CN111714924A - Grape seed procyanidin extraction device and preparation method of anti-fatigue additive - Google Patents
Grape seed procyanidin extraction device and preparation method of anti-fatigue additive Download PDFInfo
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- CN111714924A CN111714924A CN202010535398.4A CN202010535398A CN111714924A CN 111714924 A CN111714924 A CN 111714924A CN 202010535398 A CN202010535398 A CN 202010535398A CN 111714924 A CN111714924 A CN 111714924A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0261—Solvent extraction of solids comprising vibrating mechanisms, e.g. mechanical, acoustical
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0288—Applications, solvents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/08—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers
- B02C18/10—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers with drive arranged above container
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C7/00—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills
- B02C7/02—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills with coaxial discs
- B02C7/06—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills with coaxial discs with horizontal axis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
- C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D311/04—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring
- C07D311/58—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring other than with oxygen or sulphur atoms in position 2 or 4
- C07D311/60—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring other than with oxygen or sulphur atoms in position 2 or 4 with aryl radicals attached in position 2
- C07D311/62—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring other than with oxygen or sulphur atoms in position 2 or 4 with aryl radicals attached in position 2 with oxygen atoms directly attached in position 3, e.g. anthocyanidins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B61/00—Dyes of natural origin prepared from natural sources, e.g. vegetable sources
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Abstract
The invention discloses a grape seed procyanidin extraction device and a preparation method of an anti-fatigue additive, which belong to the field of chemistry and comprise an extraction main body and a crushing device arranged at a raw material inlet of the extraction main body, wherein the extraction main body comprises a rack, a cylindrical container arranged on the rack and a piston assembly which is arranged in the cylindrical container and can move along the axial direction of the cylindrical container, the crushing device is fixedly arranged on the cylindrical container, the bottom of the piston assembly is provided with a stirring piece, and the stirring piece is positioned in the cylindrical container. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method comprises the steps of extracting procyanidine from grape seeds by adopting a two-step method, crushing the grape seeds into powder, fully mixing the powder with a solvent, and quickly changing the environmental air pressure by utilizing a piston assembly to separate procyanidine components in the powder from a powder main body so as to achieve the purpose of separating the procyanidine components from other components.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of chemistry, and particularly relates to a grape seed procyanidin extraction device and a preparation method of an anti-fatigue additive.
Background
The grape is grape of genus VitaceaeThe leaf vine plant is one of the fruits generally cultivated in the world, belongs to the treasure of the fruits, is entitled as fruit queen, and has the yield which is about one fourth of the fruits in the world. The grape cultivation industry in China is developed along with the reform of the opening and the adjustment of the rural industrial structure, and particularly the cultivation area and the yield of grapes are always on the rising trend in nearly ten years. The grape cultivation area in China is 40.81 ten thousand hm in 20052The production rate reaches 579.4 ten thousand tons in the 4 th ranking in the world and the 5 th ranking in the world.
Procyanidins are a large class of flavonoid polyphenolic compounds that are ubiquitous in woody and herbaceous plants. In grapes, procyanidins are mainly present in the form of dimers, and in wine they are mainly present in the form of condensed tannins (proanthocyanidin polymers of three to five subunits). Proanthocyanidins differ in structure in some species, bark, stem, seed. In addition, the species and concentrations vary widely between species. Twenty procyanidin monomer trimers have been identified in grape seeds and skins. The procyanidins in the seeds include catechin, epicatechin, and epicatechin gallate units, while the grape skin and wine show that anthocyanins are mainly composed of epicatechin and epigallocatechin units.
The procyanidin is extracted from grape seeds by a solvent extraction method, the existing solvent extraction method has the defects of high solvent consumption, long extraction time, low extraction rate and general extraction rate of about 7 percent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a grape seed procyanidin extraction device, aiming at the problems of low extraction efficiency, large solvent consumption, long extraction time and low extraction rate of grape seed procyanidin in the prior art, comprising an extraction main body and a crushing device arranged at a raw material inlet of the extraction main body, wherein the extraction main body comprises a rack, a cylindrical container arranged on the rack, and a piston assembly which is arranged in the cylindrical container and can move along the axial direction of the cylindrical container, the crushing device is fixedly arranged on the cylindrical container, the bottom of the piston assembly is provided with a stirring piece, and the stirring piece is positioned in the cylindrical container.
