CN111711057B - Synchronous spectrum-overlapped multi-wavelength pulse laser - Google Patents
Synchronous spectrum-overlapped multi-wavelength pulse laser Download PDFInfo
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- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
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- H01S3/08086—Multiple-wavelength emission
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
- H01S3/081—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof comprising three or more reflectors
- H01S3/0813—Configuration of resonator
Abstract
The invention provides a synchronous spectrum-overlappable multi-wavelength pulse laser, which is characterized in that fixed wavelengths of all light waves are distinguished, so that different laser wavelength conversion and output modules correspond to the light waves with respective preset wavelengths, and a light wave extraction component limits the light waves after power amplification and spectrum broadening, so that finally output spectrums can be mutually overlapped but cannot be influenced; each laser wavelength conversion, gain and output module is relatively independent, a plurality of laser light waves with different wavelengths respectively occupy different modules, and a plurality of wavelengths do not share the same gain medium like a traditional laser, so that mutual competition and crosstalk of laser with each wavelength of the traditional multi-wavelength laser are avoided; in addition, the multi-wavelength pulse laser also has the advantages that the optical pulse can be circularly transmitted in a unidirectional mode in the resonant cavity and can also be circularly transmitted in a bidirectional mode through the reflecting component, so that multi-wavelength optical wave pulses output by the same laser have the same repetition rate, and therefore synchronous output is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lasers, in particular to a multi-wavelength pulse laser with overlapped synchronous spectrums.
Background
Synchronous multi-wavelength coherent ultrashort pulse laser has wide application in ultrafast scientific fields such as time-resolved pump detection spectrum, nonlinear microscopy, optical parametric amplification, coherent pulse synthesis and other technologies, and the application needs specific interval light wave interaction and requires accurate synchronization between output waves.
Because the existing multi-wavelength pulse laser can generate competition among multiple wavelengths, the output of the multiple wavelengths needs to be solved by various technologies such as cooling the erbium-doped optical fiber by liquid nitrogen, introducing a polarization hole burning effect, introducing a frequency shifter or a phase modulator into an annular cavity, introducing an erbium-doped optical fiber or a special cavity structure with a special structure, introducing loss depending on the wavelength, introducing loss depending on light intensity by utilizing a nonlinear effect and the like; secondly, the problem of difficult synchronous output is solved by various technologies of PID control, such as active synchronization, master-slave cavity injection locking, frequency locking, temperature stabilization and the like; the output of multi-wavelength depends on the same comb filter, which is composed of a plurality of pass bands arranged according to certain frequency intervals, the multi-wavelength spectrums can not be overlapped, the output wavelength intervals are limited, if the multi-wavelength which is synchronous and has no influence on each other is to be obtained simultaneously, a multi-wavelength laser is required to be matched with a complex synchronous device. (e.g., FIG. 9 is a schematic representation of spectra of overlapping spectra of a multi-wavelength laser, and FIG. 10 is a schematic representation of spectra of non-overlapping spectra of a multi-wavelength laser)
If a plurality of filters of the conventional multi-wavelength laser are overlapped to cause that a flat wide band-pass cannot form multi-wavelength laser, as shown in fig. 11, comb-shaped filters formed by three pass bands with central wavelengths of λ 1, λ 2 and λ 3 are overlapped to form a filter with a central wavelength of λ 2 and a broadband pass band, and a three-wavelength light wave passes through the filter under the condition and then outputs a single-wavelength light wave with the central wavelength of λ 2.
When the laser works, the excitation source provides energy to enable the gain medium to achieve population inversion, so that optical radiation and gain can be provided for light within a gain bandwidth range, laser with specific wavelength is generated under the feedback of the resonant cavity, the traditional multi-wavelength laser shares one gain medium, high-energy-level population can be consumed to compete for gain, and mutual influence among multiple wavelengths can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a synchronous spectrum overlapped multi-wavelength pulse laser, which is used for solving the technical problem of synchronously outputting light waves with multiple wavelengths in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A synchronous spectrum-overlappable multi-wavelength pulse laser comprises a resonant cavity for processing optical pulses, wherein a plurality of laser wavelength conversion and output modules arranged along the propagation direction of the optical pulses are arranged in the resonant cavity, and each laser wavelength conversion and output module comprises an optical wave gain component, an optical wave extraction component and a light splitting component which are sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of the optical pulses;
the optical wave gain component is used for amplifying the power of the optical wave of the optical pulse and also used for performing spectrum broadening on the optical wave of the optical pulse to obtain the spectrum broadened optical wave;
the light wave extracting component is used for extracting light waves which accord with the preset wavelength of the light wave extracting component from the light waves with the broadened spectrum of the light wave gain component corresponding to a certain light wave extracting component and sending the extracted light waves to the light splitting component;
the light splitting component is used for outputting light waves conforming to preset wavelengths;
the plurality of laser wavelength conversion and output modules are arranged in a mode of gradually increasing and then gradually decreasing according to the wavelength arrangement of the output light waves, so that the spectra of the light waves output by the plurality of laser wavelength conversion and output modules are partially overlapped;
the wavelength of the output light wave of each laser wavelength conversion and output module exclusively occupies the light wave gain component of the laser wavelength conversion and output module.
Preferably, the plurality of laser wavelength conversion and output modules are arranged in such a manner that the wavelength arrangement of the output light waves is gradually increased and then gradually decreased,
2n laser wavelength conversion and output modules are sequentially arranged in the resonant cavity along the optical pulse propagation direction, and the preset wavelengths of the light wave extraction components of the 2n laser wavelength conversion and output modules are sequentially as follows: λ, λ +2 Δ λ, λ +4 Δ λ, λ +6 Δ λ … λ + (2n-2) Δ λ, λ + (2n-1) Δ λ … λ +3 Δ λ, and λ +1 Δ λ.
Preferably, the optical wave gain section comprises a gain medium for amplifying the power of the optical wave of the optical pulse and a spectral broadening section for spectrally broadening the optical wave of the optical pulse to obtain a spectrally broadened optical wave.
Preferably, the gain medium further spectrally broadens the optical wave of the optical pulse, the spectrally broadening component and the gain medium using the same dispersion sign, i.e. both normal dispersion and anomalous dispersion.
Preferably, the cavity has a ring structure, and the laser wavelength conversion and output modules are arranged in sequence along the cavity extension direction.
Preferably, the plurality of laser wavelength conversion and output modules include a first laser conversion and output module, a second laser conversion and output module, a third laser conversion and output module, a fourth laser conversion and output module, a fifth laser conversion and output module, and a sixth laser conversion and output module, which are sequentially arranged along the extension direction of the resonator; the light splitting part of the sixth laser converting and outputting module corresponds to the light wave gain part of the first laser converting and outputting module, and the light pulses are made to circularly and sequentially pass through the plurality of laser wavelength converting and outputting modules.
