer by using the aquaculture sludge and the production process thereof are provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide pretreatment equipment and a pretreatment process for preparing a composite microbial fertilizer by using aquaculture sludge, and aims to solve the problems of low screening efficiency and complex structure of the aquaculture sludge in the prior art by adopting a filter pressing mode.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a pretreatment equipment for preparing a compound microbial fertilizer by using aquaculture sludge comprises:

the screening drum is characterized in that the upper end of the screening drum is fixedly connected with a top supporting plate through a connecting column, the center of the top supporting plate is rotatably provided with a rotating shaft through a first supporting bearing, the interior of the screening drum is rotatably provided with a conical screen, the lower end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the conical screen through a first connecting rod, and the upper part of the top supporting plate is also provided with a driving motor in transmission connection with the rotating shaft; the lower extreme intercommunication of toper sieve has the scum pipe, the bottom at the screening section of thick bamboo is rotated through third support bearing to the lower part of scum pipe, the lower part of scum pipe still fixedly connected with scraper blade, the bottom of screening section of thick bamboo still communicates there is the discharging pipe, the lower extreme intercommunication of discharging pipe has the sludge collecting box, the bottom of sludge collecting box is provided with the swash plate, cavity board in the fixedly connected with on the swash plate, the fixed intercommunication in upper end of cavity board has jet-propelled pipe, be provided with the fumarole on the jet-propelled pipe, the steam air-blower is still installed to the interior bottom of sludge collecting box, the inside intercommunication of trachea and cavity board is passed through in the export of steam air-blower, infrared heating board is still installed at the interior top of sludge collecting box.

Preferably, the top of the sludge collection box is communicated with an exhaust pipe, and one end of the sludge collection box is also provided with a sealed discharge door.

Preferably, the device also comprises a sludge pipe, wherein the sludge pipe is communicated with an outlet of the sludge pump, an outlet at one end of the sludge pipe is arranged above the conical screen, an outlet of the sludge pipe is sealed, and a discharge hole is formed in the lower part of one end of the sludge pipe.

Preferably, the upper end of the conical screen is fixedly connected with an annular blocking cover, the diameter of the upper port of the annular blocking cover is smaller than that of the upper port of the conical screen, and a Teflon anti-sticking layer is sprayed on the surface of the inner wall of the annular blocking cover.

Preferably, the upper end outside of conical screen is through second connecting rod fixedly connected with bull's eye bearing, the annular groove has been seted up on the upper end inner wall of screening section of thick bamboo, the rotation portion of bull's eye bearing is installed in the annular groove.

Preferably, a second supporting bearing is installed at the upper end of the slag discharging pipe, the outer side of the second supporting bearing is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screening cylinder through a third connecting rod, and a slag collecting box is arranged below the lower end of the slag discharging pipe.

Preferably, the second belt pulley is installed to the upper end of axis of rotation, first belt pulley is installed to driving motor's upper end, first belt pulley and second belt pulley pass through belt transmission and connect, just driving motor sets up to variable speed motor.

Preferably, the surface of conical screen is provided with the screening hole, fixedly connected with stiffener on the inner wall of conical screen, the lower extreme fixed connection of head rod is on the stiffener.

The invention also provides a pretreatment process for preparing the compound microbial fertilizer by using the aquaculture sludge, which comprises the following steps:

s1, starting a driving motor to enable the conical screen to rotate, and after the conical screen stabilizes the rotating speed; pumping sludge of aquaculture into a sludge pipe through a sludge pump, and injecting the sludge into the conical sieve from the lower part of one end of the sludge pipe;

s2, debugging, namely adjusting the rotating speed of the driving motor to enable the sludge smaller than the screening holes to be smoothly screened and fall into the screening cylinder under the action of centrifugal force, and collecting the sludge falling into the screening cylinder to the upper end opening of the discharge pipe under the action of the scraper plate so as to enter the sludge collection box, wherein stones and shells larger than the screening holes are retained in the conical screen;

s3, after 10-15 minutes according to the condition that the sludge contains impurities, reducing the speed of a driving motor, reducing the centrifugal force, and enabling the shell and stone impurities to fall into a slag discharge pipe for discharge and separation, so that the impurities in the sludge are continuously separated;

s4, continuously carrying out hot air drying on the sludge collected in the sludge collection box under the action of an infrared heating plate and a hot air blower, and opening a sealed discharge door to carry out once discharging every 10-15 minutes;

s5, mixing the taken sludge with the microbial bacteria, airing, and granulating to produce the compound microbial fertilizer particles to finish production.