The method comprises the steps of extracting procyanidine from grape seeds by adopting a two-step method, crushing the grape seeds into powder, fully mixing the powder with a solvent, and quickly changing the environmental air pressure by utilizing a piston assembly to separate procyanidine components in the powder from a powder main body so as to achieve the purpose of separating the procyanidine components from other components.
Further, the crushing device comprises a crushing machine base, a crushing mechanism and a grinding mechanism, the crushing machine base is arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical container, the grinding mechanism is arranged on the crushing machine base, the crushing mechanism is arranged above the grinding mechanism, an outlet of the crushing mechanism is communicated with an inlet of the grinding mechanism, and an outlet of the grinding mechanism is connected with an inlet of the extraction main body.
Adopt second grade crushing structure, the one-level is smashed and is smashed the grape seed into the comparatively unified tiny particle form of specification, can effectively share the working strength who grinds the mechanism, has improved the work efficiency of device, and the tiny particle specification that grinds the mechanism processing moreover is comparatively unified for the powder particle size homogeneity that obtains after its processing is very ideal.
Further, the grinding mechanism comprises a first grinding shell, a second grinding shell, a grinding motor, a fixed grinding disc and a movable grinding disc, an inlet communicated with an outlet of the grinding mechanism is arranged above the first grinding shell, the grinding motor is fixedly installed on the grinding base, and the center of the movable grinding disc is fixedly installed on a rotating shaft of the grinding motor; the first grinding shell and the second grinding shell are sleeved on the grinding motor rotating shaft, the movable grinding disc is positioned in the second grinding shell, and a particle conveying channel is formed between the inner wall of the first grinding shell and the outer wall of the grinding motor rotating shaft; decide the mill fixed mounting second grind the casing and be close to on the inner wall of first grinding casing one side, just move the mill with it is relative to decide the mill, second grind the casing below be equipped with draw the export that the main part entry is linked together.
The surface of a fixed grinding disc in the grinding mechanism is composed of two groups of intersected convex lines, each group of convex lines is composed of a plurality of parallel convex lines with equal distance, and the included angle of the two groups of convex lines in the length direction is 30 degrees.
The surface of one side of the movable grinding disc, which is close to the fixed grinding disc, is a rough plane.
Further, grind the motor rotation axis and be located first grinding shell is inside one section to be the round platform form, first grinding shell inner wall with grind motor rotation axis outer wall and form to the loudspeaker form passageway that the second ground the shell direction and expand outward.
Through the design of trumpet-shaped channel, the small particles obtained by the crushing mechanism can uniformly and orderly enter the grinding area.
Further, the second grinds the casing and is close to first grinding casing one side is equipped with the circular through-hole that is used for supplying the crushed grain to pass through, circular through-hole border is located loudspeaker form passageway export outer edge, just circular through-hole border is formed with the annular arch of extending to the hole center.
The design of annular bulge for the little particulate matter that comes out from tubaeform passageway gets into the grinding zone and plays the cushioning effect, can prevent effectively that the little particulate matter in the tubaeform passageway from pricking the heap at the grinding zone entry, has mentioned the even effect of grinding.
Further, rubbing crusher constructs including rubbing crusher frame, crushing motor, crushing inner chamber and crushing cutter, rubbing crusher frame fixed mounting be in on the rubbing crusher frame, crushing motor fixed mounting be in the rubbing crusher frame, crushing inner chamber is located position under the rubbing crusher frame, it is three crushing cutter is crisscross to be installed on the crushing motor rotation axis and be located smash the inner chamber.
Further, every smash the cutter and be the bar, its length direction with smash the contained angle of motor rotation axis direction and be 40 ~ 50.
Furthermore, the section of each crushing cutter is in a cross shape, and the length of each crushing cutter is 2-3 times of the width of each crushing cutter.
Furthermore, the crushing inner cavity is funnel-shaped, and an opening at the bottom of the crushing inner cavity is communicated with the upper part of the first grinding shell.
Further, the frame comprises a base and a housing, and the piston assembly is mounted at the top position of the housing through a cylinder assembly.
Further, the piston assembly comprises a piston shell and a stirring assembly, the top of the piston shell is mounted on the top of the shell through the cylinder assembly, the outer wall of the piston shell is tightly attached to the inner wall of the cylindrical container, and the stirring assembly is mounted on the piston shell.