Preferably, a plurality of reflecting components are further arranged in the resonant cavity, each reflecting component comprises a reflecting mirror and an optical circulator, the optical circulators are respectively positioned between the optical wave gain component and the optical wave extraction component of each laser wavelength conversion and output module, and the reflecting mirrors are respectively connected with the output ends of the light splitting components of each laser wavelength conversion and output module; the reflecting component enables the light pulse to circularly propagate in a certain laser conversion and output module.
Preferably, any one or more of the following features are also included: the optical wave gain component comprises an optical fiber amplifier and/or a single-mode optical fiber; the light wave extraction component is a band-pass filter; the light splitting component is an optical coupler or a spectroscope.
Preferably, when the optical wave gain means comprises a fiber amplifier and/or a single mode fiber and the optical wave extraction means is a band pass filter, the center of the pass band of the band pass filter is located in the flat region of the nonlinear broadened spectrum.
Preferably, the optical fiber amplifier and/or the single-mode fiber is in a cascade structure, and the length of a certain optical fiber amplifier and/or single-mode fiber is set according to the central wavelength interval between the band-pass filter of the laser wavelength conversion and output module and the band-pass filter of the laser wavelength conversion and output module adjacent to the laser wavelength conversion and output module; the multi-wavelength pulse laser further includes a dispersion compensator.
Preferably, the preset wavelengths of the band-pass filters of all the laser wavelength conversion and output modules are close to each other, and the pass bands are overlapped with each other to form a common pass band range of the band-pass filters of all the laser wavelength conversion and output modules; the multiwavelength pulse laser further has an auxiliary transmission module including a lightwave gain section and a lightwave extraction section arranged in this order in the direction of propagation of the optical pulses, the lightwave extraction section of the auxiliary transmission module having a preset wavelength deviating from a common passband range of the bandpass filters of the all laser wavelength conversion and output modules.
Preferably, the optical fiber coupler also comprises a coupling optical path and a plurality of adjustable delay lines; the light splitting component of each laser conversion and output module is respectively connected with a coupling light path through an adjustable delay line, and the coupling light path is used for coupling and outputting the light waves transmitted by each laser conversion and output module.
It can be seen from the technical solutions provided by the above embodiments of the present invention that, in the multi-wavelength pulse laser with overlapped synchronous spectra provided by the present invention, the fixed wavelengths of each optical wave are set separately, so that different laser wavelength conversion and output modules correspond to the optical waves with respective predetermined wavelengths, and the optical wave extraction component limits the optical waves after power amplification and spectrum broadening, so that the finally output spectra may be overlapped but may not affect each other; each laser wavelength conversion, gain and output module is relatively independent, a plurality of laser light waves with different wavelengths respectively occupy different modules, and a plurality of wavelengths do not share the same gain medium like a traditional laser, so that mutual competition and crosstalk of laser with each wavelength of the traditional multi-wavelength laser are avoided; in addition, the multi-wavelength pulse laser also has the advantages that the optical pulse can be circularly transmitted in a unidirectional mode in the resonant cavity and can also be circularly transmitted in a bidirectional mode through the reflecting component, so that multi-wavelength optical wave pulses output by the same laser have the same repetition rate, and therefore synchronous output is achieved.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a synchronous spectrally-stackable multi-wavelength pulse laser according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of a simultaneous spectrally-stackable multi-wavelength pulsed laser according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a second embodiment of a simultaneous spectrally-stackable multi-wavelength pulsed laser according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an intracavity pulse evolution diagram of a modified mode of a second embodiment of a synchronous spectrally-stackable multi-wavelength pulsed laser provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the output of a six-wavelength spectrum of a modification of a second embodiment of a simultaneous spectrally-superimposable multi-wavelength pulsed laser according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a six-wavelength time-domain output diagram of a modification of the second embodiment of a simultaneous spectrally-superimposable multi-wavelength pulsed laser provided in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a third embodiment of a synchronous spectrally-stackable multi-wavelength pulsed laser according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the tunable delay line and the coupling optical path of a synchronous spectrally-stackable multi-wavelength pulsed laser according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic of a spectrally overlapped multi-wavelength laser spectrum;
FIG. 10 is a schematic of spectra of a multi-wavelength laser with non-overlapping spectra;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a conventional multi-wavelength laser in the prior art, if a plurality of filters are overlapped to form a flat wide-band laser, which cannot form a multi-wavelength laser;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a band-pass filter avoiding uneven spectra in a preferred embodiment of a simultaneous spectrally-stackable multi-wavelength pulsed laser according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a stabilized laser open loop power transfer function in a preferred embodiment of a simultaneous spectrally-stackable multi-wavelength pulsed laser provided in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of an unstable laser open-loop power transfer function in a preferred embodiment of a simultaneous spectrally-superimposable multi-wavelength pulsed laser according to the present invention.
In the figure:
101. first gain medium 102, first spectral broadening component 103, first lightwave extraction component 104, first spectral broadening component 105, second gain medium 106, second spectral broadening component 107, second lightwave extraction component 108, second spectral component 109, third gain medium 110, third spectral broadening component 111, third lightwave extraction component 112, third spectral broadening component 113, fourth gain medium 114, fourth spectral broadening component 115, fourth lightwave extraction component 116, fourth spectral component 117, fifth gain medium 118, fifth spectral broadening component 119, fifth lightwave extraction component 120, fifth spectral component 121, sixth gain medium 122, sixth spectral broadening component 123, sixth lightwave extraction component 124, sixth spectral component;
200. the ring resonator comprises a ring resonator 201, a first optical fiber amplifier 202, a first single-mode fiber 203, a first band-pass filter 204, a first optical coupler 205, a second optical fiber amplifier 206, a second single-mode fiber 207, a second band-pass filter 208, a second optical coupler 209, a third optical fiber amplifier 210, a third single-mode fiber 211, a third band-pass filter 212, a third optical coupler 213, a fourth optical fiber amplifier 214, a fourth single-mode fiber 215, a fourth band-pass filter 216, a fourth optical coupler 217, a fifth optical fiber amplifier 218, a fifth single-mode fiber 219, a fifth band-pass filter 220, a fifth optical coupler 221, a sixth optical fiber amplifier 222, a sixth single-mode fiber 223, a sixth band-pass filter 224 and a sixth optical coupler;
300. the linear resonator 301, the first reflector 304, the first optical circulator 307, the second optical circulator 310, the third optical circulator 313, the fourth optical circulator 316, the fifth optical circulator 319, the sixth optical circulator 324, the second reflector 327, the third reflector 330, the fourth reflector 333, the fifth reflector 336 and the sixth reflector.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
For the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be further explained by taking several specific embodiments as examples in conjunction with the drawings, and the embodiments are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a synchronous spectrally-stackable multi-wavelength pulse laser,
the laser wavelength conversion and output module comprises an optical wave gain component, an optical wave extraction component and a light splitting component which are sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of the optical pulse;
the optical wave gain component is used for amplifying the power of the optical wave of the optical pulse and also used for performing spectrum broadening on the optical wave of the optical pulse to obtain the spectrum broadened optical wave;
the optical wave extracting component is used for extracting an optical wave which is in accordance with the preset wavelength of the optical wave extracting component from the optical wave which is expanded by the spectrum of the optical wave gain component corresponding to a certain optical wave extracting component, and sending the extracted optical wave to the light splitting component;
the light splitting component is used for outputting the light wave which accords with the preset wavelength;
the plurality of laser wavelength conversion and output modules are arranged in a mode that the wavelength arrangement of the output light waves is gradually increased and then gradually decreased, so that the spectra of the light waves output by the plurality of laser wavelength conversion and output modules are partially overlapped;
the wavelength of the output light wave of each laser wavelength conversion and output module exclusively occupies the light wave gain component of the laser wavelength conversion and output module.