Preferably, after the rotating speed of the driving motor is stabilized, the speed is kept at 400-600r/min before the speed is reduced, and the rotating speed after the speed is reduced is 80-120 r/min; and when the speed is reduced, the feeding speed of the sludge pump is reduced or the sludge pump is directly stopped.

The invention has the technical effects and advantages that: compared with the prior art, the pretreatment equipment for preparing the compound microbial fertilizer by using the aquaculture sludge and the production process thereof provided by the invention have the following advantages:

1. the invention directly utilizes the screening cylinder and the conical screen to screen the sludge, the qualified sludge screened out falls into the screening cylinder to be discharged under the action of centrifugal force, and the sludge is discharged from the slag discharge pipe after the impurities are concentrated, without excessive operation, and the production operation can be continued without stopping the machine basically in the screening process;

2. according to the invention, after sludge is collected, a hot air blower and an infrared heating plate are adopted for hot air drying, most of water is directly separated after screening, and the production of the next process can be directly carried out, so that the drying step time is saved, and the production efficiency of the microbial fertilizer is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the sieving cartridge of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the sludge collection tank of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a screening drum; 2. connecting columns; 3. a sludge pipe; 4. a top support plate; 5. a drive motor; 6. a first pulley; 7. a belt; 8. a second pulley; 9. a rotating shaft; 10. a first support bearing; 11. a conical screen; 12. a first connecting rod; 13. a reinforcing bar; 14. screening holes; 15. a slag discharge pipe; 16. a discharge pipe; 17. a slag material collecting box; 18. a sludge collection box; 19. an annular shield; 20. a discharge port; 21. a second connecting rod; 22. an annular groove; 23. a bull's eye bearing; 24. a third connecting rod; 25. a second support bearing; 26. a third support bearing; 27. a squeegee; 28. an infrared heating plate; 29. a sloping plate; 30. a gas ejector tube; 31. a gas injection hole; 32. a hollow plate; 33. an air tube; 34. a hot air blower; 35. an exhaust pipe; 36. and sealing the discharge door.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not delimit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The invention provides a pretreatment device for preparing a compound microbial fertilizer by using aquaculture sludge, which comprises the following components in parts by weight as shown in figures 1-3:

the screening drum comprises a screening drum 1, wherein the upper end of the screening drum 1 is fixedly connected with a top supporting plate 4 through a connecting column 2, the center of the top supporting plate 4 is rotatably provided with a rotating shaft 9 through a first supporting bearing 10, the interior of the screening drum 1 is rotatably provided with a conical screen 11, the lower end of the rotating shaft 9 is fixedly connected with the conical screen 11 through a first connecting rod 12, and the upper part of the top supporting plate 4 is also provided with a driving motor 5 in transmission connection with the rotating shaft 9; the lower extreme intercommunication of conical screen 11 has scum pipe 15, the lower part of scum pipe 15 is rotated through third support bearing 26 and is installed in the bottom of screening section of thick bamboo 1, the lower part of scum pipe 15 still fixedly connected with scraper blade 27, the bottom of screening section of thick bamboo 1 still communicates there is discharging pipe 16, the lower extreme intercommunication of discharging pipe 16 has sludge collection box 18, sludge collection box 18's bottom is provided with swash plate 29, fixedly connected with cavity board 32 on the swash plate 29, the fixed intercommunication in upper end of cavity board 32 has jet-propelled pipe 30, be provided with fumarole 31 on the jet-propelled pipe 30, hot air blower 34 is still installed to the interior bottom of sludge collection box 18, the inside intercommunication of trachea 33 and cavity board 32 is passed through in the export of hot air blower 34, infrared heating board 28 is still installed at the interior top of sludge collection box 18.