Through the up-and-down motion of piston assembly, the change of control cylinder container volume realizes the sudden rising and the sudden reduction of pressure in the cylinder container, and the proanthocyanidin in the grape seed powder and the ethanol contact number of times greatly increased at the in-process that pressure sudden rising and sudden reduction, whole area of contact greatly increased, and proanthocyanidin is changeed under the effect of atmospheric pressure and is separated with other components moreover, reaches the purpose of extraction.
Furthermore, the stirring assembly comprises a stirring piece and a transmission assembly used for driving the stirring piece to do rotating motion and up-and-down motion, the transmission assembly is installed on the upper surface of the bottom of the piston shell, and the stirring piece is located on the lower surface of the center of the bottom of the piston shell.
Further, the transmission assembly comprises a transmission shell, a rotating assembly used for controlling the stirring piece to rotate and a screw rod transmission assembly used for controlling the stirring piece to move up and down; the transmission shell is a hollow cylinder, and the axis of the transmission shell is parallel to the piston shell; the screw rod transmission assembly is installed on the upper surface of the bottom of the piston shell, the rotating assembly is installed on the screw rod transmission assembly, and the stirring piece is installed at the output end of the rotating assembly.
Further, the rotating assembly comprises a second motor, a harmonic speed reducer and a stirring shaft, the second motor is installed on the harmonic speed reducer, the harmonic speed reducer is installed on the screw rod transmission assembly, the stirring shaft is installed on the harmonic speed reducer, and the stirring piece is fixedly installed on the stirring shaft.
Further, the screw rod transmission assembly comprises a third motor, a screw rod, a slide rail arranged on the inner wall of the transmission shell, and a slide rail-matched sliding disc, the third motor is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom of the piston shell, the screw rod is fixedly arranged on a rotation shaft of the third motor, a screw rod hole matched with the screw rod is arranged on the sliding disc, the inner wall of the screw rod hole is provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread of the screw rod, and the harmonic reducer is fixedly arranged on the sliding disc.
Further, the outer edge of the sliding disc is provided with a sliding block matched with the sliding rail, and the length direction of the sliding rail is parallel to the axial direction of the transmission shell.
Furthermore, a plurality of first through holes are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the cylindrical container, and a layer of filter cloth is attached to the first through holes.
Furthermore, a liquid storage disc is arranged below the cylindrical container on the rack, and a liquid discharge port for discharging collected liquid is formed in the side face of the liquid storage disc.
Further, a raw material container and a first raw material inlet are further arranged inside the piston shell, the raw material container is located at the outer side position of the transmission shell, and the first raw material inlet is located at the bottom of the piston shell.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the anti-fatigue additive, which adopts the extraction device as claimed in claim 19, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: slowly putting 2kg of grape seeds into the inlet of the crushing device, crushing the grape seeds into small fragments by using the crushing mechanism, and grinding the grape seeds into grape seed powder with the mesh number of 30-50 meshes by using the grinding mechanism, wherein the rotating speed of the crushing mechanism is controlled at 150-200 revolutions per minute, and the rotating speed of the grinding mechanism is 60-90 revolutions per minute;
step two: after grape seed powder enters the cylindrical container, closing an extraction main body raw material inlet, adding 20L of 70% ethanol from a first raw material inlet, controlling the rotating speed of a stirring piece to be 50-100 revolutions per minute, stirring for 10min, and controlling the temperature of the cylindrical container to be 60-65 ℃;
step three: controlling a screw rod transmission assembly piston assembly to lift up a stirring piece, controlling rapid up-and-down motion to compress and lift up the stirring piece, driving the piston assembly to move downwards, compressing the cylindrical container space to 0.5-0.25, and driving the piston assembly to rapidly move upwards to an initial position; repeating the above steps for 3-5 times, driving the piston assembly to move downwards, and extruding the extracting solution from the container;
step four: collecting an extracting solution from a liquid outlet, and putting the extracting solution into a stirring kettle filled with 0.14kg of sodium selenite powder and 50kg of distilled water for carrying out a complex reaction, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 50-60 ℃, the stirring speed of the stirring kettle is 100-150 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 20-30 min;
step five: and putting the obtained mixed solution into a precipitation filtering device, and precipitating and filtering to obtain the required anti-fatigue additive.