The multi-wavelength pulse laser provided by the invention has the advantages that the fixed wavelengths of each optical wave are distinguished, so that different laser wavelength conversion and output modules correspond to the optical waves with the respective preset wavelengths, each laser wavelength conversion and output module is relatively independent, and each laser wavelength independently occupies a gain component in the corresponding module, so that gain competition is avoided, and finally output spectrums can be overlapped with each other but cannot influence each other, and the mutual competition and crosstalk of the laser with each wavelength of the traditional multi-wavelength laser can not be caused.
In the embodiments provided by the present invention, the number of each laser wavelength conversion and output module and the corresponding preset wavelength can be set according to the laser wavelength range to be obtained, for example, in some preferred embodiments, 2n laser wavelength conversion and output modules are sequentially arranged in the resonant cavity along the propagation direction of the optical pulse, and the preset wavelengths of the optical wave extraction components of the 2n laser wavelength conversion and output modules are sequentially: λ nm, (λ +2 Δ λ) nm, (λ +4 Δ λ) nm, (λ +6 Δ λ) nm … (λ + (2n-2) Δ λ) nm, (λ + (2n-1) Δ λ) nm … (λ +3 Δ λ) nm and (λ +1 Δ λ) nm, eventually achieving partial overlap of the spectra;
in other embodiments, it may be provided that the intersection of the light wave ranges occurs, so that a partial overlap of the spectra to which the output light waves belong is obtained, for example, in some preferred embodiments, 6 sets of laser wavelength conversion and output modules are provided along the light pulse propagation direction, and the preset wavelengths of the light wave extraction components of the laser wavelength conversion and output modules are, in order of arrangement: the optical wave extracting component is arranged at the position of lambda nm, (lambda +2 delta lambda) nm, (lambda +4 delta lambda) nm, (lambda +5 delta lambda) nm, (lambda +3 delta lambda) nm and (lambda +1 delta lambda) nm, the bandwidth of all the optical wave extracting components is set to be (2 delta lambda) nm, and the partial overlapping of the optical spectrum is finally realized;
in these preferred embodiments, the optical wave gain means are provided with means for optical wave amplification and spectral broadening, respectively, for example comprising a gain medium and a spectral broadening means arranged in succession along the propagation direction of the optical wave; the arrangement is suitable for the condition that the span between every two output laser wavelengths is large, and the wavelength difference between adjacent modules is not too large, so that the characteristics and the efficiency of the laser are influenced; it should be understood that spectral overlap refers to the separation of the spectral width of the laser light greater than the laser wavelength of the beam and the center wavelength of the laser light closest thereto.
Further, in a refinement, the gain medium may also be used simultaneously as a spectral broadening component. The spectral broadening component and the gain medium select the same dispersion sign, i.e. both are normal dispersion or both are anomalous dispersion. The spectrum broadening brought by the normal dispersion region optical pulse evolution in the gain medium and the spectrum broadening component can be relatively flat, the pulse stability is good, and the stable work of the laser is facilitated, so that the spectrum broadening component and the gain medium are preferably normal dispersion.
Those skilled in the art should understand that the number of the laser wavelength conversion and output modules is only an example, and other existing or future number types of laser wavelength conversion and output modules, such as 4 groups, 8 groups, etc., may be applied to the embodiments of the present invention, and shall also be included in the scope of the present invention, and is included herein by reference;
in other embodiments, the preset wavelengths of the light wave extracting components of the laser wavelength conversion and output modules are gradually increased in sequence (or the laser wavelength conversion and output modules are arranged in the order of the light wavelength from short to long); in these embodiments, only a gain medium having a spectrum broadening function may be provided in the optical wave gain section; the setting mode ensures that the wavelength difference between the adjacent modules is not too large so as to influence the characteristics and the efficiency of the laser, and is suitable for the conditions that the span between the preset wavelengths corresponding to the laser wavelength conversion and output modules is not large and/or the number of the laser wavelength conversion and output modules is small.
Further, in order to realize the synchronous output of multiple pulses, in some preferred embodiments, the resonant cavity has an annular structure, and the laser wavelength conversion and output modules are sequentially arranged along the extension direction of the resonant cavity, that is, the input end of the laser wavelength conversion and output module in the starting position corresponds to the output end of the laser wavelength conversion and output module in the ending position, so that the optical pulses are circulated back and forth in the resonant cavity;
in other preferred embodiments, the cavity may be a linear structure, for example, having a plurality of reflecting components within the cavity, each of said reflecting components including a mirror and an optical circulator, said optical circulator being respectively located between said optical wave gain component and said optical wave extraction component of each of said laser wavelength conversion and output modules, said mirror being respectively connected to an output end of said splitting component of each of said laser wavelength conversion and output modules; the above arrangement allows light pulses to circulate through a single said laser conversion and output module.