The top of the sludge collection box 18 is communicated with an exhaust pipe 35, and one end of the sludge collection box 18 is also provided with a sealed discharge door 36. Still including sludge pipe 3, sludge pipe 3 and the export intercommunication of sludge pump (not drawn in the sludge pump picture), the one end export setting of this sludge pipe 3 is in the top of conical screen 11, and the export of sludge pipe 3 is sealed, sets up discharge gate 20 in the one end lower part of sludge pipe 3. The upper end of conical screen 11 is fixedly connected with annular fender cover 19 still, the upper end oral area diameter that annular fender cover 19 is less than conical screen 11 is less than, and the inner wall surface spraying of annular fender cover 19 has the antiseized layer of teflon. The upper end outside of conical screen 11 is through second connecting rod 21 fixedly connected with bull's eye bearing 23, annular groove 22 has been seted up on the upper end inner wall of screening section of thick bamboo 1, the rotation portion of bull's eye bearing 23 is installed in annular groove 22. A second supporting bearing 25 is installed at the upper end of the slag discharging pipe 15, the outer side of the second supporting bearing 25 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screening cylinder 1 through a third connecting rod 24, and a slag collecting box 17 is arranged below the lower end of the slag discharging pipe 15. Second belt pulley 8 is installed to the upper end of axis of rotation 9, first belt pulley 6 is installed to driving motor 5's upper end, first belt pulley 6 and second belt pulley 8 pass through belt 7 transmission and connect, just driving motor 5 sets up to variable speed motor. The surface of conical screen 11 is provided with screening hole 14, fixedly connected with stiffener 13 on the inner wall of conical screen 11, the lower extreme fixed connection of first connecting rod 12 is on stiffener 13.

The method comprises the following specific steps of preparing the compound microbial fertilizer by using the aquaculture sludge:

s3, after 10 minutes according to the condition that the sludge contains impurities, reducing the speed of a driving motor, reducing the centrifugal force, and enabling the shell and pebble impurities to fall into a slag discharge pipe for discharge and separation, so that the impurities in the sludge are continuously separated;

s4, continuously carrying out hot air drying on the sludge collected in the sludge collection box under the action of an infrared heating plate and a hot air blower, and opening a sealed discharge door to discharge once every 10 minutes;

After the rotating speed of the driving motor is stabilized, the speed is kept at 600r/min before the speed is reduced, and the rotating speed after the speed is reduced is 120 r/min; and when the speed is reduced, the sludge pump is directly stopped.

Example 2

Unlike example 1, the sludge in this example had relatively few impurities.

The concrete steps of the embodiment when the compound microbial fertilizer is prepared by using aquaculture sludge are as follows:

s3, after 15 minutes according to the condition that the sludge contains impurities, reducing the speed of a driving motor, reducing the centrifugal force, and enabling the shell and pebble impurities to fall into a slag discharge pipe for discharge and separation, so that the impurities in the sludge are continuously separated;

s4, continuously carrying out hot air drying on the sludge collected in the sludge collection box under the action of an infrared heating plate and a hot air blower, and opening a sealed discharge door to discharge once every 15 minutes;

After the rotating speed of the driving motor is stabilized, the speed is kept at 400r/min before the speed is reduced, and the rotating speed after the speed is reduced is 80 r/min; and when the speed is reduced, the feeding speed of the sludge pump is reduced to half of the original feeding speed. In the embodiment, the heating power of the infrared heating plate is lower than that of the embodiment 1 by a quarter because the interval time of each time of the sludge collection box is longer.

In conclusion, the invention directly utilizes the screening cylinder and the conical screen to screen the sludge, the qualified screened sludge falls into the screening cylinder to be discharged under the action of centrifugal force, and the impurities are concentrated and then discharged from the slag discharge pipe, so that excessive operation is not needed, the machine does not need to be stopped basically in the screening process, and the production operation can be continued; according to the invention, after sludge is collected, a hot air blower and an infrared heating plate are adopted for hot air drying, most of water is directly separated after screening, and the production of the next process can be directly carried out, so that the drying step time is saved, and the production efficiency of the microbial fertilizer is improved.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A pretreatment equipment for preparing a compound microbial fertilizer by using aquaculture sludge is characterized by comprising:

the screening device comprises a screening barrel (1), wherein the upper end of the screening barrel (1) is fixedly connected with a top supporting plate (4) through a connecting column (2), the center of the top supporting plate (4) is rotatably provided with a rotating shaft (9) through a first supporting bearing (10), a conical screen (11) is rotatably arranged inside the screening barrel (1), the lower end of the rotating shaft (9) is fixedly connected with the conical screen (11) through a first connecting rod (12), and the upper part of the top supporting plate (4) is also provided with a driving motor (5) in transmission connection with the rotating shaft (9);