By adopting the equipment, the usage amount of ethanol serving as an extraction solvent can be reduced, under normal conditions, 40L of ethanol with the concentration of 70% is required for extracting 2kg of grape seeds, and the extraction device obtained by the piston structure design only needs 20L of ethanol with the same concentration, so that the waste of raw materials is reduced, and the extraction rate of procyanidine is improved.
Furthermore, the open-close hole assembly comprises an open-close hole disc and a first motor, the first motor is fixedly installed at the center of the bottom of the liquid storage disc, the first motor rotating shaft is fixedly installed with the open-close hole disc through the center of the bottom of the liquid storage disc, and second through holes matched with the first through holes are uniformly distributed in the open-close hole disc. The opening and closing hole assembly is arranged and closed when the piston assembly moves up and down, so that a sealing effect is achieved, and sudden rising and reduction of air pressure in the cylindrical container are achieved; when the piston assembly does not move up and down, the opening and closing hole assembly is opened, and the extracting solution is discharged through the liquid storage disc.
Furthermore, the outer edge of the opening and closing hole disc is provided with a sealing side edge, and the sealing side edge is tightly attached to the outer side surface of the cylindrical container. The sealing side edge is arranged on the outer edge of the opening and closing hole disc, so that the sealing performance of the opening and closing hole disc can be improved, and the extracting solution storage intermediate station with a certain liquid storage capacity function can be formed by matching with the opening and closing hole disc.
Further, a liquid baffle plate used for preventing liquid from entering the first motor rotating shaft through hole is arranged on the upper surface of the liquid storage disc at the position of the first motor rotating shaft through hole.
Further, the liquid storage disc is arranged at the bottom of the shell.
Has the advantages that:
the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the method comprises the steps of extracting procyanidine from grape seeds by adopting a two-step method, crushing the grape seeds into powder, fully mixing the powder with a solvent, and quickly changing the environmental air pressure by utilizing a piston assembly to separate procyanidine components in the powder from a powder main body so as to achieve the purpose of separating the procyanidine components from other components.
(2) The opening and closing hole assembly is arranged and closed when the piston assembly moves up and down, so that a sealing effect is achieved, and sudden rising and reduction of air pressure in the cylindrical container are achieved; when the piston assembly does not move up and down, the opening and closing hole assembly is opened, and the extracting solution is discharged through the liquid storage disc.
(3) The sealing side edge is arranged on the outer edge of the opening and closing hole disc, so that the sealing performance of the opening and closing hole disc can be improved, and the extracting solution storage intermediate station with a certain liquid storage capacity function can be formed by matching with the opening and closing hole disc.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a preferred apparatus for extracting grape seed procyanidin of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a preferred polishing mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a surface texture diagram of a preferred fixed grinding disc of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a preferred chip conveying channel according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a preferred crushing cutter of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a partial schematic view of a preferred piston assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a preferred transmission assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a bottom structure view of the preferred cylindrical container of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The embodiment enables the contact frequency of the procyanidin in the grape seed powder and the ethanol to be greatly increased and the whole contact area to be greatly increased through rapid reduction and increase of the air pressure in the container, and the procyanidin is more easily separated from other components under the action of the air pressure, so that the purpose of extraction is achieved. The method comprises the following specific steps:
as shown in fig. 1, the grape seed procyanidin extraction device comprises an extraction main body 10 and a crushing device 20 arranged at a raw material inlet of the extraction main body 10, wherein the extraction main body 10 comprises a frame 1, a cylindrical container 2 arranged on the frame 1, and a piston assembly 3 arranged inside the cylindrical container 2 and capable of moving along the axis direction of the cylindrical container 2, the crushing device 20 is fixedly arranged on the cylindrical container 2, a stirring member 321 is arranged at the bottom of the piston assembly 3, and the stirring member 321 is positioned inside the cylindrical container 2. The method comprises the steps of extracting procyanidine from grape seeds by adopting a two-step method, crushing the grape seeds into powder, fully mixing the powder with a solvent, and quickly changing the environmental air pressure by utilizing a piston assembly to separate procyanidine components in the powder from a powder main body so as to achieve the purpose of separating the procyanidine components from other components.