The principle composition of the multi-wavelength pulse laser is exemplarily described below with reference to specific embodiments;
in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, there are 6 groups of laser conversion and output modules in the resonant cavity, which are respectively a first laser conversion and output module, a second laser conversion and output module, a third laser conversion and output module, a fourth laser conversion and output module, a fifth laser conversion and output module, and a sixth laser conversion and output module sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of the optical pulse; the first laser conversion and output module includes a first gain medium 101, a first spectral broadening component 102, a first optical wave extraction component 103, and a first light splitting component 104; the second laser conversion and output module includes a second gain medium 105, a second spectral broadening component 106, a second optical wave extraction component 107, and a second light splitting component 108; the third laser conversion and output module includes a third gain medium 109, a third spectral broadening component 110, a third optical wave extraction component 111, and a third light splitting component 112; the fourth laser conversion and output module comprises a fourth gain medium 113, a fourth spectral broadening component 114, a fourth optical wave extraction component 115 and a fourth light splitting component 116; the fifth laser conversion and output module comprises a fifth gain medium 117, a fifth spectral broadening component 118, a fifth optical wave extraction component 119 and a fifth spectral splitting component 120; the sixth laser conversion and output module includes a sixth gain medium 121, a sixth spectral broadening component 122, a sixth optical wave extraction component 123, and a sixth spectroscopic component 124;
in order to obtain an optical wave in the same wavelength band range after power amplification is performed on the gain medium, the first gain medium 101, the second gain medium 105, the third gain medium 109, the fourth gain medium 113, the fifth gain medium 117, and the sixth gain medium 121 may be configured in the same manner;
in this embodiment, the first light wave extraction component 103, the second light wave extraction component 107, the third light wave extraction component 111, the fourth light wave extraction component 115, the fifth light wave extraction component 119 and the sixth light wave extraction component 123 may adopt different arrangements, so that the preset wavelengths of the light wave extraction components are different, and the effect of spectral overlapping is achieved;
the principle of the multi-wavelength pulse laser is as follows:
after an input optical pulse passes through the first gain medium 101, the first gain medium 101 performs power amplification on an input optical wave, then the first spectrum broadening component performs spectrum broadening on the input optical wave to obtain a first target optical wave, then the first target optical wave is sent to the first optical wave extraction component 103, the first optical wave extraction component 103 extracts an optical wave with a predetermined wavelength corresponding to a first laser conversion and output module to which the first optical wave belongs from the first target optical wave, and sends the extracted optical wave to the first light splitting component 104; the first light splitting component 104 performs light splitting processing on the received light wave, the obtained partial light wave is used as an output light wave of a first laser conversion and output module to which the first light splitting component 104 belongs, the rest light wave is sent to a second gain medium 105 of a second laser conversion and output module, so that the second gain medium 105 of the second laser conversion and output module performs power amplification on the power of the rest light wave, then a second spectrum broadening component 106 performs spectrum broadening on the input light wave to obtain a second target light wave, the light wave subjected to power amplification and spectrum broadening is sent to a second light wave extraction component 107, the second light wave extraction component 107 extracts the light wave with a predetermined wavelength corresponding to the second laser conversion and output module to which the second light splitting component 107 belongs, and sends the extracted light wave to a second light splitting component 108, the second light splitting component 108 performs light splitting processing on the received light wave, the obtained partial light wave is used as the output light wave of the second laser conversion and output module belonging to the second light splitting component 108, the remaining light wave is sent to the third gain medium 109 of the third laser conversion and output module, so that the third gain medium 109 of the third laser conversion and output module amplifies the power of the remaining light wave, then the third spectral broadening component 110 broadens the spectrum of the input light wave to obtain a third target light wave, and the light wave amplified and spectrally broadened is sent to the third light wave extraction component 111, the third light wave extraction component 111 extracts the light wave with the predetermined wavelength corresponding to the third laser conversion and output module belonging to the third light splitting component 111, and sends the extracted light wave to the third light splitting component 112, the third light splitting component 112 performs the light splitting processing on the received light wave, and the obtained partial light wave is used as the output light wave of the third laser conversion and output module belonging to the third light splitting component 112, sending the remaining light wave to a fourth gain medium 113 of a fourth laser conversion and output module, so that the fourth gain medium 113 of the fourth laser conversion and output module performs power amplification on the power of the remaining light wave, then a fourth spectral broadening component 114 performs spectral broadening on the input light wave to obtain a fourth target light wave, and sends the light wave after power amplification and spectral broadening to a fourth light wave extraction component 115, the fourth light wave extraction component 115 extracts the light wave with a predetermined wavelength corresponding to the fourth laser conversion and output module to which the fourth light wave belongs, and sends the extracted light wave to a fourth light splitting component 116, the fourth light splitting component 116 performs light splitting on the received light wave, uses the obtained partial light wave as the output light wave of the fourth laser conversion and output module to which the fourth light splitting component 116 belongs, and sends the remaining light wave to a fifth gain medium 117 of a fifth laser conversion and output module, so that the fifth gain medium 117 of the fifth laser conversion and output module performs power amplification on the power of the remaining optical wave, then the fifth spectral broadening component 118 performs spectral broadening on the input optical wave to obtain a fifth target optical wave, and sends the optical wave after power amplification and spectral broadening to the fifth optical wave extraction component 119, the fifth optical wave extraction component 119 extracts the optical wave with a predetermined wavelength corresponding to the belonging fifth laser conversion and output module, and sends the extracted optical wave to the fifth light splitting component 120, the fifth light splitting component 120 performs light splitting processing on the received optical wave, and uses the obtained partial optical wave as the output optical wave of the fifth laser conversion and output module to which the fifth light splitting component 120 belongs, and sends the remaining optical wave to the sixth gain medium 121 of the sixth laser conversion and output module, so that the sixth gain medium 121 of the sixth laser conversion and output module performs power amplification on the power of the remaining optical wave, then, the sixth spectral broadening component 122 performs spectral broadening on the input optical wave to obtain a sixth target optical wave, and sends the optical wave subjected to power amplification and spectral broadening to the sixth optical wave extraction component 123, the sixth optical wave extraction component 123 extracts an optical wave with a predetermined wavelength corresponding to a sixth laser conversion and output module to which the sixth optical wave extraction component belongs, and sends the extracted optical wave to the sixth light splitting component 124, and the sixth light splitting component 124 performs light splitting processing on the received optical wave to obtain a required laser; further, the sixth spectroscopic unit 124 uses the obtained partial light wave as an output light wave of the sixth laser output module to which the sixth spectroscopic unit 124 belongs, and transmits the remaining light wave to the first gain medium 101 of the first laser output module, and sequentially circulates.