the lower end of the conical sieve (11) is communicated with a deslagging pipe (15), the lower part of the deslagging pipe (15) is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the screening cylinder (1) through a third supporting bearing (26), the lower part of the deslagging pipe (15) is fixedly connected with a scraper (27), the bottom of the screening cylinder (1) is also communicated with a discharge pipe (16), the lower end of the discharge pipe (16) is communicated with a sludge collection box (18), the bottom of the sludge collection box (18) is provided with an inclined plate (29), the inclined plate (29) is fixedly connected with a hollow plate (32), the upper end of the hollow plate (32) is fixedly communicated with an air injection pipe (30), the air injection pipe (30) is provided with an air injection hole (31), the inner bottom of the sludge collection box (18) is also provided with a hot air blower (34), the outlet of the hot air blower (34) is communicated with the interior of the hollow plate (32) through an air pipe (33), and an infrared heating plate (28) is also arranged at the top of the sludge collection box (18).

2. The pretreatment equipment for preparing the compound microbial fertilizer by using the aquaculture sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pretreatment equipment comprises: the top of the sludge collection box (18) is communicated with an exhaust pipe (35), and one end of the sludge collection box (18) is also provided with a sealed discharge door (36).

3. The pretreatment equipment for preparing the compound microbial fertilizer by using the aquaculture sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pretreatment equipment comprises: still including sludge pipe (3), sludge pipe (3) and the export intercommunication of sludge pump, the one end export setting of this sludge pipe (3) is in the top of conical screen (11), and the export of sludge pipe (3) is sealed, offers discharge gate (20) in the one end lower part of sludge pipe (3).

4. The pretreatment equipment for preparing the compound microbial fertilizer by using the aquaculture sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pretreatment equipment comprises: the upper end of conical screen (11) is fixedly connected with annular shield cover (19) still, the upper end oral area diameter that annular shield cover (19) was less than the upper end oral area diameter of conical screen (11), and the inner wall surface spraying of annular shield cover (19) has the antiseized layer of teflon.

5. The pretreatment equipment for preparing the compound microbial fertilizer by using the aquaculture sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pretreatment equipment comprises: the upper end outside of conical screen (11) is through second connecting rod (21) fixedly connected with bull's eye bearing (23), annular groove (22) have been seted up on the upper end inner wall of screening section of thick bamboo (1), the rotation portion of bull's eye bearing (23) is installed in annular groove (22).

6. The pretreatment equipment for preparing the compound microbial fertilizer by using the aquaculture sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pretreatment equipment comprises: second support bearing (25) are installed to the upper end of row's sediment pipe (15), the outside of second support bearing (25) is through third connecting rod (24) fixed connection on the inner wall of screening section of thick bamboo (1), the lower extreme below of row's sediment pipe (15) is provided with slag charge collecting box (17).

7. The pretreatment equipment for preparing the compound microbial fertilizer by using the aquaculture sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pretreatment equipment comprises: second belt pulley (8) are installed to the upper end of axis of rotation (9), first belt pulley (6) are installed to the upper end of driving motor (5), first belt pulley (6) and second belt pulley (8) are connected through belt (7) transmission, just driving motor (5) set up to variable speed motor.

8. The pretreatment equipment for preparing the compound microbial fertilizer by using the aquaculture sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pretreatment equipment comprises: the surface of conical screen (11) is provided with screening hole (14), fixedly connected with stiffener (13) on the inner wall of conical screen (11), the lower extreme fixed connection of head rod (12) is on stiffener (13).

9. A pretreatment process for preparing a composite microbial fertilizer by using aquaculture sludge is characterized by comprising the following steps:

10. The pretreatment process for preparing the compound microbial fertilizer by using the aquaculture sludge as claimed in claim 9, wherein the pretreatment comprises the following steps: after the rotating speed of the driving motor is stabilized, the speed is kept at 400-600r/min before the speed is reduced, and the rotating speed after the speed is reduced is 80-120 r/min; and when the speed is reduced, the feeding speed of the sludge pump is reduced or the sludge pump is directly stopped.