Referring to fig. 2, the crushing device 20 comprises a crushing base 201, a crushing mechanism 202 and a grinding mechanism 203, wherein the crushing base 201 is arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical container 2, the grinding mechanism 203 is arranged on the crushing base 201, the crushing mechanism 202 is arranged above the grinding mechanism 203, the outlet of the crushing mechanism 202 is communicated with the inlet of the grinding mechanism 203, and the outlet of the grinding mechanism 203 is connected with the inlet of the extraction main body 10. Adopt second grade crushing structure, the one-level is smashed and is smashed the grape seed into the comparatively unified tiny particle form of specification, can effectively share the working strength who grinds the mechanism, has improved the work efficiency of device, and the tiny particle specification that grinds the mechanism processing moreover is comparatively unified for the powder particle size homogeneity that obtains after its processing is very ideal.
Referring to fig. 3, the grinding mechanism 203 comprises a first grinding shell 204, a second grinding shell 205, a grinding motor 206, a fixed grinding disc 207 and a movable grinding disc 208, an inlet communicated with an outlet of the pulverizing mechanism 202 is arranged above the first grinding shell 204, the grinding motor 206 is fixedly mounted on the pulverizing base 201, and the center of the movable grinding disc 208 is fixedly mounted on a rotating shaft of the grinding motor 206; the first grinding shell 204 and the second grinding shell 205 are sleeved on the rotating shaft of the grinding motor 206, the movable grinding disc 208 is positioned inside the second grinding shell 205, and a particle conveying channel 209 is formed by the inner wall of the first grinding shell 204 and the outer wall of the rotating shaft of the grinding motor 206; the fixed grinding disc 208 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of one side of the second grinding shell 205 close to the first grinding shell 204, the movable grinding disc 208 is opposite to the fixed grinding disc 207, and an outlet communicated with the inlet of the extraction main body 1 is arranged below the second grinding shell 205.
Referring to fig. 4, the surface of the fixed grinding disc 207 in the grinding mechanism 203 is composed of two intersecting convex lines 210, each convex line is composed of a plurality of parallel convex lines with equal distance, and the included angle between the length directions of the two convex lines is 30 °.
The surface of one side of the movable grinding disc 208 close to the fixed grinding disc 207 is a rough plane.
The rotating shaft of the grinding motor 206 is located in the first grinding shell 204, and is in a truncated cone shape at one section, and the inner wall of the first grinding shell 204 and the outer wall of the rotating shaft of the grinding motor 206 form a horn-shaped channel expanding outwards towards the second grinding shell 205. Through the design of trumpet-shaped channel, the small particles obtained by the crushing mechanism can uniformly and orderly enter the grinding area.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, a circular through hole 211 for allowing particles to pass through is formed in one side of the second grinding shell 205, which is close to the first grinding shell 204, the edge of the circular through hole 211 is located at the outer edge of the outlet of the trumpet-shaped channel, and an annular protrusion 212 extending towards the hole center is formed in the edge of the circular through hole. The design of annular bulge for the little particulate matter that comes out from tubaeform passageway gets into the grinding zone and plays the cushioning effect, can prevent effectively that the little particulate matter in the tubaeform passageway from pricking the heap at the grinding zone entry, has mentioned the even effect of grinding.
Referring to fig. 6, each of the crushing cutters 216 is in the shape of a bar, and an included angle between the length direction of the bar and the axial direction of the rotating shaft of the crushing motor is 40-50 °. Each crushing cutter 216 is cross-shaped in section, and the length of each crushing cutter is 2-3 times of the width of each crushing cutter.
The crushing chamber 215 is funnel-shaped, and the bottom opening thereof is communicated with the upper part of the first grinding shell.
In a practical design, the frame 1 comprises a base 11 and a housing 12, and the piston assembly 3 is mounted in a position on top of the housing 12 by means of a cylinder assembly 7, see fig. 1.
In a preferred embodiment, the piston assembly 3 comprises a piston housing 31 and a stirring assembly 32, the top of the piston housing 31 is mounted on the top of the outer shell 12 through the cylinder assembly 7, and the outer wall of the piston housing abuts against the inner wall of the cylindrical container 2.
Referring to fig. 1 and 7, the stirring assembly 32 includes a stirring member 321, and a transmission assembly 322 for driving the stirring member 321 to rotate and move up and down, wherein the transmission assembly 322 is installed on the upper surface of the bottom of the piston housing 31, and the stirring member 321 is located on the lower surface of the bottom center of the piston housing 31.