The number of each laser wavelength conversion and output module and the corresponding preset wavelength can be set according to the obtained laser wavelength range, and the intersection of the light wave ranges can occur in the setting, so that the partial overlapping of the spectra of the output light waves is obtained; the arrangement of the predetermined light waves is determined by the specific type of the light wave extraction means, for example, the light wave extraction means employs a band-pass filter, and the center wavelength interval of the filter is appropriately selected to achieve the superposable output spectra; with the embodiment, the six band-pass filters are respectively a first band-pass filter, a second band-pass filter, a third band-pass filter, a fourth band-pass filter, a fifth band-pass filter and a sixth band-pass filter; in this embodiment, the center wavelength of the first bandpass filter is selected to be λ nm, the center wavelength of the second bandpass filter is selected to be (λ +2 Δ λ) nm, the center wavelength of the third bandpass filter is selected to be (λ +4 Δ λ) nm, the center wavelength of the fourth bandpass filter is selected to be (λ +5 Δ λ) nm, the center wavelength of the fifth bandpass filter is selected to be (λ +3 Δ λ) nm, the center wavelength of the sixth bandpass filter is selected to be (λ +1 Δ λ) nm, the bandwidths of all the bandpass filters are set to be (2 Δ λ) nm, and the multi-wavelength output with overlapped spectra is obtained;
in another spectral overlapping manner, the predetermined wavelength of the light wave corresponding to the fifth laser conversion and output module to which the fifth light wave extraction component 119 belongs and the predetermined wavelength of the light wave corresponding to the first laser conversion and output module to which the first light wave extraction component 103 belongs may be almost the same; the predetermined wavelength of the light wave corresponding to the fourth laser light conversion and output module to which the fourth light wave extraction component 115 belongs and the predetermined wavelength of the light wave corresponding to the second laser light conversion and output module to which the second light wave extraction component 107 belongs may be almost the same; the light wave extraction ranges of the predetermined wavelength corresponding to the laser conversion and output module to which each of the first light wave extraction component 103, the second light wave extraction component 107, the third light wave extraction component 111, the fourth light wave extraction component 115, the fifth light wave extraction component 119, and the sixth light wave extraction component 123 belongs may intersect;
the modes are implemented independently or in combination, the input light waves can be converted back and forth on the light waves with different wavelengths, and the spectrums of the light waves with different wavelengths can be overlapped at will, so that synchronous coherent output of the light waves with overlapped spectrums is realized.
In this embodiment, the gain medium may be a fiber amplifier; the spectrum broadening component can be a single-mode optical fiber and can broaden the light wave to an operating wavelength range which can cover a gain medium on a rear light path; the light wave extraction means may be a band pass filter; the light splitting part includes a light coupler or a spectroscope.
In a manner of implementing cyclic propagation of optical pulses, the resonant cavity may be a ring cavity, and the laser conversion and output modules are arranged in a ring-shaped arrangement pattern in the ring cavity along an extending direction thereof, as shown in fig. 3, the ring resonant cavity 200 includes a first laser conversion and output module, a second laser conversion and output module, a third laser conversion and output module, a fourth laser conversion and output module, a fifth laser conversion and output module, and a sixth laser conversion and output module, and the first laser conversion and output module includes a first optical fiber amplifier 201, a first single-mode optical fiber 202, a first bandpass filter 203, and a first optical coupler 204, which are arranged in sequence; the second laser conversion and output module comprises a second optical fiber amplifier 205, a second single-mode optical fiber 206, a second band-pass filter 207 and a second optical coupler 208 which are arranged in sequence; the third laser conversion and output module comprises a third optical fiber amplifier 209, a third single-mode optical fiber 210, a third band-pass filter 211 and a third optical coupler 212 which are sequentially arranged; the fourth laser conversion and output module comprises a fourth optical fiber amplifier 213, a fourth single-mode optical fiber 214, a fourth band-pass filter 215 and a fourth optical coupler 216 which are arranged in sequence; the fifth laser conversion and output module comprises a fifth optical fiber amplifier 217, a fifth single-mode optical fiber 218, a fifth band-pass filter 219 and a fifth optical coupler 220 which are arranged in sequence; the sixth laser conversion and output module comprises a sixth optical fiber amplifier 221, a sixth single-mode optical fiber 222, a sixth band-pass filter 223 and a sixth optical coupler 224 which are sequentially arranged, the first optical coupler 204 is connected with the second optical fiber amplifier 205, the second optical coupler 208 is connected with the third optical fiber amplifier 209, the third optical coupler 212 is connected with the fourth optical fiber amplifier 213, the fourth optical coupler 216 is connected with the fifth optical fiber amplifier 217, the fifth optical coupler 220 is connected with the sixth optical fiber amplifier 221, and the sixth optical coupler 224 is connected with the first optical fiber amplifier 201;
through the arrangement, the light waves can realize the back-and-forth conversion in the annular cavity, and the light waves are transmitted in a single direction in the annular resonant cavity;
the applicant finds in experiments that the laser power transfer function curves obtained by selecting different gain media, spectrum broadening components and light wave extraction components are different, and an unreasonable device design can cause the laser output power to change continuously with time, so that stable pulse output cannot be obtained. In experiments, the applicant finds that the system can enter a stable operation state only when the position of filtering of the filter is just at the spectrum flat position after nonlinear broadening as shown in fig. 12, the power transfer function curve monotonicity of the laser is good as shown in fig. 13, and oscillation does not occur as shown in fig. 14. When the filter wavelength and bandwidth are selected, this can be achieved by changing the shape of the broadened spectrum by setting the length of the gain fiber, the small signal gain factor, and the gain saturation energy. The wavelength of the bandpass filter can be configured according to the resulting spectrum when the gain fiber characteristic is given. In addition, the adoption of the gain fiber with normal dispersion and the single-mode fiber is beneficial to the stability of the laser.
For example, in some improved embodiments, the optical pulses achieve pulse-directed conversion of different wavelengths within a laser having a ring cavity, thereby achieving multi-wavelength output. The ring-shaped resonant cavity comprises a first laser conversion and output module, a second laser conversion and output module, a third laser conversion and output module, a fourth laser conversion and output module, a fifth laser conversion and output module and a sixth laser conversion and output module, wherein the first laser conversion and output module comprises a first optical fiber amplifier 201, a first single-mode optical fiber 202, a first band-pass filter 203 and a first optical coupler 204 which are sequentially arranged; the second laser conversion and output module comprises a second optical fiber amplifier 205, a second single-mode optical fiber 206, a second band-pass filter 207 and a second optical coupler 208 which are arranged in sequence; the third laser conversion and output module comprises a third optical fiber amplifier 209, a third single-mode optical fiber 210, a third band-pass filter 211 and a third optical coupler 212 which are sequentially arranged; the fourth laser conversion and output module comprises a fourth optical fiber amplifier 213, a fourth single-mode optical fiber 214, a fourth band-pass filter 215 and a fourth optical coupler 216 which are arranged in sequence; the fifth laser conversion and output module comprises a fifth optical fiber amplifier 217, a fifth single-mode optical fiber 218, a fifth band-pass filter 219 and a fifth optical coupler 220 which are arranged in sequence; the sixth laser conversion and output module includes a sixth optical fiber amplifier 221, a sixth single-mode optical fiber 222, a sixth band-pass filter 223, and a sixth optical coupler 224, which are arranged in sequence. The center wavelength of the band-pass filter corresponding to each stage of filtering is 1045nm, 1055nm, 1060nm, 1050nm, 1040nm and 1035nm in sequence, wherein the bandwidth of the band-pass filter is set to be 10 nm; the output laser pulse wavelength of the corresponding optical coupler of each stage is 1045nm, 1055nm, 1060nm, 1050nm, 1040nm and 1035 nm. After the parameters are selected reasonably, the system operation is stable, and the intracavity pulse evolution diagram shown in figure 4 is obtained. The input light pulse with center wavelength of 1035nm is directionally converted in the cavity and respectivelyOutputs six light pulses with central wavelengths 1045nm, 1055nm, 1060nm, 1050nm, 1040nm and 1035 nm. The six lengths of gain ytterbium-doped fibers with the length of 0.3m amplify the system power, and the nonlinear effect of the fibers and the following single-mode fibers play a role in spectrum broadening together to obtain a six-wave spectrum output diagram shown in fig. 5. Under the selected gain optical fiber parameters, the six lengths of gain optical fibers enable the filtering position of the filter to be exactly positioned at the flat position of the frequency spectrum after nonlinear broadening, and the system can operate quickly and stably. If the gain optical fiber with other length is selected, the small signal gain coefficient of the gain optical fiber needs to be adjusted, and the system can stably operate as long as the filtering position of the filter can avoid the edge or uneven part of the frequency spectrum after nonlinear broadening. Finally, the laser pulse with peak power of 1.8kW, pulse width of 0.20ps and linear chirp is generated. The total length of the system is 7.8 meters for a repetition rate of about 26.46 MHz. Fig. 6 shows the corresponding time domain waveform, with linear chirp facilitating extra-cavity compression to increase peak power and shift limit pulse width. Further analysis of the frequency domain revealed that the dispersion order considered was from beta2Increase to beta5The spectra at the four dispersion values almost completely overlap, so the six-wavelength laser system at higher order dispersion remains stable.
The shape of the non-linearly broadened spectrum obtained by the gain medium can be adjusted by adjusting the pump power of the gain fiber, the length of the gain fiber, and the length of the spectral broadening component and the dispersion non-linearity parameters. For example, a plurality of sections of optical fiber cascades with different parameters can be introduced into the multi-wavelength pulse laser to be used as a spectrum broadening component, a dispersion compensation device can be additionally introduced to enlarge the adjustment range and the adjustment freedom, multi-parameter binding caused by a single device is overcome, and finally the flat area of a nonlinear broadened spectrum can be aligned with the center wavelength of a passband of a needed bandpass filter. The length of the cascade optical fiber is set according to the central wavelength interval of the band-pass filter of the module of the optical fiber and the band-pass filter of the module on the adjacent rear light path, and the length of the optical fiber of the module on the front light path is in direct proportion to the central wavelength interval. Setting the fiber length according to the center wavelength interval as above can improve the efficiency of the multiwavelength pulse laser. Besides, a dispersion compensator is also arranged in the multi-wavelength pulse laser and is used for adjusting dispersion and pulse width.
The applicant has found in experiments that when the preset wavelengths of all the band-pass filters are close to each other, the passbands of the band-pass filters are mostly overlapped with each other so as to have a common passband range that can pass through all the band-pass filters, and the problem that the continuous laser directly passes through each filter to cause continuous laser lasing, thereby suppressing laser pulses, occurs. In order to solve the problem, in some modifications, an auxiliary transmission module is further provided in the multiwavelength pulse laser, the auxiliary transmission module including a lightwave gain section and a lightwave extraction section arranged in sequence along the propagation direction of the optical pulse, and the preset wavelength of the lightwave extraction section of the auxiliary transmission module is deviated from the common passband range of the lightwave extraction section of the laser wavelength conversion and output module. The optical wave gain component of the auxiliary transmission module can also be an optical fiber amplifier and/or a single-mode optical fiber, and the optical wave extraction component adopts a band-pass filter, but the auxiliary transmission module is not provided with a light splitting component and does not participate in the output of laser. The auxiliary transmission module may be disposed between any two laser wavelength conversion and output modules. For example, when the wavelengths of the required lasers are very close, for example, the bandwidths of the five band-pass filters with wavelengths of 1035nm, 1036nm, 1037nm, 1038nm and 1039nm are 10 nm. The 5 filters now have a common pass band (i.e., 1035nm to 1040nm form a common pass band). In order to avoid the introduction of continuous laser lasing into the 6 th module, the passband of the 6 th module avoids the common passband range between 1034nm and 1040nm, and the passband of the filter of the sixth module is set to be 1041nm to 1051nm (namely, the central wavelength is 1046nm and the bandwidth is 10 nm).
In the preferred embodiment provided by the invention, the vibration cavity can also be designed as a linear cavity; in order to realize the back-and-forth conversion of the light wave, an optical circulator can be added in the resonant cavity to realize the bidirectional transmission of the light wave, namely, the light wave can be circularly transmitted in a single laser conversion and output module while circularly finishing the transmission of all the laser conversion and output modules in sequence;
specifically, a first reflection component, a second reflection component, a third reflection component, a fourth reflection component, a fifth reflection component and a sixth reflection component may be further disposed in the resonant cavity, and the first reflection component, the second reflection component, the third reflection component, the fourth reflection component, the fifth reflection component and the sixth reflection component reflect the light wave in the resonant cavity;
as shown in fig. 7, the resonant cavity is a linear resonant cavity 300, and the linear resonant cavity 300 includes a first optical fiber amplifier 201, a first single-mode fiber 202, a first optical circulator 304, a second optical fiber amplifier 205, a second single-mode fiber 206, a second optical circulator 307, a third optical fiber amplifier 209, a third single-mode fiber 210, a third optical circulator 310, a fourth optical fiber amplifier 213, a fourth single-mode fiber 214, a fourth circulator 313, a fifth optical fiber amplifier 217, a fifth single-mode fiber 218, a fifth optical circulator 316, a sixth optical fiber amplifier 221, a sixth single-mode fiber 222, a sixth optical circulator 319, a first bandpass filter 203, a first coupler 204, a first mirror 301, a second bandpass filter 207, a second optical coupler 208, a second mirror 324, a third bandpass filter 211, a third optical coupler 212, a third mirror 327, a fourth bandpass filter 215, a fourth optical coupler 216, a fourth bandpass filter 313, a fourth optical coupler 313, a fifth optical coupler 217, a fifth optical coupler 218, a fifth optical coupler 208, a fourth optical coupler, A fourth mirror 330, a fifth bandpass filter 219, a fifth optical coupler 220, a fifth mirror 333, a sixth bandpass filter 223, a sixth optical coupler 224, and a sixth mirror 336.
The first optical fiber amplifier 201, the first single-mode optical fiber 202, the first optical circulator 304, the second optical fiber amplifier 205, the second single-mode optical fiber 206, the second optical circulator 307, the third optical fiber amplifier 209, the third single-mode optical fiber 210, the third optical circulator 310, the fourth optical fiber amplifier 213, the fourth single-mode optical fiber 214, the fourth optical circulator 313, the fifth optical fiber amplifier 217, the fifth single-mode optical fiber 218, the fifth optical circulator 316, the sixth optical fiber amplifier 221, the sixth single-mode optical fiber 222, and the sixth optical circulator 319 are sequentially arranged end to form an annular component.