Referring to fig. 7, the transmission assembly 322 includes a transmission housing 323, a rotation assembly 324 for controlling the rotation of the stirring member 321, and a screw transmission assembly 325 for controlling the up-and-down movement of the stirring member 321; the transmission housing 323 is a hollow cylinder, and the axis thereof is parallel to the piston housing 31; the screw rod transmission assembly 325 is installed on the upper surface of the bottom of the piston shell 31, the rotating assembly 324 is installed on the screw rod transmission assembly 325, and the stirring piece 321 is installed at the output end of the rotating assembly 324.
Referring to fig. 8, the rotating assembly 324 includes a second motor 326, a harmonic speed reducer 327, and a stirring shaft 328, the second motor 326 is mounted on the harmonic speed reducer 327, the harmonic speed reducer 327 is mounted on the screw transmission assembly 325, the stirring shaft 328 is mounted on the harmonic speed reducer 327, and the stirring member 321 is fixedly mounted on the stirring shaft 328.
The screw rod transmission assembly 325 comprises a third motor 329, a screw rod 330, a slide rail 331 arranged on the inner wall of the transmission shell 323, and a slide disc 332 used for matching with the slide rail 331, wherein the third motor 329 is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom of the piston shell 31, the screw rod 330 is fixedly arranged on a rotating shaft of the third motor 329, a screw rod hole (not shown in the figure) matched with the screw rod 330 is arranged on the slide disc 332, the inner wall of the screw rod hole is provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread of the screw rod 330, and the harmonic reducer 327 is fixedly arranged on the slide disc 332.
The outer edge of the sliding disk 332 is provided with a sliding block 333 which is matched with the sliding rail 331, and the length direction of the sliding rail 331 is parallel to the axial direction of the transmission shell 323.
In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of first through holes 21 are uniformly distributed on the bottom of the cylindrical container 2, and a layer of filter cloth 22 is attached to the first through holes 21, see fig. 9.
A liquid storage disc 6 is arranged on the frame 1 below the cylindrical container 2, and a liquid discharge port 61 for discharging collected liquid is arranged on the side surface of the liquid storage disc 6.
The piston housing 31 is further provided with a material container 311 and a first material inlet 312, wherein the material container 311 is located at an outer side position of the transmission housing 323, and the first material inlet 312 is located at the bottom of the piston housing 31.
The side wall of the cylindrical container 2 is provided with a second raw material inlet 23.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the anti-fatigue additive, which adopts the extraction device as claimed in claim 19, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: slowly putting 2kg of grape seeds into the inlet of the crushing device, crushing the grape seeds into small fragments by using the crushing mechanism, and grinding the grape seeds into grape seed powder with the mesh number of 30-50 meshes by using the grinding mechanism, wherein the rotating speed of the crushing mechanism is controlled at 150-200 revolutions per minute, and the rotating speed of the grinding mechanism is 60-90 revolutions per minute;
step two: after grape seed powder enters the cylindrical container, closing an extraction main body raw material inlet, adding 20L of 70% ethanol from a first raw material inlet, controlling the rotating speed of a stirring piece to be 50-100 revolutions per minute, stirring for 10min, and controlling the temperature of the cylindrical container to be 60-65 ℃;
step three: controlling a screw rod transmission assembly piston assembly to lift up a stirring piece, controlling rapid up-and-down motion to compress and lift up the stirring piece, driving the piston assembly to move downwards, compressing the cylindrical container space to 0.5-0.25, and driving the piston assembly to rapidly move upwards to an initial position; repeating the above steps for 3-5 times, driving the piston assembly to move downwards, and extruding the extracting solution from the container;
step four: collecting an extracting solution from a liquid outlet, and putting the extracting solution into a stirring kettle filled with 0.14kg of sodium selenite powder and 50kg of distilled water for carrying out a complex reaction, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 50-60 ℃, the stirring speed of the stirring kettle is 100-150 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 20-30 min;
step five: and putting the obtained mixed solution into a precipitation filtering device, and precipitating and filtering to obtain the required anti-fatigue additive.
Referring to fig. 9, the open-close hole assembly 5 includes an open-close hole disc 51 and a first motor 52, the first motor 52 is fixedly installed at the center of the bottom of the liquid storage disc 6, the open-close hole disc 51 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft of the first motor 52 through the center of the bottom of the liquid storage disc 6, and second through holes 53 matched with the first through holes 21 are uniformly distributed on the open-close hole disc 51. The opening and closing hole assembly is arranged and closed when the piston assembly moves up and down, so that a sealing effect is achieved, and sudden rising and reduction of air pressure in the cylindrical container are achieved; when the piston assembly does not move up and down, the opening and closing hole assembly is opened, and the extracting solution is discharged through the liquid storage disc.
In a more preferred embodiment, the outer edge of the opening and closing hole disc 51 is provided with a sealing side edge 54, and the sealing side edge 54 is tightly attached to the outer side surface of the cylindrical container 2. The sealing side edge is arranged on the outer edge of the opening and closing hole disc, so that the sealing performance of the opening and closing hole disc can be improved, and the extracting solution storage intermediate station with a certain liquid storage capacity function can be formed by matching with the opening and closing hole disc.
The position of the through hole of the rotating shaft of the first motor 52 on the upper surface of the liquid storage disc 6 is provided with a liquid baffle 62 for preventing liquid from entering the through hole of the rotating shaft of the first motor 52. The liquid storage disk 6 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 12.
Tests show that the extraction rate of the procyanidine can reach more than 8.5% by adopting the method to obtain the extracting solution.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a grape seed procyanidin extraction element, its characterized in that is including drawing the main part and setting up the reducing mechanism who draws main part raw materials entrance, it includes the frame, sets up cylinder container in the frame sets up inside and can following the piston assembly of cylinder container axis direction motion, reducing mechanism fixed mounting be in on the cylinder container, the stirring piece is installed to piston assembly bottom, the stirring piece is located inside the cylinder container.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pulverizer comprises a pulverizer base, a pulverizer mechanism, and a grinder mechanism, the pulverizer base is disposed on the sidewall of the cylindrical container, the grinder mechanism is mounted on the pulverizer base, the pulverizer mechanism is mounted above the grinder mechanism, the pulverizer outlet is in communication with the grinder inlet, and the grinder outlet is in communication with the extraction inlet.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the grinding mechanism comprises a first grinding housing, a second grinding housing, a grinding motor, a stationary grinding disc and a movable grinding disc, an inlet is disposed above the first grinding housing and is communicated with the outlet of the grinding mechanism, the grinding motor is fixedly mounted on the grinder base, and the center of the movable grinding disc is fixedly mounted on the rotation shaft of the grinding motor; the first grinding shell and the second grinding shell are sleeved on the grinding motor rotating shaft, the movable grinding disc is positioned in the second grinding shell, and a particle conveying channel is formed between the inner wall of the first grinding shell and the outer wall of the grinding motor rotating shaft; the fixed grinding disc is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of one side, close to the first grinding shell, of the second grinding shell, the movable grinding disc is opposite to the fixed grinding disc, and an outlet communicated with the inlet of the extraction main body is arranged below the second grinding shell; the grinding motor rotating shaft is located one section of the first grinding shell is in a round table shape, and the inner wall of the first grinding shell and the outer wall of the grinding motor rotating shaft form a horn-shaped channel extending outwards in the direction of the second grinding shell.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein a circular through hole is formed in one side of the second grinding housing, which is close to the first grinding housing, for allowing the particles to pass through, the edge of the circular through hole is located at the outer edge of the outlet of the trumpet-shaped channel, and an annular protrusion extending towards the hole center is formed on the edge of the circular through hole.
5. The apparatus for extracting procyanidin from grape seeds as claimed in claim 4, wherein the pulverizing mechanism comprises a pulverizer frame, a pulverizing motor, a pulverizing inner cavity and a pulverizing cutter, the crushing frame is fixedly arranged on the crushing machine base, the crushing motor is fixedly arranged on the crushing frame, the crushing inner cavity is positioned under the crushing frame, the three crushing cutters are arranged on the rotating shaft of the crushing motor in a staggered manner and positioned in the crushing inner cavity, preferably, each crushing cutter is in a strip shape, the included angle between the length direction of the crushing cutter and the axial direction of the rotating shaft of the crushing motor is 40-50 degrees, preferably, the section of each crushing cutter is in a cross shape, the length of the grinding cavity is 2-3 times of the width of the grinding cavity, preferably, the grinding cavity is funnel-shaped, and the bottom opening of the grinding cavity is communicated with the upper part of the first grinding shell.
6. The apparatus for extracting procyanidin from grape seeds as claimed in claim 5, wherein the frame comprises a base and a housing, the piston assembly is mounted at a top position of the housing by a cylinder assembly; preferably, the piston assembly comprises a piston shell and a stirring assembly, the top of the piston shell is mounted on the top of the shell through the cylinder assembly, the outer wall of the piston shell is tightly attached to the inner wall of the cylindrical container, and the stirring assembly is mounted on the piston shell.