The first mirror 301, the first optical coupler 204, the first band-pass filter 203, the ring-shaped member, the second band-pass filter 207, the second optical coupler 208, the second mirror 324, the third band-pass filter 211, the third optical coupler 212, the third mirror 327, the fourth band-pass filter 215, the fourth optical coupler 216, the fourth mirror 330, the fifth band-pass filter 219, the fifth optical coupler 220, the fifth mirror 333, the sixth band-pass filter 223, the sixth optical coupler 224, and the sixth mirror 336 are arranged in a radial line to form a radial type linear resonant cavity;
taking the working process of the first laser conversion and output module as an example, a light pulse with a wavelength of λ 1 is input from the first optical fiber amplifier 201, passes through the first single-mode fiber 202, is transmitted to the first band-pass filter 203 by the first optical circulator 304 to filter out a target wavelength λ 2, further outputs the required laser λ 2 by the first optical coupler 204, and the remaining light pulse is reflected to the first optical circulator 304 by the first reflector 301, and then is transmitted to the second optical fiber amplifier 205 for the next processing, and the above processes are repeated to complete all laser outputs;
in the above manner, the fifth bandpass filter 219 may be almost the same as the center wavelength of the first bandpass filter 203; the fourth bandpass filter 215 may be nearly the same center wavelength as the second bandpass filter 207; the center wavelength of first bandpass filter 203, the center wavelength of second bandpass filter 207, the center wavelength of third bandpass filter 211, the center wavelength of fourth bandpass filter 215, the center wavelength of fifth bandpass filter 219, and the center wavelength of sixth bandpass filter 223 may be close together and the spectra may overlap.
In an embodiment for laser output, as shown in fig. 8, a coupled optical path and a plurality of adjustable delay lines may be employed; the light splitting component of each laser conversion and output module is respectively connected with the coupling light path through the adjustable delay line to form a mutually parallel form, the coupling light path couples the input laser to the same optical fiber for output, and the adjustable delay line can set the time difference of pulse sequences with different wavelengths according to requirements.
The invention also provides an embodiment, which is used for exemplarily explaining the principle composition of the multi-wavelength pulse laser by combining specific numerical values;
in this embodiment, the cavity is a ring cavity, and the predetermined wavelengths of the light wave extracting elements in the laser conversion and output module are selected in a second order of the crossed arrangement (e.g., 1, 3, 5, 6, 4, 2); six wavelengths corresponding to the six laser conversion and output modules are selected to be 1035nm, 1045nm, 1055nm, 1060nm, 1050nm and 1040 nm; the central wavelengths of the bandpass filters in the six laser conversion and output modules are selected to be 1035nm, 1045nm, 1055nm, 1060nm, 1050nm and 1040nm, the bandwidth of the bandpass filters can be selected to be 10nm, the spacing distance of the central wavelengths of the output light waves is smaller than the spectrum width, and the overlapping of the spectrums can be realized.
The working principle can be as follows: after an input light wave enters the synchronous spectrum superposable multi-wavelength pulse laser, the first optical fiber amplifier 201 performs power amplification on the input light wave, the light wave after power amplification is subjected to spectrum broadening through a first single-mode optical fiber 202, the light wave after spectrum broadening is subjected to spectrum broadening through a first band-pass filter 203 with the central wavelength of 1045nm to obtain a light wave with the central wavelength of 1045nm, and finally the light wave is output through a first optical coupler 204 to obtain a light wave with the central wavelength of 1045nm, and the first optical coupler 204 sends the rest light wave to a second optical fiber amplifier 205; the second optical fiber amplifier 205 performs power amplification on the remaining optical waves, the optical waves after power amplification are subjected to spectrum broadening through the second single mode fiber 206, the optical waves after spectrum broadening are subjected to spectrum broadening through the second band-pass filter 207 with the central wavelength of 1055nm to obtain the optical waves with the central wavelength of 1055nm, and finally the optical waves are output through the second optical coupler 208 to obtain the optical waves with the central wavelength of 1055nm, and the second optical coupler 208 transmits the remaining optical waves to the third optical fiber amplifier 209; the third optical fiber amplifier 209 performs power amplification on the remaining optical waves, the optical waves after power amplification are subjected to spectrum broadening through a third single mode fiber 210, the optical waves after spectrum broadening are subjected to spectrum broadening through a third band-pass filter 211 with the center wavelength of 1060nm to obtain optical waves with the center wavelength of 1060nm, the optical waves are finally output through a third optical coupler 212 to obtain optical waves with the center wavelength of 1060nm, and the third optical coupler 212 sends the remaining optical waves to a fourth optical fiber amplifier 213; the fourth optical fiber amplifier 213 power-amplifies the remaining optical waves, the power-amplified optical waves are spectrally broadened by the fourth single-mode fiber 214, the spectrally broadened optical waves pass through the fourth band-pass filter 215 with a central wavelength of 1050nm to obtain optical waves with a central wavelength of 1050nm, and are finally output by the fourth optical coupler 216 to obtain optical waves with a central wavelength of 1050nm, and the fourth optical coupler 216 sends the remaining optical waves to the fifth optical fiber amplifier 217; the fifth optical fiber amplifier 217 performs power amplification on the remaining optical waves, the optical waves after power amplification are subjected to spectrum broadening through a fifth single mode fiber 218, the optical waves after spectrum broadening are subjected to spectrum broadening through a fifth band-pass filter 219 with the central wavelength of 1040nm to obtain optical waves with the central wavelength of 1040nm, and finally the optical waves are output through a fifth optical coupler 220 to obtain optical waves with the central wavelength of 1040nm, and the fifth optical coupler 220 transmits the remaining optical waves to a sixth optical fiber amplifier 221; the sixth optical fiber amplifier 221 power-amplifies the remaining optical waves, the power-amplified optical waves are spectrally broadened through the sixth single-mode fiber 222, the spectrally broadened optical waves pass through the sixth band-pass filter 223 with a center wavelength of 1035nm to obtain optical waves with a center wavelength of 1035nm, and are finally output through the sixth optical coupler 224 to obtain optical waves with a center wavelength of 1035nm, and the sixth optical coupler 224 transmits the remaining optical waves to the first optical fiber amplifier 201, and the processes are sequentially circulated.
In summary, the present invention provides a multi-wavelength pulse laser with overlapped synchronous spectra, which distinguishes and sets the fixed wavelength of each optical wave, so that different laser wavelength conversion and output modules correspond to the optical waves with respective predetermined wavelengths, and the optical wave extraction component limits the optical waves after power amplification and spectrum broadening, so that the finally output spectra can be overlapped with each other, but cannot be influenced with each other; each laser wavelength conversion, gain and output module is relatively independent, a plurality of laser light waves with different wavelengths respectively occupy different modules, and a plurality of wavelengths do not share the same gain medium like a traditional laser, so that mutual competition and crosstalk of laser with each wavelength of the traditional multi-wavelength laser are avoided; in addition, the multi-wavelength pulse laser also has the advantages that the light pulse can be circularly transmitted in a unidirectional way in the resonant cavity and can also be circularly transmitted in a bidirectional way by the reflecting component, so that the multi-wavelength light wave pulses output by the same laser have the same repetition rate, and synchronous output is realized;
the multi-wavelength pulse laser provided by the invention also has the following advantages:
the light pulse can be circularly transmitted in a unidirectional way in the resonant cavity and can also be circularly transmitted in a bidirectional way by virtue of the reflecting component, so that the same laser outputs synchronous multi-wavelength light waves with overlapped spectrums;
the number of laser wavelength conversion and output modules can be adjusted at will, and the application environment adaptability is good;
the preset wavelength of the light waves corresponding to the laser wavelength conversion and output module quantity can be adjusted at will according to actual needs, and the application field is wide.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A synchronous spectrum-overlappable multi-wavelength pulse laser is characterized by comprising a resonant cavity for processing optical pulses, wherein a plurality of laser wavelength conversion and output modules are arranged in the propagation direction of the optical pulses in the resonant cavity, and each laser wavelength conversion and output module comprises an optical wave gain component, an optical wave extraction component and a light splitting component which are sequentially arranged in the propagation direction of the optical pulses;
the optical wave gain component is used for amplifying the power of the optical wave of the optical pulse and also used for performing spectrum broadening on the optical wave of the optical pulse to obtain the spectrum broadened optical wave;
the optical wave extracting component is used for extracting an optical wave which is in accordance with the preset wavelength of the optical wave extracting component from the optical wave which is expanded by the spectrum of the optical wave gain component corresponding to a certain optical wave extracting component, and sending the extracted optical wave to the light splitting component;
the light splitting component is used for outputting the light wave which accords with the preset wavelength;
the plurality of laser wavelength conversion and output modules are arranged in a mode that the wavelength arrangement of the output light waves is gradually increased and then gradually decreased, so that the spectra of the light waves output by the plurality of laser wavelength conversion and output modules are partially overlapped; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
2n laser wavelength conversion and output modules are sequentially arranged in the resonant cavity along the optical pulse propagation direction, and the preset wavelengths of the optical wave extraction components of the 2n laser wavelength conversion and output modules sequentially are as follows: λ, λ +2 Δ λ, λ +4 Δ λ, λ +6 Δ λ … λ + (2n-2) Δ λ, λ + (2n-1) Δ λ … λ +3 Δ λ, and λ +1 Δ λ;
the wavelength of the output light wave of each laser wavelength conversion and output module exclusively occupies the light wave gain component of the laser wavelength conversion and output module;
the optical wave gain component comprises a gain medium and a spectrum broadening component, wherein the gain medium is used for amplifying the power of the optical wave of the optical pulse, and the spectrum broadening component performs spectrum broadening on the optical wave of the optical pulse to obtain a spectrum broadened optical wave;
the gain medium also performs spectrum broadening on the optical wave of the optical pulse, and the spectrum broadening component and the gain medium adopt the same dispersion sign, namely, the normal dispersion or the anomalous dispersion.
2. The multiwavelength pulsed laser of claim 1, wherein the cavity is a ring structure, and the laser wavelength conversion and output modules are arranged in series along the cavity extension direction.
3. The multiwavelength pulsed laser of claim 2, wherein the plurality of laser wavelength conversion and output modules comprises a first laser conversion and output module, a second laser conversion and output module, a third laser conversion and output module, a fourth laser conversion and output module, a fifth laser conversion and output module, a sixth laser conversion and output module arranged in series along the direction of extension of the resonator; the light splitting component of the sixth laser conversion and output module corresponds to the light wave gain component of the first laser conversion and output module, and light pulses are made to circularly and sequentially pass through the plurality of laser wavelength conversion and output modules.
4. The multiwavelength pulse laser of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of reflective elements within the cavity, each of the reflective elements comprising a mirror and an optical circulator, the optical circulators being respectively located between the optical wave gain element and the optical wave extraction element of each of the laser wavelength conversion and output modules, the mirrors being respectively connected to the outputs of the beam splitting elements of each of the laser wavelength conversion and output modules; the reflecting component enables the light pulse to circularly propagate in a certain laser conversion and output module.
5. The multiwavelength pulsed laser of claim 1, further comprising any one or more of the following features: the optical wave gain component comprises an optical fiber amplifier and/or a single mode optical fiber; the light wave extraction component is a band-pass filter; the light splitting component is an optical coupler or a spectroscope.
6. The multiwavelength pulse laser according to claim 5, wherein when the optical gain section comprises a fiber amplifier and/or a single-mode fiber, and the optical extraction section is a band-pass filter, the center of the pass band of the band-pass filter is located in a flat region of a nonlinear broadened spectrum.
7. The multiwavelength pulse laser according to claim 6, wherein the fiber amplifiers and/or single-mode fibers are in a cascade configuration, and the length of a certain fiber amplifier and/or single-mode fiber is set according to the center wavelength interval between the bandpass filter of the laser wavelength converting and outputting module and the bandpass filter of the laser wavelength converting and outputting module adjacent to the rear optical path; the multi-wavelength pulse laser further comprises a dispersion compensator.
8. The multiwavelength pulsed laser of claim 6, wherein the preset wavelengths of the bandpass filters of all the laser wavelength conversion and output modules are close to each other, and the passbands overlap each other to constitute a common passband range of the bandpass filters of all the laser wavelength conversion and output modules; the multiwavelength pulse laser also has an auxiliary transmission module comprising a lightwave gain component and a lightwave extraction component arranged in sequence along the propagation direction of the optical pulse, the preset wavelength of the lightwave extraction component of the auxiliary transmission module deviating from the common passband range of the bandpass filters of all the laser wavelength conversion and output modules.
9. The multiwavelength pulse laser of claim 1, further comprising a coupling optical path and a plurality of adjustable delay lines; the light splitting component of each laser conversion and output module is respectively connected with the coupling light path through the adjustable delay line, and the coupling light path is used for coupling and outputting the light waves transmitted by each laser conversion and output module.
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| CN109378686A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-02-22 | 上海大学 | A kind of changeable multi-wavelength bidirectional tune Q rare-earth-doped fiber laser |
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| CN101986483A (en) * | 2010-10-08 | 2011-03-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | Passive mode-locked pulsed laser |
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