7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein the stirring assembly includes a stirring member, and a driving assembly for driving the stirring member to rotate and move up and down, the driving assembly is mounted on the upper surface of the bottom of the piston housing, and the stirring member is located on the lower surface of the bottom center of the piston housing.
8. The apparatus for extracting procyanidin from grape seed as claimed in claim 7, wherein the transmission assembly comprises a transmission housing, a rotating assembly for controlling the rotation of the stirring member, and a screw transmission assembly for controlling the up-and-down movement of the stirring member; the transmission shell is a hollow cylinder, and the axis of the transmission shell is parallel to the piston shell; the screw rod transmission assembly is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom of the piston shell, the rotating assembly is arranged on the screw rod transmission assembly, and the stirring piece is arranged at the output end of the rotating assembly; preferably, the rotating assembly comprises a second motor, a harmonic speed reducer and a stirring shaft, the second motor is installed on the harmonic speed reducer, the harmonic speed reducer is installed on the screw rod transmission assembly, the stirring shaft is installed on the harmonic speed reducer, and the stirring piece is fixedly installed on the stirring shaft.
9. The apparatus for extracting procyanidine from grape seed as claimed in claim 8, wherein the lead screw transmission assembly comprises a third motor, a lead screw, a slide rail mounted on the inner wall of the transmission housing, and a slide plate for matching with the slide rail, the third motor is mounted on the upper surface of the bottom of the piston housing, the lead screw is fixedly mounted on the rotation shaft of the third motor, a lead screw hole matched with the lead screw is mounted on the slide plate, an internal thread matched with the external thread of the lead screw is arranged on the inner wall of the lead screw hole, the harmonic reducer is fixedly mounted on the slide plate, preferably, a slide block matched with the slide rail is arranged on the outer edge of the slide plate, the length direction of the slide rail is parallel to the axial direction of the transmission housing, preferably, a plurality of first through holes are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the cylindrical container, and a layer of filter cloth is attached to the first through holes, preferably, a liquid storage disc is arranged below the cylindrical container on the rack, a liquid discharge port for discharging collected liquid is formed in the side face of the liquid storage disc, preferably, a raw material container and a first raw material inlet are further arranged inside the piston shell, the raw material container is located at the outer side of the transmission shell, and the first raw material inlet is located at the bottom of the piston shell.
10. A method for preparing an anti-fatigue additive, wherein the extraction device of claim 9 is used, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: slowly putting 2kg of grape seeds into the inlet of the crushing device, crushing the grape seeds into small fragments by using the crushing mechanism, and grinding the grape seeds into grape seed powder with the mesh number of 30-50 meshes by using the grinding mechanism, wherein the rotating speed of the crushing mechanism is controlled at 150-200 revolutions per minute, and the rotating speed of the grinding mechanism is 60-90 revolutions per minute;
step two: after grape seed powder enters the cylindrical container, closing an extraction main body raw material inlet, adding 20L of 70% ethanol from a first raw material inlet, controlling the rotating speed of a stirring piece to be 50-100 revolutions per minute, stirring for 10min, and controlling the temperature of the cylindrical container to be 60-65 ℃;
step three: controlling a screw rod transmission assembly piston assembly to lift up a stirring piece, controlling rapid up-and-down motion to compress and lift up the stirring piece, driving the piston assembly to move downwards, compressing the cylindrical container space to 0.5-0.25, and driving the piston assembly to rapidly move upwards to an initial position; repeating the above steps for 3-5 times, driving the piston assembly to move downwards, and extruding the extracting solution from the container;
step four: collecting an extracting solution from a liquid outlet, and putting the extracting solution into a stirring kettle filled with 0.14kg of sodium selenite powder and 50kg of distilled water for carrying out a complex reaction, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 50-60 ℃, the stirring speed of the stirring kettle is 100-150 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 20-30 min;
step five: and putting the obtained mixed solution into a precipitation filtering device, and precipitating and filtering to obtain the required anti-fatigue additive.
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| CN202010535398.4A CN111714924B (en) | 2020-06-12 | 2020-06-12 | Grape seed procyanidin extraction device and preparation method of anti-fatigue additive |
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